Ascarat

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Ascarat
Azkarate
Ascarat coat of arms
Ascarat (France)
Ascarat
region Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement Bayonne
Canton Montagne Basque
Community association Pays Basque
Coordinates 43 ° 10 ′  N , 1 ° 15 ′  W Coordinates: 43 ° 10 ′  N , 1 ° 15 ′  W
height 120-446 m
surface 5.82 km 2
Residents 321 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 55 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 64220
INSEE code 64066
Website www.garazibaigorri.com/fr/le-territoire/ascarat/la-commune.html

Farmhouse near Ascarat

Ascarat is a French commune of 321 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Bayonne and the canton of Montagne Basque (until 2015: canton of Saint-Étienne-de-Baïgorry ).

The inhabitants are called Azkaratars . The name in the Basque language is Azkarate .

geography

Ascarat is located about 55 km southeast of Bayonne in the French part of the Basque Country not far from Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port .

The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

Ossès
Saint-Martin-d'Arrossa
Irouléguy Neighboring communities Ispoure
Anhaux Uhart-Cize
Lasse

Ascarat lies in the catchment area of ​​the Adours . The Nive flows along the eastern boundary of the municipality. One of its tributaries, the Nive d'Arnéguy , flows along part of the southeastern municipal boundary before it flows into the Nive in the municipality.

history

Ascarat was first mentioned in 1106 in the form of ascarat . Further mentions followed: escarat in the 13th century, azcarat (1350), atzcarat (1366), azquarat (1413). In 1391 Ascarat belonged together with Anhaux, Irouléguy and Lasse to the vice-county of Saint-Étienne-de-Baïgorry . In 1396 the village with the church was destroyed by "war people". The context of this event is unclear, however.

coat of arms

The coat of arms is divided into four fields and can be interpreted as follows according to Guy Ascarat, heraldist and historian: The field on the top right symbolizes viticulture, the most important branch of agriculture in the municipality. The top left field is the coat of arms of the noble Azkarate family. An Eneco d'Azkarate was mentioned in the 11th century. The name is made up of aitz (rock) and garate (high place), meaning “place on high cliffs”. On the coat of arms, the eagle watches over the rock as an outstanding fighter. The third coat of arms on the lower right is that of another family in the village, the Larragoyen family, mentioned in 1316. The field at the bottom left shows the coat of arms of Jean Isidore Harispe , a general in Napoleonic times whose father comes from Ascarat. The horse is not harnessed and would be a symbol of a war horse. Here, however, it trots exuberantly, a symbol of nobility. The stars indicate high military honors.

Population development

The population has steadily decreased from its peak in the middle of the 19th century. The trend stopped in the 1970s, the number stayed roughly at the same level and has been increasing slightly recently. This increase can be explained by its proximity to Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port, which is a good place for trade and services.

year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2009 2014
Residents 274 283 282 294 294 275 280 309 317
From 1962 official figures without residents with a secondary residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 2006, INSEE from 2009

Attractions

Church Saint-Julien-d'Antioche
  • Church Saint-Julien-d'Antioche dedicated Julian of Antioch . First mentioned around 1253, it was destroyed in the following century and rebuilt at the end of the 14th or beginning of the 15th century. From this epoch individual elements have survived the centuries until today, e.g. B. the wall openings in a pointed arch shape . The structure was redesigned in the 18th century and restored in the 19th and 20th centuries. Inside the single-nave building, there are several galleries , as can be found in all churches in the Basque Country. These are traditionally reserved for men during a fair . Access to this church is provided by two stairs, one inside and one outside.
  • Country estate, called Château de Vergues ou de Fargas , probably built in the 18th century and remodeled in the 19th and 20th centuries. Three towers line a three-story building.
  • Harizpea farm . The farm was first mentioned around 1350 as the feudal court of the Vice Counts of Baïgorry. The current farmhouse dates from 1587, as is engraved on the key to the barn door. During the renovations in the 19th and 20th centuries, the roof and attics were changed. The building is divided like all farms in the region. The ground floor is used for agricultural work and as accommodation for the animals, the first floor houses the living rooms and the top floor the hayloft. The balcony above the first floor, on which the seeds are traditionally dried, is typical of the region’s farmhouses .

Economy and Infrastructure

Three private campsites, several gîtes , guest rooms and holiday apartments with a total capacity of 1,500 beds support tourism in Ascarat. Twelve farms take care of the rearing of Manex tête Noire milk sheep, which are herded on alpine pastures in summer. Cattle of the Blonde d'Aquitaine breed and more than two breeds of dairy cows are bred. Ascarat is located in the AOC areas of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, the pig breed and the ham "Kintoa" and Irouléguys , which is one of the smallest wine-growing regions in France and the only one in the French Basque Country. Four vintners grow their wine on terraces facing south on the slopes of the Itahako.

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2014
total = 44

traffic

Ascarat is crossed by Routes départementales 15, 403, 615 and 918, the former Route nationale 618 , and is connected to other municipalities in the department by lines of the Transports 64 bus network .

Web links

Commons : Ascarat  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Pyrénées-Atlantiques Gentile ( fr ) habitant.fr. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  2. ↑ Lieux - toponymie: Azkarate (Baigorri-Ortzaize) ( fr ) euskaltzaindia . Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  3. ↑ Ma commune: Ascarat ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  4. ^ Jean-Baptiste Orpustan: Nouvelle toponymie basque ( fr ) University of Bordeaux . S. 154. 2006. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  5. ^ Conseil regional d'Aquitaine: Ascarat ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on February 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 1, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  6. ↑ présentation de la commune d'Ascarat ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  7. ↑ présentation de la commune de Saint-Etienne-de-Baïgorry ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  8. ↑ Guy Ascarat: Armorial Communes Basques ( fr ) Archived from the original on January 3, 2017. Retrieved on February 1, 2017.
  9. ↑ a b Ascarat: La commune ( fr ) Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque . Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  10. ↑ Notice Communale Ascarat ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  11. ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune d'Ascarat (64066) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  12. ^ Conseil regional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Julien-d'Antioche ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on February 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 1, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  13. ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Château de Vergues ou de Fargas ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on February 1, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / visites.aquitaine.fr  
  14. ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Ferme Harizpea ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on February 1, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 1, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / visites.aquitaine.fr
  15. ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Archived from the original on February 5, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 6, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www2.inao.gouv.fr
  16. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune d'Ascarat (64066) ( fr ) INSEE . Archived from the original on February 6, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 1, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.insee.fr