Cassen

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Cassen
Cassen (France)
Cassen
region Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department Country
Arrondissement Dax
Canton Coteau de Chalosse
Community association Terres de Chalosse
Coordinates 43 ° 46 ′  N , 0 ° 52 ′  W Coordinates: 43 ° 46 ′  N , 0 ° 52 ′  W
height 15-65 m
surface 5.97 km 2
Residents 578 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 97 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 40380
INSEE code 40068
Website www.cassen.fr

Parish Church of Saint Martin

Cassen is a French municipality with 578 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of land in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Dax and the canton of Coteau de Chalosse (until 2015: canton of Montfort-en-Chalosse ).

The name is a derivative of the Gascognischen word casse ( German  oak ).

The inhabitants are called Cassenois and Cassenoises .

geography

Cassen is located approx. 20 km east-northeast of Dax in the Auribat region of the Chalosse region in the historic Gascogne province .

Cassen is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Saint-Jean-de-Lier Vicq-d'Auribat Onard
Louer Neighboring communities Saint-Geours-d'Auribat
Gamarde-les-Bains

Cassen lies in the catchment area of ​​the Adour River . One of its tributaries, the Louts , marks the border with the southern neighboring municipality of Gamarde-les-Bains.

history

The discovery of bracelets made of bronze , arrowheads from flint and scratches in the 19th century leaves a settlement of the stretch of land as early as the Neolithic accept. The earth wall in the Beylenx district suggests an earlier, medieval moth . In 1243 the English King Henry III bought. the rights over the auribat of the Viscount of Tartas , the first landlord of Cassen. At that time Cassen belonged to the archpriesthood of Laurède and to the Bailliage of Auribat. The Viscounts of Tartas kept certain parts of the country until 1308 when Arnaud-Raymond de Tartas sold them to his father-in-law, Amanieu VII d'Albret. The Plantagenets, for their part, handed over their part of the lordship of the Auribat to the son Bernard Aiz V. d'Albret in 1340 as a reward for his services against the French king in the early days of the Hundred Years War . The Auribat was a barony .

The disputes over the duchy between the Kingdom of England and the French crown continued until the middle of the 15th century, the end of the Hundred Years War. In the period that followed, Protestant and Catholic parties faced each other in the Huguenot Wars and caused numerous destruction in this region, which is close to the Béarn . In August 1569, Protestant troops looted the church of Cassen and set it on fire. With the reign of the French King Henry IV and his Edict of Nantes in 1598, peace came for Cassen and his neighboring villages. In 1651 King Louis XIV handed over the Duchy of Albret to Frédéric-Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne , the Duke of Bouillon , whose descendants were to be the last landlords of Auribat until the French Revolution .

The 18th century was determined by a dispute with Vicq-d'Auribat over the ownership and rights to two lands intended for pasture. On January 18, 1859, the conflict was resolved by dividing the disputed country. In the 18th century, corn found its way into agriculture and became the basic diet for livestock, and people began to bake bread from it. Corn became the main crop when viticulture disappeared almost entirely with the advent of powdery mildew from 1855.

Population development

After records began, the population rose to an initial high of around 525 in the second half of the 19th century. In the period that followed, the size of the community fell to 335 inhabitants during short recovery phases up to the 1960s, before a period of strong growth began. which continues to this day.

year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2010 2017
Residents 361 335 342 375 339 372 446 573 578
From 1962 official figures excluding residents with a second residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 1999, INSEE from 2006

Attractions

  • Parish church dedicated to the Apostle Peter . The first church was in the middle of the cemetery and dated from the 12th century when it was built on top of an artificial hill. It has been redesigned several times over the centuries. A side aisle was reserved for the Cagots , a group of people who were discriminated against in Spain and France from the 13th to well into the 19th century and who were largely excluded from social life. The first tower clock was installed in 1805, and restoration work was carried out in 1834. A severe storm in 1873 tore down the bell tower and caused large cracks in the church. The architect of the department, Ozanne, took stock and found that the building had been damaged beyond repair and a decision was made to rebuild. The new location, but also the orientation, were points of contention between the mayor and the pastor. The new church was finally consecrated in November 1874. The arched entrance portal at the foot of the bell tower allows entry into the vestibule. An arched window on the first floor, an oculus above it on the second floor and a double window on the upper floor provide light into the bell tower. His polygonal helmet is covered with slate . The nave with a main aisle and a side aisle on the south side leads to a polygonal choir .

Economy and Infrastructure

Trade and services are the main economic drivers of the community. Tourism is supported by several holiday apartments, a campsite, two holiday complexes and several guest rooms.

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2015
total = 104

education

The community has a public primary school with 47 pupils in the 2017/2018 school year.

sport and freetime

Three circular routes with lengths of 6 km, 8.7 km and 12 km lead through the area of ​​the municipality.

traffic

Cassen can be reached via routes départementales 10, 341 and 405.

Web links

Commons : Cassen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Cassen ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
  2. ↑ Landes ( fr ) habitants.fr. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
  3. ↑ Ma commune: Cassen ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
  4. ↑ a b c Hervé Coudroy: Seconde partie: Cassen sous l'Ancien Régime (1180-1789) ( fr , PDF) Hervé Coudroy. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  5. ↑ Hervé Coudroy: Cassen en Auribat - Des origines à 1939 ( fr , PDF) Hervé Coudroy. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  6. ↑ Notice Communale Cassen ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved January 16, 2018.
  7. ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Cassen (40068) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved January 24, 2018.
  8. ↑ Populations légales 2015 Commune de Cassen (40068) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved January 16, 2018.
  9. ↑ L'église ( fr ) Cassen municipality. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  10. ^ Eglise Saint-Pierre ( fr ) Observatoire du patrimoine religieux. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  11. ↑ Hébergement de tourisme ( fr ) Municipal Cassen. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
  12. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Cassen (40068) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved January 24, 2018.
  13. ^ École élémentaire ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved January 25, 2018.
  14. ↑ Circuits de randonnées ( fr ) Cassen municipality. Retrieved December 13, 2018.