The University of Edinburgh

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The University of Edinburgh
logo
founding 1582
Sponsorship state
place Edinburgh , UKUnited KingdomUnited Kingdom 
Principal / Vice-Chancellor Professor Peter Mathieson MBBS (Hons) (London), PhD (Cambridge), FRCP (London), FRCPE, FMedSci
Students 36,491 (2016/17)
Employee 13640 (2016/17)
Annual budget approx. £ 900m (2016/17)
Foundation assets approx. £ 400m (2016/17)
Networks CG , LERU , Universitas 21 , Russell group
Website www.ed.ac.uk

The University of Edinburgh ( English The University of Edinburgh , Latin Universitas Academica Edinburgensis ) is a research and teaching institute in Edinburgh .

The university, founded in 1582, is - next to the University of St Andrews (1413), the University of Glasgow (1451) and the University of Aberdeen (1495) - one of the four old Scottish universities. There are only two universities in the English-speaking world that are older than the four Scottish ancient universities : the University of Oxford (1167) and the University of Cambridge (1209). The university is considered one of the most prestigious universities in the United Kingdom due to its history, academic excellence, international reputation and size .

The university is also one of the top 20 universities in the world and is therefore regarded as an elite university in the academic and media world . As such, it belongs to the Russell group of great UK research universities. It is also the only Scottish university to be a member of the Coimbra Group and the LERU ( League of European Research Universities ), the two associations of leading European universities.

The university has extensive financial resources, particularly for research, with an income of around £ 900 million and an endowment of around £ 400 million (the third highest in the UK). At around £ 272 million, the university has the sixth highest research income of any UK university. In 2003 the university became the first Scottish university to receive the fair trade seal .

The university is associated with 23 Nobel Prize winners , most recently Fraser Stoddart , and has produced three Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom and numerous international heads of state and government. The university's alumni also include historical and scientific greats such as the naturalist Charles Darwin , the inventor Alexander Graham Bell , the philosopher David Hume , the physicist James Clerk Maxwell , the mathematician Thomas Bayes and the surgeon Joseph Lister . The famous authors Arthur Conan Doyle , Robert Louis Stevenson , JM Barrie and Walter Scott were also trained here. Prince Philip, the Duke of Edinburgh and husband of Queen Elizabeth II , was the Chancellor (Honorary Rector) of the University of Edinburgh from 1953 to 2010. His daughter Anne, Princess Royal , has been performing this role since 2010 .

history

Old College Building by Robert Adam
Old Town with the New College
McEwan Hall, location of the graduation ceremonies
Old Medical School
Playfair Library in Old College

Foundation of the university

The foundation goes back to the Scottish bishop and humanist Robert Reid, who left an endowment of 8000 Merk in his will to found a university in Edinburgh. The City Council of Edinburgh took up these plans following the Scottish Reformation in 1560 and demanded the use of previously monastic property for educational purposes. But the plans could not be realized due to civil disputes. In particular, the bishops of the university cities of Aberdeen, Glasgow and St. Andrews offered fierce resistance, since the establishment of a new university in Edinburgh was seen as competition to their own educational centers.

It was not until the late 1570s that the city council took up the plans to found a university again and referred the matter to a committee set up specifically for this purpose. In April 1582, the Scottish King James VI. finally two documents that formed the cornerstone for the foundation of the University of Edinburgh. This was quite unusual for this time, since universities were usually founded through a papal bull . A year later, in October 1583, the university was officially opened and the first students were admitted to study.

Early phase

The first curriculum was significantly influenced by the first principal and rector of the University of Edinburgh Robert Rollock and, in addition to training in the ancient languages Latin , Greek and Hebrew, also included studying ancient philosophers as well as theology , rhetoric , logic , arithmetic , physics , geography and philology . The instruction of the students in the teaching of anatomy was unique .

The foundation stone for the university library was also laid in the 1580s. The decisive factor was the foundation of theological writings by Clement Litill in 1585. In the following decades, the collection was expanded through further donations. It was especially common for Edinburgh University graduate students to leave the library with a parting gift. Particularly noteworthy, however, is the poet and Edinburgh alumnus William Drummond of Hawthornden , who donated large parts of his considerable private library to the university between 1626 and 1636. The 800 writings in the Foundation's holdings have been invaluable to the University of Edinburgh. The collection included literary works (such as early prints by Shakespeare ) as well as historical, theological, philosophical, legal, medical, scientific and geographical literature. Today most of the surviving writings from this collection have been digitized. The current university library is housed in the main library building on George Square, the largest academic library building in Europe and a large number of faculty libraries.

