Baigts

The title of this article is ambiguous. For the commune of the same name in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, see Baigts-de-Béarn .

Baigts
region	Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department	Country
Arrondissement	Dax
Canton	Coteau de Chalosse
Community association	Terres de Chalosse
Coordinates	43 ° 41 ′  N , 0 ° 47 ′  W Coordinates: 43 ° 41 ′  N , 0 ° 47 ′  W
height	32-122 m
surface	11.64 km 2
Residents	364 (January 1, 2017)
Population density	31 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code	40380
INSEE code	40023
Baigts Town Hall

Baigts is a French municipality with 364 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of land in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Dax and the canton of Coteau de Chalosse (until 2015: canton of Mugron ).

Originally the settlement was called Sainte-Marie-de-Lurbe. The current name is pronounced / batʃ / and is in the Gascognischen language Vaths ( German  valley ). Sometimes the name "Baigts-Chalosse" is used to distinguish it from the commune of Baigts-de-Béarn in the neighboring Pyrénées-Atlantiques department .

The inhabitants are called Baigtsois and Baigtsoises .

geography

Baigts is located approx. 25 km east of Dax in the Chalosse region of the historic Gascogne province on the southern edge of the department.

Baigts is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Nousse	Lahosse
Montfort-en-Chalosse Gibret		Caupenne
	Donzacq

Baigts is located in the catchment area of ​​the Adour River .

A tributary of the Luy , the Ruisseau de Cazeaux, also known as the Ruisseau de Baron on the upper reaches, rises in the area of ​​the municipality as does its tributary, the Ruisseau du Pont du Haou.

history

The early presence of humans is confirmed by the archaeological site of Bouhaben, where tools from the Moustérien and Acheuléen were recovered. An extraordinarily rich source explains the settlement at this point. The manor of Baigts was first mentioned in the scriptures in 1285 on the occasion of its award by the English King Edward I to Élie de Caupenne as thanks for his services. Around 1315 the Seneschal Amaury III de Créon built a bastide on behalf of Edward II of England . In 1348 Edward III. of England the Caupenne family again as landlords. In the 18th century, its status as a station on the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela first brought the village the status of a royal enclave under the reign of the French kings Louis XIV and Louis XV. a. 1766 gave Louis XV. the territory to Mathieu de Basquiat, Baron de la Houze. The Caupenne family, still owners, went to court and won the right in 1782. The French Revolution did not give the Caupennes long to savor their victory, because Baigts became a national property .

Population development

After records began, the population rose to a peak of around 1050 in the first half of the 19th century. In the following period, the size of the community fell to around 320 inhabitants during several short recovery phases up to the turn of the millennium, before a moderate growth phase began, which is today still going on.

year	1962	1968	1975	1982	1990	1999	2006	2010	2017
Residents	425	407	400	354	350	322	328	342	364

From 1962 official figures without residents with a second residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 2006, INSEE from 2010

Attractions

Parish Church of Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption

View of the choir of the church

• Parish church, dedicated to the Assumption . It was built in the 13th century on the site of an earlier castle on a hill. A wide stone staircase facilitates the ascent, which until 1877 led through the cemetery, which is now near the rectory . The church has walls with a wall thickness of 1.20 m, built of limestone blocks with large nummulites . The bell tower has a massive structure but is comparatively low. It is the keep of the former castle. Loopholes emphasize its defensive character. The semicircular apse was subject to numerous changes over the centuries, which in the end gave it an asymmetrical appearance. Supports and buttresses secure the building on the crest of the hill against the instability and unevenness of the ground. After the church was partially destroyed by Protestant troops in 1569 during the Huguenot Wars , the vault was restored in the Renaissance style. A porch and the south aisle were added in the 18th century. The entrance door in the form of a flat arch, which is bricked up today, bears the year "1746". In the 19th century the Romanesque windows were closed and replaced by large window openings. Around 1910, the upper part of the bell tower was rebuilt according to plans by the architect M. Temboury from Mugron . In the 19th century, the decor and interior were replaced. The choir is completely embellished with paneling and false marble . The main altar has serpentine columns decorated with putti , doves and vines in the Baroque style, the work of unnamed Italian artists. The columns divide the altar into the various wings of the reredos , in the center of which a painting illustrates the Assumption of the Virgin Mary. The side paintings, whose inscriptions are also dedicated to Mary, show angels . At the connection between the choir and nave there are niches on the sides with statues of St. Mary and St. Joseph made of marble, which date from the 16th century. The holy water font of the church is set into the wall and has the shape of a large scallop shell , which is lined with copper . It rests on a marble base and dates from the 19th century. The pulpit is made entirely of wood, the side altar is made of gilded wood.

