Bussunarits-Sarrasquette
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Bussunarits-Sarrasquette Duzunaritze-Sarasketa |
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Bayonne | |
| Canton | Montagne Basque | |
| Community association | Pays Basque | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 10 ′ N , 1 ° 10 ′ W | |
| height | 185-782 m | |
| surface | 12.04 km 2 | |
| Residents | 205 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 17 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64220 | |
| INSEE code | 64154 | |
| Website | www.garazibaigorri.com/fr/le-territoire/bussunaritz.html | |
 View of Bussunarits |
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Bussunarits-Sarrasquette is a French municipality with 205 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Bayonne and the canton of Montagne Basque (until 2015: canton of Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port ).
The name in the Basque language is Duzunaritze-Sarasketa . The inhabitants are called accordingly duzunariztar or sarasketar .
geography
Bussunarits-Sarrasquette is located about 60 km southeast of Bayonne in the Pays de Cize region in the historic province of Lower Navarra in the French part of the Basque Country .
The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Bustince-Iriberry | Lacarre | Gamarthe |
| Saint-Jean-le-Vieux |
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Ibarrolle Hosta |
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Ahaxe-Alciette-Bascassan Lecumberry |
Bussunarits-Sarrasquette lies in the catchment area of the Adour River . A tributary of the Bidouze , the Ruisseau de Laminosine, also called Olhapateko Erreka on the upper reaches, has its source in the municipality. The Apatéko Erreka and its tributary, the Ruisseau de Sarrasquette, flow through the western part of the municipality.
history
The two villages Bussunarits and Sarrasquette were mentioned for the first time in 1264 under the names Buçunaritz and Sarasqueta , respectively . Further toponyms of Bussunarits were subsequently Bucinariz (1304), Buzunaritz (1513, manuscripts from Pamplona ), Buçunariz (1621, after Martin de Viscay), Busunarits (1665, Estates ordinance of Navarra) and Buzunaritz (1703, inspections of the Diocese of Bayonne ) . The toponyms of Sarrasquette were subsequently Sarasquete (1413) and Sarasqueta (1513, manuscripts from Pamplona).
On the map of Cassini 1750 Bussunarits is entered with today's name, Sarrasquette as Sarasquete (still with an "r"). During the French Revolution in 1793, Sarrasquette is still listed as Sarasquette , during the French Consulate eight years later as Sarasquette and finally Sarrasquette .
On May 12, 1841, the former municipality of Sarrasquette was incorporated into the former municipality of Bussunarits to form the new municipality of Bussunarits-Sarrasquette.
coat of arms
The coat of arms is divided into four fields and can be interpreted as follows according to Guy Ascarat, heraldist and historian.
The top left field is the coat of arms of the Apat family, a noble family in Bussunarits first mentioned in 1313, whose castle still exists today. Above right is the coat of arms of the noble Etchacon family, another noble house in Bussunarits, which was first mentioned in 1412. The field at the bottom left shows the coat of arms of the noble Etchepare family in Sarrasquette, first mentioned in 1294. The four pilgrim shells in the field at the bottom right are reminiscent of the Commandery Saint Nicolas d'Apat-Ospital des Hospitallers in neighboring Saint-Jean-le-Vieux, which existed from the 12th century to 1568 when Jeanne d'Albret , Queen of Navarre , these confiscated during the Huguenot Wars .
Population development
After a peak of 544 inhabitants in the middle of the 19th century, the number fell by around 70% in short phases of stabilization up to the turn of the millennium. Since then it has maintained the level of almost 200 residents.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 237 | 209 | 205 | 189 | 182 | 179 | 162 | 169 | 205 |
Attractions
church
The church of Bussunarits-Sarrasquette is dedicated to the apostle John . The Evangelist John was a legend, in the Porta Latina in Rome thrown into boiling oil, but the he could not touch. This legend is attested as early as the 3rd century by Tertullian . At the end of the 4th century, the church of San Giovanni a Porta Latina was built for the saint at the Porta Latina .
The oldest parts of the architecture of the local church date from the 15th century, but the original building could also have been constructed earlier. The lower part of the walls of the nave and the southern side chapel has different building materials than the upper part, which suggests a renovation. The two entrances, to the west to the nave and to the south to the chapel, date from the 15th century. At the end of the 19th century, it was converted into a neo-Gothic style, with the bell tower being built over the western entrance. In 1889 two stained glass windows from the Strauss Dazelle studio were installed, and in 1893 four more, this time by the glass painter Gustave Pierre Dagrant from Bordeaux . Inside the single-nave nave there are galleries , as can be found in all churches in the Basque Country. These are traditionally reserved for men during a fair . Access to the gallery is provided by two stairs, one inside and one outside. Two statues from the 17th century made of painted and gilded wood are registered as national treasures, one depicting the Madonna and Child Jesus , the other St. Catherine .
