Arx (Landes)
| Arx | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Country | |
| Arrondissement | Mont-de-Marsan | |
| Canton | Haute Lande Armagnac | |
| Community association | Landes d'Armagnac | |
| Coordinates | 44 ° 6 ′ N , 0 ° 5 ′ W | |
| height | 90-159 m | |
| surface | 24.18 km 2 | |
| Residents | 58 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 2 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 40310 | |
| INSEE code | 40015 | |
 Parish Church of Saint Martin |
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Arx is a French municipality with 58 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of land in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the arrondissement of Mont-de-Marsan and the canton of Haute Lande Armagnac (until 2015: canton of Gabarret ).
The name in the Gascognic language is Arcs . It is derived from the Latin word arcus ( German bridge arch ). An important bridge could have been here in Gallo-Roman times on the Roman road from Bordeaux to Toulouse , or it could indicate a fortress built by Romans .
The inhabitants are called Arcais and Arcaises or Arquais and Arquaises .
geography
Arx is located approx. 55 km northeast of Mont-de-Marsan in the Gabardan region in the historic province of Gascony on the northeastern border with the neighboring Lot-et-Garonne department .
Arx is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Boussès (Lot-et-Garonne) | Durance (Lot-et-Garonne) | |
| Lubbon |
.svg)
|
Réaup-Lisse (Lot-et-Garonne) |
| Baudignan | Rimbez-et-Baudiets | Sos (Lot-et-Garonne) |
Arx lies in the catchment area of the Garonne River .
The Gueyze, a tributary of the Gélise , flows through the territory of the municipality, as does its tributary, the Ruisseau du Launet, which rises in Arx.
The municipality bears the “A Flower” award from the Conseil national des Villes et Villes Fleuris (CNVVF) as part of the competition for cities and towns adorned with flowers.
history
Arx had been settled at least since Gallo-Roman times, because an important Roman road passed the village. The gabardan, to which Arx belongs, had been under English rule since the 12th century and was the scene of numerous battles between English troops and armies of the French crown. After the end of the Hundred Years War , the Huguenot Wars between Protestant and Catholic parties shook the region in the 15th and 16th centuries . Arx knew peace only between the second half of the 17th century and the beginning of the French Revolution . The basic rule belonged at that time the family Mibielle from nearby Vielle-Soubiran . The community was founded as a result of the law of December 14, 1789. The economic activities in the 19th century were characterized by the extraction of tree sap and the production of Armagnac , which continued in the 20th century.
Population development
After records began, the population rose to a peak of around 490 by the second half of the 19th century. In the following period, the size of the community fell to around 55 inhabitants during short recovery phases by the turn of the millennium, before a moderate growth phase began, which is still today persists.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2010 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 176 | 144 | 118 | 85 | 88 | 57 | 64 | 67 | 58 |
Attractions
- Parish church dedicated to Martin of Tours . The exact dating of the construction of the ecclesia Sanctus Martinus de Arcubus cannot be made, but it is certain that it dates back to the late 12th or early 13th century. The fortified storey that extends over the church, the bell gable and the fortified entrance porch with its Gothic entrance portal were probably built with the first building. In view of the English occupation since the 12th century, the Hundred Years War (1337-1453) and the Huguenot Wars (1562-1598), the church was constructed and expanded as a fortified church . The triangular bell gable is characteristic of this epoch and is often found in Romanesque churches, especially in Gascon. It is equipped with buttresses and a sound arcade so that the sound generated by the bells can be transported outside as far as possible without hindrance. The main nave and the flat apse were built no earlier than the 14th century. In the 16th century the church was considered too cramped. In 1522, the southern aisle was added, and a few years later the northern aisle. Both side aisles with a length of two bays are separated from the main nave by pointed arches and covered with a ribbed vault that rests on thick pillars that were previously part of the outer walls of the nave. The round tower next to the bell gable has been provided with a weir bay window and was built by local masons around 1546 together with an octagonal tower of the nave. They were provided with loopholes , an indication of their primarily military function. This work has been reported by inspectors sent to the region by the French King Francis I. During the Huguenot Wars, the bell tower lost its gable and the vault of the nave, which was made in 1547, collapsed. After the conflict ended, the damage caused by the wars was probably repaired in 1647, 1651 and 1707, as indicated by the corresponding dates on the plaster of the north wall. The octagonal tower was demolished, but the bell gable was restored. The former barrel vault of the nave was replaced by paneling . The windows of the choir were changed or enlarged in the 17th century. During the same period, a porch was built in front of the entrance with a Renaissance-style entrance in the shape of a basket arch. An auxiliary building was erected on the south side at right angles to the long building. The choir, which is now rectangular and is somewhat narrower than the nave, is illuminated in the east by two large windows. To the south there is a large, square sacristy , to the west a tourelle with an internal staircase. Since May 30, 1990, the church in its entirety has been classified as a Monument historique .
- Floor cross . It dates from the early 19th century and is decorated with the symbols of the crucifixion of Christ . The cross was made at a time when, after the French Revolution , the Church was taking measures to regain the faith of the population. It is made of wrought iron, has the shape of a Latin cross and rests on a stone base that stands on a small staircase with three steps. The floor cross has been classified as a Monument historique since January 10, 2008 .
- Source of holy Quiteria. The Landes are a land of waters, around which legends have always been entwined. The source of the holy Quiteria is considered to be a healing source and part of the stories. Her second name is "Houn de maus det cap" ( German source of headaches ), because washing with her water should make them disappear. This is done by directly wetting the head, tossing coins into the well or dipping the clothes of the sick who cannot visit the spring themselves. Saint Quiteria, who gave her name to the spring, was beheaded as a martyr on May 22nd, 476 . She was buried in a sarcophagus located in Arles . There were numerous processions to this source on the day of her death . Due to medical advances, this worship declined over the course of the 19th century. The spring was renovated in 1990 and is still behind the church. A stele indicates their location.
Economy and Infrastructure
The fishing industry and agriculture are the main economic drivers of the municipality.
total = 5
traffic
Arx is crossed by Route départementale 59.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Arx ( fr ) Gasconha.com. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ↑ a b c Arx ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 10, 2018. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ↑ Landes ( fr ) habitants.fr. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ↑ Ma commune: Arx ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ↑ > Toutes les communes fleuries ( fr ) Conseil national des villes et villages fleuris. Retrieved January 13, 2018.
- ↑ Notice Communale Arx ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune d'Arx (40015) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ↑ Populations légales 2015 Commune d'Arx (40015) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ^ Église Saint-Martin d'Arx ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 10, 2018. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ↑ Clocher-mur de l'église Saint-Martin ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 10, 2018. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ^ Eglise Saint-Martin ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ↑ église paroissiale Saint-Martin ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ^ Croix de carrefour d'Arx ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 10, 2018. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ↑ Croix aux instruments de la Passion ( fr ) Ministry of Culture and Communication . Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ↑ Fontaine Sainte-Quitterie d'Arx ( fr ) Conseil régional d'Aquitaine. Archived from the original on January 10, 2018. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune d ְ 'Arx (40015) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved January 10, 2018.
