Cère (Landes)
Cère | ||
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region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
Department | Country | |
Arrondissement | Mont-de-Marsan | |
Canton | Haute Lande Armagnac | |
Community association | Cœur Haute Lande | |
Coordinates | 44 ° 0 ′ N , 0 ° 32 ′ W | |
height | 42-99 m | |
surface | 39.87 km 2 | |
Residents | 411 (January 1, 2017) | |
Population density | 10 inhabitants / km 2 | |
Post Code | 40090 | |
INSEE code | 40081 | |
Parish Church of Saint Martin |
Cère is a French municipality with 411 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of land in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the arrondissement of Mont-de-Marsan and the canton of Haute Lande Armagnac (until 2015: canton of Labrit ).
The name in the Gascognischen language is also Cère . It could be derived from the Latin word cella , which means "a hermitage " or "a monastery ". In fact, a priory was established here in the 5th or 6th century after Christianization had taken hold in the region. The name could also come from the wax ( French cire ) that was collected from numerous beehives that were there in earlier times.
The inhabitants are called Cèrois and Cèroises .
geography
Cère is about 12 km north of Mont-de-Marsan in the historic province of Gascony .
3,650 hectares or 95% of the municipal area is forested, of which 930 hectares are owned by the municipality.
Cère is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
Garein | Brocas | |
Geloux | Canenx-et-Réaut | |
Saint-Martin-d'Oney | Uchacq-et-Parentis | Saint-Avit |
Cère lies in the catchment area of the Adour River .
The Estrigon , a tributary of the Midouze , crosses the territory of the municipality, as does its tributaries,
- the Ruisseau de Tourtilla,
- the Ruisseau de l'Huillère, which rises in Cère,
- the Ruisseau de Pouyfallas, which rises in Cère,
- the Ruisseau de Pébarthe, which rises in Cère, and
- the Ruisseau de Lamolle.
history
In 841 the Normans drove up the Adour, plundered and devastated the village of Cère, settled here and spread horror across Aquitaine . The Duke of Gascony was finally able to defeat and drive them out in 982. The Poor Clares of Mont-de-Marsan had ruled Cère since the Middle Ages . Protestant troops ravaged and looted the church during the Huguenot Wars in 1569 . These conflicts particularly affected the Landes because they are in the neighborhood of the Béarn , whose religion was officially Protestantism as opposed to the rest of France, which had remained Catholic . In the 18th century, the Poyferré family from Mont-de-Marsan obtained the manor. In the 19th century sheep farming was the main occupation of the residents. The landlord Jean-Marie de Poyferré de Cère founded a model sheep farm on his property. Napoleon Bonaparte appointed him in 1806 as head of the introduction of merino sheep into the Landes, then as chief inspector of the imperial sheep farms. The rearing of 1,200 merino sheep from Spain turned out to be a failure. Under the reign of the French Emperor Napoleon III. were pine trees planted. The main source of income shifted from sheep breeding to forestry, which gave the community a new boost. A metalworking company that started in 1874 quickly came to a standstill.
Cère owned a station on the railway line that connected Mont-de-Marsan to Luxey and opened in 1906. In 1955 the transport of people was stopped, in 1959 the freight transport.
Population development
After records began, the population rose to around 600 by the middle of the 19th century. In the following period, the size of the community fell to 225 inhabitants with brief recovery phases until the 1970s, before a growth phase began that has recently declined slightly showed.
year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2010 | 2017 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Residents | 249 | 254 | 225 | 258 | 279 | 274 | 383 | 407 | 411 |
Attractions
Parish Church of Saint Martin
The original church was looted and damaged by Protestant troops in 1569. It was replaced by a new building in neo-Gothic style in 1866 according to plans by the architect of the department, Alexandre Ozanne, with financial support from the Poyferré de Cère family. The church, consecrated to Martin von Tours , has a nave with three naves with a length of five bays , which is extended with a three-walled apse . This is flanked by two sacristies . The side aisles are separated from the main nave by pointed arch arcades that rest on square pillars. On the western side a bell tower rises from the facade, which is equipped with an octagonal helmet . At the base of the helmet, at each corner of the tower, there are ridge turrets with aedicules on the tower in between. At the foot of the bell tower is the entrance portal in the form of a pressed pointed arch, above a twin window in round arches. Above it, in turn, a tower clock shows passers-by the time. Sloping buttresses surround the structure. Its roofs are covered with slate and its windows are ogive. Inside, a gallery opens up on the first floor to the nave. The naves are covered with a false ribbed vault.
The equipment of the church was almost completely renewed in the new building in 1866. Only two oil paintings are from the earlier church. One is from the 18th century and shows the blind Paul who is miraculously healed by Ananias of Damascus . It is an interpretation by an unknown artist of the original by Pietro da Cortona from 1631. The painting of this church was restored in 1988. The other painting dates from the first half of the 19th century, was kept in the sacristy in 1988 and has been lost since then. A set of three leaded glass windows was created by an unknown artist at the same time as the new church was built. The window in the longitudinal axis shows a representation of the good shepherd . It also bears the coat of arms of the Poyferré de Cère family. The donors are likely to have been Simon Charles de Poyferré and his brother Jean, and the choice of motif could be related to the activities of their father, who was the chief inspector of the imperial sheep farms in Rambouillet and who founded a famous model sheep farm in Cère. The other two windows show the patron saint of the church, St. Martin, and Mary with baby Jesus . Mary wears an open crown and holds a lily, the baby Jesus wears a closed crown and carries a dove. The described and many other items of equipment of the church are registered as national cultural assets.
Castle of Cère
When the Poyferré family gained the manorial power in the 18th century, they built the castle in Cère in the high-classic style . It consists of a three-story residential wing with an adjoining square pavilion . When Jean-Marie de Poyferré de Cère inherited it, he had his model sheep farm built on the property and set up a breeding facility for merino sheep from Spain. At the location of the former sheep farm building, a memorial column today commemorates that time.
Economy and Infrastructure
Trade and services are the main economic drivers of the community.
education
The municipality has a public preschool and elementary school with 42 pupils in the 2017/2018 school year.
traffic
Cère is crossed by Route départementale 651, the former Route nationale 651 .
Web links
- Cère on the association's website (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cère ( fr ) Gasconha.com. Archived from the original on March 1, 2018. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ^ A b Cère ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on September 9, 2016. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ Landes ( fr ) habitants.fr. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ^ Cere ( fr ) Communauté de communes Cœur Haute Lande. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ Ma commune: Cère ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ a b Château de Cère ( fr ) chateau-fort-manoir-chateau.eu. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ Description of the line Luxey / Mont-de-Marsan ( fr ) Voies ferrées des Landes. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ Notice Communale Cère ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Cère (40081) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ Populations légales 2015 Commune de Cère (40081) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ église paroissiale Saint-Martin ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ Saint-Martin ( fr ) Observatoire du patrimoine religieux. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ le mobilier de l'église paroissiale Saint-Martin ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ tableau: Ananie rendant la vue à saint Paul ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ^ Tableau: Saint Martin ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ ensemble de 3 verrières: Bon Pasteur, Saint Martin, Vierge à l'Enfant (baies 0 à 2) ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Cère (40081) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ^ École maternelle et élémentaire ( fr ) National Ministry of Education. Retrieved March 1, 2018.