Monestier (Dordogne)
| Monestier | ||
|---|---|---|
|
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Dordogne | |
| Arrondissement | Bergerac | |
| Canton | Sud-Bergeracois | |
| Community association | Agglomération Bergeracoise | |
| Coordinates | 44 ° 46 ′ N , 0 ° 20 ′ E | |
| height | 41–155 m | |
| surface | 17.75 km 2 | |
| Residents | 390 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 22 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 24240 | |
| INSEE code | 24276 | |
 Central square of the bastide |
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Monestier is a French municipality with 390 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Dordogne in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement Bergerac and the canton Sud-Bergeracois (until 2015: Canton Sigoulès ).
The name in the Occitan language is Monestièr , which goes back to the South Occitan word of the same name monestièr ( German monastery ).
The inhabitants are called Monestériens and Monestériennes .
geography
Monestier is located about 15 km southwest in the catchment area ( Aire urbaine ) of Bergerac in the Bergeracois area of the historic province of Périgord on the southwest border to the neighboring departments of Gironde and Lot-et-Garonne .
Monestier is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
|
Ligueux (Gironde) |
Razac-de-Saussignac Saussignac |
Gageac-et-Rouillac |
|
Margueron (Gironde) |
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|
Cunèges |
|
Loubès-Bernac (Lot-et-Garonne) |
Thénac |
Monestier lies in the catchment area of the Dordogne river .
The Seignal , a tributary of the Dordogne, forms the border river to the neighboring communities in the two neighboring departments. The Ruisseau de la Malaise, a tributary of the Seignal, crosses the area of the municipality together with its tributary, the Ruisseau des Auvergnats, which also has its source in Monestier.
The Ruisseau du Vacher, a tributary of the Gardonnette, also irrigates the municipality along with its tributary, the Merlan.
history
The current parish includes the areas of the former parishes of Monestier, Sainte-Croix, Coutures, Lenville and La Bastide. The first two belonged to the Baronate of Saussignac, the others to the Margraviate of Puyguilhem .
Parish of Monestier
It is one of the oldest parishes in the area. Mosaics and pottery shards from the Gallo-Roman period found during the construction of today's church show that it was inhabited as early as the fifth century. Pre-Celtic axes and hewn flints were discovered in the area of the parish , which prove a settlement in prehistory . It was first mentioned in the records in 1053 when there was a monastery here, which gave the community its name. In addition to the monastery building, the monks also built a hospital in which the sick from the surrounding area were admitted and cared for free of charge. The monastery was located in the hamlet of La Malaise, about a kilometer northwest of the center of today's municipality. In today's wooded area, however, there are no traces of the monastery.
The old church stood since the reign of the French King Louis XIII. on the site of today's cemetery. It had to be demolished around 1880 due to dilapidation. In the 14th century the parish was donated by the Seigneur of Bergerac to Arnaud de Pelegrue, brother of the Seigneur of Eymet , and incorporated into the judicial district of Saussignac, to which it belonged until the French Revolution .
Monestier it also was a priory of the Benedictine Order , an offshoot of the Priory of Petit-Ligueux that the Abbey of Ligueux shelter, which according to the rules of the Cluniac Reforms taught. The buildings of this monastery in Monestier have been preserved. Artistically designed crosses and other religious symbols can be found in several locations. Weathered coats of arms can be seen on the door of an old building that was also a Protestant place of worship in the past , reminding of an abbess or a devout donor. There may be three rings on it.
Parish of Sainte-Croix
It was mentioned in the records in 1385 in the form of Par. Sanctæ Crucis . In the 14th century, Sainte-Croix was part of the Bailliage of Gardone. The parish was removed from the Bergerac castellany at the same time as Monestier and given to Arnaud de Pelegrue. The Seigneur von Saussignac acquired them at a later date. The church of Sainte-Croix dates from the 16th century. It stood empty during the French Revolution, after which services were no longer started. The municipality of Monestier sold the building to Mme de Manthé, who converted it into a tomb for her family. During the renovation work, the grave of Charles-François d'Estut de Solminihac, archpriest of Bouniagues in 1667, was discovered. As he had been pastor of Sainte-Croix, he wanted to be buried here. Next to the bones was a sword , which reminded us that he had been a soldier before he became a priest. On the grave slab, next to his coat of arms, a chalice and a cross are engraved. The priest Raymond was the last pastor of the parish from 1783 to 1793.
