List of heads of state 1709
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Africa
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Ethiopia
- Emperor : Theophilus (1708–1711)
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Burundi
- King : Ntare III. Rushatsi (approx. 1680 – approx. 1709)
- King: Mwezi III. Ndagushimiye ( ca.1709 – ca.1739 )
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Morocco Alavid dynasty
- Sultan : Mulai Ismail (1672-1727)
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Tunisia ( Husainid dynasty)
- Sultan : Husein ben Ali (1705–1735)
America
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Viceroyalty of Peru
- Viceroy : Manuel de Oms y de Santa Pau (1707–1710)
Asia
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China ( Qing Dynasty )
- Emperor: Kang Hi (1661-1722)
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Japan
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Emperor :
- Higashiyama (1687-1709)
- Nakamikado (1709-1735)
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Shogun ( Tokugawa ):
- Tokugawa Tsunayoshi (1680–1709)
- Tokugawa Ienobu (1709-1712)
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Emperor :
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Thailand
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King :
- Suriyentharathibodi (1703-1709)
- Phuminthararatcha (1709-1733)
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King :
Europe
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Andorra
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Co-princes :
- King of France : Louis XIV (1643–1715)
- Bishop of Urgell : Julià Cano Thebar (1695–1714)
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Co-princes :
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Denmark and Norway
- King : Friedrich IV. (1699–1730)
- Great Britain and Ireland
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Holy Roman Empire
- King and Emperor : Joseph I (1705–1711) (1705–1711 King of Bohemia, 1705–1711 Archduke of Austria, 1705–1711 King of Hungary)
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Electoral College
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Archbishopric of Cologne
- Elector : Joseph Clemens of Bavaria (1688–1723) (1685–1694 Bishop of Freising, 1702–1723 Bishop of Hildesheim, 1694–1723 Bishop of Lüttich, 1685–1716 Bishop of Regensburg, 1688–1723 Provost of Berchtesgaden)
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Archbishopric Mainz
- Elector : Lothar Franz von Schönborn (1695–1729) (1693–1729 Bishop of Bamberg)
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Archbishopric Trier
- Elector : Johann Hugo von Orsbeck (1676–1711) (1675–1711 Bishop of Speyer)
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Duchy of Bavaria
- Elector : Maximilian II. Emanuel (1679–1726) (1692–1706 governor of the Spanish Netherlands)
- Kingdom of Bohemia
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Margraviate of Brandenburg
- Elector : Friedrich III. (1688–1713) (1688–1701 Duke of Prussia, 1701–1713 King in Prussia)
- Duchy of Brunswick-Lueneburg
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Palatine County near the Rhine
- Elector : Johann Wilhelm (1690–1716) (1679–1716 Duke of Jülich and Berg)
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Duchy of Saxony
- Elector : Friedrich August I (1694–1733) (1697–1704, 1709–1733 King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania)
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Archbishopric of Cologne
- spiritual imperial princes
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Hochstift Augsburg
- Bishop : Alexander Sigismund of the Palatinate (1690–1737)
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Bamberg Monastery
- Bishop : Lothar Franz von Schönborn (1693–1729) (1695–1729 Archbishop of Mainz)
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Hochstift Basel
- Bishop : Johann Konrad von Reinach-Hirtzbach (1705–1737)
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Prince Provost Berchtesgaden
- Provost : Joseph Clemens von Bayern (1688–1723) (1688–1723 Archbishop of Cologne, 1685–1694 Bishop of Freising, 1702–1723 Bishop of Hildesheim, 1694–1723 Bishop of Liège, 1685–1716 Bishop of Regensburg)
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Brixen monastery
- Bishop : Kaspar Ignaz von Künigl (1702–1747)
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Hochstift Chur (territory 1648 federal, bishop imperial class without immediate land)
- Bishop : Ulrich VII. Von Federspiel (1692–1728)
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Corvey Abbey
- Abbot : Florence of the Field (1696–1714)
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Balleien of the Teutonic Order
- Grand Master : Franz Ludwig von der Pfalz (1694–1732) (1729–1732 Archbishop of Mainz, 1716–1729 Archbishop of Trier, 1694–1732 Bishop of Worms, 1694–1732 Provost of Ellwangen)
