Military counterintelligence

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Military Counterintelligence Service
- MAD -

Internal association badge
State level Federation
position Intelligence service of the federal
higher federal authority
Business area BMVg
founding January 30, 1956
Headquarters Cologne
Konrad-Adenauer-Kaserne
president Christof Gramm
Vice President Military Vice President
Brigadier General Frank Utzerath

Civil Vice President
Burkhard Even

Servants 1,255 employees (as of 2019)
Budget volume 113,251,923 € (as of 2019)
Web presence mad.bundeswehr.de

The Military Counter-Intelligence Service ( MAD ) is a German military intelligence service in the division of the Federal Ministry of Defense (BMVg). It consists of the Federal Office for Military Counter- Intelligence Service ( BAMAD ; until 1984 Office for Security of the Bundeswehr - ASBw ; 1984-2017 Office for Military Counter- Intelligence Service - MAD Office ) and its subordinate area.

Alongside the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution (BfV) and the Federal Intelligence Service (BND), the Military Counter-Intelligence Service is the third federal intelligence service . The tasks and powers of the MAD are regulated in the Act on Military Counter- Intelligence ( MADG ) in conjunction with the Federal Constitutional Protection Act ( BVerfSchG ) and in the Security Review Act ( SÜG ).

tasks

The MAD as defensive forming military intelligence takes for the division of the Federal Ministry of Defense, the tasks of a domestic intelligence authority true.

The core tasks of the MAD are the collection and evaluation of information at home and, exceptionally, abroad for the purpose of countering espionage and sabotage and countering extremism and terrorism. On the basis of the Security Checks Act, the MAD is also involved in security checks (personal security and sabotage protection ). As of July 1, 2017, all of the 20,000 new recruits each year for which weapons training is planned must undergo a simple security check. In addition, the MAD provides advice and support for service managers and security officers (material security ). It makes a contribution to assessing the security situation of Bundeswehr agencies and facilities. Against the background of the Bundeswehr's expanded range of tasks, the MAD is also involved in Bundeswehr missions abroad . Here he makes a partial contribution to ensuring the operational readiness of the troop contingents by shielding them from all activities that endanger the security of the troops. In addition, the MAD should protect the Bundeswehr from decomposition .

When Germany participated in the war in Afghanistan , the Federal Intelligence Service supported the military reconnaissance, which was primarily carried out by the Bundeswehr's own reconnaissance forces. The work of the MAD, on the other hand, concentrates on the internal security of the field camps, in particular on the security checks of Afghan workers and service providers in the field camps as well as on the collection and evaluation of information in relation to terrorist and intelligence risks to the soldiers deployed.

The MAD is with his department E at the Joint Counter-Terrorism Center (GTAZ), the Joint Internet Center (GIZ), the Common extremism and Counter-Terrorism Center (GETZ) to the Coordinated Internet evaluation (KIA) of the BFV and the joint working group (AG) reservists at BfV as well as involved in the National Cyber ​​Defense Center (CYBER-AZ) with Department T.

To inform the public about the performance of its mandate, the MAD publishes an annual report ( MAD report ) starting with the 2019 operating year .

Powers

The military counterintelligence service may process the information, including personal data, required to fulfill its tasks ( Section 4 (1) sentence 1 MADG). He may use methods, objects and instruments for secret information gathering, such as the use of confidants and informants, observations, video and audio recordings, camouflage papers and camouflage signs ( intelligence services ; § 4 para. 1 sentence 1 MADG in conjunction with. Section 8 (2) BVerfSchG). From several suitable measures, the MAD must choose the one that is likely to have the least impact on the person concerned. A measure must not cause any disadvantage that is clearly disproportionate to the intended success ( Section 4 (1) sentence 1 MADG in conjunction with Section 8 (5) BVerfSchG). The Military Counter-Intelligence Service does not have any police powers or authority to issue instructions; he is also not allowed to use administrative assistance to ask the police for measures that he is not authorized to take ( Section 4 (2) MADG). The MAD is authorized to issue “special requests for information” ( Section 4a MADG in conjunction with Section 8a  and Section 8b BVerfSchG) and “further requests for information” ( Section 4b MADG in conjunction with Section 8d (5) BVerfSchG) put. Furthermore, he may use technical means to determine the location of an active mobile radio terminal or to determine the device or card number ( Section 5 MADG in conjunction with Section 9 (4) BVerfSchG) and private individuals whose planned, permanent cooperation with the MAD third is not known ( stewards ), use ( § 5 MADG i. V. m. § 9b BVerfSchG).

