Snow white

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Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, illustration by Carl Offterdinger (late 19th century)
The Prince at Snow White's glass coffin, illustration by Alexander Zick (1886)

Snow White is a fairy tale ( ATU 709). It is in the children's and house fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm at number 53 and is called Sneewittchen there , in the first edition from 1812 the translation into High German Schneeweißchen was given ( ndt. Snee "snow", witt "white"), which is probably because of the equality between Snow White and Rose Red has been omitted. Ludwig Bechstein took it over in his German fairy tale book as No. 51 Schneeweißchen (1845 No. 60). The title Snow White has become popular .

content

The table of contents follows the last edition of the Brothers Grimm from 1857 (seventh edition of Children's and Household Tales ).

The evil queen envies beautiful Snow White

The Queen in front of the speaking mirror: "Mirror, mirror on the wall / Who is the most beautiful in the whole country?"
Illustration, probably by Theodor Hosemann (1852)

On a winter's day, a queen is sitting at the window, which has a black ebony frame , sewing. She accidentally sticks her finger with the sewing needle. When she sees three drops of blood falling into the snow, she thinks: "If I had a child as white as snow, as red as blood and as black as the wood on the frame!" Her wish comes true and she has a daughter , who is called Snow White because she has light skin, red cheeks, and black hair.

After the birth the queen dies and the king takes a new wife. This is very beautiful, but vain and evil. She cannot stand to be surpassed in beauty. When Snow White was seven years old, the speaking and omniscient mirror of the evil queen called Snow White, and not her, the most beautiful in the country. Plagued by envy , the stepmother assigns a hunter to kill the child in the forest and to bring her lungs and liver to prove it. But the man lets the begging girl go and brings the queen's lungs and liver of a freshman , who, believing they are Snow White, cooks and eats them.

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs

Snow White flees into the forest. They come to a little house with a table for seven, and take a little something to eat and drink from each place. Then it tries the beds until it finds a suitable one and falls asleep. When it is dark, the house residents, seven dwarfs who have been digging for ore in the mountains, come home. They are amazed to see that someone has touched their things. In the bed of the seventh dwarf they find the sleeping child and are carried away by its beauty. The next morning, Snow White explains his situation to them, and they can stay in the house while they do the housework. Snow White agrees and is now always alone during the day, which is why the dwarfs warn the girl about the stepmother and admonish her not to let anyone in.

The queen poisons Snow White

The Queen and Snow White after his bite into the poisonous apple, illustration by Franz Albert Jüttner (1905)

Meanwhile, the evil queen asks her mirror one more time about the most beautiful woman in the kingdom. He reveals to her that Snow White is still alive and is hiding behind the seven mountains in the house of the seven dwarfs.

The queen now disguises herself as a trader three times and offers the girl unrecognized goods with which she wants to steal her life: she ties a lacing strap so tight that Snow White threatens to suffocate, she helps prepare a hair comb and finally the red half of an apple Poison. Every time Snow White lets herself be fooled and beguiled by beautiful things, so that she accepts them and falls down as if dead. The first two times the dwarves can bring Snow White back to life by removing the straps and comb. The third time, they don't find the cause and think the girl is dead.

Because it's so beautiful, they put it in a glass coffin with Snow White's name and title on it, in which it looks as if it was just sleeping. They put the coffin on a mountain, where the animals of the forest mourn the girl and she is always guarded by one of the dwarfs. The evil queen receives the information from her mirror that she is now “the most beautiful”.

Snow White's Redemption and the Queen's Death

Snow White lies in the coffin for a very long time and remains beautiful as ever. One day a prince rides by and falls in love with the apparently dead princess. He asks the dwarfs to give him the coffin with the beautiful king's daughter, as he can no longer live without her sight. Out of pity the dwarfs give him Snow White with a heavy heart. But as the coffin is being carried to its lock, one of the servants stumbles and the coffin falls to the ground. As a result of the impact, the poisonous piece of apple slips out of Snow White's neck. She wakes up and the prince and Snow White have their wedding, to which the evil queen is also invited. Full of curiosity about who the young queen is, whose beauty the mirror told her, she appears, recognizes Snow White and has to dance in red-hot iron slippers until she collapses dead as punishment for her deeds.

Motives and interpretation horizons

Snow White receives the poison comb (1872). Oil painting by Hans Makart

Snow White is a cultural icon. In the fairy tale, contents of the most varied of insights and perceptions are combined. So in Snow White there are aspects of psychology , sociology , history , Christian theology , Greek mythology , cosmology and symbolism . In this concentration of cultural forms of access, Snow White is a source of inspiration for painting , music , sculpture , film , literature and pop culture .

Central symbols and motifs of Snow White are the poisoned apple , the number seven , the dwarfs , the mirror , belt and comb , the contrasting colors black , red and white , blood and winter .

The motif of death-like sleep can also be found in Grimm's Sleeping Beauty .

seven

The magical fairy tale number seven , which is assigned to the dwarfs and the mountains in Snow White, also connects this fairy tale with other fairy tales by the Brothers Grimm: The seven ravens and the wolf and the seven young goats . The idea that the seven number of dwarfs indicates a time order was z. B. in the naming of the dwarfs with weekday names cinematically and theoretically represented. Following this metaphorical meaning of the number seven, seven dwarfs and seven mountains become something that spans time and space. In addition to this, the seven companions of Snow White could also be a visual reference to the ideas of ancient astronomy: the moon accompanied by the (then known) sun, earth and five planets on the ecliptic . The metaphor of the seven dwarfs can also refer to the ancient idea of ​​the coincidence of the order of the stars and the order of time, i.e. the coincidence of the seven heavenly bodies and the seven days of the week: Snow White and the seven dwarfs would thus become an encrypted image for the earth , that of the seven Day of the week celestial bodies sun , moon, Mars , Mercury , Jupiter , Venus and Saturn is accompanied.

Drop of blood

Droplets of blood in the snow next to an ebony frame are the starting point for the special beauty of Snow White in the fairy tale. The three number of drops was chosen by the Brothers Grimm as one variant among others. The image of the three drops of blood on a white background connects Snow White with the Grimm fairy tale The Goose Girl : Here, three drops of blood in a handkerchief next to the horse Fallada are the only pledge for life and respect for the princess. In the Grimm fairy tale The Dearest Roland , three drops of blood from the hostile witch's daughter have a spellbound and saving effect. The threefold blood drop in Snow White also corresponds to the stepmother's three threatening visits, during which she presented the three attributes of Venus in the form of death-bringing gifts .

