List of governors of Brittany
The title of governor of Brittany was given to the representatives of the King of France and the King of England in Brittany , when this - in the various periods of their history - was under the military control of the respective ruler.
At the time of the Dukes of Brittany , the office was not permanently occupied, governors were normally only installed in times of war or in the absence of the duke, their office ended as soon as the reason for it no longer existed.
list
The Carolingian missus imperatoris
| date | Missus imperatoris | coat of arms | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
|
at 818 |
He was appointed missus imperatoris by Emperor Ludwig the Pious in order to establish a central power, but made himself Duke of Brittany ( ducatus ipsius gentis ) and appointed his own missi dominici . He became the de facto king of Brittany. |
As an autonomous region, Brittany had no governors but sovereign rulers for the next six centuries .
War of the Breton Succession and Hundred Years War
| date | governor | coat of arms | Suzerainty | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1341 (November) |
Robert VII. Bertrand , Baron de Bricquebec , Viscount de Roncheville (* 1285 , † 1348 ) |
|
France | Marshal of France Royal captain in Brittany (November 1341), after the death of Duke John III. , before the decree of Conflans in favor of Duke Karl and against Duke Johann IV. |
| 1346 | Sir Thomas Dagworth († 1352 ) |
|
England | Appointed by Edward III. of England , tutor of Duke John IV. |
| around 1348 |
William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton (around 1312, † 1360 ) |
.svg)
|
England | Appointed by Edward III. from England |
| around 1352 | Jean Avenel | |||
| 1355 |
Thomas Holland, 1st Earl of Kent († 1360 ) |
|
England | Royal Lieutenant in Brittany, appointed by Edward III. from England |
| 1356 |
Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster (* 1299 , † 1361 ) (with Jean de Montfort, Duc de Bretagne ) |
|
England | As governors of Brittany from Edward III. appointed by England. |
| 1359 | Robert de Herle and John of Buckingham |
- | England |
Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports Appointed by Edward III. from England |
| 1368 - 1370 |
William Latimer, 4th Baron Latimer (* 1330 , † 1381 ) |
.svg)
|
England | Appointed by Edward III. of England, 1368 Military Governor of Bécherel , 1370 of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte . |
|
1373 ( December 18 ) |
Louis I, Duke of Anjou (* 1339 , † 1384 ) |
.svg)
|
France | As Lieutenant général Brittany Breton ante and Brittany Gallo of Charles V appointed, had left when Duke John IV. To England |
| 1374 |
Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York (* 1341 , † 1402 ) (with Duke Johann IV.) |
|
England | From Edward III. of England Capitaines de Bretagne appointed |
Souveraineté bretonne
| date | governor | coat of arms | Suzerainty | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1382 ( June 9 ) |
Guy XII. , Seigneur de Laval , Viscount de Rennes , Baron de Vitré etc. (* 1327 , † 1412 ) |
|
Brittany | The duke, who was reconciled with France, accompanied King Charles VI. of France in 1382 on his campaign to Flanders. Before his departure he instructed the Sire de Laval in sealed letters on July 22nd of the same year to rule Brittany as his lieutenant general, with the power to act like himself, to pardon them, to install governors and captains in all places and to grant armistice conclude. In 1404 Guy XII., Curator of Duke John IV. Since the death of his father, was removed from office by the young Duke by a patent letter dated January 14th . |
| 1402 |
Philip II , Duke of Burgundy (* 1342 , † 1404 ) |
|
Brittany France |
Uncle as tutor of Duke Johann V. |
| 1420 |
Alain VIII. , Viscount de Rohan († 1429 ) |
|
Brittany | Governor during the imprisonment of John V in the War of the Breton Succession |
|
1447 and 1449 ( September 4th ) |
Pierre, Comte de Guingamp (* 1418 , † 1457 ) |
_Comte_de_Guingamp.svg)
|
Brittany | Lieutenant of Duke Francis I during his trip to the King of France |
|
1472 ( May 24 ) |
Guy XIV., Comte de Laval (* 1406 , † 1486 ) |
|
Brittany | Lieutenant General for the entire Duchy |
| 1488 |
Jean IV. De Chalon-Arlay , Prince of Orange (* 1443 , † 1502 ) |
|
Brittany France |
Installed as governor by Francis II ; He continued his work after the death of the Duke with Duchess Anne and Charles VIII. of France continued |
| before 1525 |
Charles IV., Duc d'Alençon (* 1489 , † 1525 ) |