Other milestones in the early history of the university were the establishment of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (1670) and the first faculties. After the Faculty of Law was founded in 1707, the Faculty of Arts (1708) and the Faculty of Medicine (1726) were founded.

During the 17th and 18th centuries, Edinburgh developed into a leading center for enlightenment and the university into one of the most important educational institutions on the entire continent.

19th century

Teviot Row House in Bristo Square

Until the early 19th century, the university did not have a campus in the classic sense, but was made up of a jumble of often very small teaching establishments, which led to notorious space problems. This was criticized in 1768 by the then principal William Robertson , who in turn commissioned the construction of his own university building. The building was designed by leading neoclassical architect Robert Adam , Robertson's cousin. But the foundation stone of the first university building, now known as the Old College, could not be laid until 1789. The money for this was provided in particular by the city council. However, when the money ran out after the completion of the northwestern part of the college, the city council, also in dire straits, turned to the government. However, due to the British-French War , which broke out at the same time , the government was unable to provide any financial means, so that construction was halted in 1794. Only after the peace treaty was construction resumed in 1815, so that the college could be opened in 1827. The library was added to the building four years later and the striking dome was finally added in 1887.

As a result of the so-called "disruption" , the separation of the Free Church of Scotland from the Church of Scotland , there was massive disruption in Edinburgh. The leading theologians from the University of Edinburgh Thomas Chalmers and David Welsh were instrumental in founding the Free Church and gave up their teaching posts in 1843 to teach as professors in the new College of the Free Church of Scotland . For the purpose of parish training, the Free Church of Scotland finally commissioned the construction of what is now known as the New College , which is at the tip of the so-called Mound , the area of ​​Edinburgh that separates the old town from the new town. Only after the reunification of the Church of Scotland with the United Free Church Scotland was the theological faculty of the University of Edinburgh merged with the United Free Church College in 1932 . Since then the New College has been the seat of the theological department of the University of Edinburgh.

With the Universities (Scotland) Act 1858 , control of the university was withdrawn from the city council - since then the university has been self-governing. A University Court was established for this purpose, which still functions as the university's executive body. This sat elected by the students Rector before and sat still from the Principal , the Lord Provost of Edinburgh and other assessors ( assessor ) together, each of the Rector , the Chancellor , the City Council, the General Council , and the Senatus Academicus nominated / were appointed.

The Old College has served as the home of the medical school since it opened. However, in the middle of the 19th century it became apparent that the Old College no longer met the requirements of the Medical School, which was also due to the constantly increasing number of students. The University of Edinburgh therefore commissioned the construction of a new medical school in 1874 and organized an architectural competition for this purpose. Scottish architect Robert Rowand Anderson won the competition and construction began that same year. The building known today as the Old Medical School was opened in 1884 and further equipped in the following years.

Furthermore, Anderson was commissioned to plan a graduation hall, as the university did not have one to date. This was integrated into the Medical School and opened in 1897 under the name McEwan Hall . This can be traced back to the fact that the Scottish politician and brewer William McEwan contributed a large sum to the construction of the hall.

The McEwan Hall, restored in 2017, is still used for graduation ceremonies, while the Old Medical School today houses the School of History, Classics and Archeology , the School of Health in Social Science and the University's Anatomical Museum. The Old College now houses the School of Law and parts of the university administration.

In 1884, the University of Edinburgh's first student council was established under the name Students' Representative Council (SRC). She made it her task to improve social life among the students and to connect the representatives of the many student societies . For this purpose, a building was built for the first time in the world to house a student association. Teviot Row House opened in 1889 and has been the seat of the Edinburgh University Union (EUU) ever since . Designed in the style of a Victorian gentleman's club, the building is now managed by the Edinburgh University Students' Association (EUSA) and contains a number of pubs and bars. The university also has a student newspaper ( The Student ), founded in 1887 by Robert Louis Stevenson .

Towards the end of the 19th century, female students were graduated from the University of Edinburgh for the first time in 1893.

20th century

Moray House

The First World War marked a deep turning point for the University of Edinburgh. Almost 8,000 students and alumni signed up for military service, 944 of whom died on the battlefield.

