List of heads of state 1378

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Africa

• Egypt ( Bahri Dynasty )
  • Sultan : al-Mansur Ali II (1377-1381)

• Algeria ( Abdalwadiden )
  • Sultan : Abu Hammu II. Musa ( 1359–1360, 1360–1370 , 1372–1383, 1384–1387, 1387–1389 )

• Ethiopia
  • Emperor (Negus Negest) : Newaya Mariam (1372–1382)

• Ifriqiya (East Algeria, Tunisia) ( Hafsiden )
  • Caliph : Abu l-Abbas Ahmad II (1370-1394)

• Jolof (in what is now Senegal )
  • Buur-ba Jolof : Sare N'Dyaye (1370-1390)

• Kano
  • Emir : Yaji I (1349-1385)

• Kingdom of Mali
  • King : Musa II (1374-1387)

• Morocco ( Merinids )
  • Sultan : Abu l-Abbas Ahmad (1374–1384)

• Empire Kanem
  • King : Umar I (1376-1381)

America

• Aztec Empire
  • Tlatoani : Acamapichtli (1371-1391)

• Inca Empire
  • Inca : Inca Roca (approx. 1350-1380)

Asia

• Kingdom of the White Mutton (Ak Koyunlu)
  • Ruler: Kutlu Bey (1362-1389)

• Ayutthaya
  • King : Borommaracha I (1370-1388)

• Champa
  • King : Chê Bong Ngo (1360-1390)

• China ( Ming Dynasty )
  • Emperor : Hongwu (1368–1398)

• Delhi
  • Sultan : Firuz Shah Tughluq (1351-1388)

• Japan
  • Emperor (south court): Chōkei (1368-1383)
  • Emperor (north court): Go-En'yū (1371–1382)
  • Shogun Ashikaga : Ashikaga Yoshimitsu (1368-1394)

• Lesser Armenia
  • King : vacant (1375-1393)

• Korea ( Joseon Dynasty )
  • King : U (1374-1388)

• Mongolia
  • Khan : Biligtü Khan (1370-1378)
  • Khan: Usakhal Khan (1378-1387)

• Persia
  • Sultan ( Timurid dynasty): Timur Lenk (1370–1405)

• Sukhothai
  • King : Maha Thammaracha II (1370–1398)

• Trebizond
  • Emperor : Alexios III. (1349-1390)

Europe

• Andorra
  • Co-princes :
    • Count of Foix : Gaston III. (1343-1391)
    • Bishop of Urgell : Berenguer d'Erill i de Pallars (1371-1388)

• Burgundy
  • Duke : Philip II, the Bold (1363–1404)

• Byzantine Empire
  • Emperor : John V (1341-1391)

• Denmark
  • King : Olav III. (1376-1380)

• Teutonic Order State
  • Grand Master : Winrich von Kniprode (1351–1382)

• England
  • King : Richard II (1377-1399)

• France
  • King : Charles V (1364-1380)

