St. Wendel

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of St. Wendel
St. Wendel
Map of Germany, position of the city of St. Wendel highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 28 '  N , 7 ° 10'  E

Basic data
State : Saarland
County : St. Wendel
Height : 300 m above sea level NHN
Area : 113.54 km 2
Residents: 25,809 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 227 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 66606
Primaries : 06851, 06854, 06856, 06858
License plate : WND
Community key : 10 0 46 117
LOCODE : DE SWE
City structure: 16 districts

City administration address : 		Rathausplatz 1
66606 St. Wendel
Website : www.sankt-wendel.de
Mayor : Peter Klär ( CDU )
Location of the town of St. Wendel in the St. Wendel district
Nonnweiler Nohfelden Freisen Tholey Oberthal (Saar) Marpingen Namborn St. Wendel Rheinland-Pfalz Landkreis Merzig-Wadern Landkreis Saarlouis Landkreis Neunkirchenmap
About this picture
View of the city center (location: west-south-west)
View from the Bosenberg; in the background the Schaumberg

St. Wendel ( listen ? / I ) is the county town of the same district in the northeast of the Saarland . It is located around 36 km northeast of the state capital Saarbrücken and is named after St. Wendelin . Audio file / audio sample

geography

Geographical location

St. Wendel is located on the Blies at the foot or west of the Bosenberg at an altitude of 286 m above sea level. NN. (Fruit market). The highest point is the Bosenberg at 485 m, the deepest point at 260 m is the point where the Blies leaves the urban area for Ottweiler .

City structure

St. Wendel includes 16 districts, these are Bliesen , Bubach , Dörrenbach , Hoof , Leitersweiler , Marth, Niederkirchen , Niederlinxweiler , Oberlinxweiler , Osterbrücken , Remmesweiler, Saal, Urweiler , Werschweiler , Winterbach and the core town of St. Wendel.

climate

The annual precipitation is 941 mm and is thus in the upper fifth of the values ​​recorded by the measuring points of the German Weather Service . Over 81% indicate lower values. The driest month is April; it rains most in December. In the wettest month, around 1.6 times more rain falls than in the driest month. The seasonal fluctuations in precipitation are in the middle third. In 53% of all locations, the monthly precipitation fluctuates less.
Precipitation diagram

history

From the beginning to the middle of the 19th century

The center of the town of St. Wendel was probably formed by the court of a landlord from the Merovingian period (late 6th century) named Baso . This is how the place name Basonevillare , d. H. Baso estate. This name would probably have evolved into Bosenweiler in our time - had it not been for the veneration of Wendalinus. Baso's farm was on the shoulder of the Bosenberg, between the Todbach and the Bosenbach. In the middle of the 7th century, the Bishop of Verdun , Paulus, bought Basonevillare. He also inherited the Tholey Foundation (at that time still without a monastery) from a Frankish nobleman, Adalgisil, nicknamed Grimo . In this way the area of ​​St. Wendel came to Verdun for centuries. Around 600 a man probably lived here who was greatly revered by the population after his death. This gave rise to the cult of St. Wendelin (lat. Wendalinus ). As a result of this veneration, an extensive pilgrimage developed in the centuries after his death, which ultimately led to the old settlement name Basonevillare being replaced by St. Wendel in the 11th and 12th centuries .

The Counts of Blieskastel , whose possessions stretched from northern Lorraine on both sides of the Blies across the Hunsrück to Bernkastel on the Moselle , today's Bernkastel-Kues , laid in the Blies lowlands (today the area of ​​the underground car park in the Mott) possibly a moated castle that served to protect the ambitious place of pilgrimage. This water castle typically consisted of a heaped mound of earth with a residential tower, surrounded by a palisade fence and a moat. Such a plant was called a moth . The presence of the field name "Mott" in St. Wendel leads to conclusions about this early castle complex; Otherwise there is no evidence or evidence for this.

In the 9th or early 10th century a church was built on the site of today's basilica, in which the relic “Saint Wendalinus” is kept today. Several markets arose parallel to the pilgrimage. a. the spiral market , the central market of the entire environment for livestock, clothing and utensils. Castle, courtyard and church did not gradually grow together until the 14th century.

