Anhaux
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Anhaux Anhauze |
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Bayonne | |
| Canton | Montagne Basque | |
| Community association | Pays Basque | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 10 ′ N , 1 ° 17 ′ W | |
| height | 180-1,247 m | |
| surface | 12.33 km 2 | |
| Residents | 387 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 31 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64220 | |
| INSEE code | 64026 | |
| Website | www.garazibaigorri.com/fr/le-territoire/anhaux.html | |
 Local church of Anhaux |
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Anhaux is a French municipality with 387 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine . The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Bayonne and the canton of Montagne Basque (until 2015: canton of Saint-Étienne-de-Baïgorry ).
The inhabitants are called Anhauztars .
The name in the Basque language is Anhauze .
geography
Anhaux is about 60 kilometers southeast of Bayonne in the Baïgorry Valley in the French part of the Basque Country . The highest point in Anhaux is the Adartza (1247 m) in the extreme south-west of the municipality.
Anhaux is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
- Irouléguy in the north,
- Ascarat in the northeast,
- Let in the southeast,
- Banca in the southwest as well
- Saint-Étienne-de-Baïgorry to the west.
Anhaux lies in the catchment area of the Adour River . The Ontzoroneko erhka stream , a tributary of the Nive d'Arnéguy , largely marks the border with the neighboring municipality of Lasse. It rises on the Adartza .
history
Anhaux was first mentioned in the 11th century under the names Onodz and Onoz in the copial book of the Abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde . It says:
- "1068-1072 Oz guilhem von Onodz and his wife received a piece of land near Onoz from Saint-Jean on the condition that they and their successors deliver sureties and seven loaves of bread, a pig, a sester of wine and two measures of provisions."
- "1072-1100 Forto Garcias von Onoz with his wife Farguil and his sons undertake to give six loaves of bread, two sesters of cider and two civades to Saint-Jean (de Sordes) for life ."
In 1023, the Vice-County of Labourd was founded by Sancho the Great , King of Navarre. The territory also included Saint-Étienne-de-Baïgorry, of whom Anhaux was feudal dependent during the Middle Ages.
In the 14th century 28 houses were counted, four of them by noble owners and 24 by serfs . In the district of Chubitoa there was an assembly of Cagots , a group of people who were largely excluded from social life in Spain and France from the 13th to well into the 19th century . The approx. 40 houses, lined up on a street, are spatially separated from the town center by a stream and a forest of chestnut trees . In Anhaux the Cagots practiced mainly the weaving and milling trade . They gained limited citizenship status in the course of the French Revolution and were gradually able to integrate. The last Cagots left the community at the beginning of the 19th century.
coat of arms
According to Guy Ascarat , heraldist and historian, the coat of arms can be interpreted as follows.
The coat of arms is that of the Apeztegi family , one of the families that were mentioned as serfs as early as 1350, but were raised to the nobility in 1683 . The members subsequently became influential in the region, especially during the 18th and 19th centuries.
The silver stake (the silver vertical stripe in the middle) is a chivalric feature according to earlier heraldists . The two shells are often represented in coats of arms in Lower Navarra and point to the Camino de Santiago , a pilgrimage route to Santiago de Compostela in Galicia ( Spain ).
Population development
| year | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2009 | 2014 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 285 | 275 | 274 | 310 | 247 | 286 | 385 |
Attractions
- The church of Anhaux, dedicated to John the Baptist , was built in the Middle Ages . The current church was almost completely rebuilt in 1838, as evidenced by the date next to the inscription "erecta parodio Cazenave" above the west gate. A side chapel has survived the centuries from the original building . It is built in the Gothic style with ashlar and equipped with pointed arches . Inside the single-nave building there are galleries like those found in all churches in the Basque Country. These are traditionally reserved for men during a fair . Access to the galleries on the north, south and west side is here via an external staircase. The sacristy was redesigned in the 20th century on the south wall near the choir , the glass windows were installed in 1932 by Atelier Moulenc from Toulouse .
- House Laxaga. The first house was mentioned as early as 1412. The current house itself no longer has any element of the original building. The entrance gate alone, surrounded by large stones, is characteristic of the first half of the 17th century. The house has the typical structure with three floors with a ground floor traditionally for the accommodation of the cattle and for agricultural activities, the first floor as living area and the attic as a hayloft.
- House Jauregia. The first house was mentioned as a noble residence as early as 1366. Today's house, built in neo-Basque style, no longer has any element of the original building, like the Laxaga house. The entrance gate alone, similar to the Laxaga house, surrounded by large stones, is also characteristic of the first half of the 17th century.
Economy and Infrastructure
The economy is largely determined by agriculture.
Anhaux is located in the AOC zones of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, the pig breed and the ham "Kintoa" as well as the wine-growing area of the Irouléguys .
total = 40
traffic
Anhaux is connected to the Route départementale 15.
Web links
- Official website of the association of municipalities (French)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
- Filière Porc Basque website (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Pyrénées-Atlantiques Gentile ( fr ) habitant.fr. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ Lieux - toponymie Anhauze ( fr ) euskaltzaindia . Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ géoportail ( fr ) Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière . Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ Ma commune: Anhaux ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ^ Paul Raymond: Cartulaire de l'abbaye Saint-Jean de Sorde ( Latin and French ) Librairie archéologique de Dumoulin, Paris, Librairie de Léon Ribaut, Pau. P. 12.21. 1873. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ Marta Ruiz Ayestarán: NOBILIARIA - Viscount ( fr ) euskal abizenak. 2002. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ présentation de la commune d'Anhaux ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ a b Regional Council of Aquitaine: Anhaux ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 12, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Quartier des cagots d'Anhaux ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 12, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ^ Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. P. 6. 1863. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ Guy Ascarat: Armorial Communes Basques ( fr ) Archived from the original on January 3, 2017. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ Notice Communale Anhaux ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune d'Anhaux (64026) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ^ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Jean-Baptiste ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 12, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ église paroissiale Saint-Jean-Baptiste ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Maison Laxaga ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 12, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ maison Laxaga ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Maison Jauregia ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 12, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ maison Jauregia ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Archived from the original on February 5, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune d'Anhaux (64026) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved on January 12, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
