Oderico Manfredi

Oderico Manfredi II. Also Oderich Manfred II. Or Odalrich Maginfred II., Also called Ulric Manfred II. Or Udalrich Manfred (* 992 ; † October 29, 1034 in Turin ) from the house of the Arduine succeeded his father as margrave in 1000 of Turin and Margrave of Susa and received from Emperor Otto III. for faithful service with a diploma dated July 31, 1001 a confirmation of his possessions and privileges. He lived in troubled times, as it was after the death of Emperor Otto III. in Italy with Arduin of Ivrea (* around 955 ; † December 14, 1015 in Fruttuaria ) who was Margrave of Ivrea from around 990 until his death and King of Italy from 1002 , and with Henry II (* May 6, 973 or 978 in Abbach or Hildesheim ; † July 13, 1024 in Grone ), saint (since 1146), from the noble family of Otton , who was king of Italy from 1004 to 1024 and Roman-German emperor from 1014 to 1024 , gave a rival dual kingship . Oderich Manfred stayed out of the direct confrontation for the crown, but profited from the conflict by succeeding in acquiring various territories from the possession of Arduin von Ivrea and, in 1014, his widow, Berta von Milano, also Berta the Elder 'Este called to marry from the house of the Obertengi . At the same time he was successful in trying to expand his territory through wars with Boniface von Canossa (* probably 985; † May 6, 1052 in San Martino dall'Argine ), from the family of the Lords of Canossa . In any case, his attempt to intervene in the awarding of the crown of imperial Italy is noteworthy in order to prevent the succession of Conrad II as king of imperial Italy by attempting - ultimately in vain - to offer the crown of Italy to other European rulers together with other magnates of Italy. His descendants, who have survived to this day, are of interest because they show the extensive networking of dynastic relationships in early medieval Europe. Or I Manfred appears as the European progenitor, since not only numerous Italian dynasties - such as the Margraves of Saluzzo, the House of Savoy and the House of Este - but also the Emperors of the Holy Roman Empire from the House of Salians and from the House of Staufer and the Dukes of Austria descended from the house of the Babenbergs , with family ties also existing to the Norman rulers of Sicily and even to the first king of Jerusalem .

origin

Italian brands in the 10th century

Oderich Manfred II. Comes from the house of the Arduine , an Italian noble family that played an important role in northern Italy in the early High Middle Ages, as it ruled the margraviate of Turin and the margravate of Susa . The margraviate of Turin was founded in 941 by Hugo von Provence (* before 887; † 10 April 947 in Arles ) from the noble family of the Bosonids Hugo I , also known as Hugo Count Vienne , Hugo von (der) Provence , Hugo von Arles , ( * before 887; † April 10, 947 in Arles ) from the noble family of the Bosonids , who was regent for Louis the Blind from 905 , King of Lower Burgundy from 924 and King of Italy from 926 to 946 . In 941 he transferred the Margraviate of Turin to Arduino il Glabro (Arduin the Bald), also called Arduin Glabrio († after April 4, 976) - a direct ancestor of Olderich Manfred II - who had been Count of Auriate since 935 and who had made great contributions had he the Saracens from La Garde-Freinet today in the department of Var in the region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur and from the Val di Susa ( Metropolitan city of Turin , Piedmont , Italy sold) and the city was conquered Turin, the he made his residence. Arduin Glabrio was also one of the nobles who were led by Berengar II (* approx. 900; † August 4, 966 in Bamberg) Margrave of Ivrea (925–964) and King of Italy from 950 to 961, in the reorganization of feudal structures one of the newly created marquisates was transferred, namely the margravate Turin or "marcia arduinica" with the areas Auriate , Turin , Asti , Albenga and probably also Bredulo , Alba and Ventimiglia as well as the margraviate Susa . He was the first Margrave of Turin and Susa from 951 to 976. He was probably married to a daughter of Manfredo di Mosezzo.

Adalberto Atto

Oderich Manfred II. Was a son of Oderich Manfred I, also called Olderic Manfred I or Manfredo I for short († around 1000), who was Margrave of Turin from 977, and his wife (from 991) Prangarda di Canossa, a daughter by Adalbert Atto von Canossa (* 939; † February 13, 988), who was of Lombard origin , Count of Canossa, Count of Reggio nell'Emilia , Mantua and Modena and was involved in the disputes between Emperor Otto I the Great and Berengar II. (* approx. 900; † August 4, 966 ) King of Imperial Italy (950–961) played a role.

