List of encyclopedias and lexicons in German

The list of encyclopedias and lexicons in German contains overview information on old and new encyclopedias and lexica from German-speaking countries.

General encyclopedias and dictionaries

• General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts
• General Lexicon of Arts and Sciences
• Bertelsmann Lexikothek
• Bertelsmann Universal Lexicon
• Brockhaus encyclopedia
• The Wikipedia lexicon in one volume
• The Lexicon of Time
• The little Brockhaus
• The new Brockhaus
• German Encyclopedia
• German-language Wikipedia
• The culture of the present
• Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts
• Herder's Conversations Lexicon
• Historical lexicon of Switzerland
• Historical lexicon of the Principality of Liechtenstein
• Knaurs Konversationslexikon
• LexiROM
• Meyer's Blitz-Lexikon
• Meyer's Small Conversation Lexicon
• Meyers Konversations-Lexikon
• Meyer's memo
• Microsoft Encarta
• Munzinger archive
• Newly increased historical and geographic general lexicon
• Economic Encyclopedia
• Real state and newspaper lexicon
• Universal lexicon of the present and the past

Bibliographical reference works

• → Main article : List of bibliographies

Biographical reference works

• → Main article : List of biographical reference works
• → Main article : List of national, regional and local biographies

Examples

• General German biography
• General scholarly lexicon
• General artist lexicon
• Old Prussian biography
• Baden biographies
• Bavarian Musicians' Lexicon Online
• Biographical-Bibliographical Church Lexicon
• Biographical lexicon of the Austrian Empire
• Biographical Lexicon of Socialism
• Biographical lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck
• Biographical lexicon of the Third Reich
• Biographical State Handbook
• Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon
• Biography of Bremen in the nineteenth century
• The German Guide Lexicon
• The personal lexicon for the Third Reich
• German pharmacist biography
• German Biographical Encyclopedia
• The book printers of the 16th and 17th centuries in the German-speaking area
• Egerländer Biographical Lexicon
• Five thousand heads. Who had which role in the third Reich
• History of the German labor movement. Biographical Lexicon
• Historian in Central Germany
• Great Bavarian Biographical Encyclopedia
• Large song dictionary
• Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon
• Historical-Biographical Lexicon of Switzerland ; now the Historical Lexicon of Switzerland
• Michael Sachs, Gabriele Rudolf, Andreas Kutschelis: Historical medical dictionary for Silesia. Biographical-bibliographical lexicon of Silesian doctors and surgeons (surgeons). Wunstorf / Frankfurt am Main / Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm 1997 ff.
• Hübner's Who is Who
• Poggendorff - Biographical-literary concise dictionary for the history of the exact sciences
• Contemporary composers
• Artists - Critical Lexicon of Contemporary Art
• Artist's lexicon of antiquity
• Kürschner's German Scholars Calendar
• Kürschner's Folk Handbook
• Lexicon of eminent chemists
• Lexicon of the Righteous Among the Nations
• Lexicon of Jews in Music
• Lexicon of German-Jewish authors
• Lexicon of Westphalian authors
• Linguist's Handbook
• Magdeburg Biographical Lexicon
• Man for man
• Meyer's handbook on literature. A lexicon of poets and writers of all literatures . Bibliographical Institute, Mannheim, Vienna, Zurich 1970.
• Metzler-Kunsthistoriker-Lexikon
• Metzler Lexicon of English-speaking authors
• New German biography
• Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950
• Lexicon of persons from 19th century teachers
• Dictionary of persons on Christian archeology
• Swiss biographical archive
• Soldier leadership
• Who is who? (since 1951); before who is it? (1905-1935)
• Who was who in the GDR?