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Eichstätt Monastery
- Bishop : Johann Anton I. Knebel von Katzenelnbogen (1705–1725)
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Prince Provost Ellwangen
- Provost : Franz Ludwig von der Pfalz (1694–1732) (1729–1732 Archbishop of Mainz, 1716–1729 Archbishop of Trier, 1694–1732 Bishop of Worms, 1694–1732 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order)
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Hochstift Freising
- Bishop : Johann Franz Eckher von Kapfing and Liechteneck (1695–1727)
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Fulda Abbey
- Abbot : Adalbert von Schleifras (1700–1714)
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Hildesheim Monastery
- Bishop : Joseph Clemens of Bavaria (1702–1723) (1688–1723 Archbishop of Cologne, 1685–1694 Bishop of Freising, 1694–1723 Bishop of Lüttich, 1685–1716 Bishop of Regensburg, 1688–1723 Provost of Berchtesgaden)
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Prince Abbey of Kempten
- Abbot : Rupert von Bodman (1678–1728)
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Constance monastery
- Bishop : Johann Franz Schenk von Stauffenberg (1704–1740) (1737–1740 Bishop of Augsburg)
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Hochstift Lübeck (1555–1803 Protestant administrators)
- Bishop : Christian August von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf (1705–1726)
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Liège Monastery
- Bishop : Joseph Clemens von Bayern (1694–1723) (1688–1723 Archbishop of Cologne, 1685–1694 Bishop of Freising, 1702–1723 Bishop of Hildesheim, 1685–1716 Bishop of Regensburg, 1688–1723 Provost of Berchtesgaden)
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Monastery of Münster
- Bishop : Franz Arnold von Wolff-Metternich zur Gracht (1707–1718) (1704–1718 Bishop of Paderborn)
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Hochstift Osnabrück (1662–1802 alternating between Catholic and Lutheran bishops)
- Bishop : Karl Joseph von Lothringen (1698–1715) (1711–1715 Archbishop of Trier)
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Paderborn Monastery
- Bishop : Franz Arnold von Wolff-Metternich zur Gracht (1704–1718) (1706–1718 Bishop of Münster)
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Passau bishopric
- Bishop : Johann Philipp von Lamberg (1689–1712)
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Regensburg Monastery
- Bishop : Joseph Clemens von Bayern (1685–1716) (1688–1723 Archbishop of Cologne, 1685–1694 Bishop of Freising, 1702–1723 Bishop of Hildesheim, 1694–1723 Bishop of Liège, 1688–1723 Provost of Berchtesgaden)
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Archbishopric Salzburg
- Archbishop : Johann Ernst von Thun and Hohenstein (1687–1709)
- Archbishop: Franz Anton von Harrach (1709–1727)
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Speyer Monastery
- Bishop : Johann Hugo von Orsbeck (1675–1711) (1676–1711 Archbishop of Trier)
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Stablo-Malmedy Abbey
- Abbot : Franz II. Joseph of Lorraine (1704–1715)
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Strasbourg Monastery
- Bishop : Armand I. Gaston Maximilien de Rohan-Soubise (1704–1749)
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Hochstift Trento
- Bishop : Johann Michael von Spaur and Valör (1696–1725)
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Hochstift Worms
- Bishop : Franz Ludwig von der Pfalz (1694–1732) (1729–1732 Archbishop of Mainz, 1716–1729 Archbishop of Trier, 1694–1732 Provost of Ellwangen, 1694–1732 Grand Master of the Teutonic Order)
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Würzburg Monastery
- Bishop : Johann Philipp von Greiffenclau zu Vollraths (1699–1719)
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Hochstift Augsburg
- secular imperial princes
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Principality of Anhalt
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Anhalt-Bernburg
- Prince : Viktor I. Amadeus (1656–1718)
- Principality of Anhalt-Dessau
- Anhalt-Harzgerode (falls to Anhalt-Bernburg)
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Principality of Anhalt-Köthen
- Prince : Leopold (1704–1728) (1704–1715 under guardianship)
- Regent: Gisela Agnes von Rath (1704–1715)
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Anhalt-Zerbst
- Prince : Karl Wilhelm (1667–1718) (1667–1674 under guardianship)
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Anhalt-Bernburg
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Arenberg
- Duke : Leopold Philipp (1691–1754)
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Margraviate of Baden
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Baden-Baden
- Margrave : Ludwig Georg Simpert (1707–1761) (1707–1727 under guardianship)