Parish Coutures
The name is derived from the Latin cultura ( German building, cultivation ), which proves an agricultural development in Roman times . The parish certainly existed before the year 1000, the origins of the church date back to the 11th century. First mentions in the writings were made in 1086 in the form Ecclesia quae dicitur de Couturas and in 1135 as Parochia Sancti Petri de Costores according to the copial book of the Abbaye aux Dames Saintes in Saintes . The church was donated to the priory of Saint-Sylvain in Lamonzie by Bishop Rainald of Périgueux .
Since the High Middle Ages , Coutures belonged to the judicial district of Puyguilhem. When it was separated from the margraviate in 1777, Pierre-Charles de Gervain, who lived in the Des Vigiers castle , acquired the parish with all levels of jurisdiction for an amount of 24,580 livres . The French Revolution wrested all of his rights from this last seigneur of coutures. The church fell into disrepair and was rebuilt in the 19th century with the help of the Monicourt family.
Lenville Parish
The former parish was mentioned in the Gallia Christiana in 1053 in the form of Sanctus Martinus de Lenvilla . Her church was enriched with precious and holy relics venerated by believers who traveled from far away places. The church was destroyed by Protestant troops in the 16th or 17th centuries. Just a cross next to an old cemetery is evidence of its former location. There are no remnants of the center of the church. The houses were abandoned because a bastide was to be built in the parish area .
Parish of La Bastide
In 1265 were Hugues de Puychagut, Grimard de Picon and Hélis de Saint-Michel shared the castle and the lordship of Puyguilhem. They left them to the English king on the condition that he should build a bastide in their judicial district. But since the castle of Puyguilhem was captured by French troops, the construction of the bastide was never completed. Its beginnings were devastated by the victorious troops. According to the contract of August 6, 1777, Larrard, acquirer of the margraviate of Puyguilhem, sold the jurisdiction of all levels and all feudal rights to Gabriel de Brugière, who lived in the castle of La Tour in Monestier. He voted together with the nobility of the Périgord for the convening of the Estates General in 1789 . The main features of the bastide are still clear in the cadastral plan from 1835, which shows the nine planned quarters. Parcels of land about twelve meters wide and about thirty meters deep were marked out for the construction of the houses. As one of the first buildings, the little church was built at the end of the 13th or beginning of the 14th century on the southeast corner of the central square. The front facades of the houses around this square should rest on pillars . A single house with three arcades appears to have been built. It still exists today and is called the "Governor's House".
Toponymy
Toponyms and mentions of Monestier were:
- Sanctus Petrus de Monasterio (1053, Gallia Christiana),
- Prieuré des Mostiers (1304, trip of Pope Clement V ),
- Monastery (1365, castellany of Puyguilhem),
- Monestier (1750, 1793 and 1801, map from Cassini , Notice Communale and Bulletin des Lois, respectively ).
Population development
After records began, the population rose to a peak of around 870 by the first half of the 19th century. In the following period, the size of the community fell to 325 inhabitants during short recovery phases by the 1990s, before a moderate growth phase began that is now still persists.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2010 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 456 | 444 | 355 | 346 | 325 | 332 | 361 | 164 | 390 |
Attractions
La Tour Castle
It was built in the 13th century as a castle on the hillside not far from the center of today's municipality to monitor the valley. The Pelegrue family, seigneurs of Eymet and landlords of Monestier in the 14th century, were the first lords of the castle. At the beginning of the 17th century the castle belonged to the knight family Puch, who handed it over to a branch of the Verthamon family. The marriage of Izabeau de Verthamon to Pierre de Brugière in 1614 brought the latter into possession of the property. The de Brugière family made it their home for the next two centuries. During the reign of the French King Louis XV. she carried out a new building and gave the castle a refined appearance, among other things with the construction of mansard roofs . A large dining room was set up, clad with paneling and beamed ceilings , as well as a staircase with wrought iron railings. The family wanted to break away from the nuisance of the castellans of Saussignac, but they insisted on their rights. This dispute dragged on until August 4, 1789, when it was irrevocably resolved on that date. At the beginning of the 19th century the estate belonged to Mr. de Masmontet de Fonpeyrine, a long-time mayor of Monestier. In the following years it came into the possession of Mrs. Cartier. One of their ancestors was Jacques Cartier , the famous seafarer who went up the Saint Lawrence River for his King Francis I (France) and took possession of the land for the Crown. Today the castle is privately owned and not open to the public.
