Ispoure
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Ispoure Izpura |
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Bayonne | |
| Canton | Montagne Basque | |
| Community association | Pays Basque | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 10 ′ N , 1 ° 14 ′ W | |
| height | 130-660 m | |
| surface | 7.85 km 2 | |
| Residents | 673 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 86 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64220 | |
| INSEE code | 64275 | |
 View of Ispoure |
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Ispoure is a French municipality with 673 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Bayonne and the canton of Montagne Basque (until 2015: canton of Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port ).
The name in the Basque language is Izpura . The inhabitants are named accordingly Izpurar .
geography
Ispoure is located approx. 55 km southeast of Bayonne and in the immediate vicinity of Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port in the historic Pays de Cize ( Basque Garazi ) of the historic province of Lower Navarra in the French part of the Basque Country .
The highest point in the municipality is the Pic d'Arradoi ( 660 m ).
Ispoure is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Ossès | Yaxu | |
| Ascarat |
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Saint-Jean-le-Vieux |
| Uhart-Cize | Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port |
Ispoure lies in the catchment area of the Adour River . One of its tributaries, the Nive , marks the western border with the neighboring community of Ascarat. The Laurhibar , a tributary of the Nive, flows along the southern boundary of the municipality to the neighboring municipality of Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port. The Ruisseau Arzuby, a tributary of the Laurhibar, flows through the municipality from which Pagolako Erreka rises and flows into the Nive on the municipality's territory.
history
The parish was first mentioned in the scriptures in the 13th century, and in the 14th century there were about twenty noble houses in Ispoure. The most famous is the House of Larrea, which belonged to a family close to the kings of Navarre , then to Queen Jeanne d'Albret , for whom she sided with in the Huguenot Wars of the 16th century. From 1566 until the French Revolution, the Larreas held the office of castellan in Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port thanks to their connections . 1724 Ispoure was by the French King Louis XV. elevated to baronate in favor of Pierre de Larrea.
The Parish of Ispoure had the Priory of Madeleine in Saint-Jean-le-Vieux as filial community that the abbey of the Norbertine in Lahonce belonged.
Toponyms and mentions of Ispoure were:
- Yzpura (1264),
- Yzpure (1366),
- Yspore de la terre de Sisie (1472, notaries from Labastide-Villefranche ),
- Ixpura (1513, documents from Pamplona ),
- Yxpura (1621, after Martin de Viscay),
- Sanctus Laurentius d'Ispoure (1685, manuscripts of the Diocese of Bayonne ) and
- Ispoure (1750, map by Cassini ).
coat of arms
The municipality has had the coat of arms since 1997, which, according to Guy Ascarat, heraldist and historian, can be interpreted as follows.
The coat of arms is derived from the coat of arms of the Eliceiry de Lantabat family. The raven has been replaced by a dove in this coat of arms. The family gained the lordship of Ispoure in the 18th century through a marriage of Pierre II. D'Eliceiry with Marie d'Ainciondo, the heiress of the manor. Members of the family remained landlords until the revolution.
The tree symbolizes the strength and invulnerability in its fight against the elements. The idea of durability and immortality is linked to regular renewal. The dove is an attribute of the spirit that leaves the tree of life and goes to heaven.
Population development
From the beginning of the records during the French Revolution, the number of inhabitants rose to a level of around 550 by the mid-19th century. Unlike most rural communities, there was no rural exodus during this period, the community grew until the 1960s to 734 inhabitants. As a result, the number of inhabitants fell to around 600 shortly after the turn of the millennium, until it showed a rising trend again in recent years.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 734 | 707 | 685 | 671 | 674 | 618 | 602 | 602 | 673 |
Culture and sights
- Parish Church of Ispoure, dedicated to Lawrence of Rome . Their construction could go back to the Middle Ages . Their great age is attested by the use of medium-sized sandstone blocks in the outer walls of the nave and a narrow and high opening in the south wall. Significant renovation work was carried out during the 19th century. Around 1875 the apse was rebuilt, in 1876 leaded glass windows were inserted, works by the glass painter Gustave Pierre Dagrant from Bordeaux . The bell tower as an entrance porch was built in 1898, as evidenced by the corresponding year on the inscription on the arch above the entrance to the porch. In 1873 a crypt was created under the external staircase. In 1902 more stained glass windows were installed, this time works by the glass painter Louis Saint-Blancat from Toulouse . The long building contains a single nave and is closed off by a polygonal apse and a three-storey bell tower with a polygonal helmet covered with slate . A sacristy is built on the north side of the church. The interior of the nave is covered with a false barrel vault , the choir with a false ribbed vault . A straight, brick-built outside staircase leads to the galleries inside, whose places, as in most Basque churches, are traditionally reserved for men during mass .