Further attempts at interpretation

Illustration by Arthur Rackham , 1909

Regarding the erotic level of the fairy tale Snow White, the narrative researcher Lutz Röhrich notes that beauty in fairy tales always corresponds with love, which here only happens in a perverted form. In Grimm's fairy tales, the processes - compared to other versions - are described almost asexually. Heinz Rölleke notes that this tendency will increase in later editions. For Rudolf Meyer , Snow White is man's chaste, incorruptible light nature, who succumbs to the sensual desire. H. Beckh presented the plot as a Christian seasons from Advent mood to Easter. According to the analytical psychology of Carl Gustav Jung , the stepmother in many fairy tales represents the archetype of the shadow or the fasting mother , i.e. the destructive and devouring mother. For a sociological ( structuralist ) interpretation of the fairy tale, see The Stepmother in Science .

Theodor Seifert is based on the image of winter, which contains small, barely perceptible feelings of change as a spiritual low in flakes “like feathers”. The lonely queen in the window frame shows the limited perspective that is interrupted by the unintended dynamism of the prick in the finger, the contrast of blood in snow. A child can always be seen as a new principle in conflict with the old one. According to the name Snow White, it should only be pure and innocent, thus denying the red and black. (The old state is restored in the new queen, who reflects herself narcissistically). Just as hunters communicate with animals, he mediates between the queen and the misunderstood child, who is therefore equated with an animal. Personal change succeeds in painstaking detail work, in contrast to the shine at court, Snow White now lives in secret. The apple, whose red and white color repeats the entrance scene, can represent a relationship in which vanity poisons life. According to Eugen Drewermann , the spitting out of the apple is the final liberation of the immature fixation from the oral stage. The inaccessibility, but clarity of the glass coffin, as an image of development or relationship on ice, in a narcissistic display of one's own suffering, calls for redemption. The prince is like the self that revives the disturbed relationship with the unconscious. The queen represents not lived individuation against a better idea, which is why only fear remains in the end. Their coolness meets fiery heat, so cruelty continues. Homeopaths compared parts of the fairy tale with Silica , Cuprum , Agaricus and Lachesis , respectively . A psychiatrist understands it in the context of dangerous sleeping pills. Wilhelm Salber analyzes the reflection in fairy tales in terms of its psychological morphology as a symbol of necessary breaks in human action. For Regina Kämmerer , the queen's glowing iron shoes are the echo of her glowing hatred with an iron will, "... and when it costs my own life" - the absolute fairness of the fairy tale. The psychotherapist Jobst Finke mentions the fairy tale motif of death sleep as a possible metaphor for the constrictions in severe depression . The seven dwarfs who come home from work in the evenings and to whom she runs the household could be the fatherly side, to whom the daughter flees, or the caring side of the envious mother. Such a girl could become anorexic so as not to rival her mother as a woman. Eugen Drewermann shows the three animals accompanying Snow White with the three properties that are supposed to convey wisdom beyond human limits - the owl stands for wisdom, the raven for caution and the dove for kindness.

material

Illustration by Otto Ubbelohde , 1906–1909

The material of the fairy tale Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs is shaped by the plasticity that can develop from a long, multicultural, oral as well as written narrative tradition. When the Brothers Grimm began to find a form for Snow White with their collection of fairy tales in the 19th century, a similar version by Ludwig Bechstein and a different version by Johann Karl August Musäus were also available in book form .

Genesis of the Grimm version

Illustration by Otto Ubbelohde , 1906–1909

The Brothers Grimm have put together several versions of the fairy tale and combined the wording and thus partly shortened it. In the first edition of 1812, the queen is the birth mother. Snow White wakes up when a servant of the prince gives her a slap in the back, out of anger that he has to carry the dead girl around all day. In addition, there are many minor differences, such as the girl's red cheeks, which have been specifically mentioned, or the meal with the prince.

In two unpublished versions, the queen lets the child get out on a carriage ride in the forest to have roses picked or to pick up her glove, and then drives away (similar to Hansel and Gretel ). In one version it is the father who wants the girl when they drive past three piles of snow, three pits full of blood and three ravens. The origin of the Grimm versions is assumed to be Marie Hassenpflug , as well as influences from Ferdinand Siebert and Albert Ludewig Grimm (in Des Knaben Wunderhorn , 1809). The initiation of the Snow White fairy tale by the drops of blood from the real mother corresponds to the North German fairy tale Vom Machandelbaum after the painter Philipp Otto Runge .

According to Kavan, the fairy tale is divided into two parts, each ending with a change of location and a change in the heroine's life situation. A part can be missing, often the wonderful conception at the beginning, or a third part follows with further persecutions of the woman who has recently given birth or accusations that she gave birth to animals. The main theme is Snow White's moving beauty. The fairy tale is documented all over Europe, but also in Africa, Arabia, the Caucasus and Turkey, and occasionally with Yakuts and Mongols. The oldest evidence is Musäus ' story Richilde . Derivation from antiquity is not convincing, and Shakespeare's drama Cymbeline or Basile's fairy tale La schiavottella only have individual motifs. The wake at the beloved meets with King Harald Fairhair , Charlemagne with his wife Fastrada and Marie de Frances Lai Eliduc .

Variations

Illustration by Otto Ubbelohde , 1906–1909
Illustration by Otto Ubbelohde , 1906–1909

Another literary variant of the material before Grimm's version was Richilde by Johann Karl August Musäus (1782). In 1845, Ludwig Bechstein included a version that differed only slightly from Grimm's story as Snow White in his German book of fairy tales .

Oral traditions can be traced early on in almost all peoples of Europe . The "seven dwarfs" belong to a Hessian variant. There were often seven robbers , but also dragons or giants . The fairy tale was particularly widespread in Italy ; there the drops of blood fall onto marble or cheese .

The motive to commission the murder of one's own child in the wilderness and to demand organs as evidence, whereupon the hired murderer kills animals instead, also appears in the Arabian Nights (224th Nights).

In terms of poetry and motifs, some narrative variants of Snow White are remarkable: the Greek fairy tale Myrsina in the collection of Georgios A. Megas , the Italian fairy tale Bella Venezia , published by Italo Calvino , the Scottish fairy tale Gold Tree and Silver Tree , narrated by Joseph Jacobs , the Armenian fairy tale Nourie Hadig , collected by Susie Hoogasian-Villa , the Russian magic fairy tale The Magic Mirror from the collection of Alexander Afanassjew and the Italian fairy tale The Kitchen Maid by Giambattista Basile . In a peculiar ambivalence between Snow White motifs on the one hand and fairytale motifs from The Seven Ravens and Andersen's art fairy tale The Twelve Swans on the other, a Norwegian fairy tale moves: The twelve wild ducks in the fairy tale collection of Peter Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe . Cf. in Giambattista Basiles Pentameron II, 8 The little slave , IV, 9 The raven , V, 9 The three lemons .

reception

Albert Ludwig Grimm wrote a dramatization (1809). Bechstein's Snow White in German Fairy Tale Book adheres to Grimm's composure. Ludwig Aurbacher published a short form nested in another fairy tale. Puškin's version of the Tale of the Dead Tsar's Daughter and the Seven Warriors (1833) is said to be partly dependent on Grimm.

