Martigny-les-Bains
| Martigny-les-Bains | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Vosges | |
| Arrondissement | Neufchâteau | |
| Canton | Darney | |
| Community association | Vosges Côté Sud Ouest | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 6 ′ N , 5 ° 49 ′ E | |
| height | 342-495 m | |
| surface | 29.22 km 2 | |
| Residents | 803 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 27 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 88320 | |
| INSEE code | 88289 | |
Martigny-les-Bains is a French commune with 803 inhabitants (January 1, 2017) in the Vosges département in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Lorraine ). It is part of the Neufchâteau arrondissement and the Vosges Côté Sud Ouest community association founded in 2017 . The inhabitants are called Octodurien (ne) s .
geography
The community is located 18 kilometers southwest of Vittel on the upper reaches of the Mouzon . On the southeastern outskirts of the village which runs Maas - Saône - watershed . The highest point in the municipality is the western flank of Le Haumont ( 498 m ) and thus one of the highest peaks of the Monts Faucilles between the plateau of Langres and the Vôge . The Côte d'Humblot reaches 466 m . The hilly northern half of the municipality is covered by dense oak and beech forests, in the south there is arable land and pasture land.
Neighboring communities of Martigny-les-Bains are La Vacheresse-et-la-Rouillie and Crainvilliers in the north, Dombrot-le-Sec in the northeast, Serocourt in the east, Frain and Morizécourt in the southeast, Lamarche in the south, Villotte in the west and Sauville in the northwest .
history
The former farming village was originally called Martigny . In 1801 it was renamed Martigny-lez-Lamarche to avoid confusion . After the establishment of the first modest bathing establishment and the connection to the railway network, the municipality was officially called Martigny-les-Bains from 1882 . The majuscule Tau in the coat of arms shows that it belonged to the diocese of Toul .
Thermal bath
The mineral spring, which has been known since ancient times, was temporarily framed for the first time around 1800. It was located in the middle of the village on the Ruisseau de l'Aune , a right tributary of the Mouzon. The source was then called Fontaine au fer (iron fountain). In 1829 the chemist Collard carried out the first water analysis, the data of which have disappeared. In 1849, an official analysis was carried out by Henry Ossian , who attested that the spring water had similar ingredients to the mineral waters of Vittel and Contrexéville emerging a few kilometers to the north . In addition, he recommended that the year-round water with a temperature of 12 ° C should be used for medical purposes, which was permitted by a ministerial decree on March 20, 1859.
Madame Maubertier , the widow of a Parisian architect, bought the concession to exploit the spring from the community in 1860. With the financial help of a millionaire, a reservoir was dug that led into an artificial pond. A Greek style pavilion has now been built. This was connected by a covered corridor with a nearby building that had a cellar, swimming pool, showers, changing rooms and various halls. In the years after 1860 the spa park grew only slowly, interrupted again and again by the cessation of work due to lack of money and several changes of ownership. The casino theater was opened in 1882. The spa park was eight hectares and now resembled a botanical garden. The pavilion stands on an island in the artificial lake, which is fed by the thermal spring, which pours 22,000 liters per hour.
After another bankruptcy, in 1893 a Mr. Chapier became the owner of the thermal bath. The construction of a mineral water bottling plant failed, but the foundation stone for the later Hotel International was laid. In 1896 the public limited company Société anonyme des Eaux minérales et établissements thermaux de Martigny les bains (Vosges) was founded .
The Martigny-les-Bains thermal baths gradually developed in competition with the nearby baths in Vittel, Contrexéville, Bains-les-Bains , Bourbonne-les-Baine and Plombières-les-Bains . The two world wars transformed the establishments into hospitals. Since the 1950s there have been numerous changes of ownership. Modernizations were no longer carried out and so the systems fell into a deep slumber. There are plans to reactivate the thermal baths, which have so far failed due to a lack of funds or disputes over competence. The splendor of the Belle Époque can only be guessed at today.
Population development
From 1793 to 1911 Martigny always had over 1,000 inhabitants.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2008 | 2016 | |
| Residents | 941 | 1,019 | 1,093 | 1,142 | 992 | 915 | 849 | 799 | |
| Sources: Cassini and INSEE | |||||||||
Attractions
- Church Saint-Remy , originating in the 13th century ( monument historique ) and a 1966 reconstructed organ
- Kurpark, Quellen-Pavillon (metal-glass construction from 1882), shopping arcade and kiosk; since 1987 as a whole ensemble under monument protection (monument historique)
- Hotel International (converted from a former monastery after the Second World War), meanwhile a private university and today a hotel for seminar guests
- Remains of the Grand Hotel des Bains (burned down by the Germans in World War II)
Economy and Infrastructure
In addition to jobs in the spa, health care and care facilities, ten agricultural businesses are located in the municipality of Martigny-les-Bains (cattle, sheep and goat husbandry).
The D 429 (formerly RN 429 ) from Vittel to Langres runs through Martigny-les-Bains . Martigny-les-Bains station is on the Merrey – Hymont-Mattaincourt railway line, which is no longer used by passengers .
supporting documents
- ↑ Description of the coat of arms on genealogie-lorraine.fr (French)
- ↑ history martignylesbains.free.fr (French)
- ↑ Martigny-les-Bains on cassini.ehess.fr
- ↑ Martigny-les-Bains on insee.fr
- ^ Entry in the Base Mérimée of the Ministry of Culture. Retrieved September 7, 2016 (French).
- ^ Entry in the Base Mérimée of the Ministry of Culture. Retrieved September 7, 2016 (French).
- ↑ Farms on annuaire-mairie.fr (French)