Life

Framework

The life of Oderich Manfred II was shaped by the fact that it was after the death of Emperor Otto III. instability prevailed in Italy as there were two opposing kings for a long time. Because Arduin of Ivrea (* around 955 ; † December 14, 1015 in Fruttuaria ) who was Margrave of Ivrea from 990 to 1015 , settled after the death of Emperor Otto III. (HRR) Otto III. elect on February 15, 1002 as King of Italy , while at the same time Heinrich II. (* May 6, 973 or 978 in Abbach or Hildesheim, † July 13, 1024 in Grone) from the House of Ottonians on June 7, 1002 succeeded Emperor Otto III. as King of Eastern Franconia (regnum Francorum orientalium) . However, Henry II did not come to Italy until 1004 and was crowned King of Italy on May 14, 1004 in Pavia . On February 14, 1014, he was crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire in Rome . Despite three Italian moves, Henry II stayed in Italy only briefly, primarily for the coronation and expulsion of the Italian rival king Arduin from Ivrea, who, however, managed to stay afloat after Henry's first Italian move, so that he - thanks the absence of Henry of Italy - only disappeared from the public eye in 1014 after a military defeat against his troops and retired to the Abbey of Fruttuaria (municipality of San Benigno Canavese about 20 km north of Turin in Piedmont ), where he died on December 14, 1015 .

Expansion of the domain

Oderich Manfred II stayed out of the direct confrontation between Emperor Heinrich II and Arduin von Ivrea, but with clever tactics he managed to expand his territory at the expense of Arduin von Ivrea by taking parts of his possession. According to documents from the years 1021 and 1031, Oderich Manfred II. Owned not only the margravates of Turin and Susa, but also Ivrea , Albenga , Ventimiglia , Auriate , Tortona , and Vercelli , territories that were previously partially controlled by Arduin von Ivrea. At the same time, Oderic Manfred II tried to expand his territory through wars with Boniface von Canossa (* probably 985; † May 6, 1052 in San Martino dall'Argine ), from the family of the Lords of Canossa , who was count since 1013/15 of Reggio, Modena , Mantua and Brescia , since 1028/32 Margrave of Tuscia , since 1051 also Duke of Spoleto and Margrave of Camerino , and thus one of the most powerful magnates of his time in Italy , who was also the father of Mathilde of Tuscia in the story went down.

residence

Olderich Manfred II. Controlled his extensive domain from Turin, which was a small town in itself, but offered itself as an administrative center due to its central location. However, Turin by no means served as a permanent residence, as he followed the tradition of medieval rulers and spent most of the time on the road on his diverse possessions in order to personally exercise control there and to promote local development.

Foundations

In accordance with the Christian tradition of rulers, religious foundations also played an important role in his life. Mention should be made of the restoration of the old church of Santa Maria Maggiore in Susa and the monastery in Novalesa (Novalesa is a member of the mountain commune Comunità Montana Bassa Valle di Susa e Val Cenischia ). He also had the districts of Exilles e Bardonecchia reinforced with walls and founded a Benedictine abbey in Susa - today the Cathedral of San Giusto - which in the following years gained a significant influence as a spiritual center. He also initiated the construction of the Cathedral of San Donato in Pinerolo in Piedmont.

Susa, Campanile di Santa Maria Maggiore from the southeast

Novalesa monastery, fresco life of Sant Eldrado from the time of Oderich Manfred II.

