Ibar roll
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Ibarrolle Ibarrola |
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Bayonne | |
| Canton | Pays de Bidache, Amikuze et Ostibarre | |
| Community association | Pays Basque | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 12 ′ N , 1 ° 6 ′ W | |
| height | 159-764 m | |
| surface | 8.87 km 2 | |
| Residents | 82 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 9 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64120 | |
| INSEE code | 64267 | |
 House Etxegaparea |
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Ibarrolle is a French municipality with 82 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine . The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Bayonne and the canton of Pays de Bidache, Amikuze et Ostibarre (until 2015: canton of Iholdy ).
The name of the municipality is Ibarrola in the Basque language . The residents are called accordingly Ibarrolar .
geography
Ibarrolle is located approx. 65 km southeast of Bayonne in the historical region of Ostabarret ( Basque Oztibarre ) in the historical region of Lower Navarra in the French part of the Basque Country .
The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Larceveau-Arros-Cibits | Bunus | |
| Gamarthe |
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Saint-Just-Ibarre |
| Bussunarits-Sarrasquette | Hosta |
Ibarrolle is located in the catchment area of the Adour River . The Ruisseau de Laminosine, a tributary of the Bidouze , and its tributary Olloquyko Erreka flow through the territory of the municipality.
history
In 1991 a grotto was discovered in the municipality. The objects found in it from the Gallo-Roman period attest to a settlement of this remote place in this epoch. Since the Middle Ages , Ibarrolle has lived from sheep breeding and the income from pilgrims traveling on the Way of St. James to Santiago de Compostela . The writings show a strong population growth especially between the 15th and 16th centuries.
Toponyms and mentions of Ibarrolle were:
- sanctus stephanus de ivarrole (1160),
- Yvarole and Yvarola (1168, manuscript collection by André Duchesne , volume 114, sheet 35),
- YvaRola (1350),
- Yvarrola (1402, deeds of the Kingdom of Navarre ),
- Ivarrole (1413),
- Ibarrole (1441, notaries from Labastide-Villefranche , No. 1, sheet 35),
- Ybarrole (1477, contracts from Ohix, notary from Soule, sheet 48),
- Ibarrola (1513, documents from Pamplona ),
- Ybarrola (1621, after Martin de Viscay),
- Ibarolle (1750, map by Cassini ) and
- Ibarrolle (1793, Notice Communale).
coat of arms
The municipality has had the coat of arms since 2006, which, according to Guy Ascarat, heraldist and historian, can be interpreted as follows.
The mountain range in the upper left part is the one that towers over the valley of the Ruisseau de Laminosine, the blue transverse band is the stream of the Lamiak , creatures of Basque mythology who are like sirens or nereids . The Basque Cross or Lauburu is a symbol of Basque identity. The flock of sheep in the lower right part is reminiscent of pasture farming in the narrow valley, which is the only agricultural activity on the small plots. The figure is not supposed to represent a shepherd, but a pilgrim and refers to the location on one of the Way of St. James to Santiago de Compostela, on which the parish is located.
Population development
After the population peaked at over 300 in the first half of the 19th century, the number fell to below 100 during short periods of growth by the 1980s. Since then, the size of the community has stabilized at this level.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 116 | 110 | 101 | 91 | 92 | 88 | 96 | 98 | 82 |
Attractions
Parish church
It is dedicated to the Apostle Bartholomew . A church in the form of the name sanctus stephanues de ivarolle is mentioned in the Livre rouge ( German "Red Book" ), a collection of documents from the 11th and 12th centuries of the Cathedral of Dax . A basic building took place in the Middle Ages , the construction of a house of God, which is consecrated to the Apostle Bartholomäus, probably at the end of this epoch, as the western entrance with pointed arch testifies. Today's church is largely the result of extensive renovations in the 19th century. This also included painting the walls and ceiling of the church. The church roof was repaired in 1863 and 1903, but damaged in a storm in 1910, so that it had to be restored again. At long building with a nave which is bell tower and on that a two-storey porch attached to the input. The bell tower shows typical structural elements of the region with its half-timbering and its slate-covered tent roof . The interior of the church is covered by a false barrel vault made of plaster. A wooden gallery runs around the nave on three sides. As is customary in all churches in the Basque Country, the places on the gallery are traditionally reserved for men during mass . A narrow internal wooden staircase at this church provides access to the gallery. The long building ends in the east with a flat apse , to which the sacristy adjoins on the north side .
