20 km walk

20 km walking is an Olympic track and field competitionfor men and women and is held on a street track. In contrast to runners, walkers must always have contact with the ground, at least without any interruption that is visible to the human eye. In addition, the walker must keep the front leg straight from touching the ground to reaching the vertical position. These regulations are monitored by the judges during the competition. If a violation is found, the referee requests the disqualification of the walker concerned. The number of disqualification requests made for the participants (by different judges) is noted on a board that is visible to all at the edge of the course. If three (or more) judges have made disqualification requests for an athlete, he will be disqualified, of which he will be informed by showing a red trowel. In addition, the referees have the opportunity as often as they like to indicate to an athlete an uncleanness in his walking style by showing a yellow trowel with a corresponding symbol (angle in the case of insufficient knee extension, tilde (wave) in the case of insufficient ground contact), which is, however, not yet big enough for one Disqualification request to point out.

The 20 km course is the shorter of two Olympic disciplines (besides walking 50 km ). The same route is also carried out as a train walk and then referred to as a 20,000 meter walk to distinguish it. There is also a team classification at the German Championships in 20 km walking. The times of the three best participants in a club or a starting community are added up.

The fastest men achieve times of 1:17 hours, which corresponds to 4.27 m / s or 15.37 km / h.

The fastest women achieve times of 1:26 hours, which corresponds to 3.83 m / s or 13.79 km / h.

Walking 20 km has been an Olympic decision for men since 1956 and for women since 2000 .

See also: walking

history

Sports walking has early roots in multi-day hikes in England in the 18th century.

At the English championships, Gehen was held for the first time in 1866 as a 7-mile track competition.

In Germany at the end of the 19th century, competitions were held over extremely long distances. When walking distance from Vienna to Berlin in 1893 over a distance of 578 kilometers (winner: Arno Elsässer , Magdeburg in 154: 35 h; quiet 10 pm to 4 am), no walking technique was prescribed, and running was also allowed. The Distance Marching Association Berlin-Vienna organized a 270 km walk from Berlin to Friedrichsruh on May 12, 1894 (winner: Fritz Maag , pure walking time: 58:53 h). On October 14, 1894, a 100 km walk took place as the Berlin championship (winner: Christian Clasen , 12:27:53 h).

Walking for men was part of the Olympic program at the 1906 Olympic Intermediate Games as 1,500 and 3,000-meter track walking, then also at the official Olympic Games in 1908 with distances of 3,500 meters and 10 miles. In 1928 walking was canceled because of the many violations of the rules in 1924 , and in 1932 it was re -included in the Olympic program as 50 km walking .

Until the mid-1920s, walking competitions were primarily held on the cinder track. With the transition to street walking at the Olympic Games in 1924 , rail walking lost its importance. In 1934, the International Athletics Federation IAAF decided to only recognize times achieved on the track as a record. In Germany, walking competitions took place almost exclusively on the street until 1945.

Walking 20 km was introduced as an Olympic discipline in 1956 . Women were allowed to start on the 10-kilometer route for the first time in 1992 , and have been going on the 20-kilometer route since 2000 .

The length of the walking disciplines at the Olympic Games has been changed several times:

Men:

• 1906 : walking by train, 1500 m and 3000 m
• 1908 : Going by train, 3500 m and 10 miles
• 1912 : walking by train, 10,000 m
• 1920 : walking by train, 3000 m and 10,000 m
• 1924 : Walking on the street, 10 km
• 1932 and 1936 : walking on the street, 50 km
• 1948 and 1952 : 10,000 m walking by train and 50 km walking on streets
• 1956 to 1972 : Street walking, 20 km and 50 km
• 1976 : Walking on the street, men only, 20 km
• since 1980 : street walking, 20 km and 50 km

Women:

• 1992 and 1996 : walking on the street, 10 km
• since 2000 : walking on the street, 20 km

Milestones

• Men, scored in track competitions:
  • First time under 1:40 hours: 1:39:25 h, Hermann Müller , 1909 
  • First time under 1:35 hours: 1: 34: 26.0 h, Janis Dalins , 1933 
  • First time under 1:30 hours: 1: 28: 45.2 h, Leonid Spirin , 1956 
  • First time under 1:25 hours: 1: 24: 45.0 h, Bernd Kannenberg , 1974 
  • First time under 1:20 hours: 1: 18: 40.0 h, Ernesto Canto , 1984 