- Larrea Castle. The Larrea family was mentioned in the scriptures as early as the 13th century and is originally from the province of Gipuzkoa in the Spanish Basque Country. In the list of households of the Kingdom of Navarre, the noble seat of the family is mentioned in 1366 and 1412. The construction of the current castle as a conversion of the former fortress house probably goes back to the beginning of the 16th century. The window openings of the east wing date from this period. The castle is marked on the map by Cassini from 1750. In the course of the 18th century a building was added on the north side, in which the reception rooms were furnished with paneling and stucco at the end of the 18th century. The castle was restored in the 19th and 20th centuries. Walled embrasures are noted above the floor in the first floor to the inner south wall. The two-storey castle has a rectangular floor plan and is equipped with two round towers on the south-western corner of the building and on the eastern wall. There are notches for firearms visible on the eastern tower. Above the arched entrance there are three lattice windows with a protruding window sill and decorated with bars . In the vicinity of the castle there is a former farm with a stable and hayloft in the rear part of the residential building.
- House Laustaunea. It was first mentioned in the scriptures in 1366 and 1388 as a noble residence and was probably built as a fortress at the end of the 13th or beginning of the 14th century to defend the borders of the Pays de Cize . In the course of the 19th century it lost the top two of its presumably four floors. Because no major renovations were carried out, it retained its character as a permanent house with a wall thickness of 1.5 m and numerous loopholes. In the 19th century, an opening for a gate in the north wall was broken so that the hay could be brought in. Presumably during the same period a house was added as an eastern extension of the medieval building. According to legend, the house of Laustaunea was Laminaks , charitable Imp of Basque mythology , built in a single night. Although it is only used as a shed uninhabited, the Laustaunea house is registered as a national treasure.
- Faustin Bentaberry Room, meeting place and numerous events.
Economy and Infrastructure
The Fondation Luro operates a clinic and an old people's home in Ispoure.
The municipality is located in the AOC zones of the Irouléguy wine-growing region , the Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, as well as the pig breed and ham "Kintoa".
total = 86
sport and freetime
The 7 km long circular hiking trail with an easy level of difficulty "Le pic d'Arradoy" leads from the orientation table and the Harrigibeleta car park to the Pic d'Arradoi. The 7 km long “Etchaine” hiking trail with an easy level of difficulty leads from the town hall of Ispoure through the vineyard terraces with the option of combining it with the hiking trail to the Pic d'Arradoi.
education
The municipality has a public primary school with 45 pupils in the 2016/2017 school year.
traffic
Ispoure can be reached via Routes départementales 22 and 933 (former Route nationale 133 ).
Personalities
- Faustin Bentaberry, born in Ispoure in 1869, died on February 21, 1936 in Antignac (Haute-Garonne) , was a Basque musician, dancer and choreographer .
- François Maitia, born on September 21, 1952 in Ispoure, is a member of the Parti socialiste , was mayor of the municipality from 1983 to 2004, member of the Départementrat des Pyrénées-Atlantiques from 2004 to 2015, holder of the Knight's Cross des Ordre national du Mérite and the Legion of Honor .
Web links
- Ispoure on the website of the Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port and Saint-Étienne-de-Baïgorry Tourist Office (French)
- Ispoure on the Association of Municipalities website (French)
- Ispoure on the Montagne Basque Tourist Office website (French)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
- Filière Porc Basque website (French)
- Information on the “Kintoa” ham on the Montagne Basque Tourist Office website (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lieux - toponymie: Izpura (Garazi) ( fr ) euskaltzaindia . Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ↑ géoportail - Ispoure ( fr ) Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière . Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ↑ Ma commune: Ispoure ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Ispoure ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ↑ a b c d Guy Ascarat: Armorial Communes Basques (armorial-communes-basques.com) ( fr ) Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ↑ présentation de la commune d'Ispoure ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ^ Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. P. 83f. 1863. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ↑ a b David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ↑ Notice Communale Ispoure ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune d'Ispoure (64275) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune d'Ispoure (64275) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ↑ église paroissiale Saint-Laurent ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Laurent ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 21, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ maison forte appelée Château de Larrea ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Château de Larrea ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 21, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ maison forte Lastaunea actuellement remise ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Maison Laustaunea ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 21, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Faustin Bentaberry ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Retrieved on June 21, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher-un-produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune d'Ispoure (64275) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved on June 21, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Randonnée Ispoure ( fr ) sentiers-en-france. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
- ^ École élémentaire ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
