List of heads of state 1397

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Africa

• Egypt ( Burjiyya dynasty )
  • Sultan : Barquq (1382-1389) (1390-1399)

• Algeria ( Abdalwadiden )
  • Sultan : Abu Zayyan Muhammad III. (1395–1400)

• Ethiopia
  • Emperor (Negus Negest) : David I (1382–1411)

• Ifriqiya (East Algeria, Tunisia) ( Hafsiden )
  • Caliph : Abd al-Aziz II. (1394-1434)

• Jolof (in what is now Senegal )
  • Buur-ba Jolof N'Diklam Sare (1390-1420)

• Kano
  • King: Kanajeji (1390-1410)

• Kingdom of Mali
  • King : Mahmud I (1390-1404)

• Morocco ( Merinids )
  • Sultan : Abdullah (1396-1398)

• Empire Kanem
  • King : Bir III. (1383-1415)

America

• Aztec Empire
  • Tlatoani : Huitzilíhuitl (1395-1417)

• Inca Empire
  • Inca : Yáhuar Huácac (approx. 1380–1410)

Asia

• Kingdom of the White Mutton (Ak Koyunlu)
  • Ruler: Qara Yülük Uthman (1389-1453)

• Champa
  • King : Simhavarman VI. (1390–1400)

• China ( Ming Dynasty )
  • Emperor : Hongwu (1368–1398)

• Delhi
  • Sultan : Mahmud (1394-1413)

• Japan
  • Emperor : Go-Komatsu (1392-1412)
  • Shogun Ashikaga : Ashikaga Yoshikazu (1394-1423)

• Lesser Armenia
  • King : Jacob I (1396–1398)

• Korea ( Joseon Dynasty )
  • King : Taejo (1392–1398)

• Persia
  • Sultan ( Timurid dynasty): Timur Lenk (1370–1405)

• Siam
  • Ayutthaya
    • King : Ramracha (1395–1409)
  • Lan Na
    • King : Saen Mueang Ma (1385–1401)
  • Sukhothai
    • King : Maha Thammaracha II (1370–1398)

• Trebizond
  • Emperor : Manuel III. (1390-1417)

Europe

• Andorra
  • Co-princes :
    • Count of Foix : Mathieu (1391–1398)
    • Bishop of Urgell : Galcerand de Vilanova (1388-1415)

• Burgundy
  • Duke : Philip II, the Bold (1363–1404)

• Byzantine Empire
  • Emperor : Manuel II (1391-1425)

• Denmark
  • Queen : Margaret I (1380–1412)

• Teutonic Order State
  • Grand Master : Konrad von Jungingen (1393–1407)

• England
  • King : Richard II (1377-1399)

• France
  • King : Charles VI. (1380-1422)