• Men, scored in street competitions:
  • First time under 1:35 hours: 1:34:15 h, Václav Balšán , 1933 
  • First time under 1:30 hours: 1:28:39 h, Wladimir Guk , 1957 
  • First time under 1:25 hours: 1:24:50 h, Paul Nihill , 1972 
  • First time under 1:20 hours: 1:19:35 h, Domingo Colin , 1980 

• Women, scored in track competitions:
  • First time under 1:35 hours: 1:30:48 h, Rossella Giordano , 2000 
  • First time under 1:30 hours: 1:26:52 h, Olimpiada Iwanowa , 2001 

• Women, scored in street competitions:
  • First time under 2 hours: 1:59:01 h, Lina Aebersold , 1934 
  • First time under 1:50 hours: 1:47:09 h, Margareta Simu , 1973 
  • First time under 1:40 hours: 1:39:31 h, Susan Cook , 1981 
  • First time under 1:35 and 1:30 hours: 1:29:40 h, Kerry Saxby-Junna , 1988 
  • First time under 1:25 hours: 1:24:50 h, Olimpiada Iwanowa , 2001 

Most successful athlete

• 2 Olympic victories:
  •  Ugo Frigerio , 1920 and 1924 , each walking 10,000 meters
  •  John Mikaelsson , 1948 and 1952 , each walking 10,000 meters
  •  Volodymyr Holubnytschyj , 1960 and 1968 , also Olympic knight 1964
• 3 world championship titles:
  •  Jefferson Perez , 2003 , 2005 and 2007
• 2 world championship titles:
  •  Maurizio Damilano , 1987 and 1991

• Most successful Germans:
  •  Hartwig Gauder , Olympic champion 1980 , world championship title 1987
  •  Peter Frenkel , Olympic champion 1972 , Olympic knight 1976
  •  Hans-Georg Reimann , second in 1976 , third in 1972
  •  Dieter Lindner , second in the Olympic Games in 1964
  •  Ronald Weigel , second in the 1988 Olympics
  •  Roland Wieser , Olympic Knight 1980

statistics

Olympic Games medalist

Men

year	gold medal	Silver medal	Bronze medal
1956	Leonid Spirin	Antanas Mikėnas	Bruno Junk
1960	Volodymyr Holubnychy	Noel Freeman	Stan Vickers
1964	Ken Matthews	Dieter Lindner	Volodymyr Holubnychy
1968	Volodymyr Holubnychy	José Pedraza	Nikolai Smaga
1972	Peter Frenkel	Volodymyr Holubnychy	Hans-Georg Reimann
1976	Daniel Bautista	Hans-Georg Reimann	Peter Frenkel
1980	Maurizio Damilano	Pyotr Pochinchuk	Roland Wieser
1984	Ernesto Canto	Raúl González	Maurizio Damilano
1988	Jozef Pribilinec	Ronald Weigel	Maurizio Damilano
1992	Daniel Plaza	Guillaume LeBlanc	Giovanni De Benedictis
1996	Jefferson Perez	Ilya Markov	Bernardo Segura
2000	Robert Korzeniowski	Noé Hernández	Vladimir Andreyev
2004	Ivano Brugnetti	Francisco Javier Fernández	Nathan Deakes
2008	Valery Borchin	Jefferson Perez	Jared Tallent
2012	Chen thing	Erick Barrondo	Wang Zhen
2016	Wang Zhen	Cai Zelin	Dane Bird-Smith

Women

year	gold medal	Silver medal	Bronze medal
2000	Wang Liping	Kjersti places	Maria Vasco
2004	Athanasia Tsoumeleka	Olimpiada Ivanova	Jane Saville
2008	Olga Kaniskina	Kjersti places	Elisa Rigaudo
2012	Elena Laschmanova	Qoijing Gyi	Liu Hong
2016	Liu Hong	Lü Xiuzhi	Lyudmyla Oljanowska