In 1326/28 the Elector and Archbishop of Trier Baldwin of Luxembourg acquired the castle and village of St. Wendel. With the acquisition of St. Wendels by Baldwin, the settlement gradually developed into a medieval town. First Kurtrier bailiff (Viscount) of the Office of St. Wendel was Jacob (Jacomin) of Montclair (Monkler). As a representative of the elector, he had a new castle built after 1328. It is believed that at Archbishop Balduin's behest, construction of the new pilgrimage church began. At the Reichstag in Nuremberg in 1332, Baldwin received from Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian the so-called collecting privilege for 29 cities, villages, castles and chapels in his area, which he was able to equip with the rights contained in the Frankfurt city charter. The St. Wendel historian Max Müller interpreted this document as a "town charter for St. Wendel" in his standard work on the history of St. Wendel (up to the First World War) (this misinterpretation continues to have an effect, although it was already considered false by experts in Müller's time recognized). St. Wendel became a town in the 14th century, but no formal granting of town charter is known. Balduin's successor, Archbishop Werner von Falkenstein , had a 650 meter long wall built around the city in 1388; At that time, access to the city center was formed by a single gate (today upper Balduinstrasse at the level of the Bernhard Salon). At that time around 500 people lived in St. Wendel.

Today's fruit market has always been a marketplace; In 1440 it received an increase when the archbishop of Trier at the time gave the place, called “Kaff”, to the parish with the stipulation that a large department store be built there; this later became the first town hall. The middle class (mostly craftsmen and traders) settled in the houses around the parish church . Guilds were formed and the lay judges gave them a say in the city administration . In 1455 the St. Wendeler Hospital was established as a private foundation; In 1460, the parish church was completed under the pastor Nikolaus von Cues. In the middle of the 15th century the population had risen to 700.

St. Wendel, painting in the meeting room of the town hall "Emperor Maximilian visits the city of St. Wendel in 1512, 2.50 mx 6.00 m" (Walter Hannig)

In 1512, Emperor Maximilian visited the city of St. Wendel during his stay at the Trier Reichstag. In September 1522, the city experienced the only siege in its history by the troops of Franz von Sickingen . After two days of continuous bombardment on the wall (which held up) and three unsuccessful storms by Sickingen's troops, the Kurtrier garrison (60 riders) capitulated. While Franz moved on to Trier, his son Johann stayed in the city. The siege of Trier had to be broken off on September 14th, and parts of the army withdrew via St. Wendel. Thereupon two companies of Trier infantry and a pennon of horsemen appeared in front of the city and asked for the surrender. The following night, Johann von Sickingen fled through “a breach in the city wall”. This point, which could never be precisely located, is still called “Sickinger Hole” today (this hole probably didn't even exist in the wall, as the wall had not collapsed anywhere). An inscription and a walled-in cannonball on a buttress on the south side of the Wendalinus basilica commemorate the siege, but it was only installed there in 1922.

In 1514 and 1589 large parts of the city were burned to rubble and ashes. Almost 50 years later billeting and contributions (contributions to the maintenance of occupation troops ) brought the city to the brink of ruin during the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648).

On February 2, 1677, all houses were burned down by French troops under General Comte de Bissy, Turenne's successor, with a few exceptions ( Candlemas 1677). The city wall was razed. The old town hall and the electoral castle were also devastated.

During the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714), the city was again occupied and looted. For a long time, trade and industry could not recover. The clean-up work could not begin until 1714.

In the War of the Polish Succession (1733–1736), the War of the Austrian Succession (1741–1748) and the Seven Years War (1756–1763), troops marched through St. Wendel, and contributions had to be made.

The urban development of the city had long been characterized by a great contrast between the very high residential density in the walled area of ​​the old town and the low residential density outside. The city wall disappeared towards the end of the century and the city began to expand a little. The trades, especially the wool and leather industries, revived. There were large companies with over 100 looms. Merchants from Saarbrücken and Strasbourg met their need for good cloths here, while the tanneries brought their leather products to the Frankfurt fair . A wealthy upper class soon formed, and numerous splendid residential and farm buildings were built. The Wendelsdom was provided with a three-tiered baroque dome in 1753 . In addition, numerous urban development measures took place (for example the construction of roads, development of the castle grounds, relocation of the cemetery from the basilica in front of the upper gate of the city).

During the Revolutionary Wars , St. Wendel suffered from looting and billeting by troops on both sides from 1792 onwards. The introduction of the freedom of trade abolished the old guild regulations, whereby many masters became unemployed, as there were no more price fixings and botchers worked under price. From 1798 the canton St. Wendel belonged to the arrondissement Saarbrücken in the Saar department . Gradually some prosperity came back into the slowly but steadily expanding city. The lower city gate in Kelsweilerstraße was demolished (1774) and a bridge over the Todtbach (1809) and a bridge over the Blies built in what is now Bahnhofstraße (1820); the Bahnhofstrasse in an early form was laid out. On January 9, 1814, Field Marshal von Blücher proclaimed the resumption of free trade between the Saardepartement and the area on the right bank of the Rhine in St. Wendel.