• Holy Roman Empire
  • King : Charles IV (1346–1378), emperor from 1355
  • King: Wenzel (1376 / 78–1400) (1376–1378 co-regent)
  • Electorates
    • Archbishopric of Cologne
      • Archbishop : Friedrich III. von Saar Werden (1370–1414)
    • Archbishopric Mainz
      • Archbishop : Ludwig von Meißen (1374–1381) (1366–1374 Bishop of Bamberg)
    • Archbishopric Trier
      • Archbishop : Kuno II of Falkenstein (1362–1388)
    • Bohemia
      • King : Charles IV (1346-1378)
      • King: Wenceslaus IV (1378–1419)
    • Brandenburg
      • Margrave : Wenceslaus the Lazy (1373-1378)
      • Margrave: Sigismund (1378-1388)
    • Electoral Palatinate
      • Count Palatine : Ruprecht I (1353-1390)
    • Saxony
      • Elector : Wenceslaus I (1370-1388)
  • spiritual principalities
    • Hochstift Augsburg
      • Bishop : Burkhard von Ellerbach (1373–1404)
    • Bamberg Monastery
      • Bishop : Lamprecht von Brunn (1374–1398) (1363–1364 Bishop of Brixen, 1364–1371 Bishop of Speyer, 1371–1374 Bishop of Strasbourg)
    • Hochstift Basel
      • Bishop : Johann III. von Vienne (1365–1382) (1355–1361 Archbishop of Besançon, 1361–1365 Bishop of Metz) Avignon obedience
      • Administrator: Wolfhard von Ehrenfels (1378–1385) (from 1381 bishop) Roman obedience
    • Besançon Archbishopric
      • Archbishop : Guillaume III. de Vergy (1371-1391)
    • Brandenburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Dietrich III. (1366-1393)
    • Archbishopric Bremen
      • Archbishop : Albert II of Braunschweig-Lüneburg (1359-1395)
    • Brixen monastery
      • Bishop : Friedrich von Erdingen (1376–1396) (1368–1376 Bishop of Chur)
    • Cambrai Monastery
      • Bishop : Gerard III. de Dainville (1372-1378)
      • Bishop: Johann IV. Iserklas (1378-1389)
    • Hochstift Cammin
      • Bishop : Philipp von Rehberg (1372–1385)
    • Chiemsee Abbey
      • Bishop : Friedrich (1361-1387)
    • Chur Monastery
      • Bishop : John II Ministri (1376-1388)
    • Eichstätt Monastery
      • Bishop : Raban Truchseß von Wilburgstetten (1365–1383)
    • Hochstift Freising
      • Bishop : Leopold von Sturmberg (1377-1381)
    • Geneva Monastery
      • Bishop : Jean de Murol (1378-1385)
    • Halberstadt Monastery
      • Bishop : Albrecht III. von Rickmersdorf (1366–1390)
    • Hochstift Havelberg
      • Bishop : Dietrich II of Man (1370–1385)
    • Hildesheim Monastery
      • Bishop : Gerhard von Berg (1365–1398) (1363–1365 Bishop of Verden)
    • Constance monastery
      • Bishop : Heinrich III. by Brandis (1357–1383)
    • Lausanne bishopric
      • Bishop : Guy II. De Prangins (1375-1394)
    • Lübeck bishopric
      • Bishop : Nicholas I (1377–1379) (1379–1392 Bishop of Meissen)
    • Liège Monastery
      • Bishop : Johann V von Arkel (1364-1378) (1364 Bishop of Utrecht)
      • Bishop: Arnold von Hoorn (1378–1389) (1371–1378 Bishop of Utrecht)
    • Archbishopric Magdeburg
      • Archbishop : Peter Jelito (1371–1381) (1356–1368 Bishop of Chur)
    • Meissen Abbey
      • Bishop : Johann von Jenstein (1376-1379)
    • Merseburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Friedrich II. Von Hoym (1357–1382) (1382 Archbishop of Magdeburg)
    • Metz bishopric
      • Bishop : Dietrich V. Bayer von Boppard (1365–1384) (1359–1365 Bishop of Worms)
    • Hochstift Minden
      • Bishop : Wittekind II of Schalksberg (1369-1383)
    • Monastery of Münster
      • Bishop : Florence of Wevelinghoven (1364–1379) (1379–1393 Bishop of Utrecht)
    • Naumburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Withego II. Hildebrandi von Wolframsdorf (1372–1381) (1372 Bishop of Würzburg)
    • Osnabrück Monastery
      • Bishop : Dietrich von Horne (1376–1402)
    • Paderborn Monastery
      • Bishop : Heinrich III. from Spiegel zum Desenberg (1361-1380)
    • Passau bishopric
      • Bishop : Albert III. von Winkel (1363–1380)
    • Ratzeburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Heinrich II. Von Wittorf (1367-1388)
    • Regensburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Conrad VI. von Haimberg (1368–1381)
    • Archbishopric Salzburg
      • Archbishop : Pilgrim II of Puchheim (1365-1396)
    • Toul Monastery
      • Bishop : John IV of Neuchâtel (1373-1384)
    • Hochstift Trento
      • Bishop : Albrecht V of Ortenburg (1363-1390)
    • Utrecht Monastery
      • Bishop : Arnold II of Horn (1371–1378) (1378–1389 Bishop of Liège)
    • Verden Monastery
      • Bishop : Heinrich I of Langeln (1367-1381)
    • Verdun Monastery
      • Bishop : Guido III. by Roye (1375–1379)
    • Hochstift Worms
      • Bishop : Eckard von Dersch (1370–1405)
    • Würzburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Gerhard von Schwarzburg (1372–1400) (1362–1372 Bishop of Naumburg)
  • secular principalities
    • Stop
      • Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg
        • Prince : Otto III. (1374-1404)
      • Anhalt-Zerbst
        • Prince : Johann II. (1362-1382)
    • to bathe
      • North: Durlach and Pforzheim
        • Margrave : Bernhard I (1372–1431)
      • South: Baden-Baden, Ettlingen, Rastatt
        • Margrave : Rudolf VII (1372-1391)
    • Bavaria
      • Bavaria-Landshut and Upper Bavaria (1375-1392 common rule)
        • Duke : Stephan III. the Kneißl (1375–1392 / 1413)
        • Duke: Frederick the Wise (1375–1392 / 93)
        • Duke: Johann II. (1375-1392 / 97)
      • Bavaria-Straubing-Holland
        • Duke : Wilhelm I (1353-1358 / 1389)
        • Duke: Albrecht I (1353-1404)
    • Berg (1348–1395 personal union with Ravensberg)
      • Count : Wilhelm II. (1360-1408) (from 1380 duke)
    • Brabant and Limburg
      • Duchess : Johanna (1356-1406)
      • Duke: Wenceslaus (1356-1389) ( de iure uxoris )
    • Duchy of Brunswick-Lueneburg
      • Braunschweig-Göttingen
        • Duke : Otto I, the Quade (1367–1394)
      • Braunschweig-Grubenhagen
        • Duke: Albrecht I (1361-1383)
      • Braunschweig-Lüneburg (joint government)
        • Duke : Albrecht of Saxony Wittenberg (1370–1385)
        • Duke: Wenzel I of Saxony Wittenberg (1370-1388)
      • Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
        • Duke : Friedrich I (1373–1400)
    • Flanders
      • Count : Ludwig von Maele (1346–1384)
    • Geldern War of Succession (1371-1379)
      • Duke : Wilhelm I (1371 / 79–1402)
    • Hanau
      • Lord : Ulrich IV. (1369 / 70-1380)
    • Hainaut (personal union with Holland)
      • Count : Wilhelm III. (1346-1389)
    • Hesse
      • Landgrave : Hermann II. (1376-1413)
    • Holland (personal union with Hainaut)
      • Count : Wilhelm V. (1346 / 1354-1358 / 1389)
      • Count: Albrecht I (1358 / 1389–1404)
    • Jülich
      • Duke : Wilhelm II. (1361-1393)
    • Kleve
      • Count : Adolf I. (1368-1394)
    • Lorraine
      • Duke : Johann I (1346-1390)
    • Ortenburg
      • Count : Heinrich IV. (1346-1395)
    • Austria
      • Duke : Albrecht III. (1365–1395)
    • Ravensberg (1348–1395 personal union with Berg)
      • Count : Wilhelm I (1360-1395)
    • Styria , Carinthia , Carniola and Friuli
      • Duke : Leopold III. (1358-1386)
    • Württemberg
      • Count : Eberhard II, the Greiner (1344–1392)

