Märkischer Kreis
| coat of arms | Germany map |
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Coordinates: 51 ° 16 ' N , 7 ° 43' E |
| Basic data | |
| State : | North Rhine-Westphalia |
| Administrative region : | Arnsberg |
| Regional association : | Westphalia-Lippe |
| Administrative headquarters : | Ludenscheid |
| Area : | 1,061.06 km 2 |
| Residents: | 410.222 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density : | 387 inhabitants per km 2 |
| License plate : | MK |
| Circle key : | 05 9 62 |
| NUTS : | DEA58 |
| Circle structure: | 15 municipalities |
| Address of the district administration: |
Heedfelder Strasse 45 58509 Lüdenscheid |
| Website : | |
| District Administrator : | Thomas Gemke ( CDU ) |
| Location of the Märkisches Kreis in North Rhine-Westphalia | |
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The Märkische Kreis is a district in North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany, which has existed since 1975 . It is located in the northwest of the Sauerland and belongs to the Arnsberg administrative region and the South Westphalia region .
geography
Spatial location
The Märkische Kreis comprises the western part of the Sauerland . In the north it is bounded by the Ruhr valley , while the southern part of the district is very hilly. The highest elevation is the Nordhelle in the Ebbegebirge with 663 m above sea level. NHN . The lowest point at 106.2 m above sea level. NHN is located on the Ruhr near Iserlohn-Rheinen .
The most important rivers flowing through the district are the Lenne , Volme , Hönne , Lister , Oester and, as a border river, the Ruhr .
Circle structure
The Märkische Kreis is made up of fifteen municipalities . Of these fifteen, twelve municipalities bear the title “ city ”. The cities of Hemer, Menden (Sauerland), Plettenberg and Altena are medium-sized district cities , as their population is between 25,000 and 60,000. The two cities of Iserlohn and Lüdenscheid are large cities belonging to the district , as their population is over 60,000.
The following list enumerates the fifteen municipalities of the Märkischer Kreis with official names. The population (in brackets) is as of December 31, 2019.
Cities
Other communities
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Neighboring areas
The Märkische Kreis borders in a clockwise direction in the northwest with the Unna , Soest , Hochsauerlandkreis , Olpe , Oberbergischer Kreis and Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis and the independent city of Hagen .
history
The Märkische Kreis developed through the regional reform in 1975 from different historical Westphalian areas. Since the Middle Ages, the Hönnetal with Klusenstein Castle has been a natural border between the area of Grafschaft Mark and Grafschaft Arnsberg , which remained Catholic after the Reformation.
The name of the district is derived from this county of Mark , which from its ancestral seat in the village of Mark - today a district of Hamm in the Hamm-Uentrop district - comprised a large part of the area of today's district. The entire area of Grafschaft Mark comprised parts of the Sauerland, the Bergisch-Mark hill country on the Ruhr, today's Ruhr area and the Soester Börde. The name Märkischer Kreis suggests a common past that can only be historically proven to a limited extent. The Märkische Kreis neither covers the territory of the former County of Mark, nor were all 15 towns and municipalities in the Mark region. Some areas of the County of Limburg and the former Electoral Cologne Duchy of Westphalia also belong to the current district.
Today the diocesan border of the Catholic Church runs between the Archdiocese of Paderborn and the relatively young diocese of Essen through the Märkischer Kreis; historically it was part of the Archdiocese of Cologne .
Territorial reform
The Märkische district was created as part of the municipal reform on 1 January 1975 as a merger of the independent city Iserlohn , the circle Iserlohn - without swords , without the former city of Hohenlimburg - the circle Lüdenscheid and the city Balve together with the Office Balve and the municipality Asbeck from the Arnsberg district . The district of Lüdenscheid was only created in 1969 when the district of Altena merged with the independent city of Lüdenscheid .
In addition to the district house built after the regional reform in Lüdenscheid, the Märkische Kreis maintains further administrative buildings in the former district towns of Iserlohn and Altena to this day.
Population development
|
* December 31st |
The data prior to 1977 have been converted to the territorial status of July 1, 1976. Source: Landesdatenbank NRW, accessed on August 27, 2011
annotation
1 1961, 1970, and 1987: These data are census results.