World Championships medalist

Men

year	gold medal	Silver medal	Bronze medal
1983	Ernesto Canto	Jozef Pribilinec	Yevgeny Jewsjukov
1987	Maurizio Damilano	Jozef Pribilinec	Josep Marín
1991	Maurizio Damilano	Mikhail Shchennikov	Yevgeny Mizulia
1993	Valentí Massana	Giovanni De Benedictis	Daniel Plaza
1995	Michele Didoni	Valentí Massana	Yevgeny Mizulia
1997	Daniel García	Mikhail Shchennikov	Mikhail Khmelnitsky
1999	Ilya Markov	Jefferson Perez	Daniel García
2001	Roman Raskasow	Ilya Markov	Viktor Burayev
2003	Jefferson Perez	Francisco Javier Fernández	Roman Raskasow
2005	Jefferson Perez	Francisco Javier Fernández	Juan Manuel Molina
2007	Jefferson Perez	Francisco Javier Fernández	Hatem Ghoula
2009	Valery Borchin	Wang Hao	Eder Sánchez
2011	Valery Borchin	Vladimir Kanajkin	Luis Fernando López
2013	Alexander Ivanov	Chen thing	Miguel Ángel López
2015	Miguel Ángel López	Wang Zhen	Benjamin Thorne
2017	Eider Arévalo	Sergei Shirobokov	Caio Bonfim
2019	Toshikazu Yamanishi	Vasily Misinov	Perseus Karlström

Women

year	gold medal	Silver medal	Bronze medal
1999	Liu Hongyu	Wang Yan	Kerry Saxby-Junna
2001	Olimpiada Ivanova	Valyanzina Zybulskaya	Elisabetta Perrone
2003	Elena Nikolaeva	Gillian O'Sullivan	Valyanzina Zybulskaya
2005	Olimpiada Ivanova	Ryta Turawa	Susana Feitor
2007	Olga Kaniskina	Tatiana Shemjakina	Maria Vasco
2009	Olga Kaniskina	Olive Loughnane	Liu Hong
2011	Olga Kaniskina	Liu Hong	Anissja Kirdjapkina
2013	Elena Laschmanova	Anissja Kirdjapkina	Liu Hong
2015	Liu Hong	Lü Xiuzhi	Lyudmyla Oljanowska
2017	Yang Jiayu	María Guadalupe González	Antonella Palmisano
2019	Liu Hong	Qoijing Gyi	Yang Liujing

See also

• Olympic medalist
• Medalist at world championships
• Olympic medalists
• Medal winners at world championships

World record development

Men

Time (h)	Surname	date	place
1:38:43	Hermann Muller	October 4, 1911	Berlin
1:37:57	Émile Anthoine	July 13, 1913	Paris
1:34:15	Václav Balšán	August 13, 1933	Cesky Brod
1:33:25	Fritz lead white	June 7, 1936	Fürstenwalde
1:32:12	John Mikaelsson	May 30, 1937	Malmo
1:31:44	John Mikaelsson	June 10, 1946	Stockholm
1:31:21	Josef Doležal	5th June 1955	Prague
1:30:36	Volodymyr Holubnychy	September 23, 1955	Kiev
1:30:00	Josef Doležal	July 25, 1956	Prague
1:28:39	Vladimir Guk	April 13, 1957	Kiev
1:27:29	Leonid Spirin	July 7, 1959	Moscow
1:27:04	Volodymyr Holubnychy	5th July 1959	Moscow
1:25:58	Anatoly Wedjakov	September 6, 1959	Moscow
1:25:22	Gennady Agapov	July 21, 1968	Leningrad
1:25:19	Gennady Agapov	May 7, 1972	Berlin
1:24:50	Paul Nihill	July 30, 1972	Douglas
1:23:40	Daniel Bautista	May 30, 1976	Bydgoszcz
1:23:30	Anatoly Solomin	July 19, 1978	Vilnius
1:23:12	Roland Wieser	August 30, 1978	Prague
1:22:19	Vadim Zwetkow	May 13, 1979	Klaipeda
1:22:16	Daniel Bautista	May 19, 1979	Valencia
1:21:04	Daniel Bautista	June 9, 1976	Vretstorp
1:21:01	Reima saloons	September 9, 1979	Raisio
1:21:00	Daniel Bautista	March 30, 1980	Xalapa
1:19:35	Domingo Colin	April 27, 1980	Cherkassy
1:19:30	Jozef Pribilinec	September 24, 1983	Mountains
1:19:24	Carlos Mercenario	May 3, 1987	New York City
1:19:12	Axel Noack	June 21, 1987	Karl Marx City
1:19:08	Mikhail Shchennikov	July 30, 1988	Kiev
1:18:20	Andrei Perlow	May 26, 1990	Moscow
1:18:13	Pavol Blažek	September 16, 1990	Hildesheim
1:18:04	Bu Lingtang	April 7, 1994	Beijing
1:17:46	Julio Martínez	May 8, 1999	Eisenhüttenstadt
1:17:22	Francisco Javier Fernández	April 28, 2002	Turku
1:17:21	Jefferson Perez	August 23, 2003	Paris
1:17:16	Vladimir Kanaikin	September 29, 2007	Saransk
1:16:36	Yūsuke Suzuki	March 15, 2015	Nomi