With the absence of many men, the presence of women in the university increased, which contributed to a long-term improvement in their position. The number of female students doubled towards the end of the war and in 1916 female applicants were admitted to the medical faculty for the first time. In the previous year, Agnes Cunningham was elected for the first time as President of the Students' Representative Council. In 1924, the proportion of female students at Edinburgh University reached 31%, a record high for the interwar period. But it was not until 1958 that Elizabeth Wiskemann became the first female professor to be appointed. Another 30 years later, in 1988, a woman, Muriel Gray, was also able to be elected to the position of Rector for the first time.

After the First World War, the construction of the King's Buildings was also commissioned in 1920, which to this day form the Science Campus and lie south of the central campus.

In addition, a number of well-known people were elected rectors in the 20th century. These include the British War Minister Lord Kitchener (1914), British Prime Minister Winston Churchill (1929), the famous Scottish film and theater actor Alastair Sim (1948), the discoverer of the antibiotic penicillin Alexander Fleming (1951) and British Prime Minister Gordon Brown (1972).

After the existing faculties were expanded to include the Faculty of Natural Sciences (1893) and the Faculty of Music (1894) at the end of the 19th century, the Faculty of Social Sciences (1963) was added in the 20th century.

Just as the New College was integrated into the university in 1932, further amalgamation of academic institutions with the University of Edinburgh followed. In 1948 the Edinburgh Dental School was integrated into the medical school. In 1951 the Royal (Dick) Veterinary College became part of the university, as did the Moray House Institute of Education in 1998 .

In 1967 a chair for computer science was established for the first time. In 1996 researchers at the Roslin Institute at Edinburgh University also succeeded in cloning Dolly the sheep .

21st century

In 2002 the University of Edinburgh was reorganized. The nine academic faculties that existed to date (Arts, Divinity, Education, Law, Medicine, Music, Science and Engineering, Social Sciences, Veterinary Medicine) were divided into three colleges, although the University of Edinburgh was never a collegiate university (see chapter Organization ). In the same year a new medical school was opened in the Little France district .

In 2011, the Edinburgh College of Art was finally merged , which has since been part of the University of Edinburgh. Furthermore, the Easter Bush Veterinary Campus was opened in 2011 .

organization

The University of Edinburgh was reorganized in 2002. In this process, three colleges were created from its nine academic faculties . Today the University of Edinburgh therefore consists of the College of Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS), the College of Science & Engineering (SCE) and the College of Medicine & Vet Medicine (MVM). Within the colleges there are schools that largely correspond to the departments from which they arose.

College of Humanities and Social Sciences

The College of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences is the largest of the three colleges at Edinburgh University. It consists of 12 schools, which in turn teach 23,650 students and 3,600 employees. The college offers a total of 300 undergraduate courses and 200 postgraduate courses. In the QS World University Ranking 2018, the college is in 12th place worldwide.

  • Business school
  • Edinburgh College of Art
  • Moray House School of Education and Sport
  • School of Divinity
  • School of Economics
  • School of Health in Social Science
  • School of History, Classics and Archeology
  • School of Law
  • School of Literatures, Languages ​​and Cultures
  • School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences
  • School of Social and Political Science
  • The Center for Open Learning

College of Science & Engineering

The College of Science and Engineering at Edinburgh University consists of seven schools. With about 10,000 students and 3,400 employees, it is the second largest college. As part of the Research Excellence Framework 2014 (REF), it took fourth place in a national comparison for research strength. The individual disciplines also achieved top ranks, in many cases even the top 5.

  • School of Biological Sciences
  • School of Chemistry
  • School of Engineering
  • School of GeoSciences
  • School of Informatics
  • School of Mathematics
  • School of Physics and Astronomy

College of Medicine & Vet Medicine

The College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine is divided into four schools. In the Research Excellence Framework 2014 (REF), the veterinary medicine department was ranked first among all British universities. The Medical School of the University of Edinburgh ranks 16th worldwide in the QS World Universities Ranking 2018.