Forecast: According to IT.NRW from 2014, the district will lose around 37,200 inhabitants in the next ten years up to 2025, i.e. almost ten percent. According to the 2015 forecast from IT.NRW, the decline from 2014–2040 will be more than twenty percent.
For the same period (2014–2040), however, the IT.NRW is forecasting a more pronounced decline in the labor force due to demographic change ( old age quota ), namely by 28.6 percent (from 200,500 to 143,100, hence - 57,400).
Denomination statistics
According to the 2011 census , 36.5% of the population were Protestant , 31.0% Roman Catholic and 32.5% were non-denominational , belonged to another religious community or did not provide any information. The number of Protestants and Catholics has fallen since then.
politics
Full-time district administrator
- 1997–1999: Klaus Tweer (SPD)
- 1999–2009: Aloys Steppuhn (CDU)
- since 2009: Thomas Gemke (CDU)
Honorary District Administrator (until 1997)
- 1975: Heinz Bickmann (CDU) [acting]
- 1975–1994: Walter Hostert (CDU)
- 1994–1997: Klaus Tweer (SPD)
Senior District Director (until 1997)
- 1975: Wilfried Droste (SPD) (provisional)
- 1975–1986: Jürgen Albath (CDU)
- 1986–1997: Bernhard Schneider (CDU)
District council
Currently there is the following distribution of seats according to parliamentary groups in the district council (as of September 2014):
| CDU | SPD | GREEN | FDP | UWG | THE LEFT | Non-attached | total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 27 | 21st | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4th | 66 |
| AfD 2, NPD 1, PIRATES 1 |
The CDU and SPD have formed a coalition for the 2014–2020 election period.
The district town and seat of the district council is Lüdenscheid.
| Historic distribution of seats in the district council | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| choice | CDU | SPD | GREEN | FDP | UWG | LEFT | NPD | REP | total |
| 2004 | 32 | 22nd | 6th | 5 | 5 | - | 1 | 1 | 72 |
| 2009 | 26th | 19th | 6th | 7th | 4th | 3 | 1 | - | 66 |
→ See also: Results of the local elections in the Märkisches Kreis from 1969
District coat of arms
"The coat of arms of the Märkischer Kreis shows, divided by a three-row red-white (-silver) nested bar, above in yellow (gold) growing a black red-armored lion, below in white (silver) a continuous black cross."
meaning
The upper part of the coat of arms is based on the coat of arms of the old district of Altena . The march bar already contained therein is borrowed from the coat of arms of the Counts of Mark , the lords and founders of the county of Mark . The lion in the coat of arms, which can also be found there, is the heraldic animal of the old County of Altena , which later became part of County Mark.
Already Adolf I von der Mark Graf von der Mark, Altena and Krieckenbeck from the Berg-Altena house, founder of the Mark County and the Mark House, had the coat of arms with the chess bar and the half rising lion on a golden background. The coloring of the lion, on the other hand, has not been handed down, but is assumed to be black on a gold background with red weapons, as shown in the lead windows at Altena Castle. However, these are themselves reconstructions from the time of the restoration of Altena Castle . Counts Adolf I and Otto are the only family members of the House of Mark for whom this coat of arms has been proven. Later counts only used the Brandenburg chess beam, which, according to Stirnberg, is a contraction of the double pinnacles of the Altena-Märkisch parent company in Berg . This parent house went out in 1225, only afterwards did the Limburg lion appear in a modified form in the Bergische coat of arms, as the Dukes of Limburg had succeeded the Counts of Berg. The said modification is known today as the Bergischer Löwe and can be found in numerous coats of arms of the Bergisches Land, sometimes with the older double pinnacle. The Bergische Löwe was adapted by the Counts of Limburg towards the end of the 13th century without a crown . These were named after their patrons, the Dukes of Limburg and Counts von Berg and after the Hohenlimburg Castle built by the Duke of Limburg . Here, as in Berg, the lion is red. Parts of the old county of Limburg came with the parts of the Altkreis Iserlohn in the Brandenburg district, so that the lion also stands for these parts, but without being the Bergisch / Hohenlimburg lion.