Castle of the Vigiers
The property was originally a fiefdom that was created under the French King Louis XIV by the Seigneurs of Saussignac for the benefit of the youngest member of the Vigier de Saint Martin family, who gave the castle its name. He then handed the fief over to the Gervain family, who had today's castle built. After the French Revolution it belonged to the Pont du Chambon family. The extensive residence consists of a residential wing with a risalit , wings, turrets and pavilions as well as a spiral staircase. Two statues of marble that once embellished the garden could be preserved by the current owners. The dovecote is built on pillars, typical of the Périgord pourpre area . The six pillars show the wealth of the estate and also serve as protection from predators. Today the castle houses a luxury hotel and restaurant with a golf course on an estate of 135 hectares.
Chartreuse by La Bouzely
The property is not far from the church of Sainte-Croix and is the former residence of the Vidal, Ségur and Teyssandiet families. The aristocratic seat is also known under the name of Montvert. The main wing of the Chartreuse consists of three bays of the same size between two wings of the building. Its roof is covered with round flat tiles. The east wing shows a mansard roof with flat tiles, the higher built west wing a roof with flat tiles without kinks. On the courtyard side, the middle yoke is embedded in a slightly protruding part of the facade. The rear facade is overgrown with wild vines. The Chartreuse is now privately owned and not open to the public.
Economy and Infrastructure
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Monestier is located in the AOC of Bergerac with the appellations Bergerac (blanc, rosé, rouge) , Côtes de Bergerac (blanc, rouge) and Saussignac , a fortified wine.
total = 58
education
The municipality has a public preschool with 25 students in the 2018/2019 school year.
sport and freetime
- The estate of the Des Vigiers castle offers three gold courses with a total of 27 holes.
- Three circular routes lead through the territory of the municipality of Monestier:
- The La boucle de Couture circular route is 8 km long with a difference in altitude of 119 m,
- The circular route La boucle du Bourg de Monestier is 5 km long with a difference in altitude of 74 m,
- The La boucle de la Bastide circular route is 5 km long with a difference in altitude of 116 m.
traffic
- The Route départementale 4 connects Monestier in the north with the neighboring village of Saussignac and in the further course of Gardonne on the axis Bordeaux -Bergerac.
- Route départementale 16 connects the municipality in the east with the neighboring municipality of Cunèges and further on with Lamonzie-Saint-Martin on the Bordeaux – Bergerac axis.
- Route départementale 18 crosses the area of the municipality from north to south and connects it in the north with the neighboring municipality of Razac-de-Saussignac and further on with Sainte-Foy-la-Grande in the Gironde department, in the south with Eymet via Thénac.
Personalities
Georges Pernoud, born on August 11, 1947 in Rabat ( Morocco ) is a journalist and television producer. He is known in France for his television series Thalassa , which was presented from 1980 to 2017. Georges Pernoud has a residence in Monestier.
Web links
- Monestier on the Pays de Bergerac Tourisme website (French)
- Monestier on the association's website (French)
- Information about Bergerac wines
- Site of the Les Vigier castle
Individual evidence
- ↑ Le nom occitan des communes du Périgord ( fr ) Départementrat des Dordogne. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ↑ fiche commune MONESTIER ( fr ) L'Union des mayors de la Dordogne. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ↑ Aire urbaine de Bergerac (109) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ↑ Ma commune: Monestier ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Un peu d'histoire ancienne de Monestier ( fr ) Municipality of Monestier. Archived from the original on October 30, 2016. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ^ Paul Vicomte de Gourgues: Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Dordogne ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. P. 287, 1873. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ^ Paul Vicomte de Gourgues: Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Dordogne ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. P. 91, 1873. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ^ Paul Vicomte de Gourgues: Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Dordogne ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. S. 175, 1873. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ^ Paul Vicomte de Gourgues: Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Dordogne ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. 203. 1873. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ^ France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ↑ a b Notice Communale Monestier ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Monestier (24276) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ↑ Populations légales 2015 Commune de Monestier (24276) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ↑ Château de La Tour ( fr ) chateau-fort-manoir-chateau.eu. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ↑ Château des Vigiers ( fr ) chateau-fort-manoir-chateau.eu. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ↑ Chartreuse de La Bouzely ( fr ) chateau-fort-manoir-chateau.eu. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Monestier (24276) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ^ École maternelle ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ↑ Randonnées ( fr ) Municipality of Monestier. Archived from the original on October 30, 2016. Retrieved December 3, 2018.
- ↑ Geneviève Cloup: Clap de fin pour Georges Pernoud dans Thalassa: qui est la femme du journaliste? ( fr ) [[Gala (magazine) |]]. June 30, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2018.