  • University of Edinburgh Medical School
  • Royal School of Veterinary Studies
  • School of Biomedical Sciences
  • School of Clinical Sciences and Community Health

Locations

Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Easter Bush Campus
Graduation celebrations in front of McEwan Hall
Faculty of Earth Sciences
Edinburgh College of Art

With the expansion of the faculties, the university has now divided its campus into seven main locations:

  • The George Square and the surrounding streets in the southern city center form the main campus and are also the oldest site of the university; This is where the humanities and social sciences are located, as well as the economic, medical and law faculties and the main location of the university library. The George Square premises are also used for the first year of student education in science and engineering. Nearby are the main Edinburgh University Students' Association (EUSA) buildings: the Potterow Center, Teviot Row House and the Pleasance Societies Center.
  • The Kings Buildings further south are largely home to the science schools and biology faculty, which is the world leader in genetics . Scotland's Rural College (SRUC) also has a location here.
  • The Easter Bush Campus , about 6 miles from downtown, is the location of the Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute .
  • The Faculty of Divinity is located in the New College on the Mound, which is partly used by the Church of Scotland .
  • The Moray House, a little off the Royal Mile, housed the Moray House Institute for Education until it was acquired by the university in 1998. The Moray House has since expanded it and merged it with the sports institute. The Moray House campus is connected to the George Square campus by ownership of the land in between.
  • The £ 40 million medical school in the New Royal Infimary in Little France in the southeast of the city was opened in 2002 by the Duke of Edinburgh as a joint project between private financiers, local authorities and the university; it is a modern hospital, veterinary clinic and research institute at the same time.
  • The Pollock Halls , bordering Holyrood Park to the east, contain half-board accommodation for students, primarily those in their first year of study. Two of the older buildings in Pollock Halls were demolished in 2002 and new buildings were erected in their place, making a total of ten houses. Students who are not housed in Pollock Halls or the other university-owned dorms tend to live in private accommodation in the Marchmont, Newington, Bruntsfield, New Town and Leith neighborhoods. Also on the Pollock Halls site is the £ 9 million converted McIntyre Conference Center , the largest and most important conference center at the University of Edinburgh.

Admission / applicant

Around 60,000 undergraduate students apply to the university each year, making the University of Edinburgh one of the top three universities in the UK. However, of all applicants in the undergraduate area, ultimately only 8% study at the university. In particular, the admission of applicants from Scotland and the European Union for Medicine, International Relations, Philosophy, Art and Business School is extremely competitive with general admission chances of around 10% and actual admissions of well below 5%. About a third of all Edinburgh University students were educated in private schools. Very few universities have an even higher proportion of graduates from private schools, which has a particularly media impact on the elitist perception of the University of Edinburgh.

Prince William received - according to information from several major British newspapers - provisional admission to the university in 2000. Admission was tied to certain grades as part of his school leaving certificate. The university is particularly popular with Eton alumni, including Prince William, with around 70 applications per year. Pippa Middleton , the younger sister of Catherine Mountbatten-Windsor, Duchess of Cambridge , studied English literature at the university.

Ranking

Overview

The university is one of the world's, European and national leading universities. It is one of the Sutton Trust 13 , the English counterpart to the US Ivy League universities, which is not based on sport, but on research strength and the rankings of the universities. In addition, the University of Edinburgh belongs to the group of so-called Ancient Universities , the group of the seven oldest English-speaking universities in the world.

institution 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013
Global
THE - 27 = 27 24 36 39 32
QS World University Rankings 18th 23 = 19th 21st 17 = 17 = 21st
Shanghai ranking - - 32 41 47 45 51
Europe
THE - 7th 7th 7th 9 10 6th
QS World University Rankings 6th 7th 7th 8th 7th 6th 6th
Shanghai ranking - - 7th 9 11 10 12
UK
THE - 6th 6th 6th 6th 7th 5
QS World University Rankings 5 5 5 6th 6th 5 5
Shanghai ranking - - 5 6th 6th 6th 6th

Worldwide rankings

The current QS Top Universities Ranking places the University of Edinburgh in 18th place worldwide in 2019. In the Guardian The World's Top 100 Universities Ranking, the University of Edinburgh was 22nd in the world in 2010 (20th place in the previous year). The Academic Ranking of World Universities places the University of Edinburgh in 32nd place worldwide (2017). The university does consistently better than some US Ivy League universities (e.g. Brown University , ranks 101-105 & Dartmouth College , ranks 201-300). Also in comparison to the UK Red Brick universities, the University of Edinburgh is an elite university in the ARWU ranking ( University of Birmingham , rank 101-105; University of Liverpool , rank 101-150; University of Leeds , rank 101– 150; University of Sheffield , 101-105; University of Bristol , 61st; University of Manchester , 38th). Even the King's College London is with space 46 slightly behind the University of Edinburgh. In 2016, it was ranked 24th worldwide in the university ranking of the English daily newspaper The Times ; after the evaluation of the THES it reached in 2008 23 in the world and in 2009 ranked 20th worldwide. In the 2011 World University Web Ranking by 4icu, the University of Edinburgh was ranked 17th worldwide, and in 2018 it was ranked 41st.