The black cross at the bottom of the coat of arms stands for the properties of the Electorate of Cologne, such as Menden , Balve and Meinerzhagen - Valbert , which, in addition to the lands of Grafschaft Mark, made up today's district area. From the political side it was not wanted that a red lion should get on the coat of arms in order not to be accused of having reissued the coat of arms of the Meinerzhagen office , which has since expired .
District partnerships
From the circle Iserlohn which has existed since 1970, county partnership with Wrexham County Borough in Wales adopted.
In the course of German reunification , a partnership was established with the Brandenburg district of Finsterwalde , which - following a municipal reorganization - will be continued by its successor district, Elbe-Elster .
Furthermore, there has been a partnership with the Polish powiat ( district ) Racibórz since 2001 .
Economy and Infrastructure
In the future atlas 2016 , the Märkische Kreis took place 270 out of 402 rural districts, municipal associations and urban districts in Germany and is therefore one of the regions with a “balanced risk-opportunity mix” for the future.
The district is primarily represented by its medium-sized , often family-run companies. The Märkische Kreis is located in the South Westphalia region, which is one of Germany's strongest industrial regions and has 150 world market leaders. The global valve manufacturer Grohe was founded in Hemer. This is also where the Keuco bathing company is based, and Dornbracht , another leading company in the sanitary industry, is located in the neighboring town of Iserlohn . The railway technology company Vossloh from Werdohl is listed in the SDAX. Several specialized suppliers for the automotive industry can be found in the northern and southern districts. Mechanical engineering, metal processing, toolmaking and electrical engineering represent further industry focal points.
Agricultural businesses are represented in many places in the Märkisches Kreis.
The hurricane Kyrill left 2,007 millions in damages in January. Around three and a half million solid cubic meters of storm wood were recorded in the district. The regions around Iserlohn, Balve and Plettenberg were hardest hit.
For several years now, a so-called employers' day has been taking place in different locations in cooperation with the Employment Agency .
traffic
Road traffic
The most important motorway in the district is the federal motorway 45 (Sauerland line) , which runs from Hagen in a north-south direction via Lüdenscheid and Meinerzhagen via Siegen in the direction of Frankfurt am Main . This has the following connection points in the district: Lüdenscheid-Nord, Lüdenscheid, Lüdenscheid-Süd and Meinerzhagen. In the north of the district, the federal motorway 46 runs in a west-east direction, from Hagen via Iserlohn to the current end of the motorway at the Hemer / Iserlohn-Löbbeckenkopf exit in the east of the city of Iserlohn. Further connection points in the district are: Iserlohn-Letmathe, Iserlohn-Oestrich, Iserlohn-Zentrum and Iserlohn-Seilersee. Further construction via Menden (Sauerland) to Arnsberg is to take place by 2023.
In addition, the Märkische Kreis is made up of the federal highways
- B 7 from Hagen via Iserlohn, Hemer and Menden towards Arnsberg;
- B 54 from Hagen via Schalksmühle, Lüdenscheid-Bruges, Halver, Kierspe-Bahnhof, Meinerzhagen towards Siegen;
- B 229 from Radevormwald via Halver, Lüdenscheid, Werdohl, Neuenrade, Balve towards Arnsberg;
- B 233 from Iserlohn via Menden-Halingen in the direction of Unna and Kamen;
- B 236 from Dortmund via Iserlohn-Letmathe, Nachrodt-Wiblingwerde, Altena, Werdohl, Plettenberg in the direction of Winterberg;
- B 237 from Remscheid via Kierspe to Meinerzhagen
- B 515 from Balve-Sanssouci (B 229) to Menden-Halingen (B 233) crossed.
Originally, a federal motorway A 54 (also formerly known in part as A 208) was supposed to run from the Dutch border at Brunssum via Puffendorf , Bergheim , Langenfeld , Solingen , Remscheid , Radevormwald , Halver , Lüdenscheid and Werdohl to Plettenberg in the Sauerland . The crossing point with the then already existing A 45 motorway would have been south of today's exit 13 Lüdenscheid-Nord. Except for two sections, today's A 542 and the state road 141n running through the Solingen city area, the A 54 was never completed.