Pushkin

Alexander Pushkin wrote a fairy tale in verse form as early as the 1820s under the title The fairy tale of the dead princess and the seven warriors , often also called the lifeless / dead princess for short . This version basically tells the entire fairy tale, but with numerous differences from Grimm's version:

  • Snow White is not referred to as such, but is a nameless princess
  • Instead of seven dwarfs, she fled to seven knights. There the episodes with the laced bodice and the poisoned comb are missing. The knights go hunting instead of going to a mine and would like to marry the girl themselves, but are satisfied with their friendship
  • In the forest the girl is said to be killed by a maid instead of a hunter; the assassination attempt in the house of knights is carried out by her on behalf of the queen as reparation for her betrayal at the first murder assignment
  • The heroine is already engaged to the prince, who saves her in the end, from the time in the royal palace
  • The wicked queen dies of grief not to be the most beautiful again

Ernst Ludwig Rochholz

Ernst Ludwig Rochholz published a short story in 1856 under the title The Death of the Seven Dwarfs . A peasant girl stays with seven dwarfs who are arguing about who can take her to bed. When another farmer's wife wants to come in, the girl sends her away. The farmer's wife scolds and comes back with two men who kill the dwarfs.

Walser and Holliger

In his Snow White story, published in 1901 in Die Insel , Robert Walser tells a Snow White story that takes place after the end of the fairy tale story and at the center of which is universal forgiveness, which becomes the only possibility, the opaque evil of the stepmother or the lack of understanding and protection by the To meet father. The work was set to music by Heinz Holliger in the opera Schneewittchen . At its world premiere at the Zurich Opera House (commissioned in 1998) Juliane Banse sang Snow White, Cornelia Kallisch the Queen and Steve Davislim the Prince.

Babbitt, Lefler, Nielsen, Rackham and Stokes

Snow White sculpture by Ignatius Taschner at the Berlin Fairy Tale Fountain in Volkspark Friedrichshain , 1913

Snow White is an inexhaustible source of inspiration in the fine arts: Marianne Stokes designed the theme of death in a pictorial landscape format around 1880: Snow White in a white glass coffin . In her picture she refers formally to the fairytale colors black , white and red . In the Viennese Art Nouveau around 1900, Heinrich Lefler and Joseph Urban developed a form of fairy tale illustration similar to the comic for the series Bilderbogen für Schule und Haus : In 1905 Lefler combined eight important scenes of the Snow White fairy tale in a single picture with the connecting structure of one ornamental framing. In 1909 Arthur Rackham depicts the leitmotif fairytale scene in which the returning dwarfs find the unconscious Snow White. Rackham's colored illustration with organic, gnarled Art Nouveau lines adequately analyzes the drama of the situation. In 1925, Kay Nielsen immersed Snow White's apparent death in a surreal snow world of flowing forms and pale colors of the midnight sun. The Snow White mural by the comic artist Dinah Gottliebova Babbitt from 1942 has an ideal key meaning .

Further adaptations

With Robert Walser , the characters deny the fairy tale facts (1901) in retrospect. Donald Barthelmes Snow White runs seven window cleaners in Manhattan (1967). In Michael Kume's poem Snow White from 1975, it has no desire to do the housekeeping for the prince like the dwarves (she said: "... This is over for me. I'm going now, my dear ..."), and waits for modern people. In 1972 Iring Fetscher's satirical parody , the “fairy tale confusion book” with an ironic-sexual psychological reference to an incest problem, interprets Snow White as a Marxist-oriented class fighter who has not joined dwarfs but a bearded partisan collective. The mirror becomes the royal secret police and after the successful storming of the castle, Snow White later contributed a lot to the emancipation of women. The Lesser Evil , a short story from the book The Last Wish and part of the Geralt saga by the Polish author Andrzej Sapkowski , is a grim parody of the Snow White material. Johann Friedrich Konrad lets the dead stepmother tell other witches how the spoiled child does in front of the father, and in the boys' home behind the Siebengebirge as a murderess. Irmgard Stepphuhn's poem makes Snow White freeze in a glass coffin. Katja Viehmann faked a letter from the head of the sanatorium to her stepmother, which depicts every plot of action as part of Snow White's delusional disorder, that it is often in someone else's bed, which small caregivers could interpret as a personal affection, so it now has a glass room where it is thought to be dead - a conflict of succession to the throne is suggested. Julia Veihelmann and Werner Heiduczek wrote parodies. A manga appeared in 2009 by Kei Ishiyama in Grimms Manga (Volume 2), Snow White also appears in Kaori Yuki's Ludwig Revolution from 1999 (Volume 1). In Karen Duve's Dwarf Idyll , the dwarf tells how he made himself sick from shift to rape Snow White while cleaning. It is then passed on from the prince to the groom, and when it needs somewhere to stay again it now knows what to expect of it. Marissa Meyer retells the fairy tale ( Winter , 2015).

Statements by the Brothers Grimm suggest that Snow White was one of the most famous fairy tales even in her day. The queen's mirror verse is particularly popular. So sing Tic Tac Toe in the song I find you shit (1995) about a self-enamored person: "Mirror, mirror on the wall - who is the prettiest, smartest, best here in the whole country?" In Juli Zeh's novel Spieltrieb (2004) the alienated, almost frozen woman compared to Snow White. In Haruki Murakami's novel The Pilgrim Years of Colorless Mr Tazaki , a girl in paranoia like Snow White is who puts others in the role of the seven dwarfs. Nele Neuhaus wrote a thriller Snow White Must Die , which was also made into a film.

toy

The world of toys and design for children has a wide range of receptions for Snow White: The following have met with great response: The Snow White group from Playmobil , the Snow White Barbie in a yellow and blue Disney costume and long black hair, the hand-carved wooden figure group Snow White and the seven dwarfs with the softly carved curves of the Ostheimer figures and also the finger puppets of Snow White and the seven dwarfs by Käthe Kruse . The detailed Snow White house in the fairytale forest in Altenberg is also extremely popular .

Bizarre

The post-war Messerschmitt cabin scooter with its plexiglass dome that can be folded down to the side, the Braun SK 5 radio record player and the Volvo P1800 ES , built in the 1970s, were called the Snow White Coffin because of their appearance . Snøhvit or Snow White is also the name of a natural gas field in the Barents Sea .

Names

In 1958, a rose from the company W. Kordes' Sons was named after Snow White in the Rosarium in Uetersen : The rose 'Snow White' is white and some forms of it are pink on the edge of the petal or in the core.