Susa TO Cattedrale San Giusto e Porta Savoia

110525 Pinerolo Duomo di Pinerolo CS (101)

Intervention in imperial politics in Italy

Olderich Manfred II finally achieved such a position of power that he felt he was entitled to interfere personally in imperial politics in Italy by meeting with a group of Italian greats after the death of Emperor Heinrich II, who succeeded King Conrad II . from the house of Salians opposed Italy as king and tried to remove imperial Italy from the control of the Roman-German kings and emperors by offering the crown of Italy to the Capetian king Robert II and his eldest son Hugo and, after his rejection, the same offer to Duke William V of Aquitaine (* 969 , † January 31, 1030 in the Maillezais Abbey ) from the Ramnulfiden family , who had been Duke of Aquitaine since 995 and (as William III) Count of Poitiers . However, this sought the candidacy of his son Wilhelm VI. “The fat one” (* 1004; † December 15, 1038 in Poitiers) Duke of Aquitaine (1030-1038), Count of Poitiers (1030-1038) only on condition that all spiritual and secular greats of Italy agree to this solution used. Duke Wilhelm, who personally explored the chances of this candidacy in Italy in the summer of 1025, soon became aware of the lack of consensus and thus the hopelessness of his son's candidacy, so he renounced it. In February 1026 took King Konrad II. His first Italian campaign and was established in March by Archbishop Aribert for King of the Lombards crowned. After King Konrad withdrew from Ravenna in June because of revolts there, he traveled to the Lombard lowlands. As a result, Oderich Manfred II. And the Margraves of Northern Italy finally gave up their opposition to King Conrad II in the winter of 1026, who celebrated Christmas in Ivrea - and thus in the domain of Oderich Manfred II. On March 26, 1027, the glamorous coronation of emperor by Pope John XIX took place in Rome, in which Oderic Manfred II probably also took part. The latter died soon after, on October 29, 1034 in Turin and was buried in Turin Cathedral .

Marriage and offspring

marriage

Coat of arms of the House of Este around 1239

Olderich Manfred married Berta of Milan, also called Berta d'Este († December 29, 1037) in 1014. She was a daughter of Oberto (Otbert) II. Palatine and Margrave of Milan and of Genoa († 1014/1021) from the house of Obertenghi - who himself took part in the power struggles between Henry II and Arduin of Ivrea on the side of the latter had - from his second marriage to Railenda, a daughter of Count Riprando. Her special status was that she was the widow of Arduin von Ivrea , who had been the (counter) king of Italy from 1002 to 1014, making her the former queen of Italy herself. In addition, Oderich Manfred had known her husband, Arduin von Ivrea, not only as an anti-king of Emperor Heinrich II, but also as a personal opponent. The marriage with his widow was therefore undoubtedly a triumph of Oderich Manfred over an important opponent and undoubtedly increased his prestige.

Joint foundations

Together with his wife Berta, Oderico Manfredi founded the Benedictine Abbey of Santa Maria in Caramagna Piemonte (in the province of Cuneo in the Piedmont region ) on May 28, 1028 , which he withdrew from the influence of the regional bishop by subordinating it directly to the Holy See. The following year, Berta, together with her husband and brother Alrico, Bishop of Asti, founded the Benedictine Abbey of San Giusto in Susa in July 1029, the church of which is now the Cathedral of Susa.

Brother-in-law Alberto Azzo I.

Noteworthy is Olderich Manfred's brother-in-law, Berta's brother Alberto Azzo I (* around 970, † 1029) was Margrave of Ancona, Margrave of Milan, Count of Luni, of Genoa and of Tortona, who - even before the family settled in Ferrara - as the first representative and ancestor of the House of Este, one of the most famous ruling families in Italy. His son, Alberto Azzo II. D'Este (* 996 or 1009; † 1097 ), was married to Kunigunde von Altdorf , whose son Welf IV. Was the progenitor of the younger German Welfs (Welf-Este) , the dukes of Bavaria and Saxony, dukes of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, who rose to be elector and kings of Hanover and kings of Great Britain and Ireland and who still flourish today as the House of Hanover . From the second marriage of Azzo II with Garsende von Maine comes Fulco I. d'Este († around 1128/35), the progenitor of the younger Italian line of the House of Este, which ruled Ferrara and Modena and only in 1803 with Ercole III. d'Este went out, his daughter Maria Beatrice d'Este (1750-1829), who brought her father's inheritance, the duchies of Modena and Reggio and that of her mother, the duchy of Massa and Carrara , to the House of Habsburg-Lothringen and thus became the founder the line Austria-Este was.

progeny

According to Detlev Schwennicke (Ed.): European family tables. New episode Volume 3, Part 3,