Specialist dictionaries

• GEO subject lexicon

Egyptology

• Lexicon of the Egyptian gods and names of gods
• Lexicon of Egyptology

Antiquity / Antiquity

• Extensive lexicon of Greek and Roman mythology
• Little Pauly
• The new Pauly
• Old World Lexicon
• Lexicon of antiquity
• Real-Encyclopedia of Classical Antiquities ("Pauly-Wissowa", "The Great Pauly")
• Real Lexicon of Germanic Antiquity
• Real dictionary of classical antiquity for grammar schools

Ancient Near Eastern Studies

• Real Lexicon of Assyriology and Near Eastern Archeology

biochemistry

• Peter Reuter: Pocket Dictionary of Biochemistry, Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, Boston, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-7643-6197-2

biology

• Brehm's animal life
• Grzimek's animal life
• Historical dictionary of biology: history and theory of basic biological concepts
• Lexicon of Biology
• Rudolf Schubert , Günther Wagner: Botanical Dictionary , Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8252-1476-1
• Fritz Clemens Werner : Word elements of Latin-Greek technical terms in the biological sciences , Suhrkamp Taschenbuch 64, 7th edition, Frankfurt / Main 1997, ISBN 3-518-36564-9

Byzantine Studies

• Real Lexicon of Byzantine Studies
• Prosopographic lexicon of the time of palaeologists

chemistry

• Beilstein's Handbook of Organic Chemistry
• Gmelin's Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry
• Houben-Weyl , Methods of Organic Chemistry
• Römpp Lexicon Chemistry
• Römpp Lexicon Natural Products
• Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry
• Winnacker-Küchler: Chemical technology

Printing

• Birgit Althaus: The book dictionary - reference work for book makers and book lovers , area verlag gmbh, Erftstadt 2004, ISBN 3-89996-256-7

Movie and TV

• CineGraph - Lexicon for German-language film
• The television dictionary
• The film's great personal dictionary
• Lexicon of international film

Women

• Ladies Conversations Lexicon
• Women's Lexicon
• Lexicon of women
• CHF Hartmann (Ed.): Women's Encyclopedia. A manual and auxiliary book for home and family, for teaching and instructing the female life and work. Flemming, Glogau / Leipzig 1852–1855.

Soccer

• The big book of the German football clubs
• Encyclopedia of GDR football
• Football Lexicon

genealogy

• Nobility Lexicon

German Linguistics

• German dictionary
• Swiss Idioticon
• Duden
• Etymological dictionary of the German language
• Lexicon of old Germanic names
• Lexicon of the proverbial idioms
• Wanders German Proverbs Lexicon

Historical sciences

• The big Ploetz
• The place of terror
• German Colonial Lexicon
• Encyclopedia of Modern Times
• Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. The persecution and murder of the European Jews
• Encyclopedia of National Socialism
• Encyclopedia of German History
• Basic historical terms: Historical lexicon on the political-social language in Germany
• Historical lexicon of Switzerland
• Lexicon of German History
• Historical lexicon of the Principality of Liechtenstein
• Lexicon of the Middle Ages
• Lexicon on the persecution of homosexuals 1933–1945

Home dictionaries

• The house lexicon. Complete handbook of practical life skills for all classes

Radio plays

• Reclam's radio play guide

Judaic Studies

• Encyclopaedia Judaica
• Jewish Lexicon
• Philo-Lexicon. Handbook of Jewish Knowledge

Cook

• The new kitchen dictionary
• Herring Lexicon of the Kitchen
• Switzerland's culinary heritage

art

• General encyclopedia of fine artists from antiquity to the present ("Thieme-Becker")
• Fine arts in Vorarlberg 1945–2005
• Dressler's art manual
• Lexicon of Christian Iconography
• Lexicon of illustration in German-speaking countries since 1945
• Real Lexicon on German Art History
• SIKART lexicon on art in Switzerland