Historical reference

Several cities and regions in Germany see a concrete historical origin of the fairy tale in their respective area.

Snow White near Alfeld

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

The origin of the fairy tale in terms of content is presumed to be in southern Lower Saxony in the Seven Mountains , a ridge in the Leinebergland where the Grimms wandered to have fairy tales told. If you take the ridge as a geographical reference, you will find the mining town of Osterwald to the northwest of it , the possible workplace of the 'seven dwarfs'. A hard coal mine ( Hüttenstollen Osterwald ) had been operated there since the 16th century . Glass production, which would have made it possible to build a glass coffin, existed nearby through the Lauensteiner Glas. If you extend the line from Osterwald over the Seven Mountains near Alfeld , you come to the ruins of the Stauffenburg , where the 'wicked stepmother' lived. In 2002, the citizens of Alfeld , which is located on the Leine immediately southwest of the Seven Mountains, designated a Snow White Trail in it.

There is evidence that the Brothers Grimm never wandered around this area collecting fairy tales. The only fairy tale from the Alfeld area that actually found its way into the children's and household tales of the Brothers Grimm is Das Waldhaus , which Karl Goedecke recorded in Delligsen .

Snow White near Kassel

The half-timbered house in Berg Freiheit , built in 1736 and declared as the “Snow White House”

Due to the strong influence of the Kassler storyteller Marie Hassenpflug on the Brothers Grimm, a Hessian origin can be justified. The Hessian local historian Eckhard Sander sees as the basis for the fairytale and the young princess the fate of the Waldecker count's daughter Margaretha von Waldeck . According to documents in the Bad Wildungen town archive , she was widely known for her great beauty and had a strict stepmother. When she was around 16 years old, her father, Count Philipp IV von Waldeck, sent her to the imperial court of Brabant in what is now Brussels . In this way she was to be married to a prince. Margaretha traveled over the Siebengebirge . But difficulties arose when several high-ranking personalities such as Count Egmont and the heir to the throne (later Philip II) tried to get Margaretha. Her health deteriorated noticeably. Eventually she died on March 13, 1554 at the age of 21. In the home chronicle of Waldeck you can find the note that she was poisoned. Arsenic poisoning - the most widely used murder poison since late antiquity - would also explain the shaky writing of her will. The place of residence of the seven dwarfs is said to have been in the mining village Berg Freiheit , which is now called Snow White Village. The fact that Margaretha was blonde doesn't bother: In an earlier version by the Brothers Grimm from 1808, Snow White's hair is still “yellow” (see also the oil painting by Hans Makart above in the article).

Snow White in Central Hesse

In the small central Hessian village of Langenbach im Taunus , you can also find historical clues about Snow White and the seven dwarfs, which are supported in particular by local events as well as old field and district names. The place is on Hessenstraße , the same historical main road as the place of study of the Brothers Grimm Marburg . Mining used to be practiced in the village itself, in the valley floor there is the ancient name of the district "Im Zwerggrund" with a built-in flat plateau on the edge of the forest, where a hut must have stood in earlier times. In older versions of the fairy tale (some of which are still in use in Austria today) there is also no mention of a glass coffin, but a glass mountain . The Glasberg symbolized a place of death in pagan times. Not far from the Zwerggrund, a stone's throw away, as it were, this mountain of glass still lies today.

Snow White in Lohr am Main

In 1985/1986, the pharmacist and pharmaceutical historian Karl Heinz Bartels and his two regulars, the museum director Werner Loibl and the master shoemaker Helmuth Walch, noticed that the fairy tale contained reference points to their hometown Lohr am Main and its surroundings in the Spessart . Bartels then jokingly put forward the thesis that if there was a historical role model for Snow White, it must have been a Lohrerin. He underpinned these considerations in his publication Snow White - On the Fabulology of the Spessart with so-called "scientific methods of Fabulology": Everything had to be substantiated with historical facts and precisely located. The city integrated this idea into its tourism concept by starting to advertise Lohr as the “ Snow White City ”.

According to Bartels research, Snow White's role model is Maria Sophia Margaretha Catharina von Erthal, born in Lohr in 1725, who died shortly before the Grimm brothers wrote the fairy tale for the first time. Her father, Philipp Christoph von und zu Erthal , was electoral Mainz bailiff in Lohr from 1719–1748 and traveled a lot as an envoy for the archbishopric. In this function he associated with emperors and kings all over Europe, which would have made the von Erthals look like a royal family to the Lohrers. Because of her praiseworthy qualities, Maria Sophia was also transfigured by them into a fairytale-like ideal of a king's child.

The family seat was the castle in Lohr . After the death of Maria Sophia's biological mother in 1738, the father married Claudia Elisabeth Maria, widowed von Venningen, born in 1743. Imperial Countess von Reichenstein (the mother of the Electoral Palatinate District President Carl Philipp von Venningen ). She was addicted to domination and used her position - Philipp Christoph was only rarely in Lohr - to the advantage of her children from her first marriage. The frequent absence of the father due to his many trips abroad could explain the "strangely inactive" role of the king in the fairy tale, which Theodor Ruf states.

As the most important indicator that Snow White was a Lohrerin, Bartels names the 'Talking Mirror', which is exhibited in the Spessart Museum in Lohr Castle . It is a product from the Kurmainzische Spiegelmanufaktur in Lohr, which, as a state-owned company, was under the supervision of Philipp Christoph von und zu Erthal. The mirror was probably a gift from him to his second wife Claudia and, like most Lohrer mirrors, 'speaks' through its sayings . The upper right corner contains a reference to self-love ("Amour Propre"), which Bartels associates with the stepmother's vanity in the fairy tale.

The “wild forest” in which Snow White was abandoned could describe the Spessart, while Snow White's escape route “over the seven mountains” might be an old high-altitude path - the so-called “ Wiesener Straße”. From Lohr it was possible to get to the mines near Bieber via seven Spessart mountains precisely located by the fabulologists . The “seven dwarfs who hacked and dug for ore” could have been small miners or children who worked in the mines. The “transparent coffin made of glass” and the “iron slippers” in which the stepmother had to dance could have been made in the glass works or iron hammers of the Spessart.

music

Opera, song, ballet

Nursery rhymes

These songs based on rhymes have been passed down orally, by mostly anonymous authors and can rarely be dated:

  • You know, Snow White / the little princess / would like to be in the little room / with the dwarfs ...
  • Snow White (Singspiel) - An evil queen asks her mirror quietly: / "Say whether I am the most beautiful, / Mirror true and wise."
  • Snow White (sage and phrase Gerhard Winterthur) - The queen was proud and beautiful. / She went to a mirror. / You mirror, mirror on the wall, / who is the most beautiful woman in the country?