At sight

In the BMVg, Section R II 5 (Legal Department, Sub-Department R II - Administration of Justice, Security) exercises legal and technical supervision over the Federal Office for Military Counterintelligence.

story

Torch as a symbol of the MAD, used for the first time on the MAD annual report 1967 (without a coat of arms): "The flame should light the darkness of the conspiratorial world".

prehistory

In the Blank Office , the forerunner of the BMVg, two departments were concerned with internal security. At the beginning of May 1955, Unit III C (VM) was formed within Subdivision III C for military personnel for security checks, with “VM” standing for preventive measures. At the end of July 1956, the department was dissolved and on August 1, 1956, a new "Preventive Measures Testing Center" (VM) was set up in Bonn - Duisdorf , for which staff from the Friedrich Wilhelm Heinz Service was taken over. The VM troops who had been active in the military areas since March 1956 were subordinated to her . The VM offices were incorporated into the MAD in 1958 as Department IV of the Central Office. The main section II 1/4 "Documentation and military security", headed by Achim Oster , was responsible for military security without security checks with six sections. The department heads included the future inspector general of the Bundeswehr, Jürgen Brandt , and Wolfgang Langkau .

Part of the BMVg and Central Security Office

With effect from January 30, 1956, the subdivision “Internal Security of the Armed Forces” (Subdivision IV J - Security) with eight units was formed in the BMVg. This is considered to be the founding date of the MAD. The head of the sub-department was Gerhard Wessel , who became the second president of the BND in 1968. Department head IV was Hans Speidel . In the financial year 1956/57 a total of 706  posts were available. In April 1956, 126 (planned) positions were planned for subdivision IV J in the BMVg, of which 63 were for soldiers and 63 for civil servants and employees. With the reclassification order No. 1 of May 23, 1957, the subdivision was spun off from the BMVg and the establishment of a "Central Security Office" was ordered. Some tasks remained in the BMVg. With the decree of the Federal Ministry of Defense of July 20, 1957, the provisional instructions for the head of the central office, tasks, powers and subordination were defined. The central office was directly subordinate to the Federal Minister, while the supervision was led by the Bundeswehr Command Staff , Subdivision IV C (Abroad). MAD groups I – VI, school MAD-G2 and MAD teams A and B were subordinate to the head. The central office was subdivided into the management group, the main office, the management department and five departments; from the second quarter of 1958 six. The first head and boss of the MAD was Colonel Gerhard Wessel, his deputy until the end of March 1958 the later chief lieutenant colonel i. G. Achim Eck . Colonel i. Followed as permanent representative until the end of March 1964. G. Horst Krusche . In the late summer of 1957, the central office moved into offices on Bonn's Hardthöhe (house 111).

1957–1984: Office for Security of the Federal Armed Forces (ASBw)

With effect from October 1, 1957, the central office was renamed "Office for Security of the Bundeswehr" (ASBw). At the same time, Gerhard Wessel was handed over to Colonel Josef Selmayr , the first head of the ASBw office. At the end of 1964, the company moved to the new property in Cologne , now known as the Konrad-Adenauer-Kaserne . The move was also due to the overcrowding on the Hardthöhe and was related to a cabinet decision to relocate as many subordinate military departments of the BMVg as possible to the Cologne area. The ASBw was able to take into account structural requirements for the barracks planned for the troop office .

In 1967, an average of 1200 security incidents were reported each month, resulting in 925 investigations. A year later, the MAD had 1,500 employees, 64 percent of whom were soldiers, and 36 branch offices. Between 1971 and 1974/75 the MAD division for the dismantling and rendering harmless of subversive ordnance carried out 145 mobile missions, many of them as administrative assistance in view of the threat from the Red Army Faction . During the same period, 20,000 suspicious mail items were checked and 2,000 of them were opened securely. The MAD also carried out passive eavesdropping, for example in the offices and living quarters of ministers, state secretaries and high-ranking generals as well as in conference rooms by looking for illegal fixtures. In 1973, MAD group S and two other MAD groups had jammers called "Marie" at their disposal as active anti-eavesdropping systems.