In 1816 Duke Ernst I of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld was assigned the cantons of St. Wendel , Grumbach and Baumholder (together around 20,000 inhabitants) for his services in the Wars of Liberation (against Napoleon) . From 1819 he named this area the Principality of Lichtenberg , the boundaries of which are still largely unchanged today in those of the Evangelical Church District of St. Wendel. The ducal government was successful in financial and economic policy (on behalf of the duke, who was always short of money, they tried to squeeze out the population to the last, but in return they failed to invest), but they tried to take over the judiciary subject to state control by appointing judges and administrative officials in personal union. The confidence of the Lichtenbergers in an independent judiciary dwindled. After the formation of a district administrator, the population hoped to have a say in legislation, tax policy, etc., but Duke Ernst made decisions on his own in many cases, in which, for example, he no longer convened the district administrator. The population became increasingly dissatisfied, which led to unrest. In the course of the liberal movement after the Hambach Festival in 1832, the disputes escalated. The mini-revolts of the population were put down with the help of Prussian troops from Saarlouis . In 1834 the Duke sold the land to the Kingdom of Prussia . St. Wendel became a district town in the Trier administrative district , which was part of the Rhine province .

The Prussian state made St. Wendel a garrison location. By the end of the 19th century, many citizens from the St. Wendel region emigrated to America .

1850 to 1918

In the middle of the 19th century the town of St. Wendel and the nearby towns of Alsfassen and Breiten gradually grew together. Today's Bahnhofstrasse, which led to Niederweiler (in the area around today's train station), was built on, as did Brühlstrasse and Kelsweilerstrasse, which led to Breiten and Alsfassen. In 1859 St. Wendel, Alsfassen and Breiten were merged to form the town of St. Wendel . Further structural measures: street lighting, relocation of the hospital to today's Hospitalstrasse (1818), second relocation of the cemetery to the “Sprietacht” district in Werschweilerstrasse (1814), construction of the Protestant church (1841). The economic situation in St. Wendel only changed in 1860 with the opening of the Rhine-Nahe Railway between Bingen and Saarbrücken, from which the city benefited as a train station and through the construction of the railway workshop. At that time a Jewish community emerged again in St. Wendel. In 1868, St. Wendel became the seat of a Landwehr district command , an institution that not only had considerable military importance, but also significantly increased the central local importance of the city and the district office. Out of gratitude, the city awarded the commanding General Eberhard Herwarth von Bittenfeld , who had campaigned for the St. Wendel location, honorary citizenship just one year later .

Missionshaus St. Wendel: Entire complex

In 1898, the Steyler Mission Society (religious name: Societas Verbi Divini, SVD) founded in the Netherlands in 1875 began to establish a branch in St. Wendel; she bought the 320 hectare "Langenfelderhof" (also called "Cettos Hof") for 350,000 Reichsmarks and renamed it "Wendelinushof". The previous owner was the then Rhine Province . The farm, whose origins go back to the 15th century, was, in addition to self-sufficiency, a training center for technical and agricultural professions.

In several construction phases from 1901 to 1914 the mission house with living quarters and school wings were built for training as a friar and religious priest . In 1912 the mission house church was completed. More than 500 priests and brothers were trained here until it was dissolved and expropriated by the National Socialists. From 1941 to 1945 the mission house was a Napola , an elite boarding school for the next generation of National Socialist leaders.

At the turn of the century, in response to the change in the economic and social structure, extensive urban expansion began. As a result, the residential building area more than doubled between 1910 and 1937. During the Nazi era , a large barracks complex was built on the western outskirts of the city on both sides of the arterial road to Winterbach in 1937/38; the owners of the required land were more or less expropriated.

1918 until the end of the Second World War

After the Versailles Treaty came into force in 1920, the city of St. Wendel and the south-western part of the St. Wendel district remained in the Saar area and thus under the administration of the League of Nations . This remained after the seizure of power of the Nazis in 1933 in the German Reich , unlike the time being spared opposition and Jewish citizens from the grip of Nazi persecution in the Reich. The influence of the National Socialist ideology, however, became more and more massive even before the Saar referendum on January 13, 1935 and the subsequent annexation to the German Reich . On May 14, 1933, the TV St. Wendel voluntarily joined the German gymnastics association (TD), which resulted in the exclusion of all Jewish members. On October 13, 1934, the city council decided to rename Bahnhofstrasse to Adolf-Hitler-Strasse and the Schlossplatz to Adolf-Hitler-Platz.

Most of St. Wendel's 136 Jewish citizens fled abroad for fear of persecution after the annexation to the German Reich in 1935. Protected by the "Roman Agreement" valid in the former Saar area , which guaranteed legal emigration under protection of property, almost all St. Wendel Jews sold their property (mostly significantly below value) and left Germany. The St. Wendel Synagogue , newly built in 1902, was destroyed on the Night of the Crystal in 1938, and around 50 Jewish citizens of St. Wendel were murdered as part of the National Socialist persecution.

On March 19, 1945 American troops of the 3rd US Army under George S. Patton (10th Armored Division and 80th Infantry Division) occupied the city and set up a provisional military administration under Captain Stanley R. Jacobs. On July 10, 1945, the city was taken over by French troops.