various

In 1969 the Swedish singer Agnetha Fältskog released a single entitled Snövit och de sju dvärgarna ( Eng : Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs). In 1980 the singer Gaby Rückert released the album contact , which also contained a single entitled Schneewittchen hat's gut . In 2000 Frank Nimsgern used the Snow White motif in his musical SnoWhite . In 2001 the German rock band Rammstein released a music video for the title Sonne with striking Snow White allusions and ironic references to the Disney film adaptation of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs . In 2003, the German-Austrian band Chamber released the parodic song The Truth About Snow-White on the album Ghost Stories and Fairy-Tales . In 2005 Roland Zoss composed the Swiss dialect fairy tale series Liedermärli for Snow White . In 2005, the German medieval rock band Feuerschwanz released the song Snow White on their album Prima Nocte . They satirize the fairy tale, for example with references to the prince's necrophilia, sexual favors Snow White to the dwarfs, and their status as a "sex symbol". In 2010 the Japanese band Sound Horizon released their seventh story CD under the title Fairy Tales . The fourth song, Garasu no Hitsugi de Nemuru Himegimi ( 硝 子 の 棺 で 眠 る 姫 君 , in English: “The princess sleeping in the glass coffin”) tells the story of Snow White with the focus on the mortal sin of envy. Also Faun sings Mirror, Mirror .

Films and TV series (selection)

There are numerous film adaptations of Snow White, including fairy tale films , cartoons , but sometimes also parodies :

Various actresses have given the role of Snow White over the years a cinematic shape: Marguerite Clark (1916); Aimee Ehrlich (1916); Elsie Albert (1917); Elke Arendt (1955); Doris Weikow (1961); Zeynep Değirmencioğlu (1970); Maresa Hörbiger (1971); Irina Ivanovna Alfjorova (1978); Elizabeth McGovern (1984); Sarah Patterson linked with Nicola Stapleton as a child (1987); Natalie Minko (1992); Anne Tismer (1996); Monica Keena married Taryn Davis as a child (1997); Marina Aleksandrova (1998); Kristin Kreuk (2001); Cosma Shiva Hagen (2004); Amanda Bynes (2007); Laura Berlin (2009); Ginnifer Goodwin linked to Bailee Madison as a child (2011–?); Lily Collins (2012, Mirror Mirror); Kristen Stewart linked up with Raffey Cassidy as a child (2012, Huntsman). In 2019 Tijan Marei played the leading role.

literature

Primary literature

Secondary literature

  • Karlheinz Bartels: Snow White - On the Fabulology of the Spessart . 2nd edition (supplemented new edition), published by Geschichts- und Museumsverein Lohr a. Main, Lohr a. Main 2012, ISBN 978-3-934128-40-8 .
  • JF Grant Duff: Snow White - Attempt at a Psychoanalytic Interpretation . In: Wilhelm Laiblin (Ed.): Fairy tale research and depth psychology. Darmstadt 1969, pp. 88-99. (First published in: Imago, Zeitschrift für Psychoanalytische Psychologie, their border areas and applications. XX. Volume. 1934, pp. 95-103).
  • Heinz-Albert Heindrichs and Ursula Heindrichs (eds.): The time in fairy tales. Commissioned by the European Fairy Tale Society, Kassel 1989, ISBN 978-3-87680-354-8 .
  • Mathias Jung: Snow White - The mother-daughter conflict. A depth psychological interpretation . 2003, ISBN 978-3-89189-104-9 .
  • Wulf Köhn: Beware of fairy tales! - How Snow White came to Alfeld. 2002, ISBN 978-3-935928-03-8 .
  • Theodor Ruf: Snow White as it really was: the beauty from the glass coffin. Snow White's real and fairytale life. Königshausen and Neumann, Würzburg 1995.
  • Eckhard Sander: Snow White, Fairy Tale or Truth, a local reference to the Kellerwald . Wartberg Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 1994, ISBN 3-86134-163-8 .
  • Wolfdietrich Siegmund: Ancient myth in our fairy tales . Commissioned by the European Fairy Tale Society, Kassel 1984, ISBN 978-3-87680-335-7 .
  • Bernhard Lauer: Who owns “Snow White”? A contribution to the localization of fairy tale materials and the formation of stereotypes . In: Between Identity and Image. The popularity of the Brothers Grimm and their fairy tales in Hessen . Hessian sheets for people and culture research (NF) 44-45, Jonas-Verlag, Marburg 2009, pp. 390-425.

