Metz district

Basic data
State	Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine
district	Lorraine
Administrative headquarters	Metz
surface	1074 km² (1910)
Residents	113,674 (1910)
Population density	106 inhabitants / km² (1910)
Communities	152 (1910)
Location of the district of Metz

The district of Metz was from 1871 to 1920 a district in the Lorraine district of the realm of Alsace-Lorraine . From 1940 to 1944 he was part of in occupied France built CdZ-region Lorraine set up again. The area of ​​the district is today essentially in the arrondissement of Metz in the French department of Moselle .

The district of Metz in the German Empire

Administrative history

After Alsace-Lorraine fell back to the German Empire as a result of the Frankfurt Peace Treaty , the Metz district was formed in 1871 from the Metz arrondissement without the city of Metz . The district director had his seat in the city of Metz . Thus the district of Metz belonged to the district of Lorraine in the realm of Alsace-Lorraine. On April 1, 1908, the municipalities of Devant-les-Ponts and Plantières with the village of Queuleu from the district were incorporated into the city of Metz, as was the municipality of Le Sablon on April 1. According to the results of the census of December 1, 1900, the district of Metz with 57.1% - next to the district of Château-Salins with 69.7% - was one of the two districts of the realm of Alsace-Lorraine in which a majority of the population was French as Stated mother tongue.

After the end of the First World War , the district was occupied by France in 1918 and, with the entry into force of the Versailles Treaty on January 10, 1920, belonged to France again as the arrondissement of Metz-Campagne.

Population development

Residents	1880	1890	1900	1910
Metz district	53,131	60.186	58,462	68,598

Municipalities with more than 3000 inhabitants (as of 1910):

local community	Residents
Ars on the Moselle	3,541
Maizières near Metz	3,418
Montigny near Metz	14,017
Rombach	6,247
Sablon	10,720
Stahlheim	4,194

District Directors

1871–1876 Sebastian Schmidt00

1876–1880 Julius von Freyberg-Eisenberg (1832–1912)00

1880–1883 Alexander Halm (1840–1913)00

1883–1888 Victor Sittel († 1895)00

1888–1899 Ludwig Gundlach (1837–1921)00

1899–1908 Anton von Villers-Grignoncourt (1849–1911)00

1908–1918 Georg von Loeper (1863–1938)00

Local constitution

Initially, the French law of July 18, 1837 on municipal administration continued to apply during German times. On April 1, 1896, the previous municipal constitution was replaced and the new municipal code for Alsace-Lorraine of June 6, 1895 was introduced. It applied to all municipalities and made no distinction between those with a rural or urban constitution.

Communities

In 1908, the Metz district comprised 154 municipalities:

Achâtel Albums Amanweiler Ancy on the Moselle Anserweiler Antilly Argancy Arry Ars on the Moselle Ars-Laquenexy Augny Ay Ban Saint Martin Bazoncourt Béchy Beux Borny Brittendorf Bronvaux Buchy Chailly at Ennery Chanville Charleville Charly Châtel-Saint-Germain Cheminot Chérisey Chesny Chieulles Coin on the Seille Coin at Cuvry Coincy Colligny Corny Courcelles on the Nied Cuvry Dam Devant-les-Ponts Dornot

Ennery Failly Fêves Féy Fleury Flévy Flocourt Foville Glatigny Goin Gorze Gravelotte Hagendingen Shark Hauconcourt Jouy-aux-Arches jury Jussy Short Landonvillers Laquenexy Lemud Lessy Liéhon Longeville near Metz Lorry at Metz Lorry-Mardigny Louvigny Luppy Magny Maizeroy Maizery Maizières near Metz Malancourt Malroy Marange-Silvange Marieulles Marly Marsilly

Maxe Mécleuves Mey Moncheux Montigny near Metz Montois-la-Montagne Montoy Moulins near Metz Noisseville Norroy-le-Veneur Nouilly Novéant Ogy Orny Pagny at Goin Pange Peltre Pierrevillers Plantiéres Plappeville Plesnois Pommérieux Pontoy Pouilly Pournoy-la-Chétive Pournoy-la-Grasse Rémilly Retonfey Rezonville Rollingen Rombach Roncourt Rozérieulles Sablon Sailly Saint Julien at Metz Saint Jure Saint Private Sainte Barbe