1984-2017: Office for the Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD Office)

In September 1984 the service was largely restructured as a result of the “ Höcherl report”. The MAD was directly subordinated to the State Secretary of the BMVg, who was also responsible for matters of military security and who exercised the technical and legal supervision of the service. At the same time, initially two and later three security officers were set up in the Bundeswehr , who have to decide on the recommendations of the MAD in the context of security reviews. With the restructuring of the service in 1984, the name of the office was changed at the same time: the ASBw became the "Office for Military Counterintelligence" (MAD Office). Some of the posts were filled with civilian employees. In 1984 the MAD employed around 2,000 people. In 1982, 357,000 file and card information were obtained by the MAD and security concerns were reported to military and civilian members of the Bundeswehr in 3148 cases. The Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, the Federal Intelligence Service and the services of friendly states were also among the MAD's most important sources of information.

The MAD Act came into force on December 30, 1990. This was the first time that the MAD's tasks and powers were placed on a legal basis. After the NVA was incorporated into the Bundeswehr on October 3, 1990, the MAD Office was initially subject to seven MAD groups and 28 MAD posts. As part of the reduction of the armed forces in 1994, the structure was further streamlined so that a target structure of 14 MAD positions was taken. The MAD groups were abolished and their responsibilities shifted to the MAD office, which comprised six departments. With the amendment to the MAD Act on March 12, 2004, the MAD is also responsible for shielding German foreign quotas. As of January 1, 2008, the number of departments in the MAD office was reduced to five. In April 2012, an independent department “Deployment Shielding” was set up and the core statutory tasks for the domestic market were concentrated in a joint “Department of Extremism / Terrorism / Espionage and Sabotage Defense”. After the number of MAD positions was reduced to seven, the "detached investigation sub-unit" Wilhelmshaven (previously MAD position 22) was upgraded to a full MAD position with the number 8 on April 3, 2017.

Since August 1, 2017: Federal Office for Military Counterintelligence

A modernization process of the military counterintelligence began in 2017. It was removed from the military organization on August 1, 2017 and made the civil higher federal authority, which is directly subordinate to the BMVg. As a result of an audit that had been carried out since the beginning of 2017, the Federal Office for the Military Counter-Intelligence Service was also subordinated directly to the BMVg as a higher civil federal authority. It thus occupies a position in the structure of the authorities comparable to that of the Federal Intelligence Service and the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution. This change of subordination was intended to emphasize the special legal mandate of the military counter-intelligence service vis-à-vis all organizational areas of the Bundeswehr and to make cooperation with other authorities more directly possible. The President of the Military Counterintelligence Service was strengthened in his responsibility and authority.

Modernization also includes significantly increasing the number of civilian personnel. At the management level, significantly more than half of the posts should be civilian and at the working level, a significantly stronger civil-military mix is ​​sought.

In 2019 500 cases were suspected in the phenomenal domain of right- edited. Of these, around 10 people a year turn out to be actual extremists , across all phenomena , of which around half are right-wing extremists. In addition, in 2019, around 30 people were aware of a lack of constitutionality. In October 2019, just over 20 right-wing extremist suspected cases were processed in the area of ​​the Special Forces Command (KSK).

In the area: The MAD (basic) network

Since it was founded, the MAD has been present in the area through the so-called “MAD basic network” or “MAD network” for short. In each of the six military areas I to VI a "Department MAD" was created, which was managed by the military area command and technically by sub-department IV J. From the summer of 1957, the departments were also headed by the sub-department IV J, which a little later became the ASBw. The name changed to "MAD group in the defense area" with the respective number. In 1971 the addition “in the military sector” was dropped. The MAD groups were responsible for cooperation with the constitutional protection authorities of the federal states, the police, the public prosecutor's offices and allied agencies. They also kept in touch with shielding services abroad, e.g. B. MAD Group I in Kiel to Denmark and Norway , MAD Group VI in Munich to Austria and Italy . 120 employees were to be available per group in the first few years. The MAD groups were divided into a leadership group, three departments and the troop administration . Department 1 was responsible for the “preliminary shielding ”, i.e. the security check , Department 2 for case processing and Department 3 for shielding operations.

From 1961, the MAD groups were joined by subordinate MAD positions, which were mostly located at the locations of the defense district commands and were intended for work in the area. They were each equipped with an operations manager, three or more investigative field sergeants , a staff sergeant and an investigative officer. There were also office workers, typists and drivers. From July 1968 onwards they had a designation made up of two Arabic numerals.