1. Adelheid von Susa , also called Adelheid von Turin (* around 1015; † December 1091 in Canischio) was heir to the marquisates of Turin and Susa from 1034, at the latest from 1046 to 1091. Through their marriages she was Duchess of Swabia from 1037 to 1038 , from 1042 to 1045 Margravine of Montferrat and from 1046 to 1057 Countess of Savoy. I. 1037 Hermann IV. the younger son of Duke Ernst I from the Babenberg family and later Empress Gisela of Swabia was Duke of Swabia from 1030 until his death. (no children) ⚭ II. January 29, 1042 Heinrich von Margrave of Montferrat from the house of the Aleramides , he was last mentioned in June 1044 and died in 1045. (no children) ⚭ III. 1046 Otto Count of Savoy and Margrave of Susa-Turin (* 1010/102 - Turin, January 19, 1057). He was the youngest son of Humbert I (Savoy) Humbert I Count of Savoy and his wife Anzilla, a daughter of Count Anselm III. from Lenzburg in Valais . From Adelheid's 3rd marriage:
   1. Peter I Count of Savoy (* around 1048 , † 1078 ) succeeded his father as Count of Savoy and Margrave of Turin . Since he left only daughters from his marriage, his younger brother Amadeus II succeeded him as Count of Savoy after his death in 1078. von Agnes of Poitou († 1089), probably a daughter of William VII, Duke of Aquitaine and widow of Ramiro I. King of Aragon .
   2. Amadeus II. Count of Savoy. (* around 1050; † January 26, 1080 in Turin), succeeded his brother Peter I from 1078 to 1080 as Count of Savoy. In 1077 he accompanied Emperor Heinrich IV on the walk to Canossa , accompanied by his mother Adelaide von Susa and his sister Berta von Savoyen - the wife of Emperor Heinrich IV - who took part in the negotiations about the Emperor to be reconciled with Pope Gregory VII . ⚭ 1065/70 Johanna von Geneva, daughter of Gerulf 1034 Count of Geneva, 1034 “princeps regionis”; (cl. 1032-1061) from his first marriage to Gisela Ne.
   3. Bertha Countess of Savoy (born September 21, 1051 ; † December 27, 1087 in Mainz ) buried in the Speyer Cathedral , was the wife of Henry IV. From July 13, 1066 to December 27, 1087, Roman-German queen (crowned on May 29, 1087). June 1066 in Tribur) and from March 31, 1084 until her death Empress of the Holy Roman Empire (crowned on March 31, 1984) ⚭ July 13, 1066 Emperor Heinrich IV (born November 11, 1050 probably in Goslar ; † 7 August 1106 in Liège ) from the house of the Salians . He was the eldest son of Emperor Heinrich III. and the Empress Agnes .
      1. Adelheid (1070 - June 4th before 1079, buried in Speier Cathedral)
      2. Heinrich (1/2 Aug 1071-Harzburg 2 Aug 1071)
      3. Agnes von Waiblingen (* end 1072/75; † September 24, 1143 in Klosterneuburg, buried: Klosterneuburg Monastery) ⚭ I. 1086/87 Duke Friedrich I of Swabia (* approx. 1050; † April 6, 1105) (grandfather of Emperor Friedrich I. Barbarossa) ⚭ II. 1106 Margrave Leopold III. "The Holy One" of Austria (* 1073; † November 15, 1136; buried: Klosterneuburg Monastery) Through her first marriage she was Duchess of Swabia from 1089 to 1105 and through her second marriage she was Margravine of Austria from 1106 to 1136. Through her children she became the ancestral mother of the imperial dynasty of the Hohenstaufen as well as the ancestral mother of the margraves and dukes of Austria from the house of the Babenbergs .
      4. Conrad III. (* February 12, 1074 in Hersfeld Monastery ; † July 27, 1101 in Florence ) was 1076-1087 Duke of Lower Lorraine , Roman-German King from 1087 to 1098 and King of Italy from 1093 to 1098. ⚭ 1095 Konstanze, daughter of the count Roger I, Count of Sicily and Apulia.
      5. Heinrich V (* 1086 possibly on August 11, † May 23, 1125 in Utrecht , buried in the Speier Cathedral), was co-king of his father, Emperor Heinrich IV , from May 10, 1098 , and from 1106, Roman-German king and of 1111 to 1125 Roman-German Emperor . ⚭ Mainz, 7 January 1114 Mathilde of England (* Winchester, 7 February 1102; † Rouen 10 September 1167), a daughter of Henry I "Beauclerc" from the House of Normandy, King of England (1100–1135) his first marriage to Matilda of Scotland . She married Geoffrey V. Plantagenet in 1127, Count of Anjou in 1129, Duke of Normandy in 1144, † September 11, 1151, buried in the cathedral of Le Mans.
