List of heads of state 1405

Persia
- Sultan ( Timurid dynasty): Timur Lenk (1370–1405)
- Sultan ( Timurid dynasty): Pir Muhammad (1405)
- Sultan ( Timurid dynasty): Khalil Sultan (1405–1406)

Sukhothai
- King : Sai Lüthai Mahathammaracha III. (1398-1419)

Trebizond
- Emperor : Manuel III. (1390-1417)

Europe

Andorra
- Co-princes :
  - Countess of Foix : Isabelle (1398–1428)
  - Count of Foix: Archambaud de Grailly (1398–1412)
  - Bishop of Urgell : Galcerand de Vilanova (1388-1415)

Byzantine Empire
- Emperor : Manuel II. Palaiologos (1391–1425)

Denmark (1397–1523 personal union with Norway and Sweden)
- Queen : Margaret I (1387–1412)
- King: Erich VII (1397–1439)

Teutonic Order State
- Grand Master : Konrad von Jungingen (1393–1407)

England
- King : Henry IV (1399–1413)

France
- King : Charles VI, the Mad (1380–1422)

Holy Roman Empire
- King : Ruprecht (1400–1410)
- Electorates
  - Archbishopric of Cologne
    - Archbishop : Friedrich III. von Saar Werden (1370–1414)
  - Archbishopric Mainz
    - Archbishop : Johann II of Nassau (1397–1419)
  - Archbishopric Trier
    - Archbishop : Werner III. von Falkenstein (1388-1418)
  - Bohemia
    - King : Wenceslaus IV (1378–1419)
  - Brandenburg
    - Margrave : Jobst of Moravia (1388–1411)
  - Electoral Palatinate
    - Count Palatine : Ruprecht III. (1398-1410)
  - Saxony
    - Elector : Rudolf III. (1388-1419)
- spiritual principalities
  - Hochstift Augsburg
    - Bishop : Eberhard II of Kirchberg (1404–1413)
  - Bamberg Monastery
    - Bishop : Albrecht von Wertheim (1398–1421)
  - Hochstift Basel
    - Bishop : Humbert of Neuchâtel (1395 / 99-1417)
  - Besançon Archbishopric
    - Archbishop : Thiébaud de Rougemont (1405–1429)
  - Brandenburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Heinrich III. von Bodendiek (1393–1406)
  - Archbishopric Bremen
    - Archbishop : Otto II of Braunschweig-Lüneburg (1395–1406)
  - Brixen monastery
    - Bishop : Ulrich Prustl (1396–1417)
  - Cambrai Monastery
    - Bishop : Pierre d'Ailly (1398–1411)
  - Hochstift Cammin
    - Bishop : Nikolaus Bock von Schippenbeil (1398–1410)
  - Chiemsee Abbey
    - Bishop : Engelmar Chrel (1399–1422)
  - Chur Monastery
    - Bishop : Hartmann II of Werdenberg-Sargans (1388–1416)
  - Eichstätt Monastery
    - Bishop : Friedrich IV of Oettingen (1383–1415)
  - Hochstift Freising
    - Bishop : Berthold von Wehingen (1381–1410)
  - Geneva Monastery
    - Bishop : Guillaume de Lornay (1388–1408)
  - Hochstift Gurk
    - Bishop : Conrad III. von Hebenstreit (1402–1411) (1411–1412 Bishop of Freising)
  - Halberstadt Monastery
    - Bishop : Rudolf II of Anhalt (1401–1406)
  - Hochstift Havelberg
    - Bishop : Otto I. von Rohr (1401–1427)
  - Hildesheim Monastery
    - Bishop : John I of Hoya (1399–1424)
  - Constance monastery
    - Bishop : Marquard von Randegg (1398–1406)
  - Lausanne bishopric
    - Bishop : Guillaume III. de Menthonay (1394–1406)
  - Lübeck bishopric
    - Bishop : John VI. Hundebeke (1399-1420)
  - Liège Monastery
    - Elect : Johann VI. of Bavaria-Hainaut (1389-1418)
  - Archbishopric Magdeburg
    - Archbishop : Günther II. Von Schwarzburg (1403–1445)
  - Meissen Abbey
    - Bishop : Thimo von Colditz (1399–1410)
  - Merseburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Otto von Honstein (1403–1406)
  - Metz bishopric
    - Bishop : Rudolf von Coucy (1388-1415)
  - Hochstift Minden
    - Bishop : Otto IV. Von Rietberg (1403–1406)
  - Monastery of Münster
    - Bishop : Otto IV. Von Hoya (1392–1424)
  - Naumburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Ulrich II. Von Radefeld (1394–1409)
  - Osnabrück Monastery
    - Bishop : Heinrich I of Schaumburg-Holstein (1402–1410)
  - Paderborn Monastery
    - Bishop : Wilhelm I von Berg (1401–1414)
  - Passau bishopric
    - Bishop : Georg von Hohenlohe (1390–1423)
  - Ratzeburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Detlef von Berkentin (1395–1419)
  - Regensburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Johann von Moosburg (1384–1409)
  - Archbishopric Salzburg
    - Archbishop : Eberhard III. von Neuhaus (1403–1427)
  - Schwerin Monastery
    - Bishop : Rudolf von Mecklenburg-Stargard (1390–1415)
  - Seckau monastery
    - Bishop : Friedrich II. Von Perneck (1399-1414)
  - Hochstift Sitten
    - Bishop : Wilhelm V of Raron (1402–1417)
  - Speyer Monastery
    - Bishop : Raban von Helmstatt (1396–1438)
  - Strasbourg Monastery
    - Bishop : Wilhelm II of Diest (1394–1439)
  - Toul Monastery
    - Bishop : Philip II. De la Ville-sur-Illon (1399–1409)
  - Hochstift Trento
    - Bishop : George I of Liechtenstein (1390–1419)
  - Utrecht Monastery
    - Bishop : Friedrich von Blankenheim (1393–1423)
  - Verden Monastery
    - Bishop : Conrad III. von Soltau (1400–1407)
  - Verdun Monastery
    - Bishop : John VI. from Saarbrücken (1403 / 04-1419)
  - Hochstift Worms
    - Bishop : Eckard von Dersch (1370–1405)
    - Bishop: Matthew of Krakow (1405–1410)
  - Würzburg Monastery
    - Bishop : Johann I von Egloffstein (1400–1411)
- secular principalities
  - Stop
    - Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg
      - Prince : Bernhard V (1404–1420)
    - Principality of Anhalt-Köthen
      - Prince : Sigismund I (1382 / 96–1405)
      - Prince: George I (1405–1474)
    - Anhalt-Zerbst
      - Prince : Albrecht III. (1382 / 96–1424)
  - to bathe
    - Margrave : Bernhard I (1372–1431)
  - Bavaria
    - Bavaria-Ingolstadt
      - Duke : Stephan III. the Kneißl (1375 / 92–1413)
    - Bavaria-Landshut
      - Duke : Henry XVI. (1393-1450)
    - Bavaria-Munich (joint rule)
      - Duke : Ernst (1397–1438)
      - Duke: Wilhelm III. (1397-1435)
    - Bavaria-Straubing-Holland
      - Duke : Johann III. Without grace (1404–1425) (in Straubing)
      - Duke: Wilhelm II (1404–1417) (in the Netherlands)
  - Berg (1348–1395 personal union with Ravensberg)
    - Duke : Wilhelm II. (1360–1408) (count until 1380)
  - Brabant and Limburg
    - Duchess : Johanna (1356-1406)
  - Duchy of Brunswick-Lueneburg
    - Braunschweig-Göttingen
      - Duke : Otto II (1394–1463)
    - Braunschweig-Grubenhagen
      - Duke: Erich I (1383-1427) (until 1389 under guardianship)
    - Braunschweig-Lüneburg (1400–1409 in personal union with Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel)
      - Duke : Bernhard I (1388–1409) (1428–1434)
      - Duke: Henry I the Meek (1388–1416)
    - Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (1400–1409 in personal union with Braunschweig-Lüneburg)
      - Duke : Bernhard I (1400–1428)
      - Duke: Henry I the Meek (1388–1409)
  - Flanders
    - Countess : Margaret III. (1384-1405)
    - Count: Johann Ohnefurcht (1404–1419)
  - Geldern (1393-1423 in personal union with Jülich)
    - Duke : Rainald IV. (1402–1423)
  - Hanau (common rule)
    - Lord : Reinhard II. (1404–1452) (count from 1429)
    - Lord: Johann (1404–1411)
  - Hainaut (personal union with Holland)
    - Count : Wilhelm IV. (1404–1417)
  - Hesse
    - Landgrave : Hermann II. (1376-1413)
  - Holland (personal union with Hainaut)
    - Count : Wilhelm VI. (1404-1417)
  - Jülich (1393–1423 in personal union with funds)
    - Duke : Rainald I (1402–1423)
  - Kleve
    - Count : Adolf II (1394–1448) (from 1417 duke)
  - Ortenburg
    - Count : Georg I (1395–1422)
  - Austria
    - Duke : Albrecht V (1404–1439) (1438–1439 Roman-German King, 1438–1439 King of Bohemia, 1437–1439 King of Hungary)
  - Ravensberg
    - Count : Wilhelm II. (1402–1428)
  - Styria , Carinthia , Carniola and Friuli
    - Duke : Wilhelm (1386–1406)
  - Tyrol and foreland
    - Duke : Leopold IV. (1395-1411)
  - Württemberg
    - Count : Eberhard III., The Mild (1392–1417)