Women

Time (h)	Surname	date	place
2:24:00	Antonie Briksová	September 6, 1931	Prague
2:14:07	Antonie Odvárková	September 14, 1931	Prague
1:59:02	Lina Aebersold	June 9, 1934	Zurich
1:57:35	Marie van Tonder	July 28, 1962	Cape Town
1:57:26	Irma Hansson	October 27, 1963	Copenhagen
1:54:30	Irma Hansson	October 22, 1967	Copenhagen
1:53:46	Karin Möller	October 27, 1968	Copenhagen
1:51:05	Irma Hansson	October 12, 1969	Copenhagen
1:47:10	Margareta Simu	22nd September 1973	Copenhagen
1:43:38	Lilian Harpur	July 16, 1977	Adelaide
1:43:20	Thorill Gylder	April 23, 1978	Mixhuca
1:41:42	Susan Cook	3rd February 1980	Melbourne
1:39:31	Susan Cook	December 20, 1981	Melbourne
1:36:36	Susan Cook	December 19, 1982	Melbourne
1:36:23	Susan Cook	7th July 1984	Canberra
1:36:19	Sally Pierson	17th July 1984	Melbourne
1:29:40	Kerry Saxby	May 13, 1988	Name
1:27:30	Nadezhda Ryashkina	February 7, 1999	Eagle
1:27:30	Liu Hongyu	May 1, 1995	Beijing
1:25:18	Tatyana Gudkova	May 19, 2000	Moscow
1:24:50	Olimpiada Ivanova	March 4, 2001	Eagle
1:24:47	Elmira Alembekowa	February 27, 2015	Sochi
1:24:38	Liu Hong	June 6, 2015	A Coruña

World best list

Men

All walkers with a performance of 1:18:33 hours or faster.