Transportation
In the area of local public transport there are various bus and train lines in the district .
Train traffic
Overview
Some regional and regional express trains run on the rail network of DB Netz , which are operated by DB Regio and Abellio Rail NRW .
In the north of the district is the city of Iserlohn. She is to the
- Letmathe – Fröndenberg railway line , on which the Ruhr-Sieg-Express RE 16 runs from Iserlohn via Hagen and Bochum to Essen and the "Ruhr-Sieg-Bahn" RB 91 from Iserlohn to Hagen, as well as to the
- Ardey-Bahn ( Iserlohn - Schwerte - Dortmund ) connected.
On the circle passing through from north to south Ruhr-win path ( DB-Kursbuch route with stations in 440) Iserlohn-Letmathe , Altena , Werdohl and Plettenberg operate
- the "Ruhr-Sieg-Express" RE 16 and
- the "Ruhr-Sieg-Bahn" RB 91 .
One of the most scenic and historically significant railway lines is the Hönnetalbahn , which connects Neuenrade with Fröndenberg and follows the river of the Hönne .
In the south of the district the following two railway lines are used by DB Regio:
- The Volmetal-Bahn (RB 52): Dortmund - Hagen - Lüdenscheid, which was operated by the private Dortmund-Märkische Eisenbahn GmbH until December 15, 2004 .
- The Oberbergische Bahn (RB 25): Cologne - Gummersbach - Meinerzhagen - Bruges (Westf) - Lüdenscheid .
All railway lines belong to DB Netz and the stations are owned by DB Station & Service .
See also: Railways in the Sauerland
Iserlohn – Hemer – Menden route
In mid-2004, the municipalities were considering reactivating the disused Iserlohn - Iserlohn Ost - Hemer - Menden line. However, Deutsche Bahn AG showed no interest in this. This was followed by discussions about whether the tank transports should be moved to the road, as Deutsche Bahn AG wanted to shut down the route. The municipalities rejected this because of a feared increase in noise pollution and road damage. After the closure of the Hemeraner Blücher barracks was announced on November 2, 2004 , the last use of the railway line from Hemer to Menden, which was previously used for the monthly tank transports of the German armed forces, will be stopped .
Volme-Agger railway line
In 2006 the Volme-Agger-Bahn was to be reactivated on the route from Hagen via Bruges (Westf) - Kierspe - Meinerzhagen - Marienheide - Gummersbach to Cologne (see: Hagen – Dieringhausen railway ). In the summer of 1998, the state of North Rhine-Westphalia classified the gap between Bruges (Westf) and Gummersbach as urgent in its public transport requirements planning and planned the necessary funds for reactivation in the budget. There were contracts with the transport associations closed. The reactivation has been announced regularly since then, but has been postponed again and again. In the meantime, new tracks have been laid halfway , signals have been installed and level crossings have been built. In May 2006, however, the Minister of Transport, Oliver Wittke , who had been appointed to office after the change of government in North Rhine-Westphalia , announced that he wanted to re-examine the project. No further work has been done until then.
On June 7, 2011, the responsible association announced that the section between Meinerzhagen and Bruges will be repaired in two stages. The first expansion phase lasted from autumn 2011 to the end of 2012 and comprised a construction volume of 8 million euros. The second expansion stage had roughly the same volume. This secured both freight and passenger traffic on the Volmetalbahn. With the timetable change in December 2013, Meinerzhagen was again connected to rail passenger transport. The trains of the regional train line 25 Cologne-Hansaring - Gummersbach - Marienheide run again to Meinerzhagen. Here the last scheduled passenger train left Meinerzhagen station on May 31, 1986 in the direction of Gummersbach-Dieringhausen. The course for reactivation was set in 2012 for the complete closure of the gap through the Volmetal to Lüdenscheid-Bruges, which was implemented by December 2017.