Country and region-specific lexicons

• General Helvetic, Federal, or Swiss Lexicon
• Augsburg city dictionary
• Austria Forum
• Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon
• The Great Bremen Lexicon
• The Wroclaw Lexicon
• The Austro-Hungarian monarchy in words and pictures
• Erlanger City Lexicon
• Eschwege Lexicon
• Frankfurt Biography (online edition of the Frankfurter Personenlexikon )
• Geographical lexicon of Switzerland
• Handbook of Historic Places
• Hanover. Art and culture lexicon
• Historical lexicon of Bavaria
• Historical lexicon of Switzerland
• Lexicon of Swiss municipality names
• Historical lexicon of the Principality of Liechtenstein
• Lexicon for Austria
• Memorabilia Tigurina
• Meyers Orts- und Verkehrslexikon
• Lower Saxony Lexicon
• Lower Saxony Lexicon
• Austria Lexicon
• City Lexicon Darmstadt
• City Lexicon Dresden
• City Lexicon Hanover
• City Lexicon Nuremberg
• Radebeul city dictionary
• swissworld
• Weimar. Lexicon on city history
• Wendland Lexicon

linguistics

• Dictionary of Romance Linguistics
• Linguist's Handbook

literature

• Drama Lexicon of the 18th Century
• German Literature Lexicon
• The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author Lexicon
• Killy literary dictionary
• Kindler's Literature Lexicon
• Small dictionary of world literature
• Critical lexicon for contemporary German literature
• Critical lexicon for contemporary foreign language literature
• Kürschner's German Literature Calendar
• Lexicon of world literature
• Lexicon of the early Greek epic
• Real Lexicon of German Literary Studies
• Reclam's Crime Encyclopedia

mathematics

• Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences

medicine

• Deximed
• Pschyrembel
• Michael Sachs, Gabriele Rudolf, Andreas Kutschelis: Historical medical dictionary for Silesia. Biographical-bibliographical lexicon of Silesian doctors and surgeons (surgeons). Wunstorf / Frankfurt am Main / Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm 1997 ff.

microbiology

• Dictionary of Microbiology , Herbert Weber (Ed.), Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 1997, ISBN 3-437-35040-4

music

• The music in the past and present
• Concise dictionary of musical terminology
• Austrian music lexicon
• Reclam's jazz guide
• Reclam's piano music guide
• Reclam's concert guide
• Reclam's song guide
• Riemann music dictionary

Musical theater

• Piper's Encyclopedia of Musical Theater
• Reclam's musical guide
• Reclam's operetta guide
• Reclam's opera guide

Eastern Europe

• Encyclopedia of the European East

pharmacy

• Hager's Encyclopedia of Medicines and Drugs

philosophy

• Outline of the history of philosophy
• Concise dictionary of German superstition
• Historical dictionary of philosophy
• Historical dictionary of rhetoric
• Historical-critical dictionary of Marxism

politics

• Small lexicon of politics
• Lexicon of anarchy

Postal services

• Handheld dictionary of postal services

psychology

• Dorsch - Lexicon of Psychology
• Dictionary of Psychotherapy

Jurisprudence

• Creifelds
• Encyclopedia of Law

Political Science

• Encyclopedia of Law and Political Science
• Rotteck-Welckersches Staatslexikon

Student associations

• Specimen Corporationum cognitarum

Sports

• Braunbeck's Sports Lexicon

technology

• Lexicon of all technology

theatre

• German Theater Lexicon
• Theater lexicon
• Theater Lexicon of Switzerland

Theology and religious studies

→ Main article : List of theological reference works

typography

• Typolexicon

Folklore

• Encyclopedia of Fairy Tales
• Concise dictionary of German superstition
• Historical-critical song dictionary

Commodity

• Merck's dictionary of goods

Economics

• Encyclopedia of Business Administration
• Concise dictionary of economics
• Gabler Economic Lexicon
• Economic Encyclopedia

zoology

• Brehm's animal life
• Grzimek's animal life

See also

• German national bibliography
• List of specialty encyclopedias
• List of universal encyclopedias

Web links

• Lexicon and Enzyklopädie.de