Bussunarits-Sarrasquette cemetery
Several of the disc-shaped funerary stelae, called Hilarri , are located here, which tie in with the tradition of the pre-Christian times and were very popular in the Basque Country between the 16th and 18th centuries. These traditional stelae are decorated with Basque crosses or vegetal, religious or sun ornaments and were placed on the head of the deceased against the rising sun. The name of the deceased always remains anonymous. In the Bussunarits-Sarrasquette cemetery there are also graves with Navarra crosses.
The cemetery cross at the entrance is also made from this style. Its job is to show the sacred character of the site. It is a reminder of the passion and resurrection of Jesus Christ and that the dead have entered eternal life . The Bussunarits-Sarrasquette cemetery cross is registered as a national treasure.
Castle of Apat
The aristocratic residence was first mentioned in 1313 under the name appate , and again in 1366 under the toponym palacio dapate . The castle subsequently passed through many hands. In 1413 it came into the possession of the Ahaxe family, in the 16th century a sideline of the von Saint-Esteben family, at the beginning of the 17th century the Lostal family from Saint-Palais , in 1664 through marriage to the Etchepare family from Sarrasquette, and from The van den Zande family owns the property from the 19th century to the present day. The oldest architectural elements of today's castle seem to date from the 15th century, such as B. the four round towers that flank the main house. The first alterations were made in the course of the 16th century, especially with regard to the wall openings. It is believed that the wall to the northwest was rebuilt in the 17th century, replacing the original entrance. The inscription PAX SIT HUIC DOMUI RENOVATA ANO 1731 ( German peace be with this house, renewed in 1731 ) on the new entrance in the northeast signals further extensive restoration work in the 18th century. The outbuildings are likely from the 19th century. One is intended for the storage of firewood and in earlier times contained a bread oven, another for the stables.
Etxondoa farmhouse
The house has already been mentioned in the surveys of the Kingdom of Navarre in 1293 and as echaondo in 1350. The current building dates mainly from the late 17th century. On the lintel of the left window on the ground floor, in addition to the year 1691, the names of the former owners and the noun sacrum IHS, decorated with a cross and a bird, can be read: IOANNES EXXONDO MARIA DE ITURRISCO IHS .
Economy and Infrastructure
Agriculture is one of the most important economic factors in the municipality. Bussunarits-Sarrasquette is located in the AOC zones of the Irouléguy wine-growing region , the Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally made semi-hard cheese made from sheep's milk, as well as the pork breed and ham "Kintoa".
total = 29
Sports
The GR 65 long-distance hiking trail from Geneva to Roncesvalles leads through the municipality. It follows the Via Podiensis , one of the four historic St. James' Ways to Santiago de Compostela .
traffic
Bussunarits-Sarrasquette is crossed by Route départementale 120.
Personalities
- Bernard D'Etchepare, born between 1470 and 1480 in Bussunarits-Sarrasquette, died in 1545, was a priest and writer . His book Linguæ Vasconum Primitiæ , published in Bordeaux in 1545, was the first printed book in the Old Basque language.
- Martin Landerretche, born on July 26, 1842 in Bussunarits-Sarrasquette, died on January 29, 1930 in Espelette , was a bascologist, priest, writer and member of the Royal Academy of the Basque Language .
Web links
- Regional Tourist Office website (French)
- Text of the book Linguæ Vasconum Primitiæ by Bernard D'Etchepare (Latin and Old Baskish)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
- Filière Porc Basque website (French)
- Bussunarits and Sarrasquette on the map by Cassini 1750
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lieux - toponymie: Duzunaritze-Sarasketa (Garazi) ( fr ) euskaltzaindia . Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ↑ Ma commune: Bussunarits-Sarrasquette ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ↑ a b présentation de la commune de Bussunarits-Sarrasquette ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ^ Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. Pp. 37, 156, 1863. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ^ France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ↑ Notice Communale Sarrasquette ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ↑ Guy Ascarat: Armorial Communes Basques ( fr ) Archived from the original on August 7, 2016. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ↑ Notice Communale Bussunarits-Sarrasquette ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Bussunarits-Sarrasquette (64154) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ^ Tertullian, translation by Dr. KA Heinrich Kellner: The legal defense against the heretics . In: Volume II - Tertullian's apologetic, dogmatic and montanistic writings . The Tertullian Project. 204 AD. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ↑ église paroissiale Saint-Jean-Porte-Latine ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ↑ statue: Vierge à l'Enfant ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ↑ statue: sainte Catherine ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 2, 2017.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Cimetière de Bussunarits-Sarrasquette ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on March 22, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Croix de cimetière de Bussunarits-Sarrasquette ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on March 23, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ↑ maison forte appelée Château d'Apat, actuellement demeure ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ↑ ferme Etxondoa, actuellement maison ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Archived from the original on February 5, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune de Bussunarits-Sarrasquette (64154) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved on March 22, 2017. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ GR® 65, le chemin de Compostelle via le Puy ( fr ) Fédération française de la randonnée pédestre . Retrieved March 22, 2017.