Beyrie Castle's “warehouse”

• Beyrie Castle. The residence was built in 1770 on the ruins of a 14th century castle. In 1880 the building was increased by one storey and the roof was renewed. It has an almost square floor plan and is made of rubble stones . Its mansard roof is covered with slate and interlocking tiles , called tuiles de Marseille . Before the French Revolution , the castle was the residence of the Caupenne family. The estate with an area of ​​144 hectares was managed by a dozen partial tenants . In 1845 Auguste du Peyrat bought the property to set up an agricultural school. Peyrat made his fortune in sugar cane on the island of Bourbon, now Réunion , a highly profitable business thanks to the use of local labor. After purchasing the palace complex, he had extensive restorations, drainage and soil work carried out. He saw in the national program of the establishment of schools for the training of farmers an opportunity to obtain free labor for the cultivation of his land. Peyrat had the "warehouse" built, an outbuilding of the castle, which included offices, classrooms, a kitchen, a large dining room, bedrooms for the students and living rooms for the department heads as well as a stable. The school was officially inaugurated on August 4th 1849 and Auguste du Peyrat was appointed director of the facility by ministerial decree . Concerned about profitability and the modern ideas in the field of agriculture, he ran the school more badly in 25 years. Bad relationships with local politicians and extremely tough demands on the students' work led to revolts and subsequently a decline in enrollments, so the school closed in 1874. A year later, agricultural education was officially introduced in France.

Baigts Arena 1993

Arena of Baigts 2007

• Arena of baigts. The Course Landaise , a traditional, bloodless game with wild cattle, is played in this arena . It was built in 1929 and has a fixed grandstand with a box and 85 seats. Up until 2004, additional mobile wooden tiers for up to 1,000 spectators were installed at events. For safety reasons, the square is now closed by bars. Today the spectators use the height difference to the church to watch the game. The arena is located in the central square of the municipality. Surrounded by the church, the cemetery, the café and houses, it is part of the everyday life of the Baigtsois . Before arenas were built, the Landaise course was held on village squares that were cordoned off by carts. Every year, on August 14th and 15th, Baigts celebrates the feast of the Assumption of Mary and holds a large course landaise.

Economy and Infrastructure

Agriculture, which benefits from fertile soil, is traditionally the most important economic factor in the municipality.

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2015
total = 32

sport and freetime

Baigts is on the Haute-Chalosse network of hiking and biking trails.

traffic

Baigts can be reached via the routes départementales 2, 3, 8 and 415.

Personalities

Jean-Henri Séqué (1893–1959), born in Baigts, was a poet and wrote poems in French and Gascognisch.

Web links

Commons : Baigts  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Baigts on the association's website (French)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Baigts ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 17, 2018. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 16, 2018. 
2. ↑ Baigts ( fr ) Gasconha.com. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
3. ↑ Baigts-Chalosse: comment se prononce le nom de ce village landais? ( fr ) Sud Ouest . August 25, 2017. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
4. ↑ Baigts-Chalosse ( fr ) Communauté de communes Terres de Chalosse. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
5. ↑ Landes ( fr ) habitants.fr. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
6. ↑ Ma commune: Baigts ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
7. ↑ Notice Communale Baigts ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved January 16, 2018.
8. ↑ Populations légales 2015 Commune de Baigts (40023) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved January 16, 2018.
9. ↑ Église Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 17, 2018. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 16, 2018. 
10. ↑ Escalier menant à l'Eglise de Baigts ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 17, 2018. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 16, 2018. 
11. ↑ Clocher-donjon de l'église Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 17, 2018. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 16, 2018. 
12. ↑ Mobilier de l'église Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 17, 2018. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 16, 2018. 
13. ↑ Maître-autel de l'église Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 17, 2018. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 16, 2018. 
14. ↑ Vierge de l'église Notre-Dame de l'Assomption ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 17, 2018. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 16, 2018. 
15. ↑ Château de Beyrie ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 17, 2018. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 16, 2018. 
16. ^ Ferme-école de Beyrie ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 17, 2018. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 16, 2018. 
17. ↑ Arènes de Baigts ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 17, 2018. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 16, 2018. 
18. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Baigts (40023) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved January 16, 2018.
19. ↑ Randoguide 4 Haute-Chalosse ( fr , PDF) Département Landes. Retrieved January 16, 2018.