Sainte-Marie-aux-Chênes Sainte-Ruffine Sanry an der Nied Sanry at Vigy Saulny Secourt Semécourt Servigny at Sainte Barbe Scy Silver things Sillegny Sillers Silly-en-Saulnois Solgne Sorbey Stahlheim Talingen Tennis Thimonville Tragny Trémery Vallières Vantoux Vany Vaux Vernéville Verny Vigny Vigy Villers-Bettnach Villers-Stoncourt Vionville Vrémy Vry Vulmont Wieblingen Woippy

Germanization of place names (1915–1918)

By the imperial decree of September 2, 1915, some place names in the French-speaking area were Germanized, e.g. B .:

• Achâtel : Hohenschloß
• Châtel-Saint-Germain : Sankt German
• Courcelles ad Nied : Kurzel ad Nied
• Gorze : Gorz
• Montoy : Montingen
• Novéant : Neuburg in Lorraine
• Plappeville : Papolsheim,
• Vaux : Wals
• Vigy : Wigingen

The district of Metz in World War II

history

During the Second World War , Alsace-Lorraine was occupied by Wehrmacht troops and from 1940 to 1944 it actually belonged again to the German Reich. During this time, the area of ​​the arrondissement of Metz without the city of Metz formed the district of Metz . A German land commissioner was installed in Metz to manage it. The district area was not annexed in the sense of international law , but was part of the CdZ area Lorraine , which was subordinate to the Gauleiter for the Gau Saarpfalz (from 1942 Westmark ) in Saarbrücken . On October 1, 1940, the communities of Langenheim , Martinsbann , Montenich , Sankt Julian and Wallern from the district of Metz were incorporated into the urban district of Metz. On December 1, 1940, the municipalities of the canton Großmövern and the municipality Mondelingen from the district of Diedenhofen joined the district of Metz. Further area changes took place on April 1, 1941. The communities of Bornen , Manningen , Masch , Mühlen bei Metz , Pleppweiler , Jussingen , Sigach and Wappingen were incorporated from the district into the city district of Metz, as was the community of Bettsdorf b. Diedenhofen from the district of Diedenhofen in the district of Metz. From April 1, 1941, the head of administration was referred to as district administrator, as in the German Reich . Most recently, on April 1, 1944, smaller parts of the communities of Germannsburg and Marlingen moved from the district to the city of Metz.

Between November and December 1944, the district was occupied by Allied forces and returned to France.

Land Commissioner

1940 Karl Kleemann (1904–1969) ( provisional )-999900

District administrators

The following district administrators were employed during the occupation:

1940–1942 Karl Kleemann00

1942–1944 Robert Leuthner00

Local constitution

From January 1, 1941, the German municipal code of January 30, 1935 applied to all municipalities in the district. For this purpose, an implementing regulation was issued on February 1, 1941, according to which joint mayor's offices could be formed from several municipalities . On April 1, 1941, the district regulations for Lorraine of March 25, 1941 were introduced, according to which, among other things, the previous cantons were dissolved. The district area was finally divided into the city of Gorschen and 45 other communities. Depending on their size, these communities formed their own local police districts or were grouped together in communal mayor's offices.

Germanization of place names (1940–1944)

After August 2, 1940, the official German place names valid in 1918 initially continued to apply. On January 25, 1941, all place names were finally set in a German version, some of which differed from the one in 1918, e.g. B .:

• Achâtel : 1918 Hohenschloß, 1941 Hochschloß (Westmark)
• Châtel-Saint-Germain : 1918 Sankt German, 1941 Germannsburg
• Courcelles-Chaussy : Kurzel in 1918, Kurzel an der Straße in 1941
• Gorze : 1918 Gorz, 1941 Gorschen
• Louvigny : 1918 Loveningen, 1941 Loweningen (Westmark)
• Montoy : 1918 Montingen, 1941 Monten
• Novéant : 1918 Neuburg in Lorraine, 1941 Neuburg on the Moselle
• Plappeville : 1918 Papolsheim, 1941 Pleppweiler
• Pange : 1918 Spangen, 1941 Spangen an der Nied

literature

• Georg Lang: The government district of Lorraine. Statistical-topographical handbook, administrative scheme and address book , Metz 1874, pp. 79-103 ( online )
• Eugen H. Th. Huhn: German-Lorraine. Landes-, Volks- und Ortskunde , Stuttgart 1875, pp. 261-310 ( online ).
• M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Uli Schubert: German municipality register 1910. Retrieved on May 22, 2009 . 
2. ↑ Foreign-language minorities in the German Reich, census from December 1, 1900 ( Memento of the original from April 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
3. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. els_metz.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).