After 1945

After the Second World War, with the economic miracle, there was another strong expansion in residential development. But the return to the Federal Republic of St. Wendel initially brought a negative development, as in 1960 a large employer had to close with the traditional tobacco factory Marschall. A French garrison was housed in the barracks complex on Tholeyer Strasse from 1951 to July 1999.

Despite all the wars, there was still a lot of historical building stock in the town center of St. Wendel in the 1960s. However, under the post-war mayors Franz Josef Gräff and Jakob Feller , a lack of historical awareness and economically oriented renovation destroyed numerous buildings by the early 1980s. The mayors were known as advocates of the philosophy of area renovation as part of urban development , which was widespread at the time . During her tenure, a number of historically and town-planning important buildings in the St. Wendel town center were demolished in order to be replaced by modern functional buildings. As a result, the originally very well-preserved cityscape in the core area was considerably damaged. Traces of the medieval city can only be seen near the Wendalinus basilica .

The central square of the city, Schlossplatz, was particularly affected by the renovation. There, under Mayor Klaus Bouillon, the entire old house front was torn down on the north side and replaced by historicizing, modern buildings, which only partially reproduce the original house front. This caused a considerable loss of authenticity in the square.

St. Wendel has around 27,000 inhabitants today due to the territorial reform of 1974, when several villages in the surrounding area were moved to the urban area.

Up to the end of the 18th century, the present-day places in the city belonged to different rulers: the Prince Diocese of Trier , Nassau-Saarbrücken , Pfalz-Zweibrücken ; the former Nassau and Palatinate places are still predominantly evangelical. From 1816 to 1834 St. Wendel belonged to the Principality of Lichtenberg , which was subordinate to the Duchy of Saxony-Coburg , and then to Prussia , in whose Rhine province the area was incorporated as the district of St. Wendel . The Bavarian-Palatinate towns of Osterbrücken, Hoof, Niederkirchen, Marth, Saal and Bubach ( Kusel district ) have belonged to the St. Wendel district since 1947 and became part of the town of St. Wendel in 1974 with the municipal reorganization.

In the course of the conversion of the barracks site, the building complexes of the former barracks were structurally changed considerably. The southern part of the barracks was used to expand the adjacent industrial area. A golf course belonging to the network of the Weiland golf courses was laid out on the adjacent practice area .

On December 1, 2000, the name Sankt Wendel was officially changed to St. Wendel .

Religions

Old Jewish cemetery in St. Wendel

While the upper Bliestal, including the main town of St. Wendel, is predominantly Catholic (until 1784, only Catholics were allowed to settle in the Electoral Trier office of St. Wendel), the rest of the Bliestal has roughly equal Protestant and Catholic proportions. The Ostertal is predominantly evangelical . In the area of ​​the city center there are the two Catholic parishes of St. Wendelin and St. Anna (which will be merged with other Catholic parishes in the surrounding areas in 2011 to form a parish community) and the Protestant parish. Jews can be traced back to St. Wendel as early as the 14th century. After they were expelled by the Archbishop of Trier, Otto von Ziegenhain (1418–1430), it took until 1861 (Samuel Daniel) for Jews to settle here again. The Jewish community existed until the Nazi regime. Their synagogue (built in 1902) was on Kelsweilerstrasse; it was set on fire in 1938 and finally demolished in 1943. The town's old Jewish cemetery is located on the road to Baltersweiler at the Elsenbach (Urweiler) junction - already under the spell of Urweiler .

There is a chapel of the New Apostolic Church in Gregor-Wolf-Straße .

Incorporations

population

Population development of St. Wendel from 1979 to 2017 according to the table below
date Residents
December 31, 1979 28,431
December 31, 1983 28,211
December 31, 1998 27,324
December 31, 2000 27.303
December 31, 2002 27,246
December 31, 2004 27.106
date Residents
December 31, 2006 26,967
December 31, 2008 26,582
December 31, 2010 26,208
December 31, 2012 25,977
December 31, 2017 25,959
December 31, 2018 25,862

politics

Local elections 2019
Turnout: 70.7% (2014: 60.9%)
 %
60
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
54.2%
21.5%
4.9%
4.1%
9.2%
6.1%
Gains and losses
compared to 2014
 % p
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-10
-8.6  % p
-4.6  % p
-0.3  % p
+ 2.3  % p
+ 5.1  % p
+ 6.1  % p.p.