• Italian states
  • Estonian
    • Margrave : Francesco II (1343–1384)
  • Ferrara, Modena and Reggio
    • Lord : Niccolò II. D'Este (1361-1388)
  • Genoa
    • Doge : Domenico di Campofregoso (1370-1378)
    • Doge: Antoniotto Adorno (1378)
    • Doge: Nicolò Guarco (1378-1383)
  • Papal States
    • Pope : Gregory XI. (1370-1378)
    • Pope: Urban VI. (1378-1389)
  • Milan
    • Lord : Bernabò Visconti (1354–1385)
    • Lord: Galeazzo II. Visconti (1354-1378)
    • Lord: Gian Galeazzo Visconti (1378–1402) (from 1395 Duke)
  • Mantua
    • Count : Luigi II Gonzaga (1369-1382)
  • Montferrat
    • Margrave : Otto III. (1372-1378)
    • Margrave: Johann III. (1378-1381)
  • Naples
    • Queen : Joan I (1343–1382)
  • Rimini
    • Lord : Galeotto Malatesta (1364–1385)
  • Saluzzo
    • Margrave : Friedrich II. (1357-1391)
  • San Marino
    • Capitano Reggente: Lunardino di Bernardo (1375-1378)
    • Capitano Reggente: Simone di Belluzzo (1375-1378)
    • Capitano Reggente: Lunardino di Bernardo (1378)
    • Capitano Reggente: Simone di Belluzzo (1378)
    • Capitano Reggente: Gozio di Mucciolino (1378-1380)
    • Capitano Reggente: Ondedeo di Tonso (1378-1380)
  • Savoy
    • Count : Amadeus VI. (1343-1383)
  • Sicily
    • Queen : Mary (1377-1401)
  • Venice
    • Doge : Andrea Contarini (1368-1382)
  • Verona
    • Podesta : Bartolomeo II. Della Scala (1375-1381)

• Order of St. John in Rhodes
  • Grand Master : Jean Fernandez de Heredia (1376-1396)

• Lesbos
  • Archon : Francesco I. Gattilusio (1355–1384)

• Lithuania
  • Grand Duke : Jogaila (1377-1381)

• Moldova
  • Prince : Petru I (1375-1391)

• Monaco
  • Seigneur (in exile): Rainier II. (1357–1407)

• Norway
  • King : Haakon VI. Magnusson (1343-1380)

• Ottoman Empire
  • Sultan : Murad I (1359-1389)

• Poland
  • King : Ludwig I. (1370-1382)

• Portugal
  • King : Ferdinand I (1367-1383)

• Russia
  • Grand Duke : Dmitri Donskoy (1359-1389)

• Scotland
  • King : Robert II (1371-1390)

• Sweden
  • King : Albrecht of Mecklenburg (1363-1389)

• Serbia
  • Prince : Lazar Hrebeljanović (1371-1389)

• Spain
  • Aragon
    • King : Peter IV (1336-1387)
  • Cerdanya
    • Countess : Isabella (1375-1403)
  • Granada
    • Nasrid rulers : Muhammad V (1354-1359), (1362-1391)
  • Castile
    • King : Heinrich II. (1369-1379)
  • Navarre
    • King : Charles II, the Evil (1349-1387)
  • Urgell
    • Count : Peter (1347–1408)

• Hungary
  • King : Ludwig I (1342-1382)

• Wallachia
  • Prince : Radu II. (1377-1383)

• Zeta (from 1362 joint rule)
  • Prince : Đurađ I. (1362-1378)
  • Prince: Balša II. (1362–1385)

• Cyprus
  • King : Peter II (1369-1382)