Since the beginning of October 2012, extensive work on renewing the track systems has been going on in the area of the railway station in Meinerzhagen. Deutsche Bahn AG invested around 16.5 million euros in this track renewal alone. The construction project cost around 5 million euros. The reactivation of the Volmetalbahn was an important project within the regional program “Above on the Volme”. In addition to the line work, carried out by Deutsche Bahn AG, the four participating municipalities of Meinerzhagen, Kierspe, Halver and Schalksmühle would also make the area around the stations more attractive. In addition, the stations were also given stops with storage space for bicycles because of the Volmetal cycle path, which is also part of the regional project. As things stand, Deutsche Bahn AG is involved in the overall planning with an investment volume of around 29 million euros.
Bus transport
The local and regional bus lines running in the district are mainly operated by Märkische Verkehrsgesellschaft GmbH (MVG) , but there are also lines of Busverkehr Ruhr-Sieg (BRS), Verkehrsgemeinschaft Westfalen-Süd (VWGS) and Regionalverkehr Köln (RVK) as well as from several committed citizens' bus associations .
air traffic
The nearest airports are Dortmund Airport , the airport Dusseldorf and Cologne / Bonn Airport . In the Märkischer Kreis, there are some smaller airports, such as the airfield Meinerzhagen , the airfield Altena-Hegenscheid and Segelfluggelände Menden-Barge .
Culture
The Märkische Kreis is part of the South Westphalia cultural region . The cultural activities of the district are supervised by the Culture Service in Altena . Among other things, the circle is the sponsor of the Altena Castle Museums with the Museum of the County of Mark and the Museum of the World Youth Hostel.
The Märkische Kreis is the sponsor of the Märkische Youth Symphony Orchestra, founded in 1989 . In addition, there are other independent youth orchestras, some of which are symphonic, and a regional youth wind orchestra, in particular within the framework of the local music schools. In addition, there are amateur orchestras such as the chamber orchestras in Lüdenscheid and Meinerzhagen in various towns in the Märkisches Kreis. Every year in Iserlohn international soloists to the " Iserlohner autumn days of Music " one.
The district is also home to the oldest jazz club in Germany, the " Henkelmann " in Iserlohn.
For several years now, the “Rocksommer in Barendorf” has been taking place annually in Iserlohn in the museum village of Maste-Barendorf .
The most famous cultural monument in the Märkisches Kreis is Altena Castle . The Luisenhütte is also important as an industrial monument. The caves in the Hönnetal and Iserlohn are of cultural and historical importance .
The local homeland associations and local homeland maintenance r are organized under the umbrella of the Heimatbund Märkischer Kreis (HBMK).
The largest Ice Age cultural cave in Germany, the Balver Höhle, is located in Balve, where the Balver Höhle Festival, among others, offers a program.
In the Iserlohn “Parktheater” (house with large and small stage), foreign ensembles of all genres are the main guest. In Lüdenscheid there is the “Kulturhaus” with a similar focus. Menden offers permanent venues with the “Theater am Ziegelbrand” and the “Scaramouche” indoor theater.
The culture also includes the shooting scene , which is determined in the individual places of the district by groups such as the shooting brotherhoods, music clubs and choirs. The music associations are organized in the district music association. The shooting clubs are members of the Kreisschützenbund, the choirs in the Märkischer Kreis choir association.
Sports
The most famous team in the Märkischer Kreis is the team of the Iserlohn Roosters .
Soccer
The FC Iserlohn 46/49 plays after the merger of sports fans Oestrich-Iserlohn and football players of TuS Iserlohn in the football national league, as well as the SG Hemer, the Kiersper SC, the BSV Menden , the SC 1912 hens and FC Borussia Dröschede . The FSV Werdohl competes in the Westphalia League. The former second division soccer team Rot-Weiß Lüdenscheid is based in Lüdenscheid .
ice Hockey
Iserlohn has been the location of the Iserlohn Roosters , who play in the German Ice Hockey League (DEL) , since 1971 , and the venue here is the “ ice rink on the Seilersee ”.
The Iserlohner EC, founded in 1994, is the sporting flagship not only of the city of Iserlohn, but also of the entire Märkisches Kreis. The club came into the German Ice Hockey League (founded in 1994) by acquiring the license for the "Starbulls" Rosenheim and is now called Iserlohn Roosters. By 1987 the ECD Iserlohn (previously EC Deilinghofen) played in the highest German league, the then 1. Bundesliga.