Web links

Commons : Snow White  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Snow White  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
Wikisource: Snow White  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Brothers Grimm: Sneewittchen (1857) on Wikisource .
  2. ^ Brothers Grimm: Snow White. In: Project Gutenberg-DE. SPON , accessed September 28, 2012 .
  3. ^ Brothers Grimm: Snow White. In: Project Gutenberg-DE. SPON , accessed April 22, 2012 . In the last edition of the Brothers Grimm from 1857 the quote is: "If I had a child as white as snow, as red as blood, and as black as the wood on the frame." ( Sneewittchen (1857) on Wikisource ).
  4. ↑ The white is not explicitly mentioned as the skin color, see: "Soon afterwards she had a daughter who was as white as snow, as red as blood, and as black-haired as ebony, and was therefore called the Snow White (Snow White)." (Brothers Grimm: Children's and House Fairy Tales Volume 1 (1857). Göttingen 1857, p. 264.); "They wanted to bury it there, but it still looked as fresh as a living person and still had its beautiful red cheeks." (Ibid., P. 271.)
  5. ↑ This situation is reflected in the fairy tale versions of Goldilocks and the Three Bears - An old woman, in versions since Joseph Cundall a little girl (Goldilocks), comes here, like Snow White, in a lonely forest house and nibbles from the different sized bowls, tried all chairs and beds. Snow White's way of trying things out still has the ethical background of fair sharing, an aspect that does not play a role in Goldilocks' spontaneous childlike approach and is also missing in the behavior of the old, malicious woman who is only driven by greed. The house is not inhabited by seven dwarfs, but by three bears.
  6. ↑ Caroline Thompson: Snow White 2001, with Miranda Richardson and Kristin Kreuk, here the imagery of the seven dwarfs and the seven days of the week is expanded to include the motif of the seven colors of the rainbow
  7. ^ Robert Ranke-Graves: The white goddess - language of myth , pp. 306–321 and p. 339, Reinbek bei Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-499-55416-X
  8. ↑ This consideration is also shared and expanded by Hedwig von Beit . (Cf. Hedwig von Beit: Symbolik des Märchen . Bern 1952, p. 259) She also connects - less plausibly - various other things with the magical seven number of dwarfs: emergence of Soul at the seventh laugh of the primordial god, seven metals, seven vowels, seven tones and the number seven as a spiritual bridge to change and to spiritual stability in the symbol of the rounded number - eight .
  9. ↑ Another indication that the seven dwarfs behind the seven mountains mean a temporal size is offered by some Snow White variants : In the Greek fairy tale Myrsina , Snow White flees to twelve brothers who represent the twelve months; Myrsina metaphorically plays the thirteenth month of the lunar year as the little sister of the twelve brothers who embody the months of the solar year. In the Armenian fairy tale Nourie Hadig , Nourie does not come to seven dwarfs, but to a house with seven rooms; In the last room she finds a comatose prince who sleeps seven years and is looked after by Nourie.
  10. ^ Robert Ranke-Graves: The white goddess - language of myth , p. 474, Reinbek bei Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-499-55416-X
  11. ↑ Lutz Röhrich: ... and if they haven't died ..., anthropology, cultural history and the interpretation of fairy tales. Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2002, ISBN 3-412-11201-1
  12. ↑ Tomi Ungerer : Tomi Ungerer's stories for adults. , Munich 192, ISBN 3-453-05598-5
  13. ^ Rudolf Meyer: The wisdom of German folk tales. Urachhaus, Stuttgart 1963, pp. 217, 221-222.
  14. ↑ Eugen Drewermann : Snow White: Fairy Tales No. 53 from the Grimm collection . In the series Grimms Märchen depth psychologically interpreted, Zurich 1998. ISBN 3-530-40021-1
  15. ↑ Drewermann, Eugen: Landscapes of the Soul or How we man and woman are interpreted Grimm's fairy tales in terms of depth psychology, Patmos Verlag, 2015, p. 158
  16. ^ Theodor Seifert: Snow White. The almost lost life. 8th edition. Kreuz, Zurich 1992, ISBN 3-268-00009-6 (first 1983; series Weisheit im Märchen ).
  17. ↑ Herbert Pfeiffer: The environment of the small child and his medicine. In: Uwe Reuter, Ralf Oettmeier (Hrsg.): The interaction of homeopathy and the environment. 146th Annual Meeting of the German Central Association of Homeopathic Doctors. Erfurt 1995, pp. 46-64.
  18. ^ Bernhard Schmid: Cuprum metallicum. "Mirror, mirror on the wall ..." In: Documenta Homoeopathica. Volume 16. Wilhelm Maudrich Verlag, Vienna / Munich / Bern 1996, pp. 107–114.
  19. ^ Martin Bomhardt: Symbolic Materia Medica. 3. Edition. Verlag Homeopathie + Symbol, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-9804662-3-X , pp. 53, 512, 1235.
  20. ↑ Wolfgang Barck: Homeopathic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. 2nd Edition. Basics and Practice, Leer 2013, ISBN 978-3-937268-38-5 , pp. 144–147.
  21. ↑ X. Pommereau, JM Delile, E. Caule: Hypnotic overdoses and fairy tales: Snow White and the uses of disenchantment. In: Suicide & life-threatening behavior. Volume 17, Number 4, 1987, pp. 326-334, PMID 3424400 .
  22. ^ Wilhelm Salber: fairy tale analysis (= work edition Wilhelm Salber. Volume 12). 2nd Edition. Bouvier, Bonn 1999, ISBN 3-416-02899-6 , pp. 72-76.
  23. ↑ Regina Kämmerer: Fairy tales for a successful life. KVC-Verlag, Essen 2013, pp. 129–130.
  24. ^ Jobst Finke: Dreams, Fairy Tales, Imaginations. Person-centered psychotherapy and counseling with images and symbols. Reinhardt, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-497-02371-4 , pp. 154, 157, 193, 198-199, 208-209.
  25. ↑ Drewermann, Eugen: Landscapes of the Soul or How we man and woman are interpreted Grimm's fairy tales in terms of depth psychology, Patmos Verlag, 2015, p. 144
  26. ^ Ernst Böklen: Sneewittchenstudien 1 and 2; - seventy-five variants in the narrow sense; Leipzig 1910.
  27. ↑ Heinz Rölleke (ed.): The oldest fairy tale collection of the Brothers Grimm. Synopsis of the handwritten original version from 1810 and the first prints from 1812. Fondation Martin Bodmer, Cologny-Geneve 1975, pp. 244–265.
  28. ↑ In comparison, The Seven Ravens
  29. ↑ Christine Shojaei Kawan: Snow White. In: Encyclopedia of Fairy Tales. Volume 12. de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-019936-9 , pp. 129-140.
  30. ^ Johann Karl August Musäus : Deutsche Volksmärchen, therein: Richilde, pp. 75–117; Complete edition based on the text of the first edition from 1782 to 1786 with the illustrations by Ludwig Richter , A. Schrödter , R. Jordan and G. Osterwald for the edition from 1842. Düsseldorf 2003, ISBN 3-491-96089-4 .
  31. ↑ Lutz Roehrich: ... and if they haven't died
  32. ↑ Georgios A. Megas: Greek folk tales transferred by Inez Diller, pp. 39–45, Vienna 1965.