Italian states
- Estonian
  - Margrave : Azzo IX. (1384-1415)
- Ferrara, Modena and Reggio
  - Lord : Niccolò III. d'Este (1393–1441)
- Genoa
  - occupied by France (1396-1413)
- Papal States
  - Pope : Innocent VII (1404–1406)
- Milan
  - Duke : Giovanni Maria Visconti (1402–1412)
- Mantua
  - Count : Francesco I. Gonzaga (1382–1407)
- Montferrat
  - Margrave : Theodor II (1381-1418)
- Naples
  - King : Ladislaus (1386-1414)
- Rimini
  - Lord : Carlo Malatesta (1385–1429)
- Saluzzo
  - Margrave : Thomas III. (1391-1416)
- San Marino
  - Capitano Reggente: Antonio di Tegna (1404–1405)
  - Capitano Reggente: Antonio di Marino di Fosco (1404–1405)
  - Capitano Reggente: Giovanni di Guidino (1405)
  - Capitano Reggente: Michele di Giovanni (1405)
  - Capitano Reggente: Bettino di Paolo (1405)
  - Capitano Reggente: Marino di Ghino (1405-1406)
  - Capitano Reggente: Foschino di Benedetto Madroni (1405–1406)
- Savoy
  - Count : Amadeus VIII. (1391–1434 / 39) (from 1416 duke)
- Sicily
  - King : Martin I (1392–1409)
- Venice
  - Doge : Michele Steno (1400-1413)

Moldova
- Prince : Alexander the Good (1400–1432)

Monaco
- Seigneur (in exile): Rainier II. (1357–1407)

Norway
- Queen : Margaret I (1380–1412)

Ottoman Empire
- Sultan : dispute over the succession to the throne (1402-1413)

Poland
- King : Władysław II. Jagiełło (1386–1434)

Portugal
- King : John I (1385–1433)

Russia
- Grand Duke : Vasily I (1389–1425)

Scotland
- King : Robert III. (1390-1406)

Sweden
- Queen : Margaret I (1380–1412)

Spanish states
- Aragon
  - King : Martin I (1396–1410) (1409–1410 King of Sicily)
- Granada
  - Nasrid ruler : Muhammad VII (1392-1408)
- Castile
  - King : Heinrich III. (1390-1406)
- Navarre
  - King : Charles III. (1387-1425)
- Urgell
  - Count : Peter (1347–1408)

Hungary
- King : Sigismund (1387–1437)

Wallachia
- Prince : Mircea the Old (1386–1394) (1397–1418)

Zeta
- Prince : Balša III. (1403-1421)

Cyprus
- King : Janus (1398–1432)