• Holy Roman Empire
  • King : Wenzel (1376 / 78–1400) (1376–1378 co-regent)
  • Electorates
    • Archbishopric of Cologne
      • Archbishop : Friedrich III. von Saar Werden (1370–1414)
    • Archbishopric Mainz
      • Archbishop : Gottfried von Leiningen (1396-1397)
      • Archbishop: Johann II of Nassau (1397–1419)
    • Archbishopric Trier
      • Archbishop : Werner III. von Falkenstein (1388-1418)
    • Bohemia
      • King : Wenceslaus IV (1378–1419)
    • Brandenburg
      • Margrave : Jobst of Moravia (1388–1411)
    • Electoral Palatinate
      • Count Palatine : Ruprecht II (1390–1398)
    • Saxony
      • Elector : Rudolf III. (1388-1419)
  • spiritual principalities
    • Hochstift Augsburg
      • Bishop : Burkhard von Ellerbach (1373–1404)
    • Bamberg Monastery
      • Bishop : Lamprecht von Brunn (1374–1398) (1363–1364 Bishop of Brixen, 1364–1371 Bishop of Speyer, 1371–1374 Bishop of Strasbourg)
    • Hochstift Basel (rule disputed)
      • Bishop : Wilhelm von Coudenberghe (1393-1399)
      • Bishop: Humbert of Neuchâtel (1395 / 99-1417)
    • Besançon Archbishopric
      • Archbishop : Gerard II d'Athies (1391–1404)
    • Brandenburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Heinrich III. von Bodendiek (1393–1406)
    • Archbishopric Bremen
      • Archbishop : Otto II of Braunschweig-Lüneburg (1395–1406) (1388–1395 Bishop of Verden)
    • Brixen monastery
      • Bishop : Ulrich Prustl (1396–1417)
    • Cambrai Monastery
      • Bishop : André von Luxemburg-Ligny (1389-1396)
      • Sedis vacancy (1396–1398)
    • Hochstift Cammin
      • Bishop : Johann III. Kropidlo (1394-1398)
    • Chiemsee Abbey
      • Bishop : Eckart von Pernegg (1393–1399)
    • Chur Monastery
      • Bishop : Hartmann II of Werdenberg-Sargans (1388–1416)
    • Eichstätt Monastery
      • Bishop : Friedrich IV of Oettingen (1383–1415)
    • Hochstift Freising
      • Bishop : Berthold von Wehingen (1381–1410)
    • Geneva Monastery
      • Bishop : Guillaume de Lornay (1388–1408)
    • Halberstadt Monastery
      • Bishop : Ernst I. von Hohnstein (1391-1399)
    • Hochstift Havelberg
      • Bishop : Johann III. Wepelitz (1385–1401)
    • Hildesheim Monastery
      • Bishop : Gerhard von Berg (1365–1398) (1363-1365 Bishop of Verden)
    • Constance monastery
      • Bishop : Burkard I. von Hewen (1387–1398) (administrator until 1388)
    • Lausanne bishopric
      • Bishop : Guillaume III. de Menthonay (1394–1406)
    • Lübeck bishopric
      • Bishop : Eberhard I. Attendorn (1387-1399)
    • Liège Monastery
      • Elect : Johann VI. of Bavaria-Hainaut (1389-1418)
    • Archbishopric Magdeburg
      • Archbishop : Albrecht III. of Querfurt (1382–1403)
    • Meissen Abbey
      • Bishop : Johann III. von Kittlitz and zu Baruth (1393–1398)
    • Merseburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Henry VII. (1393-1403)
    • Metz bishopric
      • Bishop : Rudolf von Coucy (1388-1415)
    • Hochstift Minden
      • Bishop : Otto III. von Schalksberg (1384–1397)
      • Bishop: Gerhard III. by Hoya (1397–1398)
    • Monastery of Münster
      • Bishop : Otto IV. Von Hoya (1392–1424) (1410–1424 administrator of Osnabrück)
    • Naumburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Ulrich II. Von Radefeld (1394–1409)
    • Osnabrück Monastery
      • Bishop : Dietrich von Horne (1376–1402)
    • Paderborn Monastery
      • Bishop : John I of Hoya (1394-1399)
    • Passau bishopric
      • Bishop : Georg von Hohenlohe (1390–1423)
    • Ratzeburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Detlef von Berkentin (1395–1419)
    • Regensburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Johann von Moosburg (1384–1409)
    • Archbishopric Salzburg
      • Archbishop : Gregor Schenk von Osterwitz (1396–1403)
    • Verden Monastery
      • Bishop : Dietrich von Nieheim (1395–1398)
    • Verdun Monastery
      • Bishop : Leobald von Cousance (1380–1404)
    • Hochstift Worms
      • Bishop : Eckard von Dersch (1370–1405)
    • Würzburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Gerhard von Schwarzburg (1372–1400) (1362–1372 Bishop of Naumburg)
  • secular principalities
    • Stop
      • Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg
        • Prince : Otto III. (1374-1404)
      • Principality of Anhalt-Köthen
        • Prince : Sigismund I (1382–1396 / 1405)
      • Anhalt-Zerbst ( 1396 division into Köthen and Zerbst )
        • Prince : Albrecht III. (1382–1396 / 1424)
    • to bathe
      • Margrave : Bernhard I (1372–1431)
    • Bavaria
      • Bavaria-Ingolstadt
        • Duke : Stephan III. the Kneißl (1375 / 92–1413)
      • Bavaria-Landshut
        • Duke : Henry XVI. (1393-1450)
      • Bayern Munich
        • Duke : Johann II. (1375 / 92-1397)
        • Duke: Ernst (1397–1438)
        • Duke: Wilhelm III. (1397-1435)
      • Bavaria-Straubing-Holland
        • Duke : Albrecht I (1353-1404)
    • Berg (1348–1395 personal union with Ravensberg)
      • Duke : Wilhelm II. (1360–1408) (count until 1380)
    • Brabant and Limburg
      • Duchess : Johanna (1356-1406)
    • Duchy of Brunswick-Lueneburg
      • Braunschweig-Göttingen
        • Duke : Otto II (1394–1463)
      • Braunschweig-Grubenhagen
        • Duke: Erich I (1383-1427) (until 1389 under guardianship)
      • Braunschweig-Lüneburg (1388–1409 joint rule)
        • Duke : Bernhard I (1388–1409) (1428–1434)
        • Duke: Henry I the Meek (1388–1416)
      • Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
        • Duke : Friedrich I (1373–1400)
    • Flanders
      • Countess : Margaret III. (1384-1405)
    • Geldern (1393-1423 in personal union with Jülich)
      • Duke : Wilhelm I (1371 / 79–1402)
    • Hanau
      • Lord : Ulrich V. (1380–1404)
    • Hainaut (personal union with Holland)
      • Count : Albrecht (1389–1404)
    • Hesse
      • Landgrave : Hermann II. (1376-1413)
    • Holland (personal union with Hainaut)
      • Count : Albrecht I (1358 / 1389–1404)
    • Jülich (1393–1423 in personal union with funds)
      • Duke : Wilhelm III. (1393-1402)
    • Kleve
      • Count : Adolf II (1394–1448) (from 1417 duke)
    • Lorraine
      • Duke : Charles II, the Bold (1390–1431)
    • Ortenburg
      • Count : Georg I (1395–1422)
    • Austria
      • Duke : Albrecht IV (1395–1404)
    • Ravensberg
      • Count : Adolf (1395–1402)
    • Styria , Carinthia , Carniola and Friuli
      • Duke : Wilhelm (1386–1406)
    • Tyrol
      • Duke : Leopold IV. (1395-1411)
    • Württemberg
      • Count : Eberhard III., The Mild (1392–1417)