The university's business school is included in all relevant business school rankings and is one of the world's leading institutes. The University of Edinburgh Business School (UEBS) is included in the 2010 Economist Top 100 Business School Ranking as well as in the Financial Times Rankings of the Top Global MBAs, the MSc Finance Programs and the MSc in Management Programs. According to the Financial Times, the MSc in Management started at 57th overall in 2011, but in terms of starting salary it is at 16. The MSc in Finance & Investment was placed at 25th in 2011. In the QS World University Rankings 2018, the business school also took 26th place for master’s courses in finance and 44th place for postgraduate management courses.

European rankings

The Guardian The World's Top 100 Universities Ranking places the university in 7th place in a European comparison. In the context of the QS World University Ranking, the University of Edinburgh ranks 6th in Europe. In the Time Higher Education university ranking, it took 7th place in Europe in the 2018 overall ranking; in the same ranking it reached 6th place in 2008 and 5th place in 2009 in Europe.

National rankings

In the Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) 2008, the university was ranked 5th in terms of research strength, after Oxford, Cambridge, Manchester and UCL. The research strength of the universities is the decisive factor in the allocation of funds. In terms of reputation, the university was in 6th place in a national comparison in 2011. In the context of the QS ranking, the University of Edinburgh was awarded 6th place nationally in 2019. The University Ranking by Academic Performance 2015 places the University of Edinburgh in 6th place nationally, after the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Imperial College London, University College London and the University of Manchester.

Other national rankings are often viewed as not representative. The evaluated criteria are often criticized. This results in a discrepancy between international and national rankings. As an example, the Guardian sees the University of Edinburgh in 7th place among the universities in the United Kingdom in the national Guardian Ranking. In the Guardian's 2010 world ranking, however, the University of Edinburgh ranks 6th in the UK.

As one of 13 national top universities , the University of Edinburgh has an international reputation as a top university regardless of national rankings.

The University of Edinburgh ranks 13th in the Target School ranking of highfliers. The recruiting companies include Accenture , Barclays , Deutsche Bank , Goldman Sachs , Ernst & Young , JP Morgan , UBS , McKinsey & Company , Morgan Stanley , Newton Management, PricewaterhouseCoopers International as well as the Royal Bank of Scotland .

Alumni and faculty

politics

Natural sciences

Humanities

Others

David Hume and James Clerk Maxwell applied for teaching positions at the university, but were both turned down.

Rectors

The Lord Rector of Edinburgh University is elected every three years by the university's students. The incumbent is rarely referred to as Lord Rector , the simpler term Rector is common . The basis is the Universities (Scotland) Act of 1889 of the British Parliament , which provided for the election of a rector for all Scottish universities in existence at the time. As a result, rectors are only elected in the four old universities (see above), not in the modern universities. The role of the Rector is representative, accordingly people from public life are often elected.