City council

The municipal council election on May 26, 2019 led to the following result (with comparative figures from the previous three elections):

2019 2014 2009 2004
be right % Seats be right % Seats be right % be right %
Eligible voters 21,410 100 39 21,836 100 39 22,102 100 22,110 100
Voters 15,142 70.7 - 13,309 60.9 - 14,019 63.4 13,473 60.9
Invalid 275 01.9 - 270 02.0 - 285 02.0 596 04.4
Valid 14,867 98.1 - 13,039 98.0 - 13,734 98.0 12,877 95.6
Political party
CDU 8,064 54.2 22nd 8,183 62.8 26th 8,593 62.6 8,437 65.5
SPD 3,196 21.5 9 3,404 26.1 10 3,043 22.2 3,503 27.2
Green 1,362  09.2 3 530 04.1 1 483 03.5 550 04.3
FDP 609 04.1 1 239 01.8 0 488 03.6 387 03.0
The left 727 04.9 2 683 05.2 2 1,127 08.2 - -
AfD 909 06.1 2 - - - - - - -

Traditionally, the CDU is the strongest force in the city. With the exception of the election year 1956 (41.3%), it has always ruled with an absolute majority.

Town hall on Schlossplatz

Local council

For the local council St. Wendel (city center) the following official final result resulted:

  • CDU 71.4% (10 seats)
  • SPD 18.6% (2 seats)
  • Green 10.0% (1 seat)

mayor

Klaus Bouillon at the 2007 city marathon
  • 1835–1869: Carl Wilhelm Rechlin,
  • 1869–1893: Carl August Theodor Müller,
  • 1894–1918: Karl Alfred Friedrich,
  • 1919–1920: Heinrich Mettlich,
  • 1921–1935: Emil Flory,
  • 1935–1945: Kurt Eichner , NSDAP
  • 1946–1956: Jakob Fuchs, CVP
  • 1956–1974: Franz Gräff, CDU
  • 1974–1982: Jakob Feller , CDU
  • 1983–2014: Klaus Bouillon , CDU
  • since 2015: Peter Klär , CDU

Town twinning

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

St. Wendel has good traffic connections in north-south direction. The B 41 and the railway line 680 in the direction of Birkenfeld and Idar-Oberstein (north) and Neunkirchen (Saar) (south) run parallel to the Blies (or north to Nahe ). Both the federal road and the railway line continue to Bad Kreuznach and Saarbrücken. The B 41 crosses the city area without crossing as a motor road . There are five connection points in the city area (from south to north: St. Wendel- Niederlinxweiler , - Oberlinxweiler , -City, - Winterbach , -Alsfassen). It has three lanes between the Niederlinxweiler and City junctions. In St. Wendel, coming from Lebach , the B 269 meets the B 41 (at the Winterbach junction) and runs with it to Birkenfeld. On the southeastern edge of the urban area, the B 420 connects the city of Ottweiler with the neighboring Palatinate .

Wendalinus cycle path, beginning at St. Wendel
Wendalinus cycle path, ascent at Tholey

Street

The next motorways are about 20 minutes away by car from St. Wendel.

train

Nahe Valley Railway : All trains, regional express and regional trains stop at St. Wendel station . This guarantees an hourly connection via the Nahe Valley Railway to the Rhine-Main area and three hourly connections to the state capital Saarbrücken. The next stops of the Regional Express trains are Türkismühle and Ottweiler . In the direction of Türkismühle they end in Mainz Hbf or Frankfurt am Main Hbf , in the direction of Ottweiler in Saarbrücken Hbf . In addition to St. Wendel, there are stops in Ober- and Niederlinxweiler , at which Regional Express trains only occasionally stop.

Ostertalbahn : The St. Wendel districts Dörrenbach, Werschweiler, Niederkirchen, Marth and Osterbrücken have stops on the Ostertalbahn, which leads to Schwarzerden . Today, mainly tourist museum railway operations and sporadic freight traffic are handled on this branch line.

Railway line St. Wendel – Tholey : A single-track railway line ran from St. Wendel via the district of Bliesen and Oberthal to Tholey , the planned continuation of which remained unfinished as far as Lebach . In 1984 passenger traffic on this route was stopped. First the section from Oberthal to Tholey was shut down, later the rest of the route, on which freight traffic had still taken place.

In the meantime, the entire route from St. Wendel to Tholey has been expanded into an asphalt bike and hiking path, the Wendalinus bike path.

air traffic

Due to the relatively high density of commercial airports in the region, St. Wendel is roughly the same distance from three airports.

The distance to Frankfurt am Main International Airport is 159 km. For general aviation, there is the Marpingen airfield in the neighboring municipality of Marpingen .