  33. ↑ Italo Calvino: The bride who lived on air and other Italian fairy tales from the Italian by Burkhart Kroeber. With an introduction by Paul-Wolfgang Wührl. Vignettes by Susanne Janssen, Frankfurt am Main 1994, ISBN 3-7632-4234-1
  34. ↑ Joseph Jacobs: English fairy tales / Englische Märchen translated by Helga and Kristof Wachinger, Helga and Kristof, Munich 1988, ISBN 3-423-09008-1
  35. ↑ Susie Hoogasian-Villa: 100 Armenian Tales collected and edited by Susie Hoogasian-Villa, pp. 84-91, Detroit 1966
  36. ↑ Alexander Afanassjew: The gold-maned horse - Russian magic fairy tale , translated by Barbara Heitkam u. Marlene Milack, Ed. Franziska Martynowa with illustrations by Iwan Bilibin , Leipzig 1988, pp. 198–208, ISBN 3-379-00256-9
  37. ↑ Giambattista Basile: Italian fairy tales - The Pentamerone . Edited by Walter Boehlich, pp. 247-254, Frankfurt am Main 1982, ISBN 3-86150-140-6
  38. ^ Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, Jørgen Moe: Norwegian fairy tales from Norwegian by Friedrich Bresemann, pp. 161-168, Nördlingen 1985, ISBN 3-921568-29-3
  39. ↑ Christine Shojaei Kawan: Snow White. In: Encyclopedia of Fairy Tales. Volume 12. de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-019936-9 , pp. 129-140.
  40. ↑ The fairy tale in verses by Pushkin refers in the motifs to the Polish Snow White variant , collected by AJ Gliński in Baśni powiesci i gawędy ludowe 1–4 , Wilna 1862 No. 7 vol. 1: From the speaking mirror and the princess plunged into sleep ( O zwierciadełku gadającem io uśpionej królewnie ): cf. on this Ernst Böklen: Sneewittchenstudien - first part , Leipzig 1910 p. 53f.
  41. ↑ Märchenbasar.de
  42. ↑ surlalunefairytales.com - The site offers extensive information on the implementation of the Snow White stuff in crime and fiction under adaptations on SurlaLuneFairytales.de - u. a. Tanith Lee's stories, also translated into German : red like blood or white like snow .
  43. ↑ Ernst Böklen: Sneewittchenstudien - 82 variants in the narrower sense - relationship to next related types - mixed forms - relationship overview . Leipzig 1915; published in Mythological Library (edited by the Society for Comparative Myth Research, Volume III, Volume 2 and Volume VI, Volume 3); Rochholz ' The Death of the Seven Dwarfs in short version in Böklen p. 174 - Rochholz' Snow White thriller also appears in Lutz Rörich: ... and if they haven't died ..., anthropology, cultural history and the interpretation of fairy tales. Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2002, ISBN 3-412-11201-1 .
  44. ↑ Figure on this page
  45. ↑ In the original from the Wallraf-Richartz-Museum in Cologne, the light green cast of the Snow White picture by Marianne Stokes, which is visible in the picture here, is not present.
  46. ↑ Only the image from the middle field is shown here. Urban and Lefler seem to have developed this image together.
  47. ↑ And another illustration of the Lefler picture of Snow White with all image fields.
  48. ↑ Arthur Rackham (1867-1939) in The Fairy Tales of the Brothers Grimm . Translated into English by Edgar Lucas, Constable & Company, London 1909. surlalunefairytales.com
  49. ↑ Kay Nielsen (1886–1957) in Hansel and Gretel and Other Stories by the Brothers Grimm . Hodder and Stoughton, London 1925. surlalunefairytales.com .
  50. ↑ Dinah Gottliebova Babbit (1923–2009) (also Dina Babbitt - e.g. in the English Wikipedia) survived with the help of this Snow White picture: Due to her talent manifested in the Snow White picture, she was forced to paint victims in the camp. sueddeutsche.de
  51. ↑ Christine Shojaei Kawan: Snow White. In: Encyclopedia of Fairy Tales. Volume 12. de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-019936-9 , pp. 129-140.
  52. ↑ Michael Kumpe: Snow White. In: Texts and materials for teaching. Grimm's fairy tales - modern. Prose, poems, caricatures. Reclam, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-15-015065-8 , p. 20.
  53. ↑ Iring Fetscher: Who kissed Sleeping Beauty awake? The fairy tale confusion book. with the original Grimm fairy tales and 13 collages by Helga Ruppert-Tribian, Claassen Verlag, Hamburg / Düsseldorf 1972, 218 pages, ISBN 3-546-42723-8
  54. ^ Johann Friedrich Konrad: Snow White's mother tells. In: Texts and materials for teaching. Grimm's fairy tales - modern. Prose, poems, caricatures. Reclam, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-15-015065-8 , pp. 21-25.
  55. ↑ Irmgard Stepphuhn: Snow White. In: Texts and materials for teaching. Grimm's fairy tales - modern. Prose, poems, caricatures. Reclam, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-15-015065-8 , pp. 25-26.
  56. ↑ Katja Viehmann: Snow White in the Sanatorium. In: Texts and materials for teaching. Grimm's fairy tales - modern. Prose, poems, caricatures. Reclam, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-15-015065-8 , pp. 26-30.
  57. ↑ Julia Veihelmann: abyss . Werner Heiduczek: The sad story of Snow White. In: Die Horen . Vol. 1/52, No. 225, 2007, ISSN  0018-4942 , pp. 11-12, 69-75.
  58. ↑ Karen Duve: Grrrimm. Goldmann, Munich 2014, ISBN 978-3-442-47967-2 , pp. 7–32.
  59. ↑ Christine Shojaei Kawan: Snow White. In: Encyclopedia of Fairy Tales. Volume 12. de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-019936-9 , p. 134.
  60. ↑ The fairytale forest. maerchenwald-altenberg.de, accessed on November 19, 2019 .
  61. ↑ Kirsten Hoehne [book, director] and Claudia Moroni [book]: Snow White and the Murder in Brussels . ZDF 2005. (= fairy tales and legends - messages from reality , part 1).
  62. ↑ Snow White died in Langenbach
  63. ↑ Fairy Tale Lexicon
  64. ^ Karlheinz Bartels: Schneewittchen, Zur Fabulologie des Spessarts . 2nd edition (supplemented new edition), published by Geschichts- und Museumsverein Lohr a. Main, Lohr a. Main 2012, ISBN 978-3-934128-40-8 . - Wolfgang Vorwerk: The "Lohrer Schneewittchen": On the fabulology of a fairy tale. (PDF) September 2015, accessed on October 28, 2016 . - Lohr & Snow White. In: lohr.de. Retrieved October 28, 2016 .
  65. ^ Lohr & Snow White. In: lohr.de. Retrieved November 9, 2019 . - Snow White - a Lohrerin? In: spessartmuseum.de. Retrieved November 14, 2014 . - Johannes Ungemach: Fairy Tale Route not an attractive destination. In: mainpost.de. February 25, 2014, accessed November 14, 2014 .
  66. ↑ Mirjam Uhrich: Where the real Snow White lived - and died. Maria Sophia von Erthal from Lohr am Main is historically the role model for the fairy tale character of the Brothers Grimm. In: Neues Deutschland from August 22, 2019, p. 14
  67. ↑ See Bartels, Schneewittchen (FN 58), pp. 49 and 59; There, however, the incorrect year of birth 1729 was given. For the correct year of birth 1725 see Diözesanarchiv Würzburg, Official Books from Parishes 3030, Fiche 16, p. 166.