   4. Adelheid von Turin (* between 1047 and 1053; † beginning of 1079 at the fortress Hohentwiel), ⚭ 1062 Rudolf Graf von Rheinfelden , (* around 1025; † October 15 or 16, 1080 after the Battle of Hohenmölsen). Duke of Swabia from 1057 to 1077, 1077–1080 anti-king of Henry IV ,
      1. Berthold von Rheinfelden, 1079 Duke of Schaben; † May 18, 1090, greeted St. Blasien
      2. Agnes von Rheinfelden (around 1065 - December 19, 1111) ⚭ 1079 Berthold II von Zähringen (around 1050 - April 12, 1111), Duke of Swabia
      3. Adelheid von Rheinfelden (* before 1077; † May 1090) ⚭ Ladislaus I the Holy (* 1048 in Poland ; † 29 July 1095 near Neutra ) from the House of the Arpaden, King of Hungary from 1077 to 1095.
      4. Bertha von Rheinfelden, Countess von Kellmünz, († 1133), ⚭ Ulrich X. von Bregenz (* around 1060; † 1097) Count of Bregenz from 1079 to 1097.
   5. Otto of Turin, Bishop of Asti from 1073 to 1079
   6. Adelheid of Turin
2. N (son) of Turin, Count of Monbardone, † before 1034/35
3. Immilla (Irmingard) (Emilia) of Turin (* around 1020; † Turin, January 1078) ⚭ I. around 1038 Otto Graf von Schweinfurt , called "the White" (* around 995; † September 28, 1057), Margrave of the Nordgau , from 1048 Duke of Swabia. He was a son of Heinrich von Schweinfurt , Margrave in Nordgau and Gerberga von Henneberg.⚭ II. 1058 Count Ekbert I of Braunschweig (* around 1036; † January 11, 1068), Margrave of Meißen ( Brunonen ). (Children only from first marriage)
   1. Berta (Alberada) von Schweinfurt († January 1, 1103) ⚭ I Hermann II († around 1074), Count von Kastl , Count von Cham, Margrave von Banz, from the house of the Counts von Sulzbach, brother of Friedrich II. , Sons of Hermann I. Count von Kastel († January 27, 1056) and Haziga von Diessen ⚭ II. Friedrich I († 1103), Count von Kastl and Habsberg. From 2nd marriage:
      1. Hermann III, Count von Kastl († September 23, murdered before 1125)
      2. Otto, Count von Habsberg († September 26, probably 1125)
      3. Friedrich, Count of Ammertal
      4. Judith von Kastl, married to a ministerial
   2. Gisela von Schweinfurt († February 22nd ??), heiress of the estates around Kulmbach and Plassenburg , ⚭ Arnold († 1098) Count von Dießen
      1. Gebhard I. von Dießen († approx. 1102), Count von Wasserburg, Hallgraf. ⚭ Richgard von Spanheim (cl. 1103; †! =: April approx. 1130), daughter of Engelbert Graf von Spanheim, Count in Pustertal, founder of St. Paul in Lavanttal.
      2. Berthold I († 1151), Count of Dießen- Andechs - Plassenburg - Kulmbach , Vogt von Benediktbeuern , co-founder of Dießen Monastery , around 1130 Vogt von Dießen. I. Sophie of Istria , ⚭ II. After 1130 Kunigunde von Formbach - Pitten , Daughter of Count Ekbert II of Formbach-Pitten , heiress of Formbach
      3. Friedrich Roch, Count ⚭ Kunitza (born March 6, 1120, daughter of Duke Welf I of Bavaria)
      4. Otto von Wasserburg; cl. around 1112
      5. Dietrich Graf von Wasserburg; (cl. 1085 - 1098)
      6. Adelheid († 1163) ⚭ Adalbert II. Count of Tyrol († 1125)
   3. Judith von Schweinfurt († 1104) ⚭ Konrad I (* around 1020; † December 5, 1055) from the house of the ( Ezzonen ) was Duke of Bavaria from 1049 to 1053 and Lord of Zütphen. ⚭ II. Botho (* 1027 / 28–1 March 1104), Count von Pottenstein, ( Aribonen )
      1. Adelheid von Pottenstein
   4. Eilika von Schweinfurt, Abbess of Niedermünster in Regensburg
   5. Beatrix von Schweinfurt (* around 1040, † 1104), heiress of Schweinfurt ⚭ Heinrich II. († around 1087/89), Count of Hildrizhausen, Margrave of the Nordgau.
      1. Eberhard von Hildrizhausen († January 6, 1112 in Quidilingoburg , Ostfalen , Tribal Duchy of Saxony ) was Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt from 1099 (?) To 1112.
4. Berta of Turin (* around 1020; † around 1065) ⚭ Otto (or Teuto) of Savona, Margrave of Western Liguria (Ponente ligure) (1036-?) From the house of the Aleramides.
   1. Bonifacio del Vasto, (* Savona around 1055; † around 1135) from the house of the Aleramides, Margrave of and of Western Liguria from 1084 to around 1130. ⚭ Agnes von Vermandois (* before 1085; † after 1125), daughter of Hugo von Vermandois (* 1057 - October 18, 1101 ) Hugo was a son of King Henry I of France and through his marriage Count of Valois and Vermandois and a leader of the First Crusade