Others

See also

Web links

Commons : University of Edinburgh  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Edinburgh University History  - Sources and Full Texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ https://www.ed.ac.uk/about/people/officials/principal
  2. ↑ Student statistics (PDF), Governance & Strategic Planning, The University of Edinburgh. December 31, 2016. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  3. ↑ Employee Statistics , Human Resources, The University of Edinburgh. January 2016. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  4. ^ Studying in Scotland: A taste of old school charm . Article in the Independent of July 24, 2008. Retrieved June 10, 2018.
  5. ↑ BBC . BBC. Retrieved March 3, 2014.
  6. ^ The Independent UK . Newspaper website. Retrieved July 14, 2011.
  7. ^ The Guardian . Newspaper website with an article about the Sutton Trust 13 . Retrieved August 23, 2011.
  8. ↑ The University of Edinburgh Annual Report 2016–2017 . Annual financial statements on the university website. Accessed June 10, 2018 (PDF; 7.4 MB)
  9. ^ Times Higher Education . Comparison of the financial situation of UK universities (2015-2016). Website of TSL Education Ltd., publisher of the Times Higher Education Ranking. Accessed June 10, 2018. (PDF; 72 kB)
  10. ↑ Fair trade . University of Edinburgh website. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  11. ^ Profile of the University of Edinburgh . University website. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  12. ^ History of the foundation . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  13. ^ History of the foundation . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  14. ^ History of the foundation of the library . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  15. ↑ Milestones in the history of the university . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  16. ^ History of the Old College . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  17. ^ History of the New College . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  18. ↑ The Universities (Scotland) Act 1858 . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  19. ^ History of the Old Medical School . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  20. ^ History of McEwan Hall . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  21. ^ Foundation of the SRC . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  22. ↑ opening of the EUU . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  23. ↑ First graduation for female students in 1893 . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  24. ↑ The University and the First World War . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  25. ↑ Overview of historical events . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  26. ^ List of Rectors . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  27. ↑ Overview of historical events . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
  28. ^ Website of the College of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences . University of Edinburgh website. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  29. ↑ QS World University Rankings 2018 by Subject: Arts and Humanities . Website of QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  30. ^ Website of the College of Science and Engineering . University of Edinburgh website. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  31. ↑ College of Medicine & Veterinary Medicine ( Memento of the original from June 12, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . University of Edinburgh website. Accessed June 10, 2018. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ed.ac.uk
  32. ↑ QS World University Rankings 2018 by Subject: Life Sciences and Medicine . Website of QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  33. ↑ UCAS End of Cycle 2017 Applications Website of the Universities & Colleges Admissions Service. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  34. ↑ Undergraduate admissions statistics 2013–2017 . The University of Edinburgh, Student Recruitment & Admissions. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  35. ↑ Scotland and EU admissions statistics . University of Edinburgh website. Retrieved June 21, 2011. (PDF; 693 kB)
  36. ^ The universities with the most and least state school students . Article in the Daily Telegraph, March 28, 2014. Retrieved June 10, 2018.
  37. ^ The Guardian . Newspaper website. Retrieved August 16, 2011.
  38. ↑ A very different sort of Royal upbringing . Article in the Daily Telegraph, July 11, 2000. Retrieved June 21, 2011.
  39. ↑ A very different sort of Royal upbringing . Article in the Daily Telegraph, July 11, 2000. Retrieved June 21, 2011.
  40. ↑ Anna Pukas . Newspaper article on the website of The Daily and Sunday Express newspapers, November 20, 2010. Retrieved August 3, 2011.
  41. ^ The Sutton Trust: Entry to Leading Universities . Sutton Trust website. Accessed June 10, 2018. (PDF; 75 kB)
  42. ^ Times Higher Education World University Rankings . TSL Education Ltd. website Accessed June 10, 2018.
  43. ^ QS World University Rankings . Website of QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  44. ^ Academic Ranking of World Universities . Shanghai Ranking Consultancy website . Accessed June 10, 2018.
  45. ^ Times Higher Education World University Rankings . TSL Education Ltd. website Accessed June 10, 2018.
  46. ^ QS World University Rankings . Website of QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  47. ^ Academic Ranking of World Universities . Shanghai Ranking Consultancy website . Accessed June 10, 2018.
  48. ^ Times Higher Education World University Rankings . TSL Education Ltd. website Accessed June 10, 2018.
  49. ^ QS World University Rankings . Website of QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  50. ^ Academic Ranking of World Universities . Shanghai Ranking Consultancy website . Accessed June 10, 2018.
  51. ↑ QS Top University Ranking . Website of QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  52. ↑ Guardian The World's Top 100 Universities Ranking . Guardian website. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  53. ^ Academic Ranking of World Universities . Shanghai Ranking Consultancy website . Accessed June 10, 2018.
  54. ^ Academic Ranking of World Universities . Shanghai Ranking Consultancy website . Accessed June 10, 2018.
  55. ^ Academic Ranking of World Universities . Shanghai Ranking Consultancy website . Accessed June 10, 2018.
  56. ^ Academic Ranking of World Universities . Shanghai Ranking Consultancy website . Accessed June 10, 2018.
  57. ↑ ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: 2011 World University Web Ranking ). Website of the 4icu ranking. Retrieved September 7, 2011.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.4icu.org
  58. ↑ Top 200 Universities in the World. 2019 World University Ranking. In: www.4icu.org. UniRank, accessed July 22, 2019 .
  59. ↑ Economist Top 100 Business School Ranking 2010 . Economist website. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  60. ↑ Financial Times Ranking of the Top Global MBAs . Financial Times website. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  61. ↑ Financial Times Ranking of the Top Masters Degrees in Finance . Financial Times website. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  62. ↑ Financial Times Ranking of the Top Masters Degrees in Management . Financial Times website. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  63. ↑ Financial Times Ranking of the Top Masters Degrees in Management . The Financial Times. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  64. ↑ Financial Times Ranking of the Top Masters Degrees in Finance . The Financial Times. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  65. ↑ QS World University Rankings: Business Masters Rankings 2018 . Website of QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  66. ↑ Guardian The World's Top 100 Universities Ranking . Guardian website. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  67. ↑ QS Top University Ranking . Website of QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  68. ↑ Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) results 2008 . TSL Education Ltd. website Accessed June 10, 2018.
  69. ↑ QS World University Rankings 2019 . Website of QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  70. ↑ University Ranking by Academic Performance 2015 . URAP website. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
  71. ^ The Times . Newspaper website. Retrieved August 18, 2011.
  72. ^ University guide 2010: University league table . Guardian website. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  73. ↑ Guardian The World's Top 100 Universities Ranking . Guardian website. Accessed June 10, 2018.
  74. ↑ The Graduate Market in 2018. Annual review of graduate vacancies & starting salaries at the UK's leading employers . High Fliers Research website. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
  75. ↑ MSc Management Brochure . Edinburgh University Business School website. Retrieved June 6, 2018. (PDF; 1 MB)
Universities in the UK
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Others

