Hendaye
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Hendaye Hendaia |
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Bayonne | |
| Canton | Hendaye-Côte Basque-Sud (main town) | |
| Community association | Pays Basque | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 22 ′ N , 1 ° 46 ′ W | |
| height | 0-108 m | |
| surface | 7.95 km 2 | |
| Residents | 16,484 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 2,073 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64700 | |
| INSEE code | 64260 | |
| Website | http://www.hendaye.com/ | |
 Sailing port in Hendaye |
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Hendaye ( French , Basque Hendaia , Spanish Hendaya ) is a French town on the border with Spain near the Spanish border town of Irun with 16,484 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine . The city is the capital (French: chef-lieu ) of the canton of Hendaye-Côte Basque-Sud (until 2015 canton of Hendaye ).
geography
Hendaye is the westernmost municipality in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department. It is located on the Atlantic Ocean ( Bay of Biscay ) directly on the Spanish border, which is formed here by the Bidassoa River, and belongs to the French Basque Country .
history
During the Spanish-French War, the city was captured by the Spanish in September 1636. On the Pheasant Island in the border river Bidasoa , the marriage contract was signed in 1659 between Louis XIV. And the Spanish King of the Pyrenees and a little later between Louis XIV. And Maria Teresa of Spain (who is always called Marie-Thérèse d'Autriche in France). The island is administered by Hendaye and the Spanish city of Irún every six months .
Hendaye Conference
Hendaye came into the field of vision of the international public on October 23, 1940 , when Adolf Hitler met Francisco Franco . Officially, this meeting was just an exchange of views; In fact, however, Hitler wanted Franco to enter the war on the side of the Axis powers .
Spain should occupy Gibraltar as soon as possible (" Company Felix "). Instead, Spain occupied Tangier only and demanded French colonial territories to round off its own colonial empire (Oran, Morocco, parts of Mauritania north of the 20th parallel) - provided that Germany reached an agreement with Vichy France at the expense of British colonies (western Nigeria) got. After the conquest of the Italian colonies by the British and the British victory over the German Africa Corps , the planned conquest of British colonies as a compensatory mass had failed. Out of consideration for Vichy France, the German Reich distanced itself from the Spanish demands, since it considered Vichy's support to be more important than Spain's. Spain, on the other hand, had meanwhile had doubts about a German victory; it thus remained with benevolent neutrality .
Population development
| year | 1793 | 1856 | 1901 | 1926 | 1946 | 1954 | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 481 | 427 | 3.215 | 5,653 | 6.251 | 6,933 | 7.204 | 8.006 | 9,470 | 10,572 | 11,578 | 12.096 | 14,041 |
| Source: INSEE | |||||||||||||
traffic
The border with Spain runs in the Bidasoa River. Hendaye and the Spanish border town of Irun lie opposite one another on its flat banks, the town centers are connected by two railway and two road bridges. The airport of San Sebastian is located on the left, Spanish bank facing the Atlantic Ocean and sport boat harbors on both banks close to the mouth. About 2 km inland another road bridge and a motorway bridge cross the river.
Hendaye has a train station on the Bordeaux – Irun line , which is also the border station between France and Spain. Since the gauges in Spain ( broad gauge ) and France ( standard gauge ) differ, rail travelers have to change trains here or in the Spanish border town of Irun . Only once the Basque Y has been completed will it be possible to travel from France to Spain and vice versa without changing trains.
Culture and sights
- Abbadie Castle , residence of the French explorer Antoine Thomson d'Abbadie in neo-Gothic style
tourism
Town twinning
Hendaye has twinning partnerships with the Scottish city of Peebles and with the city of Viana do Castelo in Portugal .