      1. Manfred I. del Vasto, Margrave of Saluzzo , ancestor of the Marquis of Saluzzo;
      2. Guglielmo del Vasto, progenitor of the Marquis of Busca and, according to some, of the Lancia family
      3. Ugo, Ugone o Ugomagno del Vasto, Margrave of Clavesana
      4. Anselmo del Vasto, ancestor of the Marquis of Ceva and Clavesana;
      5. Enrico del Vasto, ancestor of the Marquis Del Carretto;
      6. Oddone Boverio del Vasto, Marquis of Loreto.
      7. Bonifacio the Younger del Vasto, Bishop and Margrave of Cortemilia .
      8. Sibilla del Vasto, ⚭ Wilhelm VI. Lord of Montpellier .
   2. Manfredo Incisa del Vasto (+ Savona 1079),
      1. Adelasia del Vasto (* 1072; † April 18, 1118 in Patti) was Countess of Sicily from 1089 to 1101 and regent there for her son Roger II of Sicily from 1101 to 1112 and Queen of Jerusalem from 1112 to 1117. The “Castello della Contessa Adelaide”, which dates back to the 11th century, commemorates her in the city of Susa . ⚭ 1089 (his third marriage) Roger I von Hauteville , (* 1031 ; † June 22, 1101 in Mileto , Calabria ) was the youngest son of Tankreds von Hauteville and ruler of Sicily from 1071 to 1101 . ⚭ II. 1113 Baldwin I of Boulogne, first count of Edessa 1098 - 1100 and first king of Jerusalem (1100 - 1118). He was a younger brother of Godfrey of Bouillon , who was the first ruler to rule the Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1099 to 1100. After Adelheid had been expelled from him for domestic political reasons in 1117, she returned to Sicily, where she died in 1118. She is buried in the Cathedral of S. Bartolomeo in Patti. Children from Adelheid's first marriage:
         1. Simon von Hauteville (* Palermo 1093 ; † Mileto September 28, 1105 in Mileto , Calabria 1093-1105), Count of Sicily (1101-1105)
         2. Matilde von Hauteville (* before 1095, † around 1135) ⚭ Rainulfo di Alife, Count of Alife , Caiazzo , Sant'Agata de 'Goti , Telese ( 1115 - 1139 ) at times also Count of Avellino , Mercogliano , Ariano Irpino , Troia and Herzog of Apulia ( 1137 - 1139 )
         3. Roger II of Hauteville (* December 22, 1095 in Mileto ; † February 26, 1154 in Palermo ) from the Norman noble family of the Hauteville was count from 1105 and from 1130 until his death King of Sicily. He is considered one of the most important rulers of the Seen in the Middle Ages and was considered the richest ruler of Europe in his time, through his daughter from third marriage to Beatrix von Rethel , Konstanze von Sizilien (* 1154 - 27 November 1198 in Palermo ) married to Emperor Heirich VI. he became the grandfather of Emperor Friedrich II von Hohenstaufen.
         4. Maximilla von Hauteville († after 1137) ⚭ Ildebrandino VI. Aldobrandeschi († after 1123)
      2. Enrico del Vasto (Enrico di Savona, Enrico Aleramico), (* Piedmont before 1079, † Sicily 1137), acted as head of the Aleramici of Sicily and was count of the Lombards in Sicily. Count of Paterno, Butera and Policastro ⚭ Flandina von Hauteville, daughter of Roger I von Hauteville from his marriage to Judith von Evreux. She was the widow of Ugo di Jersey, the first Count of Paterno and Lord of Catania († 1075) Enrico thereby obtained the County of Paterno
      3. Ne del Vasto ⚭ Giordano von Hauteville (* around 1060; † Siracusa, September 18, 1092, buried Messina church Santa Maria di Mili) illegitimate son of Roger von Hauteville, Count of Sicily, general in the fight against the Arabs in Sicily, fought for Benevento, Trapani, Taormina, Syracuse and Noto, temporarily ruler of Sicily for his father, Lord of Syracuse and Noto.
      4. Rogasia del Vasto, ⚭ Goffredo I d'Altavilla (Hauteville), since 1091 Count of Ragusa († 1120), illegitimate son of Count Roger of Sicily, fought against the Arabs in Sicily, renouncing the successor to his father due to illness, tried about the restoration of Christianity in Sicily.
   3. Anselmo del Vasto
   4. Enrico del Vasto
   5. Otto del Vasto, perhaps identical to Oddone Bonmarchis , ⚭ Emma von Hauteville
      1. Tancredi di Galilea
   6. Gerberga del Vasto