Equestrian sport
The equestrian center in the Märkisches Kreis is Balve , where the Balve Optimum , an internationally important horse show, takes place every year and has become the home of the honorary chairman of the German Equestrian Association , Dieter von Landsberg-Velen .
Other important equestrian clubs are the Iserlohn Equestrian Club and the Edelburg Equestrian Club in Hemer. The youth of the rural riding and driving club in Meinerzhagen can boast impressive tournament successes .
The riding clubs are organized in the Märkischer Kreis riding association .
The most successful rider from the Märkisches Kreis was the two-time team Olympic champion and silver medalist in the individual classification Harry Boldt , who competed for the Iserlohner Reiterverein. After the end of his sports career, he achieved further significant successes as national coach.
Other sports
The six-time German champion and three-time cup winner roller hockey first division club ERG Iserlohn , the two-time German champion Blau Weiß Iserlohn-Letmathe in the Kegel Bundesliga (scissors) and VfB Altena , two-time German team champion in table tennis, are also based in Märkischen Kreis . The table tennis department has been an independent club since 1996 and currently plays in the Regionalliga West.
Two teams from RC Pfeil 07 Iserlohn start in the 2nd national cycling league, which has already achieved several German championship titles and placements in the school, youth and junior sector and has been in the top league for several years in the adult sector .
The district is represented in third class both in handball by SG Schalksmühle-Halver (3rd League West) and in volleyball by TuS Iserlohn (Regional League West). The Iserlohn Kangaroos (1st Regionalliga West) are only fourth class in basketball .
The German runner-up in skater hockey are the Highlanders from Lüdenscheid.
The Kiersper Motoballer (MBC + MSF-Tornado-Kierspe) are also represented in the Bundesliga. Other sports facilities for leisure activities are
- Adventure pools in Plettenberg and Iserlohn-Letmathe
- the Seilerseebad in Iserlohn
The Sauerland Mountain Association is the largest association in the region with over 50,000 members. The SGV for hiking and Nordic walking organizes events and is involved in nature conservation .
media
The regional daily newspapers Westfalenpost , Iserlohner Kreisanzeiger , Lüdenscheider Nachrichten (with the headers ("local editions") General Anzeiger , Altenaer Kreisblatt , Meinerzhagener Zeitung and Süderländer Volksfreund ) and the Westfälische Rundschau are distributed in the Märkischer Kreis . All sheets belong to either the WAZ or the Ippen group.
The local radio Radio MK can be seen as a connecting medium .
License Plate
When the new circle was formed, it was assigned the distinctive sign LS with effect from January 1, 1975 . On February 12, 1979, it was replaced by the MK, which is still valid today .
With both LS and MK , the vehicles from the old districts received special identification numbers up until the 1990s:
| area | Letters | numbers |
|---|---|---|
| Altkreis Lüdenscheid | A to Z | 1 to 9999 |
| AA to ZZ 1 | 1000 to 9999 | |
| Iserlohn district | AA to ZZ | 1 to 999 |
1 only with the distinctive sign MK
literature
- Ernst Dossmann : In the footsteps of the Counts of the Mark. Interesting facts about the development of the former Grafschaft Mark and the Märkischer Kreis. Verlag Mönnig, Iserlohn 1983, ISBN 3-922885-14-4 .
- Ernst Dossmann: Paper from the old Grafschaft Mark: paper production and processing in the economic area between Volme, Ruhr and Hönne: an economic geographic and family history study on the development of an important South Westphalian economic sector in the vicinity of the cities of Hagen, Iserlohn, Hemer, Menden, Fröndenberg and Plettenberg. Mönnig Verlag, Iserlohn 1987, ISBN 3-922885-33-0 .
- Heinz Heineberg , Günter Rosenbohm, Klaus Temlitz (eds.): The Märkische Kreis. Cities and municipalities in Westphalia 10. Aschendorff Verlag, Münster 2005, ISBN 3-402-06274-7 .