BPP University  • Brunel  • East London  • Greenwich  • Imperial College London  • Kingston University  • University of Law  • London Metropolitan University  • London South Bank University  • Middlesex  • Royal College of Art  • Royal College of Music  • University of Roehampton  • St Mary's University  • University of the Arts London  • Westminster  • University of West London

Midlands

Aston  • Birmingham  • Birmingham City  • University College Birmingham  • Newman  • Bishop Grosseteste  • Coventry  • De Montfort  • Derby  • Harper Adams  • Keele  • Leicester  • Lincoln  • Loughborough  • Northampton  • Nottingham  • Nottingham Trent  • Staffordshire  • Warwick  • Wolverhampton  • Worcester

Northern england

Bolton  • Bradford  • Central Lancashire  • Chester  • Cumbria  • Durham  • Edge Hill  • Huddersfield  • Hull  • University of Law  • Lancaster  • Leeds  • Leeds Beckett  • Leeds Trinity  • Liverpool  • Liverpool Hope  • Liverpool John Moores  • Manchester  • Manchester Metropolitan  • Newcastle  • Northumbria  • Salford  • Sheffield  • Sheffield Hallam  • Sunderland  • Teesside  • York  • York St John

Southern england

Arts Bournemouth  • Ashridge  • Bath  • Bath Spa  • Bedfordshire  • Bournemouth  • Brighton  • Bristol  • Buckingham  • Buckinghamshire New  • Canterbury Christ Church  • Chichester  • Cranfield  • Creative Arts  • Essex  • Exeter  • Falmouth  • Gloucestershire  • Hertfordshire  • University of Law  • Kent  • Oxford  • Oxford Brookes  • Plymouth  • • St Mark & ​​St John  • Portsmouth  • Reading  • Southampton  • Royal Agricultural  • Southampton Solent  • Surrey  • Sussex  • UWE  • Winchester

Northern Ireland

Queen’s  • Ulster

Scotland

Aberdeen  • Abertay  • Dundee  • Edinburgh  • Edinburgh Napier  • Glasgow  • Glasgow Caledonian  • Heriot Watts  • Highlands and Islands  • Queen Margaret  • Robert Gordon  • RCS  • St Andrews  • Stirling  • Strathclyde  • West of Scotland

Wales

Aberystwyth  • Bangor  • Cardiff  • Cardiff Metropolitan University  • Glyndŵr  • South Wales  • Swansea  • Trinity Saint David

Overseas territories

University of the West Indies  • Bermuda College  • Cayman Islands Law School  • International College of the Cayman Islands  • St. Matthew's University  • University College of the Cayman Islands  • University of Gibraltar  • University of Science, Arts and Technology  • American University of the Caribbean  • Saint James School of Medicine

Distance learning

Open University  • University of London International Programs

Coordinates: 55 ° 56 '50.6 "  N , 3 ° 11' 13.9"  W.