- Regent: Franziska Sibylla Augusta von Sachsen-Lauenburg (1707–1727)
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Baden-Durlach
- Margrave : Friedrich VII. Magnus (1677–1709)
- Margrave: Charles III. Wilhelm (1709–1738)
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Baden-Baden
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Brandenburg-Ansbach
- Margrave : Wilhelm Friedrich (1703–1723)
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Brandenburg-Bayreuth
- Margrave : Christian Ernst (1655–1712)
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Hessen-Darmstadt
- Landgrave Ernst Ludwig (1678–1739)
- Hessen-Kassel
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Hohenzollern-Hechingen
- Prince : Friedrich Wilhelm (1671–1735)
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Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
- Prince : Meinrad II. (1689–1715)
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Jülich and Berg
- Duke : Johann Wilhelm II. (1679–1716) (1690–1716 Elector Palatinate, 1690–1716 Duke of Palatinate-Neuburg)
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Leuchtenberg
- Landgrave : Leopold Mathias Sigismund (1708–1711)
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Liechtenstein
- Prince : Hans Adam I (1684–1712)
- Lorraine
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Duchy of Mecklenburg
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Mecklenburg-Schwerin
- Duke : Friedrich Wilhelm I (1692–1713) (until 1701 Duke of Mecklenburg)
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Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- Duke : Adolf Friedrich III. (1708–1752)
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Mecklenburg-Schwerin
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Nassau
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Ottonian line
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Nassau-Diez
- Prince : Johann Wilhelm Friso (1696–1711) (1696–1711 governor of Friesland and Groningen)
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Nassau-Dillenburg
- Prince : Wilhelm II. (1701–1724)
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Nassau-Hadamar
- Prince : Franz Alexander (1679–1711)
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Nassau-Siegen (Catholic line)
- Prince : Wilhelm Hyacinth (1699–1734)
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Nassau-Siegen (reformed line)
- Prince : Friedrich Wilhelm I. Adolf (1691–1722)
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Nassau-Diez
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Walramic line
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Nassau-Idstein
- Prince : Georg August (1677–1721) (count until 1688)
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Nassau-Usingen
- Prince : Wilhelm Heinrich (1702–1718)
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Nassau-Weilburg
- Prince : Johann Ernst (1675–1719) (count until 1688)
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Nassau-Idstein
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Ottonian line
- Austria
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Ostfriesland
- Prince : Georg Albrecht (1708–1734)
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Pfalz-Neuburg
- Duke : Johann Wilhelm (1690–1716) (1690–1716 Elector Palatinate, 1679–1716 Duke of Jülich and Berg)
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Pfalz-Sulzbach
- Duke : Theodor Eustach (1708–1732)
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Pfalz-Zweibrücken
- Duke : Charles II (1697–1718) (1697–1718 King of Sweden)
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Duchy of Saxony
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Saxony-Eisenach
- Duke : Johann Wilhelm (1698–1729)
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Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
- Duke : Friedrich II. (1691–1732)
- Saxony-Hildburghausen
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Saxony-Meiningen
- Duke : Ernst Ludwig I (1706–1724)
- Saxony-Römhild
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Saxony-Saalfeld
- Duke : Johann Ernst (1680–1729) (1675–1680 Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg)
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Saxony-Weimar (common rule)
- Duke : Wilhelm Ernst (1683–1728)
- Duke: Ernst August I (1707–1741) (1741–1748 Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach)
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Saxony-Eisenach
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Schwarzburg-Arnstadt
- Prince : Anton Günther II. (1681–1716) (Count until 1697, Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen from 1666–1681)
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Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
- Prince : Christian Wilhelm (1666–1720) (count until 1697)
