Mendionde

Mendionde Lekorne
region	Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department	Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement	Bayonne
Canton	Pays de Bidache, Amikuze et Ostibarre
Community association	Pays Basque
Coordinates	43 ° 20 ′  N , 1 ° 18 ′  W Coordinates: 43 ° 20 ′  N , 1 ° 18 ′  W
height	58-846 m
surface	21.47 km 2
Residents	844 (January 1, 2017)
Population density	39 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code	64240
INSEE code	64377
Website	//mendionde-lekorne.org/
Mendionde Town Hall

Mendionde is a French municipality with 844 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Bayonne and the canton of Pays de Bidache, Amikuze et Ostibarre (until 2015: Canton Hasparren ).

The name of the municipality is Lekorne in the Basque language . The residents are called Lekondar accordingly .

geography

Mendionde is located about 30 km southeast of Bayonne in the historical province of Labourd ( Basque Lapurdi ) in the French part of the Basque Country .

The highest point in the municipality is the Erregelu ( 846  m ).

Mendionde is surrounded by the neighboring communities:

	Hasparren	Bonloc Ayherre
Macaye		Helette
	Ossès	Irissarry

Mendionde lies in the catchment area of ​​the river Adour . The Joyeuse , a tributary of the Bidouze , crosses the territory of the municipality, as does the Mouline, a tributary of the Nive .

history

In contrast to the surrounding communities, there is no evidence of settlement before the Middle Ages , when successive invasions by English troops shaped the history of Mendionde. The village, like many other villages, was the source of conflict between the King of England and the King of Navarre . In the 17th century the villages Mendionde and Gréciette formed, now a district of the municipality Mendionde, two different parishes, but were under the same landlord of Garro. During the reign of terror , like many surrounding villages, Mendionde was declared a commune infâme because of its proximity to the Spanish border . As a result of the decree of March 3, 1794, numerous residents were arrested by the welfare committee and deported to “national houses” in neighboring departments until the decree of September 29 and October 1, 1794.

Toponyms and mentions of Mendionde and Lekorne were:

• Sancti Cipriani de Lacurren (1236),
• Mendiondo (13th century, manuscript collection by André Duchesne , volume 114, sheet 36),
• Lecorryan (1304),
• Del Coriayn (1309),
• Mendiondo (1304 and 1309),
• Lecorriayn (1304 and 1344),
• Mendihondo (1305),
• Mendionde (1750, map by Cassini ),
• Sanctus-Cyprianus de Mendionde (1766, collations of the diocese of Bayonne ),
• Mendionde (1793, Notice Communale),
• Mendioude (1801, Bulletin des lois ) and
• Mendionde (1863, Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées).

Toponyms and mentions of Gréciette were:

• Garro (1186, copy book of the Diocese of Bayonne , sheet 16),
• Garrasciet (t) e (1414),
• Saint-Martin de Garro (1518, documents from the cathedral chapter of Bayonne),
• Guereciette (1575),
• Guereciette (1750, map by Cassini) and
• Guerreciette (1755, collations of the Diocese of Bayonne).

Population development

After a peak in the number of inhabitants with around 1,680 inhabitants in the first half of the 19th century, the number fell to around 700 during short recovery phases by the turn of the millennium. Subsequently, moderate growth of the community began.

year	1962	1968	1975	1982	1990	1999	2006	2009	2017
Residents	749	732	744	723	720	707	779	816	844

From 1962 official figures excluding residents with a second residence
Sources: EHESS / Cassini until 1999, INSEE from 2006

Attractions

Parish Church of Saint-Cyprien in Mendionde

• Parish church in Mendionde, consecrated to Cyprian of Carthage . It was built in the 17th century in a style typical of the Basque Country. The bell gable , the facade of which is also a frontón , exudes a certain severity that contrasts with the interior of the church. Inside, galleries on several levels surround the single-nave nave . As is customary in all churches in the Basque Country, the seats in the galleries are traditionally reserved for men, as in the Basque Country men and women stay separately during mass . The ceiling of the church shows a large , brightly colored fresco by an unknown artist from the 20th century. The activities of a country life in the course of the seasons are shown, the sowing in spring, games and dancing in summer, the production of wine in autumn and the guarding of the pastures by the shepherds in winter. It is not uncommon for the ceilings of Basque churches to be painted, such as B. in the churches of Saint-Jean-de-Luz , Espelette , Itxassou or Urrugne . The altarpiece , like the whole church, is dedicated to St. Cyprian. In his center he is illustrated in a painting in bishop's clothing with a miter on his head and a bishop's staff in his left hand. Richly decorated with vegetable motifs in gold plating and framed by pillars with capitals , the reredos consist of numerous other paintings and two statues , one of which depicts Saint Cyprian. In the upper area the view falls on an embodiment of the crucified Christ .

• Parish church in Mendionde
• 

  Bell gable with frontón

• 

  Galleries

• 

  Partial view of the fresco - summer

• 

  Partial view of the fresco - summer

• 

  Partial view of the fresco - autumn

• 

  Partial view of the fresco - winter

• 

  Choir with altar and reredos

Parish church of Saint-Martin in the Gréciette district

• Parish church in Gréciette. It dates from the 15th century and is dedicated to Martin von Tours . Numerous disc-shaped grave steles can be seen in the cemetery surrounding the church.

