Labets-Biscay
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Labets-Biscay Labetze-Bizkai |
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Bayonne | |
| Canton | Pays de Bidache, Amikuze et Ostibarre | |
| Community association | Pays Basque | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 23 ′ N , 1 ° 3 ′ W | |
| height | 20-122 m | |
| surface | 8.79 km 2 | |
| Residents | 160 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 18 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64120 | |
| INSEE code | 64294 | |
Labets-Biscay is a French municipality with 160 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine . The municipality belongs to the Bayonne arrondissement and the canton of Pays de Bidache, Amikuze et Ostibarre (until 2015: canton of Saint-Palais ).
The name of the municipality is Labetze-Bizkai in the Basque language . The inhabitants are called Labetztar or Bizkaitar accordingly .
geography
Labets-Biscay is located approx. 50 km east of Bayonne in the historical Pays de Mixe ( Basque Amikuze ) of the historical region of Lower Navarra in the French part of the Basque Country .
Labets-Biscay is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Bergouey-Vlichenave | ||
| Masparraute |
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Ilharre Gabat |
| Béguios | Luxe Sumber Rod | Amendeuix oneix |
Labets-Biscay is located in the catchment area of the Adour River . One of its tributaries, the Bidouze , flows along the eastern municipal boundary.
Tributaries of the Bidouze also flow through the area of the municipality:
- the Minhurièta and Erreka
- the Salarteko Erreka with its tributaries
- Zubiaga Erreka and
- Uhaldeko Erreka.
history
The ring wall of Tuqueta, created on a hill, dates from early history and documents an early occupation of the area by humans. Apart from the fact that the landlord of Biscay had the right of access to the assembly of estates and apart from various mentions, little is known about the history of the two villages in the Middle Ages . Before the French Revolution , both parishes were already amalgamated. Even after the land was redistributed in 1803, both parishes were treated as one unit, but it wasn't until May 12, 1841 that the parishes of Labets and Biscay were officially united to form the new parish of Labets-Biscay.
Toponyms and mentions of Labets were:
- Labedz (1120, copy book of the Abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde ),
- Labedz (1134),
- Sanctus Martinus de Lavez (1160),
- Lavetz (1268),
- Lavez (1304 and 1309),
- Lavetç (1350), Labetz (1316, 1413 and 1472, notaries of Labastide-Villefranche ),
- Labez (1513, documents from Pamplona ) and
- Labets (1750, map by Cassini ).
Toponyms and mentions of Biscay were:
- Sanctus Martinus de Beyrie (1160),
- Biscay (1268),
- Bisquay (1413) and
- Biscay (1750, map by Cassini).
Population development
After a peak in the population of over 500 in the middle of the 19th century, the number has fallen by around 70% to around 150 during short growth phases, and the negative trend continues.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 234 | 226 | 226 | 214 | 197 | 166 | 158 | 154 | 160 |
Attractions
- Parish church in Labets, dedicated to the Assumption of Mary . The church was rebuilt in 1771, as evidenced by the year on the keystone at the main entrance. In the 19th century the interior design and window openings were renewed, including the installation of new glass windows by the glass painter Gustave Pierre Dagrant from Bordeaux in 1899. The church is accessed via a porch with a wooden structure on which a small bell tower is located is located. The nave has a nave and is flanked by two side chapels , which were probably added in the 19th century. As with almost all Basque churches, this one has a Baroque altarpiece from the 17th century, an element of church furnishings that developed especially in the Basque Country after the Council of Trento . In the cemetery that surrounds the church, you can see the disk-shaped grave stelae, called Hilarri, typical of the Basque Country .
- Parish church in Biscay, dedicated to St. Sebastian . Biscay parish churches are mentioned in the scriptures as far back as the 12th century. The first simple church was dedicated to St. Martin . The baroque altarpiece in this church dates from the 17th and 18th centuries. In the traditional cemetery there are disc-shaped grave steles and graves with Navarra crosses.
- Malgoria Chapel. Every year on Ascension Day a special rite takes place in this chapel . The assembled believers go three times around the building where they are carrying their children or helping them take their first steps. Then the mothers run a cloth over the statue of Christ and rub it three times over their children's bodies. When this tradition arose is unknown.
- Biscay Castle. The landlord family Biscay, who gave the village its name, owned a castle on a moth in the Middle Ages , which has now disappeared. The present castle was built by the same family in the 18th or 19th century.
- Malgoria farmhouse. The house shows the red ox blood colors traditionally used in the Basque Country and, as is customary in Lower Navarra , with a timber-framed upper part of the facade. The size of the building is due to the fact that it had to accommodate not only the human inhabitants but also their cattle under one roof. The large, glazed entrance door is dimensioned accordingly. The very well-preserved farmhouse is now privately owned.
- Labets-Biscay thermal baths . Like the waters of Biarritz or Cambo-les-Bains , the waters of Labets-Biscay became famous throughout the department in the 19th century. Its effectiveness was proven by MO Henry, head of chemistry at the Académie nationale de médecine , after which facilities for bathers were created. At the same time, the marketing of the water began, which was supplemented by a project to manufacture veterinary products a century later. The bathrooms are unused these days.
- Tuqueta ring wall. As with most systems of this type, the site shows the remains of an elliptical ring wall with two openings and a parapet made of earth. This is located at a strategically favorable point at the top of a rock face. The central part consists of a wall, a parapet and a ditch, the original heights and depths of which can no longer be determined due to erosion. In addition to the exact dating, determining the function of these systems also appears difficult. The most likely assumption is that they served as refuge for threatened populations.
Economy and Infrastructure
Agriculture has traditionally been an important economic factor in the municipality. Labets-Biscay is located in the AOC zones of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, as well as the pig breed and the ham "Kintoa".
total = 27
traffic
Labets-Biscay is connected to the Routes départementales 246, 321 and 646.
Web links
- Labets-Biscay on the Montagne Basque Tourist Office website (French)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
- Information on the “Kintoa” ham on the Montagne Basque Tourist Office website (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lieux - toponymie: Labetze-Bizkai (Amikuze) ( fr ) euskaltzaindia . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
- ↑ Ma commune: Labets-Biscay ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
- ↑ a b Regional Council of Aquitaine: Labets-Biscay ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
- ^ A b Jean-Baptiste Orpustan: Nouvelle toponymie basque ( fr ) University of Bordeaux . P. 78. 2006. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
- ^ Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. S. 87, 1863. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
- ↑ a b David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
- ↑ Notice Communale Labets-Biscay ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Labets-Biscay (64294) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
- ↑ Église Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ église paroissiale de l'Assomption-de-la-Bienheureuse-Vierge-Marie ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
- ↑ Église Saint-Sébastien ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Chapelle Malgoria ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Château de Biscay ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ferme Malgoria ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Bains de Labets-Biscay ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Enceinte de Tuqueta ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on July 3, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune de Labets-Biscay (64294) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved July 3, 2017.