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Württemberg
- Duke : Eberhard Ludwig (1677–1733) (1677–1693 under guardianship)
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Principality of Anhalt
- other imperial estates (selection)
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Hanau
-
Hanau-Lichtenberg
- Count : Johann Reinhard III. (1685–1736) (1712–1736 Count of Hanau-Münzenberg)
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Hanau-Munzenberg
- Count : Philipp Reinhard (1685–1712)
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Hanau-Lichtenberg
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lip
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Lippe-Biesterfeld
- Count : Rudolf Ferdinand (1678–1736)
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Lippe-Brake (falls to Lippe-Detmold)
- Count : Ludwig-Ferdinand (1707–1709)
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Lippe-Detmold
- Count : Friedrich Adolf (1697–1718)
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Lippe-Biesterfeld
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Nassau
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Walramic line
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Nassau-Ottweiler
- Count : Friedrich Ludwig (1690–1728) (1723–1728 Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken)
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Nassau-Saarbrücken
- Count : Ludwig Kraft (1677–1713)
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Nassau-Ottweiler
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Walramic line
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Ortenburg
- Count : Johann Georg (1702–1725) (1702–1706 under guardianship)
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Reuss
-
Reuss older line
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Reuss overburden
- Count : Heinrich I (1697–1714)
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Reuss undergrowth
- Count : Heinrich XIII. (1675–1733)
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Reuss overburden
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Reuss younger line
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Reuss-Ebersdorf
- Count : Heinrich X. (1678–1711) (1671–1673 Lord of Reuss-Lobenstein, 1673–1678 Count of Reuss-Lobenstein)
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Reuss-Gera
- Count : Heinrich XVIII. (1686-1735)
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Reuss-Hirschberg
- Count : Heinrich VIII. (1678–1711) (1671–1673 Lord of Reuss-Lobenstein, 1673–1678 Count of Reuss-Lobenstein)
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Reuss-Lobenstein
- Count : Heinrich III. (1671–1710) (until 1673 Lord)
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Reuss-Schleiz
- Count : Heinrich XI. (1692-1726)
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Reuss-Ebersdorf
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Reuss older line
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Schaumburg-Lippe
- Count : Friedrich Christian (1681–1728)
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Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
- Count : Albert Anton (1646–1710)
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Waldeck
- Count : Friedrich Anton Ulrich (1706–1728) (prince from 1712)
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Hanau
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Italian states
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Genoa
- Doge : Domenico Maria De Mari (1707–1709)
- Doge: Vincenzo Durazzo (1709-1711)
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Guastalla
- Duke : Vincenzo Gonzaga (1692-1714)
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Papal States
- Pope : Clement XI. (1700–1721)
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Milan (1706–1800 to Austria)
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Duke : Emperor Charles VI. (1706–1740) (1711–1740 Emperor, 1711–1740 King of Bohemia, 1713–1735 King of Naples, 1711–1740 Archduke of Austria, 1735–1740 Duke of Parma, 1713–1720 King of Sardinia, 1720–1735 King of Sicily, 1711–1740 King of Hungary)
- Governor : Eugene of Savoy (1706–1716) (1716–1724 governor of the Austrian Netherlands)
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Duke : Emperor Charles VI. (1706–1740) (1711–1740 Emperor, 1711–1740 King of Bohemia, 1713–1735 King of Naples, 1711–1740 Archduke of Austria, 1735–1740 Duke of Parma, 1713–1720 King of Sardinia, 1720–1735 King of Sicily, 1711–1740 King of Hungary)
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Massa and Carrara
- Duke : Carlo II. Cibo-Malaspina (1690–1710)
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Modena and Reggio
- Duke : Rinaldo d'Este (1694–1737)
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Naples (1503–1707 / 14 to Aragon or Spain )
-