- 40 years of the Märkischer Kreis. Topics - developments - tendencies. 1975-2015. Märkischer Kreis, Lüdenscheid 2015.
- Michael Flöer: The place names of the Märkisches Kreis , publishing house for regional history, Gütersloh 2018, ISBN 978-3739511122
Web links
- Website of the Märkischer Kreis
- Document requests from the district archive of the Märkisches Kreis / digital Westphalian document database (DWUD)
- Märkischer Kreis in the Westphalian Cultural Atlas
- Map: Hunting districts in the Märkisches Kreis
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 . ( Help on this )
- ↑ State Office for Data Processing and Statistics NRW
- ^ Aloys Meister: Die Grafschaft Mark, Festschrift to commemorate the 300-year union with Brandenburg-Prussia. 2 vol., Dortmund 1909.
- ↑ Margarete Frisch: The county of Mark. The structure and internal structure of the area especially north of the Ruhr. Aschendorff, Münster in Westphalia 1937.
- ^ Uta Vahrenhold-Huland: Foundations and development of the territory of the county of Mark. Dortmund 1968.
- ↑ history. Märkischer Kreis, accessed on June 14, 2020 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 338 .
- ↑ State database NRW: Population status of the Märkischer Kreis
- ↑ Märkischer Kreis Religion , 2011 census
- ↑ election results.nrw.de
- ↑ spdfraktion-mk.de
- ↑ Main statute of the Märkischer Kreis of July 10, 1995 in the version of the amendment statute of October 2, 2008. (PDF; 57.3 kB) Article 2, paragraph 1. (No longer available online.) Märkischer Kreis, p. 1 , archived from the original on December 8, 2015 ; accessed on November 27, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Future Atlas 2016. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on March 23, 2018 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Discover the more than 150 world market leaders in South Westphalia! Retrieved February 9, 2018 .
- ↑ core industries. Retrieved February 9, 2018 .
- ↑ Ministry for the Environment and Nature Conservation, Agriculture and Consumer Protection of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia: Press release on Kyrillschäden (January 16, 2008)
- ↑ According to "Kyrill": Logistics the biggest problem ( Memento from October 9, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Closing gaps on motorways in North Rhine-Westphalia
- ^ Map with motorway plans (part 09) from January 1, 1976 from autobahn-online.de
- ↑ Article from the Süderländer Tageblatt of February 13, 2011: "A motorway through the Versetal"
- ^ Map with motorway plans (part 05) from January 1, 1976 from autobahn-online.de
- ↑ Article from the Lüdenscheider News from June 7, 2011: Joy about mutual success
- ↑ Article from the Meinerzhagener Zeitung from June 26, 2012: "The station and its surroundings are being renewed"
- ↑ Commissioning of the reactivated railway line from Meinerzhagen to Lüdenscheid – Bruges planned for the end of 2017. NWL, February 17, 2015, accessed on February 17, 2015 (press release).
- ^ Umbrella organization for the local homeland associations and local homeland caretakers
- ^ TTC Altena
Independent cities: Aachen | Bielefeld | Bochum | Bonn | Bottrop | Dortmund | Duisburg | Düsseldorf | Food | Gelsenkirchen | Hagen | Hamm | Herne | Cologne | Krefeld | Leverkusen | Mönchengladbach | Mülheim an der Ruhr | Munster | Oberhausen | Remscheid | Solingen | Wuppertal
Districts and city regions: City region Aachen | Borken district | Coesfeld district | District of Düren | Ennepe-Ruhr district | District of Euskirchen | District of Gütersloh | District of Heinsberg | Herford district | Hochsauerlandkreis | District of Höxter | District of Kleve | Circle lip | Märkischer Kreis | District of Mettmann | District of Minden-Lübbecke | Oberbergischer Kreis | District of Olpe | Paderborn district | Recklinghausen district | Rhein-Erft district | Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis | Rhein-Kreis Neuss | Rhein-Sieg-Kreis | District of Siegen-Wittgenstein | District of Soest | District of Steinfurt | District of Unna | District of Viersen | District of Warendorf | Wesel district