  68. ↑ Werner Loibl: The father of the prince-bishop Erthals - Philipp Christoph von und zu Erthal (1689-1748) . Publications of the history and art association Aschaffenburg eV, edited by Heinrich Fußbahn. Volume 64. Aschaffenburg 2016. ISBN 978-3-87965-126-9 . For the question of official or senior official s. Günter Christ: Lohr am Main. The former county. Edited by the Commission for Bavarian State History at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences. Laßleben, Kallmünz 2007, ISBN 978-3-7696-6854-4 (= Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Part Franconia. Series 1, Volume 34), pp. 182/183.
  69. ↑ Werner Loibl: The battle near Dettingen according to Mainz contemporary witnesses . Reprint from: The Battle of Dettingen 1743 , articles on the 250th anniversary, Geschichts- und Kunstverein Aschaffenburg e. V., Aschaffenburg 1993, p. 92, footnote 19.
  70. ↑ See the letter from "Frey Froue von Ehrtal bored Countess von Reichenstein" of December 9, 1743. Source: Hessisches Staatsarchiv Marburg, Imperial Knighthood Canton Rhön-Werra, inventory 109/241; explained by Werner Loibl: Snow White's imperious stepmother . In: Lohrer Echo, August 28, 1992.
  71. ↑ Theodor Ruf: The beauty from the glass coffin . Würzburg 1995, ISBN 3-88479-967-3 , p. 66.
  72. ↑ Bartels, Schneewittchen (FN 58), pp. 56-58; on the 'talking mirror' see in particular the restoration report by Simone Bretz (unpublished, Spessartmuseum Lohr), which shows that and why the 'talking mirror' was made in the mirror factory in Lohr; to the Kurmainzischen Spiegelmanufaktur in Lohr a. Main see in detail Werner Loibl: The Kurmainzische Spiegelmanufaktur Lohr am Main (1698–1806) and the successor companies in the Spessart , 3 volumes. Geschichts- und Kunstverein Aschaffenburg, Aschaffenburg 2012. ISBN 978-3-87965-116-0 , ISBN 978-3-87965-117-7 , ISBN 978-3-87965-118-4 .
  73. ↑ Bartels, Schneewittchen (FN 58), p. 58; on the origin of the proverbs from France, see Werner Loibl: The Kurmainzische Spiegelmanufaktur Lohr am Main in the time of Elector Lothar Franz von Schönborn (1698–1729) . In: Glück und Glas, on the cultural history of the Spessart . Munich 1984, ISBN 3-921811-34-1 , p. 277.
  74. ↑ Bartels, Schneewittchen (FN 58), pp. 60–61 as well as p. 84, naming the seven mountains over which Snow White fled and over which a "Snow White hiking trail" leads from Lohr to Bieber today; For the escape route, see also the Kurmainzische Försterweise from 1338/39, which mentions the very old Wieser Höhenstraße for the first time, published by K. Vanselow: Die Waldbautechnik im Spessart, Berlin 1926, pp. 171–180
  75. ↑ Bartels, Schneewittchen (FN 58), pp. 61–62 with detailed references.
  76. ↑ kindergarten-homepage.de Text: Snow White (after the melody: All my ducklings ): 1. You know, Snow White, the little princess, would like to be in the little room with the dwarfs. 2. Sews her skirts, shines her shoes, knits her socks without rest and relaxation. 3. Sweeping their little rooms with a broom, made strong soups for the little ones. 4. When the dwarfs come home tired at night, all work is done in their mountains. 5. And then Snow White, the little princess, sleeps happily in the little hut with the little dwarfs.
  77. ↑ nostalgie.beepworld.de Text: Schneewittchen (Singspiel) 1. An evil queen asks her mirror quietly: “Say whether I am the most beautiful, mirror true and wise.” 2. Mirror says: “That cannot be behind high Bergen, Snow White lives wonderfully with the seven dwarfs. ”3. Then the queen was frightened, ran for a hundred miles, wanted to hurry like a hunchback to Snow White. 4. If you offered an apple to destroy the maiden, because the apple was poisonous, Snow White must die. 5. And the dwarfs kept watch over the coffin made of glass, and the deer and the hare wept with them day and night. 6. And in a wonderful hour a prince came to the forest, kisses Snow White on the mouth, she even wakes up soon. 7. Celebrated the whole country and for the wedding feast the seven dwarfs were all dear happy guests.
  78. ↑ herbert-fritz.de ( memento from October 25, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Text: Snow White - 1. The queen was proud and beautiful, proud and beautiful. She stepped in front of a mirror, mirror over: You mirror, mirror on the wall who is the most beautiful woman in the country, who is the most beautiful woman in the whole country? 2. Meanwhile, Snow White grew up, grew up. But the mirror announces, announces: Frau Queen in the castle here, your child is even more beautiful than you: Your child is more beautiful, more beautiful than you! 3. The queen thought about vengeance, thought about vengeance. Then she called the hunter, then: You hunter bring it into the forest; I want my heart and liver soon; I want the heart and the liver as soon as possible! 4. It runs until it finds evening, finds evening; The house in which the dwarfs are, dwarfs are. If you want to do the housework for us, you can eat with us, rest with us; can eat with us and rest with us too. 5. Meanwhile the queen, queen, came to the dwarf house as a shopkeeper: You beautiful maiden, take this comb so that I can comb you properly, that I can comb you properly. 6. Snow White ab'r recovered, came to, the false queen hears that, queen: She came with an apple and then hands it to the girl and then hands Snow White poison in the apple. 7. Snow White fell into a deep sleep, deep sleep. The dwarfs wept badly for them, kept watch; and put them in a coffin made of the finest glass; it was made of the most beautiful glass like diamond. 8. A fine prince came along, young and beautiful, he saw Snow White lying there, beautiful: He couldn't and didn't want to go on and couldn't get enough of it: How beautiful Snow White was in her coffin. 9. Then the prince broke the coffin in two, and lifted Snow White out gently, swiftly and freely; Then he gave her 'a lovely kiss and Snow White has to breathe' and so she opened her eyes again. 10. The dwarves were looking forward to it, dwarves very much; and also the prince much more, much more: They then celebrated the wedding and celebrated for 5 weeks and lived long and happy, satisfied then. Way, sentence: Gerh. Fleischer, Winterthur Midi sequence: Herbert Fritz
  79. ↑ Discography information on the album Märchen . Retrieved November 19, 2019 (Japanese, English).
  80. ↑ 7361 at IMDb
  81. ↑ Technically updated as DVD, most recently in 2001. Also as print, 2013 ISBN 1-4723-4736-6
  82. ↑ 48591 at IMDb
  83. ↑ 173173 at IMDb
  84. ↑ 55458 at IMDb
  85. ↑ 56454 at IMDb
  86. ↑ 64394 at IMDb
  87. ↑ Dornwittchen and Schneeröschen. Internet Movie Database , accessed May 22, 2015 .
  88. ↑ Pamuk Prenses ve 7 cüceler. Internet Movie Database , accessed May 22, 2015 .
  89. ↑ 457126 at IMDb
  90. ↑ 986534 at IMDb
  91. ↑ Snow White. Internet Movie Database , accessed May 22, 2015 .
  92. ↑ Snow White and the Secret of the Dwarfs. Internet Movie Database , accessed May 22, 2015 .
  93. ↑ Geiger's Snow White in the Internet Movie Database (English)
  94. ↑ Film excerpt
  95. ↑ Apollinaire - La Blanche-Neige
  96. ^ Conrad Ferdinand Meyer - Snow White
  97. ↑ Snow White in the cradle of Anne Ritter
  98. ^ Anne Sexton: Snow-White and the seven Dwarfs