Disc-shaped grave steles in the Gréciette cemetery

Castle of Garro

• Castle of Garro. The first building was erected in the 13th century by the Garro family, one of the important noble families of the Kingdom of Navarre. However, the ongoing conflicts between the King of Navarre and the English crown led to the castle being destroyed as early as 1247. Bayonne refused to rebuild it directly, and permission from King Edward I of England was required in 1305 for work to begin. The Garro family did not begin to live in the castle until around 1533. After the marriage of Marie de Garro with Salva d'Urtubie the basic rule is 1,641 to Baronat been raised. At the end of the 17th century the castle fell victim to a fire and was rebuilt after 1700. The current property dates from this time, whereby the original fortress house is integrated into the architecture. In 1923 the last descendant of the Garro died and in 1930 the castle was sold to Jacques-Hyppolyte Lesca, who set up an agricultural school there. A plaque on the facade of the castle with inscriptions in French and Basque reminds of the purchase. Mythological paintings on the ground floor date from this period and have now completely disappeared, but the paneling is still present in several rooms. First the castle came into the possession of the municipality of Bayonne, then the municipality of Mendionde. One after the other, there was a cheese production facility, a holiday home and a religious site on the property. Today a farm has established itself with the cultivation of organic vegetables including appropriate training activities. In addition, cultural events are held on the castle grounds.

Economy and Infrastructure

Ossau-Iraty

Agriculture and services are the main economic drivers of the community. Mendionde is located in the AOC zones of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally produced semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, as well as the pig breed and the ham "Kintoa".

Active workplaces by industry on December 31, 2015
total = 99

education

The municipality has a private preschool and primary school and a public primary school with 67 pupils in the 2017/2018 school year.

sport and freetime

The very easy circular route Sur le sentier du Baïgura leads from the Bordaberria car park over a length of 7.1 km and an altitude difference of 480 m through the forest at the foot of the Erregelu. Signs along the way provide information about the wild animals.

An extension is the Le massif du Baïgura circular route that leads from the Bordaberria car park over a length of 8 km (variant: 12 km) and an altitude difference of 600 m (variant: 830 m) to the peaks of the Erregelu ( 846  m ) and the Baïgura ( 897  m ).

The leisure base in Bordaberria on the territory of the municipality offers a variety of sports activities, including a. Paragliding (with introduction and tandem), ascent with the Petit Train on the Baïgura, optionally with descent on mountain bikes , canyoning , mountaineering , pony riding, trampoline jumping.

traffic

Mendionde can be reached via the routes départementales 22, 119, 152 and 252.

Personalities

• Jean-Baptiste Martin Dartaguiette d'Iron, born in 1682, died in Paris in 1748 , was military commissioner in Louisiana , tax officer for the district of Auch and one of the richest financiers in Paris in 1748.

• Prosper Saint-Martin, born in Mendionde in 1909, was French pelota champion in 1939.

• Rudy Hirigoyen, born on August 29, 1919 in Mendionde, died on October 24, 2000, was a Basque opera singer.

Web links

Commons : Mendionde  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Mendionde on the Montagne Basque Tourist Office website (French)
• Website of the organic farm at the Castle of Garro (French)
• Website about cultural events at the Castle of Garro (French)
• Leisure base website (French)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Lieux - toponymie: Lekorne (Lapurdi Ekialdea (-a)) ( fr ) euskaltzaindia . Retrieved September 17, 2017.
2. ↑ géoportail - Mendionde ( fr ) Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière . Retrieved September 17, 2017.
3. ↑ Ma commune: Mendionde ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved September 17, 2017.
4. ↑ Mendionde ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on September 17, 2017.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
5. ^ ^{A b} Jean-Baptiste Orpustan: Nouvelle toponymie basque ( fr ) University of Bordeaux . Pp. 48, 49. 2006. Retrieved September 17, 2017.
6. ^ ^{A b} Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. Pp. 73, 111, 1863. Retrieved September 17, 2017.
7. ↑ ^{a b} David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved September 17, 2017.
8. ↑ ^{a b} Notice Communale Mendionde ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved September 17, 2017.
9. ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Mendionde (64377) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved September 17, 2017.
10. ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Mendionde (64377) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved September 17, 2017.
11. ^ Conseil regional d'Aquitaine: Eglise Saint-Cyprien ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 17, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 17, 2017. 
12. ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Plafond peint de l'église Saint-Cyprien ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 18, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 17, 2017. 
13. ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Retable de l'église Saint-Cyprien ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 18, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 17, 2017. 
14. ^ Paroisse François Dardan ( fr ) Parish Hasparren. Retrieved September 17, 2017.
15. ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Château de Garro ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 18, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 17, 2017. 
16. ^ Conseil regional d'Aquitaine: Jacques-Hyppolyte Lesca ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 18, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 17, 2017. 
17. ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved September 17, 2017.
18. ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Mendionde (64377) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved September 17, 2017.
19. ^ Pyrénées-Atlantiques (64), Mendionde, écoles ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved September 17, 2017.
20. ↑ Sur le sentier du Baïgura ( fr , PDF) Comité départemental du tourisme. Retrieved September 17, 2017.
21. ↑ Le massif du Baïgura ( fr , PDF) Comité départemental du tourisme. Retrieved September 17, 2017.