See also

Margraviate Turin Arduine Imperial Italy

literature

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• Charles Cawley Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Medieval Lands [9]

• R. Bordone, Il "famosissimo marchese Bonifacio". Spunti per una storia delle origini degli Aleramici detti del Vasto, in "Bollettino storico-bibliografico subalpino" LXXXI (Torino 1983),
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• European Family Tables New Series Volume I.1 Plate 12, published by J. A Stargardt, Marburg 1980
• European Family Tables, New Series, Volume I.1; Panel 14; Verlag Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main, ISBN 3-465-02743-4
• European Family Tables New Series Volume I.1 Plate 59; Verlag Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main, ISBN 3-465-02743-4
• European Family Tables New Series Volume I.1, Plate 86b
• European family tables. New episode Volume 3, Part 3: Other large European families, illegitimate descendants of Spanish and Portuguese royal families. Stargardt, Marburg 1985, ISBN 3-465-02714-0 , plate 593
• European Family Tables New Series, Volume XI, Families from the Middle and Upper Rhine and from Burgundy; Plate 158, The Counts of Geneva; Published by JA Stargardt, 1986

• European family tables ; New series Volume I.1, Plate 86b
• European family tables ; New series, Volume XI, Families from the Middle and Upper Rhine and from Burgundy; Plate 158, The Counts of Geneva; Published by JA Stargardt, 1986
• Charles Cawley Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Medieval Lands [11]
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• John Julius Norwich, The Normans in the South 1016-1130. Longmans: London, 1967
• Previté-Orton, Early History, p. 188.
• Michele E. Puglia, [15]
• Steven Runciman, History of the Crusades, pp. 138 f, DTV, 2nd edition 1997; ISBN 3-423-04670-8
• E. Sortino Schininà, Il conte Goffredo di Ragusa (1093-1120), in "Archivio Storico per la Sicilia Orientale", XII (1915), pp. 181-185.
• Kenneth M. Setton, Marshall W. Baldwin: A History of the Crusades. The First Hundred Years. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison 2006, ISBN 0-2990-4834-9 , p. 362
• Armando Tallone, Regesto dei documenti dei marchesi di Saluzzo (1091-1340), I, p. 1/
• Oberto II in: Treccani, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. l
• Genealogy of the Hauteville Family, Michele E. Puglia, [16]

Web links

• Charles Cawley, Medieval Lands, Northern Italy, https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/NORTHERN%20ITALY%20after%201400.htm#_Toc482893191