Last change: March 4th, 2017

1. 1:16:36 h Yūsuke Suzuki , Nomi , March 15, 2015 
2. 1:16:43 h Sergei Morozov , Saransk , June 8, 2008 
3. 1:17:02 h Yohann Diniz , Arles , March 8, 2015 
4. 1:17:16 h Vladimir Kanaikin , Saransk , September 29, 2007 
5. 1:17:21 h Jefferson Pérez , Paris , August 23, 2003 
6. 1:17:22 h Francisco Javier Fernández , Turku , April 28, 2002 
7. 1:17:23 h Wladimir Stankin , Adler , February 8, 2004 
8. 1:17:33 h Nathan Deakes , Cixi , April 23, 2005 
9. 1:17:36 h Wang Zhen , Taicang , March 30, 2012 
10. 1:17:38 h Valery Bortschin , Adler , February 28, 2009 
11. 1:17:40 h Chen Ding , Taicang , March 30, 2012 
12. 1:17:41 h Zhu Hongjun , Cixi , April 23, 2005 
13. 1:17:46 h Julio René Martínez , Eisenhüttenstadt , May 8, 1999 
14. 1:17:46 h Roman Rasskasow , Moscow , May 19, 2000 
15. 1:17:47 h Andrei Rusavin , Sochi , February 18, 2012 
16. 1:17:53 h Cui Zhide , Cixi , April 23, 2005 
17. 1:17:54 h Wang Kaihua , Huangshan , March 4, 2017 
18. 1:17:56 h Alejandro López , Eisenhüttenstadt , May 8, 1999 
19. 1:18:03 h Eiki Takahashi , Kobe , February 15, 2015 
20. 1:18:04 h Bo Lingtang , Beijing , April 7, 1994 
21. 1:18:05 h Dmitri Jesipchuk , Adler , March 4, 2001 
22. 1:18:06 h Viktor Burajew , Adler , March 4, 2001 
23. 1:18:06 h Vladimir Parwatkin , Adler , March 12, 2005 
24. 1:18:07 h Li Gaobo , Cixi , April 23, 2005 
25. 1:18:12 h Artur Meljaschkewitsch , Brest , March 10, 2001 
26. 1:18:13 h Pavol Blažek , Hildesheim , September 16, 1990 
27. 1:18:13 h Hao Wang , Jinan , October 22, 2009 
28. 1:18:14 h Mikhail Khmelnitsky , Salihorsk , May 13, 2000 
29. 1:18:14 h Noé Hernández , Saint-Denis , 23 August 2003 
30. 1:18:16 h Vladimir Andreyev , Moscow , May 19, 2000 
31. 1:18:17 h Ilja Markow , Sochi , March 12, 2005 
32. 1:18:18 h Jauhen Misjulja , Eisenhüttenstadt , May 11, 1996 
33. 1:18:18 h Sergei Bakulin , Adler , February 23, 2008 
34. 1:18:20 h Andrei Perlow , Moscow May 26, 1990 
35. 1:18:20 h Denis Nischegorodow , Adler , March 4, 2001 
36. 1:18:22 h Robert Korzeniowski , Hildesheim , July 9, 2000 
37. 1:18:23 h Andrei Makarov , Salihorsk , May 13, 2000 
38. 1:18:23 h Isamu Fujisawa , Kobe , February 19, 2017 
39. 1:18:24 h Alex Schwazer , Lugano , March 14, 2010 
40. 1:18:25 h Andrei Krivov , Sochi , February 18, 2012 
41. 1:18:25 h Erick Barrondo , Lugano , March 18, 2012 
42. 1:18:25 h Sergei Shirobokov , Sochi , February 18, 2017 
43. 1:18:27 h Daniel García , Poděbrady , April 19, 1997 
44. 1:18:27 h Xing Shucai , Cixi , April 23, 2005 
45. 1:18:28 h Petr Trofimov , Sochi , February 23, 2013 
46. 1:18:29 h Stanislav Jemelyanov , Sochi , February 18, 2012 
47. 1:18:30 h Yu Chaohong , Cixi , April 23, 2005 
48. 1:18:31 h Han Yucheng , Cixi , April 23, 2005 
49. 1:18:32 h Li Zewen , Poděbrady , April 19, 1997 
50. 1:18:33 h Liu Yunfeng , Cixi , April 23, 2005 

• Austrian record: 1:25:46 h Martin Toporek , Frederikstad , June 9, 1984
• Swiss record: 1:25:55 h Pascal Charrière , Monthey , May 22, 1999

Women

All walkers with a performance of 1:27:18 hours or faster.