• Italian states
  • Estonian
    • Margrave : Azzo IX. (1384-1415)
  • Ferrara, Modena and Reggio
    • Lord : Niccolò III. d'Este (1393–1441)
  • Genoa
    • occupied by France (1396-1413)
  • Papal States
    • Pope : Boniface IX. (1389-1404)
  • Milan
    • Duke : Gian Galeazzo Visconti (1378–1402) (lord until 1395)
  • Mantua
    • Count : Francesco I. Gonzaga (1382–1407)
  • Montferrat
    • Margrave : Theodor II (1381-1418)
  • Naples
    • King : Ladislaus (1386-1414)
  • Rimini
    • Lord : Carlo Malatesta (1385–1429)
  • Saluzzo
    • Margrave : Thomas III. (1391-1416)
  • San Marino
    • Capitano Reggente: Paolino di Giovanni di Bianco (1396-1397)
    • Capitano Reggente: Giovanni di Pasino (1396-1397)
    • Capitano Reggente: Bartolino di Antonio (1397)
    • Capitano Reggente: Giacomino di Paolo (1397)
    • Capitano Reggente: Nicolò di Giove (1397–1398)
    • Capitano Reggente: Marino di Ghino Fabbro (1397-1398)
  • Savoy
    • Count : Amadeus VIII. (1391–1434 / 39) (from 1416 duke)
  • Sicily
    • Queen : Mary (1377-1401)
    • King: Martin I (1392–1409) ( iure uxoris )
  • Venice
    • Doge : Antonio Venier (1382-1400)

• Despotate Joannina
  • Despot : Esau Buondelmonti (1385–1411)

• Order of St. John in Rhodes
  • Grand Master : Philibert de Naillac (1396–1421)

• Lesbos
  • Princess : Maria Paläologa (1355–1401)

• Lithuania
  • Grand Duke : Jogaila (1382–1434)

• Moldova
  • Prince : Stefan I (1394–1399)

• Monaco
  • Seigneur (in exile): Rainier II. (1357–1407)

• Norway
  • Queen : Margaret I (1380–1412)

• Ottoman Empire
  • Sultan : Bayezid I (1389-1402)

• Poland
  • King : Władysław II. Jagiełło (1386–1434)

• Portugal
  • King : John I (1385–1433)

• Russia
  • Grand Duke : Vasily I (1389–1425)

• Scotland
  • King : Robert III. (1390-1406)

• Sweden
  • Queen : Margaret I (1380–1412)

• Serbia
  • Prince : Stefan Lazarević (1389–1402)

• Spain
  • Aragon
    • King : Martin I (1396–1410)
  • Cerdanya
    • Countess : Isabella (1375-1403)
  • Granada
    • Nasrid ruler : Muhammad VII (1392-1408)
  • Castile
    • King : Heinrich III. (1390-1406)
  • Navarre
    • King : Charles III. (1387-1425)
  • Urgell
    • Count : Peter (1347–1408)

• Hungary
  • King : Sigismund (1387–1437)

• Wallachia
  • Prince : Vlad I. Uzurpatorul (1394-1397)
  • Prince: Mircea the Old (1386–1394) (1397–1418)

• Zeta
  • Prince : Đurađ II. Balšić (1385–1403)

• Cyprus
  • King : Jacob I (1382–1398)