The church's altarpiece from the 17th century shows a statue of the Apostle Bartholomew in a central niche below a scallop shell , which is characteristic of the region through which pilgrimage routes lead to Santiago de Compostela. God the Father appears on the upper part of the altarpiece , a globe in his left hand and the right raised to bless. Both are framed by two winding columns , so-called serpent columns , the shafts of which are covered with vine tendrils, symbols of the Eucharist . On the panel to the left of the tabernacle , which is below the statue, shows a scene of the birth of Jesus . Mary and Joseph , haloes supporting, are shown kneeling and bending over the child in the manger. The donkey and the ox are present as well as two angels who hover over everyone and hold a star, the light that leads people to the Messiah . Its overall structure and individual decorative elements are very reminiscent of the altarpiece in the church of Saint-Pierre of Hosta . If the two works are not by the same artist, at least a common inspiration can be seen.
The altar is also decorated with scenes from the Bible. The left panel of the altar shows the crucifixion of Christ , on his right side Mary , supported by the apostle John . On his left, two angels contemplate the scene with adoration. The figures stand out as a semi-relief from the background with a polychromy in halftones. The work dates from the 19th or 20th century. The work that shows the Lord's Supper on the panel in the center of the altar dates from the 19th century . Recognizable by his halo, Jesus is sitting in the middle with his twelve apostles.
House Etxeparea
The house is mentioned in 1350 under the name "casamayor" and in 1412 as "la salle de casamayor" in the list of households of the Kingdom of Navarre. Members of the Etxeparea family who owned it served in the 17th century for the Coming Ospitalea in Irissarry and Apat-Ospitale in Saint-Jean-le-Vieux . Presumably it was reworked in the first half of the 17th century, as attested by the year 1630 on the keystone of the entrance archway. Above the year there is a coat of arms engraved with a cross and a motif that could represent a harrow and a wild boar , which is not uncommon in coats of arms in Navarre. Three irises certify the homeowner's nobility. The coat of arms on the back door of the commander in Irissarry bears a resemblance to this coat of arms. At least it had an impact on the design of the Etxeparea coat of arms and its placement on the keystone. Around 1630 the house was enlarged and restored by Colonel Morbieu and his son in the 20th century . The house has all the architectural features of a Basque house. The elongated gable roof is covered with pantiles , in the rear part a half- hipped roof . As is usual in the region, only the upper part of the facade is designed with half-timbering. The inside of the house is made of timber frame construction and has an eskaratz , a central room from which all other rooms (kitchens, bedrooms, former cattle shed) are accessible.
Economy and Infrastructure
Agriculture is the main economic factor in the municipality, along with tourism, which benefits from the geographical location at the foot of the Pyrenees . Ibarolle has a workshop for the production of makilas, traditional sticks of the Basque Country for hiking or defense, which today also serve as decorations. The manufacturing process takes several years and is carried out entirely by hand, from drying the wood to manufacturing the tip and pommel as individual pieces. The knowledge of production is registered as a national intangible cultural asset.
Ibarrolle is located in the AOC zones of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally produced semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, as well as the pig breed and the ham "Kintoa".
total = 11
sport and freetime
The GR 78 long-distance hiking trail from Carcassonne to Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port runs through the municipality. It follows a byway of the Camino de Santiago to Santiago de Compostela .
traffic
Ibarrolle is crossed by Route départementale 120.
Personalities
Manex Erdozaintzi-Etxart, born on July 15, 1934 in Ibarrolle, died on April 29, 1984 in Toulouse , was a writer, Franciscan and member of the Royal Academy of the Basque Language. In his newspaper articles and books, he has campaigned against the decline of Basque culture and on issues of social and political life in the Basque Country.
Web links
- Ibarrolle on the website of the former community association
- Ibarrolle on the Montagne Basque Tourist Office website (French)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
- Filière Porc Basque website (French)
- Information on the “Kintoa” ham on the Montagne Basque Tourist Office website (French)
Individual evidence
- ^ Lieux - toponymie: Ibarrola (Oztibarre) ( fr ) Royal Academy of the Basque Language . Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ Ma commune: Ibarrolle ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ a b Ibarrolle ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ Jean-Baptiste Orpustan: Nouvelle toponymie basque ( fr ) University of Bordeaux . S. 87. 2006. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. S. 82, 1863. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ a b Notice Communale Ibarrolle ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ Guy Ascarat: Armorial Communes Basques (armorial-communes-basques.com) ( fr ) Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune d'Ibarrolle (64267) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune d'Ibarrolle (64267) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Eglise Saint-Barthélemy ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ église paroissiale Saint-Barthélemy ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Retable de l'église Saint-Barthélémy ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Détail du retable de l'église Saint-Barthélémy ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Détail de l'autel de l'église Saint-Barthélemy: la Crucifixion ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Détail de l'autel de l'église Saint-Barthélémy ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Maison Etxeparea ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Blason de la maison Etxeparea ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ibarrolle / Ibarla ( fr ) of the tourist office Montagne Pays Basque. Archived from the original on November 4, 2015. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune d'Ibarrolle (64267) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved on June 17, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ GR®78: le chemin du piémont pyrénéen ( fr ) Comité Régional de la Randonnée Pédestre Midi-Pyrénées. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