|
Brittany France |
|
| 1525 |
Guy XVI. , Comte de Laval (* 1476 , † 1531 ) |
|
Brittany France |
Amiral et Lieutenant-général de Bretagne under the Duke of Alençon (1510), appointed governor by Francis I of France after Alençon's death on August 27, 1526 |
|
1531 ( June 9 ) |
Jean de Laval, Baron de Châteaubriant (* 1486 , † 1543 ) |
|
Brittany France |
As Amiral et Lieutenant-général de Bretagne he was in August 1532 by King Francis I, Queen Eleonore and the Duke Francis III. appointed governor when she entered Nantes |
According to the Union Treaty of 1532
| date | governor | coat of arms | Suzerainty | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1542 ( February 25 ) |
Jean IV. De Brosse , Comte de Penthièvre († 1565 ) |
|
France | He was appointed on February 25, 1542 and entered Nantes on April 8, 1542. |
|
1562 ( March 20 ) |
Sébastien de Luxembourg , Duc de Penthièvre , Vicomte de Martigues († 1569 ) |
|
France | Nephew of the previous one |
| 1569 |
Louis III de Bourbon-Vendôme , Souverain de Dombes , Duc de Montpensier (* 1513 , † 1582 ) |
|
France | |
| 1582 |
Philippe-Emmanuel de Lorraine , Duc de Mercœur (* 1558 , † 1602 ) |
|
France | From King Henry III. Deposed on April 18, 1589 , he called himself governor of Brittany until April 1598, then resigned in exchange for a lavish pension in favor of César de Vendôme |
| 1589 |
Henri de Bourbon , Prince de Dombes (* 1573 , † 1608 ) |
|
France | Grandson of Louis III. de Bourbon-Vendôme, en survivance on March 27, 1575 and actually appointed on April 24, 1589. |
|
1598 ( April ) |
César de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme (* 1594 , † 1665 ) |
|
France | Illegitimate son of Henry IV ; he resigned in 1626 |
|
1626 ( July 3rd ) |
Pons de Lauzières-Cardaillac , Marquis de Thémines (* 1553 , † 1627 ) |
.svg)
|
France | Marshal of France , appointed July 3, 1626, died in Auray in October 1626 |
| 1627 |
Armand Jean du Plessis , Cardinal and Duc de Richelieu (* 1585 , † 1642 ) |
|
France | Appointed in 1627, he did not come to Brittany until his death in 1642 |
| 1643 | Charles de La Porte |
|
France | Lieutenant-général for Richelieu, then governor for Anna of Austria |
| 1643 |
Anna of Austria , regent of France (* 1601 , † 1666 ) |
|
France | Mother of Louis XIV ; she was appointed in 1643 at the request of the États de Bretagne ; Charles de La Porte, Duc de la Meilleraye, Marshal of France and Military Governor of Nantes, became her lieutenant général; after his resignation in 1656, he was followed by his son Armand-Charles de La Porte , then Charles d'Albert d'Ailly , Duc de Chaulnes . After the Queen's death in 1666, Brittany went four years without a governor. |
| 1666 |
Armand-Charles de La Porte (* 1632 , † 1713 ) |
France | Son of Charles de La Porte, Duc de La Meilleraye; he is then appointed governor of Alsace | |
| 1670 |
Charles d'Albert d'Ailly , Duc de Chaulnes (* 1625 , † 1698 ) |
.svg)
|
France | Resigned in 1695. |
|
1695 ( March 26 ) |
Louis-Alexandre de Bourbon, comte de Toulouse (* 1678 , † 1737 ) |
|
France | Governor of Brittany after the resignation of the Duc de Chaulnes; resigned himself on December 2, 1736 |
|
1736 ( December 31 ) |
Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, duc de Penthièvre (* 1725 , † 1793 ) |
|
France | Son of his predecessor |
|
1738 ( May 4th ) |
Louis I. de Bourbon, duc d'Orléans (* 1703 , † 1752 ) |
.svg)
|
France | During the minority of the Duke of Penthièvre. |
swell
- Jean Duquesne Dictionnaire des Gouverneurs de Province , Éditions Christian, Paris 2002, ISBN 9782864960997 , Bretagne (18 titulaires) , pp. 191–194.
- Jean-Joseph Expilly, Dictionnaire géographique, historique et politique des Gaules et de la France , Desaint et Saillant, 1770, 6th volume
Remarks
- ↑ a b Dictionnaire geographique, historique et politique des Gaules et de la France
- ↑ Michel Rouche, La rénovation carolingienne , in: Histoire du Moyen Âge , Éditions Complexe, 2005, p. 103
- ↑ In the copial book of the Abbey of Saint-Sauveur (Redon) he is named alternately as Duke of the Bretons , Duke in Brittany , Duke of all Brittany , Prince of Brittany and Prince of all Brittany . It was his son and successor Erispoë who used it for the first time by Charles the Bald after the Battle of Jengland (851)
- ^ Anthony Tuck, Crown and nobility: England 1272-1461, Wiley-Blackwell, 1999, 2nd edition, pp. 140-141, ISBN 9780631214663
- ↑ The register of the Présidial de Rennes mention him in 1494 , in Nantes he is mentioned on January 16, 1496 .