Local businesses

  • Industry: Medical technology ( Fresenius Medical Care ), electronics, HIL Heeresinstandsetzunglogistik GmbH (previously: System repair center), Hörmann Industries
  • Manufactory: Stamer Group with the companies Stamer Musikanlagen GmbH and Music & Sales and the brands Hughes & Kettner , HK Audio and MindPrint: guitar amplifiers, sound systems.
  • Trade: Headquarters of the Globus Group , whose founder Franz Bruch (1801–1865) came from Zweibrücken. He learned the trade with the St. Wendel merchant family Cetto and took over their business in 1829. This is how today's Globus Group developed.

dishes

St. Wendel has a district court that belongs to the Saarbrücken regional court and OLG district.

schools

General education schools

  • Primary schools: Nikolaus Obertreis School, Bliesen Primary School, Oberlinxweiler Primary School, Niederkirchen Primary School
  • Community school: Extended secondary school in St. Wendel
  • Grammar schools: Arnold-Janssen-Gymnasium , Cusanus-Gymnasium , Gymnasium Wendalinum
  • Adult Education Center of the City of St. Wendel
  • Adult Education Center of the St. Wendel district

Vocational schools and technical schools

  • Dr. Walter Bruch School with the Commercial Vocational Training Center of the District of St. Wendel, the Social Care Vocational Training Center of the District of St. Wendel and the Technical and Commercial Vocational Training Center of the District of St. Wendel.
  • Technical school for elderly care
  • Technical school for nursing
  • Vocational school for cosmetics and medical foot care
  • Business training academy
  • Music school in the district of St. Wendel e. V.
  • Fun Music School
  • Saar-Technikum HTL, state-recognized substitute school, technical college, subject areas: mechanical, electrical and structural engineering

Special schools

  • Helene Demuth Schule, special needs school for learning in the district of St. Wendel, special needs education center
  • Wingertschule, special school for social development

Kindergartens

  • St. Wendelin Children's Home (HOSPITAL Foundation)
  • Daycare center Rasselbande e. V.
  • Ev. Kindergarten Niederkirchen
  • Ev. Kindergarten Niederlinxweiler
  • Catholic Kindergarten Niederlinxweiler
  • Kath. KiTa St. Remigius
  • St. Anna day care center
  • Winterbach daycare center
  • Protestant
  • Lebenshilfe St. Wendel
  • Waldorf kindergarten

fire Department

The St. Wendel fire brigade is a voluntary fire brigade . It was founded in 1865. On December 16, 1978, the fire station was inaugurated at its current location. The district operations center was opened on May 11, 1983 and alerted units of the fire brigade and disaster control throughout the district until it was handed over to the integrated control center in Saarbrücken on January 30, 2014 . The fire brigade also provides regional help - it covers fire protection for 16 localities and takes over tasks in the entire district with special vehicles.

Culture

Museums

  • City Museum St. Wendel in the Mia Munster House . In the museum, designed by the renowned architect Hanns Schönecker , around 5 temporary exhibitions are shown each year with works by artists who have something to do with the Saarland (for example, sculptors who work on the Street of Sculptures ( see below), or professors from the Art Academy Saarbrücken, but also regionally known artists). There is also a permanent exhibition of works by the St. Wendel artist Mia Münster and a city history section with, among other things, interesting facts about the popular saint Wendelinus, who gave the city of St. Wendel its name. But the emphasis is on the history of the 18th and 19th centuries: works by the pastel painter Nikolaus Lauer , the tragic story of Duchess Luise von Sachsen-Coburg and Gotha , ancestral mother of the Windsors (mother of Prince Albert, husband of Queen Victoria of Great Britain) , Music by the composer Philipp Jakob Riotte , born in St. Wendel, who was almost better known than Mozart in his day.
  • Mission and Ethnological Museum ( Steyler Missionaries )
  • Local history museum in Dörrenbach . In the smallest district of St. Wendel, Dörrenbach, a museum for everyday village culture has been set up, which documents the way of life of the former rural village population.