As of August 11, 2018

1. 1:24:38 h Liu Hong , La Coruña , June 6, 2015 
2. 1:24:47 h Elmira Alembekowa , Sochi , February 27, 2015 
3. 1:24:50 h Olimpiada Iwanowa , Adler , March 4th 2001 
4. 1:24:56 h Olga Kaniskina , Adler , February 28, 2009 
5. 1:25:02 h Jelena Laschmanowa , London , August 11, 2012 
6. 1:25:03 h Marina Pandakova , Sochi , February 27, 2015 
7. 1:25:04 h Svetlana Wassiljewa , Sochi , February 27, 2015 
8. 1:25:08 h Vera Sokolova , Sochi , February 26, 2011 
9. 1:25:09 h Anisja Kirdjapkina , Sochi , February 26, 2011 
10. 1:25:12 h Lü Xiuzhi , Beijing , March 20, 2015 
11. 1:25:16 h Qoijing Gyi , London , August 11, 2012 
12. 1:25:18 h Tatiana Gudkowa , Moscow , May 19, 2000 
13. 1:25:20 h Olga Polyakova , Moscow , May 19, 2000 
14. 1:25:22 h Ekaterina Medvedeva , Sochi , February 18, 2017 
15. 1:25:29 h Irina Stankina , Moscow , May 19, 2000 
16. 1:25:32 h Jelena Schumkina , Adler , February 28, 2009 
17. 1:25:46 h Tatjana Schemjakina , Adler , February 23, 2008 
18. 1:25:52 h Larissa Jemeljanowa , Adler , February 28, 2009 
19. 1:25:52 h Tatiana Sibilewa , Sochi , February 20, 2010 
20. 1:25:59 h Tamara Kowalenko , Moscow , May 19, 2000 
21. 1:26:11 h Ryta Turawa , Nyasvish , April 15, 2006 
22. 1:26:14 h Irina Petrowa , Adler , February 19, 2006 
23. 1:26:16 h Lyudmila Archipowa , Adler , February 23, 2008 
24. 1:26:17 h Eleonora Giorgi , Murcia , May 17th, 2015 
25. 1:26:17 h María Guadalupe González , Rome , May 7th 2016 
26. 1:26:18 h Yang Jiayu , London , August 13, 2017 
27. 1:26:22 h Wang Yan , Guangzhou , November 19, 2001 
28. 1:26:22 h Jelena Nikolajewa , Cheboksary , May 18, 2003 
29. 1:26:23 h Wang Liping , Guangzhou , November 19, 2001 
30. 1:26:27 h Sofia Brodatskaya , Sochi , February 18, 2017 
31. 1:26:28 h Irina Pudowkina , Adler , March 12, 2005 
32. 1:26:29 h Wang Na , Huangshan , March 4, 2017 
33. 1:26:34 h Tatiana Kalmykowa , Saransk , June 8, 2008 
34. 1:26:35 h Liu Hongyu , Guangzhou , November 19, 2001 
35. 1:26:36 h Antonella Palmisano , London , August 13, 2017 
36. 1:26:36 h Mária Pérez , Berlin , August 11, 2018 
37. 1:26:46 h Song Hongjuan , Guangzhou , March 20, 2004 
38. 1:26:46 h Mariya Ponomareva , Cheboksary , June 25, 2016 
39. 1:26:47 h Irina Jumanowa , Adler , February 18, 2012 
40. 1:26:47 h Klavdija Afanassjewa , Cheboksary , June 25, 2016 
41. 1:26:50 h Natalja Fedoskina , Dudince , May 19, 2001 
42. 1:26:53 h Anežka Drahotová , Murcia , May 17, 2015 
43. 1:26:57 h Lyudmila Jefimkina , Adler , February 19, 2006 
44. 1:26:59 h Eric de Sena , London , 13 August 2017 
45. 1:27:07 h Kjersti Plätzer , Beijing , August 21, 2008 
46. 1:27:09 h Elisabetta Perrone , Dudince , May 19, 2001 
47. 1:27:09 h Ljudmyla Oljanowska , Murcia , May 17th, 2015 
48. 1:27:12 h Elisa Rigaudo , Beijing , August 21, 2008 
49. 1:27:14 h Antonina Petrowa , Adler , March 1, 2003 
50. 1:27:18 h Alena Senkowa-Nartowa , Adler , February 23, 2008 

• German record: 1:27:56 h Sabine Zimmer , Hildesheim , June 5, 2004
• Austrian record: 1:49:18 h Viera Toporek , Vienna , October 5, 2003
• Swiss record: 1:32:36 h Marie Polli , Lugano , March 8, 2009

See also

• List of German champions in 20 km walking
• List of Olympic team abbreviations

Web links

• 20 Kilometers Race Walk All Time - Eternal world best list of the IAAF, 20 km walk men
• 20 Kilometers Race Walk All Time - Eternal world best list of the IAAF, 20 km walk women
• Athletics annual world best list up to 20th place ( Memento from July 18, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) (English)

Footnotes

1. ↑ Time has not been ratified as a world record