Individual evidence

1. ^ Charles Cawley Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Medieval Lands [1]
2. ^ Charles Caley, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Medieval Lands [2] .
3. ↑ http://www.manfred-hiebl.de/mittelalter-genealogie/este_familie/otbert_2_pfalzgraf_von_mailand_nach_1021.html
4. ↑ Oberto II in: Treccani, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/oberto-ii-marchese-della-liguria-orientale
5. ↑ Medieval Women's Latin Letters; A letter from Bertha of the Obertenghi (1029, July 9) [3]
6. ↑ Carmagna Piemonte, Antica abbazia di Santa Maria [4]
7. ^ Margherita Giuliana Bertolini, Alberto Azzo I, in Treccani, Dizionario biografico degli italiani, vol. 1, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana, 1960. [5]
8. ↑ European Family Tables New Series Volume I.1 Plate 59
9. ↑ Detlev Schwennicke (Ed.): European family tables. New episode Volume 3, Part 3: Other large European families, illegitimate descendants of Spanish and Portuguese royal families. Stargardt, Marburg 1985, ISBN 3-465-02714-0 , plate 593
10. ↑ European Family Tables New Series, Volume XI, Families from the Middle and Upper Rhine and from Burgundy; Plate 158, The Counts of Geneva; Published by JA Stargardt, 1986
11. ↑ European Family Tables, New Series, Volume I.1; Plate 14
12. ↑ Genealogy.Euweb.cz [6]
13. ↑ European Family Tables New Series, Volume I. 1, Plate 12, Verlag Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main, ISBN 3-465-02743-4
14. ↑ Claudia Zey : Wives and Daughters of the Salic Rulers. On the change in Salic marriage policy during the crisis. In: Tilman Struve (Ed.): The Salians, the Reich and the Lower Rhine. Böhlau, Cologne et al. 2008, ISBN 978-3-412-20201-9 , pp. 47–98, here p. 83 .
15. ↑ European Family Tables New Series Volume I.1 Plate 12, published by J. A Stargardt, Marburg 1980
16. ↑ Heribert Batzl: History of the market town of Kastl, market town of Kastl (ed.), 1984
17. ↑ European Family Tables New Series Volume I.1, Plate 86b
18. ↑ H. Bresslau, Yearbooks of the German Empire under Konrad II. , 2 vols. (1884), accessible online at: archive.org
19. ↑ Previte-Orton, Early History, p. 188.
20. ↑ Genealogy.Euweb.CZ http://genealogy.euweb.cz/italy/montfer.html#M1
21. ^ R. Bordone, Il "famosissimo marchese Bonifacio". Spunti per una storia delle origini degli Aleramici detti del Vasto, in "Bollettino storico-bibliografico subalpino" LXXXI (Torino 1983), pp. 587-602;
22. ↑ Kenneth M. Setton, Marshall W. Baldwin: A History of the Crusades. The First Hundred Years. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison 2006, ISBN 0-2990-4834-9 , p. 362
23. ↑ Steven Runciman, History of the Crusades, pp. 138 f, DTV, 2nd edition 1997, ISBN 3-423-04670-8
24. ^ Genealogy of the Hauteville family, Michele E. Puglia, [7]
25. ^ Charles Cawley, Medieval Lands, [8]
26. ↑ John Julius Norwich, The Normans in the South 1016-1130. Longmans: London, 1967.
27. ↑ Armando Tallone, Regesto dei documenti dei marchesi di Saluzzo (1091-1340), I, p. 1/
28. ^ John Julius Norwich, I Normanni nel Sud 1016-1130. Mursia: Milano 1971 (ed. Orig. The Normans in the South 1016-1130. Longmans: London, 1967).
29. ↑ Raul Manselli, ALTAVILLA, Giordano d ', in Treccani, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani - Volume 2 (1960) http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giordano-d-altavilla_(Dizionario-Biografico)
30. ↑ E. Sortino Schininà, Il conte Goffredo di Ragusa (1093-1120), in "Archivio Storico per la Sicilia Orientale", XII (1915), pp. 181-185.
31. ↑ http://www.casalenews.it/patri-259-montisferrati-storie-aleramiche-e-dintorni/il-mistero-del-marchese-odobono-36308.html
32. ^ Genealogy.Euweb.CZ l