Cultural projects / events

Leo Kornbrust
Part of the sculpture street near Namborn
  • Street of the Sculptures (St. Wendel) . In 1971 the St. Wendel sculptor Leo Kornbrust initiated the"International StoneSculptorSymposium St. Wendel", which is now known throughout Europe, during which numerous large-scale sculptures by international artists were created. In 1979 these and other new large sculptures were arranged in the natural environment of the “Damra” to form a “Street of Sculptures”, which Kornbrustwanted to understandas a homage to the artist Otto Freundlich , whomhe admired,and his idea of ​​a “ Street of Peace ”. One of the most well-known and internationally renowned participants was the Austrian artist and idea generator for the concept of the sculpture streets, Karl Prantl .
  • Wendelswoche . From around the 11th century, numerous believers made a pilgrimage to the grave of St. Wendalinus in the Wendalinus basilica at the beginning of October . Parallel to the pilgrimage, the Wendelsmarkt was created, the central market in the entire area for cattle, clothing and everyday objects. The Wendelswoche is the traditional highlight of the year-round veneration of the popular saint.
  • Easter and Christmas markets . For several years now, the city administration has been organizing the two markets, which have now gained a good reputation with the public beyond the national borders, as, in contrast to numerous commercial markets, they have retained an independent, lively character.
  • WND JAZZ . Every year in September there is an international jazz festival, the specialty of which is the meeting of the local jazz scene with internationally renowned stars. Among the participants in 2017 was the British jazz musician and anti-Zionist Gilad Atzmon , which led to public criticism of the jazz festival. The Viennese publicist, David Hellbrück, said in a phone call to the Saarbrücker Zeitung (SZ) that Atzmon was a Holocaust denier "even if he did not openly express it because he knew that it could cause him problems". In a correction that was published by the SZ two weeks later, Hellbrück corrected himself: “He did not call the musician a Holocaust denier, writes Hellbrück. He pointed out that Atzmon himself was getting into dangerous proximity to Holocaust deniers. "
  • International street wizards competition . Every year in mid-August, international street wizards meet for a weekend on three action areas in the city center. The event ends with a large open-air gala on Sunday evening, at which the winners will appear.
Albrecht Dürer : " The Four Apostles "
  • Open-air gallery St. Wendel . Numerous wall facades on houses in the city are decorated with classic motifs by artists such as Albrecht Dürer , August Macke , Salvador Dalí and Jan Vermeer . The facade paintings are part of an open-air gallery created by the two local artists Klaus Riefer and Christof Thome.
  • The SR Ferien Open Air St. Wendel . The free school open-air festival has been taking place in the old Bosenbach Stadium since 2018.

Sports

St. Wendel was the organizer of the Cyclocross World Championships in 2005 and 2011.

St. Wendel became known beyond the borders of Germany for the motorcycle races from 1950–1964 , in which all motorcycle world champions of the time competed.

In addition, St. Wendel hosted the 2006 and 2008 three-cushion world championships .

The St. Wendel Marathon has been held annually since 2007 .

An internationally recognized World Class Meeting of the throwing elite in athletics has been held annually since 2011 .

St. Wendel is also known because of the supermoto events that take place almost annually on the Wendelinuspark race track .

In 2012 the scooter world championship took place in St. Wendel .

The Saarland-Palatinate Rally, the opening event for the German Rally Championship, has been held annually in St. Wendel and the surrounding area since 2011 .

gastronomy

Rock mill in winter

Probably the oldest inn is the restaurant “Zum Ochsen”, the history of which as a restaurant should go back to the middle of the 17th century; in fact, in old documents from 1637, an inn "Zum Ochsen" is mentioned. The ambience of the old butcher's shop was retained for the restaurant.

The "Felsenmühle" building in the Alsfassen district dates from the same century. It was also expanded into a restaurant with original furnishings from earlier centuries.

Attractions

Buildings

Wendalinus basilica
View over the Schlossplatz to the Protestant church
View over the Schlossplatz to the town hall
Old Town Hall

Park / green areas

Swimming pools

  • Indoor swimming pool

The Wendelinusbad, a new indoor swimming pool in the Wendelinuspark conversion area, opened for general swimming on March 19, 2008. The Wendelinusbad is a family pool with a 25 meter swimming pool, a teaching pool and a water familiarization area for babies and toddlers.

  • outdoor pool

Personalities

Honorary citizen

sons and daughters of the town

Siegmund Nimsgern

literature

  • Julius Bettingen: History of the city and the office of St. Wendel , St. Wendel 1865.
  • Max Müller: The history of the city of St. Wendel. From their beginnings to the world wars. St. Wendel 1927.
  • Nikolaus Obertreis: City and Country of St. Wendalin. A home book for school and home. Saarbrücken 1927.
  • St. Wendel - 650 years of the city . Edited by the district town of St. Wendel. St. Wendel 1982.
  • Rudolf Kretschmer: History of the City of St. Wendel 1914–1986 , St. Wendel 1986.
  • Elmar Landwehr: The history of the CASINO-Gesellschaft zu St. Wendel from 1855–1935. St. Wendel 1999.
  • St. Wendel. The new image of an old city ; ed. from the district town of St. Wendel; self-published by the city of St. Wendel, 1992.
  • Georg Lauer, Franz J. Gräff: St. Wendel - Old pictures tell , Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2000, ISBN 3-89702-202-8 .
  • Werner Prawdzik, Karsten Mayer, Leo Bach: Hundred (100) years of the St. Wendel Mission House. 1898-1998. Church, art, artist , Steyler, Nettetal 2001, ISBN 3-8050-0425-7 .
  • Reimund Benoist, Günter Stoll and others: Family chronicle for Dörrenbach, Werschweiler and Wetschausen (1672–2002). The Dürrenbach pastors and their families (1364–2002) , Pirrot, St. Wendel 2002, ISBN 3-930714-82-5 .
  • Georg Lauer: St. Wendel in old views , Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2004, ISBN 3-89702-764-X .
  • Roland Geiger u. Gerd Schmitt: Alsfassen and Breiten - Contributions to local history , St. Wendel 2004.
  • Manfred Peter: The holy Wendelin - The story of a fascinating life , Verlag Burr, Otzenhausen 2005, ISBN 3-9806866-5-5 .
  • Roland Geiger: St. Annenbronn - The history of the former St. Annenkapelle in the area of ​​today's short golf course (tee 2) , St. Wendel 2005.
  • Roland Geiger: Walk through St. Wendel , St. Wendel 2005 (the booklet on the city tour).
  • Roland Geiger: Did St. Wendel receive city rights in 1332? , St. Wendel 2007.
  • Roland Geiger: St. Wendel - an important city, current and historical information in and around St. Wendel , St. Wendel 2010
  • Roland Geiger: The old town , St. Wendel 2011 (St. Wendel explored using an old map from 1900).
  • Roland Geiger: The Magdalenenkapelle , St. Wendel 2011 (history of the oldest building in St. Wendel).
  • Roland Geiger: How time flies. St. Wendel then and now , St. Wendel 2011