King : Philip IV (1700–1713) (1700–1713 King of Sardinia, 1700–1713 King of Sicily, 1700–1724 and 1724–1746 King of Spain)
- Viceroy : Vincenzo Grimani (1708–1710)
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King : Philip IV (1700–1713) (1700–1713 King of Sardinia, 1700–1713 King of Sicily, 1700–1724 and 1724–1746 King of Spain)
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Parma and Piacenza
- Duke : Francesco Farnese (1694–1727)
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Piombino
- Princess : Ippolita Ludovisi (1701–1743)
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San Marino
- Capitani Reggenti : Marino Enea Bonelli (1708–1709, 1715–1716, 1720–1721, 1724–1725, 1728–1729, 1734, 1740 ) and Baldassarre Tini ( 1691, 1700, 1703–1704 , 1708–1709, 1719 )
- Capitani Reggenti: Gian Giacomo Angeli ( 1705 , 1709, 1712–1713, 1716, 1719–1720, 1725, 1729–1730, 1736, 1739–1740 ) and Francesco Giangi (1709, 1717–1718, 1721–1722, 1729 )
- Capitani Reggenti: Giovanni Antonio Belluzzi ( 1702–1703 , 1709–1710, 1713 ) and Giovanni Antonio Fattori ( 1699–1700, 1703 , 1709–1710, 1713 )
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Sardinia (1409–1713 to Aragon or Spain )
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King : Philip IV (1700–1713) (1700–1713 King of Naples, 1700–1713 King of Sicily, 1700–1724 and 1724–1746 King of Spain)
- Viceroy : Pedro Manuel Colón de Portugal (1706–1709) (1696–1701 Viceroy of Sicily)
- Viceroy: Fernando de Silva y Meneses (1709–1710)
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King : Philip IV (1700–1713) (1700–1713 King of Naples, 1700–1713 King of Sicily, 1700–1724 and 1724–1746 King of Spain)
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Savoy
- Duke : Viktor Amadeus II. (1675–1720, 1730–1732 ) (1713–1720 King of Sicily, 1720–1730 King of Sardinia)
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Sicily (1412–1713 to Aragon or Spain )
-
King : Philip IV (1700–1713) (1700–1706 Duke of Milan, 1700–1713 King of Naples, 1700–1713 King of Sardinia, 1700–1713 King of Sicily, 1700–1724 and 1724–1746 King of Spain)
- Viceroy : Carlos Felipe Spínola (1707–1713)
-
King : Philip IV (1700–1713) (1700–1706 Duke of Milan, 1700–1713 King of Naples, 1700–1713 King of Sardinia, 1700–1713 King of Sicily, 1700–1724 and 1724–1746 King of Spain)
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Tuscany
- Grand Duke : Cosimo III. de 'Medici (1670-1723)
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Venice
- Doge : Alvise Mocenigo II (1700–1709)
- Doge: Giovanni II. Cornaro (1709–1722)
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Genoa
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Khanate of Crimea
- Khan : Devlet II. Giray ( 1699-1702 , 1709-1713)
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Courland
- Duke : Friedrich Wilhelm Kettler (1698–1711)
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Malta
- Grand Master : Ramon Perellos y Roccaful (1697–1720)
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Moldova (under Ottoman rule)
- Prince : Mihai Racoviță ( 1703–1705 , 1707–1709, 1716–1726 ) (1730–1731, 1741–1744 Prince of Wallachia)
- Chancellor: Ioan Buhuș ( 1703 , 1709–1710)
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Monaco
- Prince : Antoine I. (1701–1731)
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Netherlands
-
Republic of the Seven United Provinces
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Drenthe
- Governor : vacant (1702–1722)
-
Friesland
- Governor : Johann Wilhelm Friso von Nassau-Diez (1696–1711) (governor of Groningen 1696–1711, 1696–1711 Prince of Nassau-Dietz)
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Groningen
- Governor : Johann Wilhelm Friso von Nassau-Diez (1696–1711) (governor of Friesland 1696–1711, 1696–1711 Prince of Nassau-Dietz)
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Holland and Zeeland
- Governor : vacant (1702–1747)
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Overijssel and Gelderland
- Governor : vacant (1702–1722)
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Utrecht
- Governor : vacant (1702–1747)
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Drenthe
- Spanish Netherlands (occupied by Great Britain and the United Netherlands from 1706–1714) (formally part of the Holy Roman Empire until 1714/95)
-
Republic of the Seven United Provinces
-
Ottoman Empire
- Sultan : Ahmed III. (1703-1730)
-
Poland
- King : Stanislaus I. Leszczyński (1704–1709) (1737–1766 Duke of Lorraine)
- King: August II. ( 1697–1704 , 1709–1733) (1694–1733 Elector of Saxony)
-
Prussia
- King : Friedrich I (1688–1713) (until 1701 Duke of Prussia) (1688–1713 Elector of Brandenburg)
-
Sweden
- King : Charles XII. (1697–1718) (1697–1718 Duke of Pfalz-Zweibrücken)
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Wallachia (under Ottoman rule)
- Prince : Constantin Brâncoveanu (1688–1714)