Web links

Commons : St. Wendel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: S. Wendel in the Topographia Colonia et al. (Matthäus Merian)  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Saarland.de - Official population figures as of December 31, 2019 (PDF; 20 kB) ( help ).
  2. ^ Saarbrücker Zeitung : Peter Klär wins mayoral election of St. Wendel , March 15, 2015
  3. ↑ On the person cf. the "Lombards" of the same name mentioned in the year 1331 by Wolfgang Jungandreas : Historical lexicon of settlement and field names in the Moselle region ( series of publications on Trier national history and folklore 8). Trier 1962/63, p. 692.
  4. ↑ "Before half thousand years ...", Festschrift commemorating the visit of the Emperor Maximilian I in St. Wendel, St. Wendel 2012th
  5. ↑ The railway workshop was initially located opposite the train station on Tholeyerberg, between 1913 and 1915 it was rebuilt on Schwarzen Weg, today Werkstrasse (today: HIL Heeresinstandsetzunglogistik GmbH).
  6. ^ Hanns Klein: The district of St. Wendel 1835–1871. Highlights, notes and notes on its history. In: Contributions to the history of trade, industry and administration in Westrich and on the Saar. For and with Hanns Klein on the occasion of his 75th birthday. Edited by Irmtraut Eder-Stein. Röhrig Universitätsverlag, St. Ingbert 1995 ISBN 9783861100737 , pp. 301–347, p. 340.
  7. ↑ Werner Prawdzik SVD, (Ed.) 100 years of the St. Wendel Mission House. 1898-1998 , Vol. 2, Nettetal 2000
  8. ↑ Saar-Nostalgie- Geographie und Landeskunde , accessed May 2015.
  9. ↑ a b Against forgetting - places of Nazi terror and resistance in the district of St. Wendel (PDF; 3.4 MB), Action 3rd World Saar and Against Forgetting and Against Racism eV Marpingen , February 2015.
  10. ↑ "Aryanization - What happened to the Jewish shops in St. Wendel?" , Against forgetting and against Rassismus eV Marpingen , accessed May 2015.
  11. ^ Roland Geiger: Investigation into the fire of the synagogue in St. Wendel 1947-1950. A documentation. 2nd edition St. Wendel 2016 ISBN 1093215968 .
  12. ↑ Alemannia Judaica - On the history of the Jewish community of St. Wendel , Alemannia Judaica , page accessed May 2015.
  13. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2000
  14. ↑ Stephan Molitor: On the history of the Jews in the late medieval St. Wendel. In: So that it is not forgotten. Contributions to the history of the synagogue communities in the St. Wendel district (= publications of the Adolf-Bender-Zentrum eV 1), ed. by Michael Landau. St. Wendel 1988, pp. 31-44.
  15. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 810 .
  16. ↑ St. Wendel website: Final result of the 2019 municipal council elections , accessed on August 2, 2019
  17. ↑ Homepage Freiwillige Feuerwehr St. Wendel, menu item “General” (accessed on April 25, 2009)  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.ff-wnd.de  
  18. ↑ Thorsten Grim: An anti-Semite at the International Jazz Festival? Retrieved July 29, 2018 .
  19. ^ Saarbrücker Zeitung: David Hellbrück specifies allegations against jazz musicians. Retrieved July 29, 2018 .
  20. ↑ Sports portal. at Sankt-Wendel.de. Archived from the original on July 7, 2012 ; Retrieved August 10, 2012 .
  21. ^ Joachim Conrad: Saarland biographies - Stern Emma. Retrieved March 10, 2018 .

Coordinates

  1. ↑ Sankt Wendel swimming pool 49 ° 27 ′ 44.6 ″  N , 7 ° 11 ′ 3.9 ″  E