Furthermore, there were MAD troops of types A to D, which supported the work of the MAD groups or were later converted to MAD positions.

MAD Group III in Düsseldorf was initially responsible for shielding the BMVg . In 1959 a MAD troop was deployed for this task, from which the MAD Bonn office developed in July 1961. In 1962 this was supported by two MAD squads, so that 30 employees were active in shielding the BMVg. In 1963, the MAD Bonn office was responsible for the then Bonn district and some units that primarily worked with the BMVg. In March 1963 the name was changed to "MAD Group S". She worked with the responsible security department FüB II 7 in the BMVg, the department ES (investigations in special cases) and the group "Defense Economic Enlightenment". In 1968 the MAD Group S was responsible for the supervision of NATO and Bundeswehr services in Belgium and briefly in the 1970s for the United States and Canada . In 1979 the group had 130 employees and had anti-eavesdropping troops , which were also made available to other MAD groups.

Around 1975 the MAD basic network consisted of the following departments, headed by the ASBw:

Naming

In the documents of the Blank office you can find the terms "Military Defense Service" and "Security Service of the Armed Forces". The abbreviation MAD had already become established in the filing system. Reinhard Gehlen , however, had a problem with the word "defense". He wanted his BND to become the only educational service in the young Federal Republic. The defense was in the Weimar Republic and the Second World War , however, a plain message service. Since the Versailles Treaty forbade an educational intelligence service, this name was chosen to camouflage the unlawful intelligence. Gehlen's close confidante Wessel suggested the word “shielding”. So the abbreviation could be retained. The name prevailed at the latest with the official designation of Department 7 in January 1956 as "Military Counter-Intelligence Service in Sub-Department IV J". Office chief Armin Eck tried in 1967 to change the "defense" because he considered "shielding" to be insufficiently concise and too passive. However, his proposal was rejected by the BMVg.

Abuses at the MAD

Affairs

There was an illegal bugging of the service at the home of the secretary of the then Defense Minister liver Georg installed bugged because they spy for the Ministry of State Security of the GDR was suspected. The suspicion could never be proven. Minister Leber found out about the illegal wiretapping at the beginning of 1978 , but only informed the German Bundestag of this after the Quick magazine published a corresponding article on January 26, 1978 . The Minister resigned on February 2, 1978.

The Kießling affair in 1983, which was triggered by the MAD's wiretapping of the Bundeswehr General Günter Kießling, who was employed in a NATO agency , had far-reaching consequences. On the basis of "findings" that the secret service had obtained from a dubious source , the general was assumed to be homosexual and therefore a security risk. The “findings”, for which there was no sufficient factual basis, were nevertheless forwarded to the then Defense Minister Manfred Wörner , who immediately put Kießling into temporary retirement without further checks and without even hearing him. The reasons for this were made public a short time later. The embarrassing details of the investigation and the fact that the allegations were based solely on the information of a single dubious informant and were not accessible to further verification and could also be refuted in individual points, led to critical press reports and ultimately to the rehabilitation of Kießling, who on Was returned to active service February 1, 1984. Despite numerous requests, the minister did not resign. A short time later he became NATO Secretary General . The case had far-reaching consequences for the MAD. The commander was replaced and a commission under the former Federal Minister of the Interior , Hermann Höcherl (CSU), was set up (so-called Höcherl Commission ) to examine the structure and working methods of the MAD and to develop proposals for its reform. These suggestions, which led to changes in the organizational structure , were implemented promptly. Military officials in top positions in the service were replaced by civil servants.

One of the MAD's deputy heads of office, Colonel Joachim Krase , who died in 1988 , was exposed as a Stasi agent after his death . In 1990 the first indications of Krase's activities for the GDR appeared, but the MAD downplayed the suspicion in its own 20-page analysis. On the basis of Stasi files, however, it became clear: Krase worked under the code name “Fiedler” for 15 years for positions in East Berlin.

National Socialist Underground

In the course of the investigation and processing of the acts of the National Socialist Underground (NSU) terrorist group , the role of the MAD was examined and criticized, especially in the first NSU investigative committee in the Bundestag .

In March 1995, long before the NSU was formed, the MAD questioned Uwe Mundlos , who was doing military service , among other things because of Hitler and Hess pictures and the singing of right-wing extremist songs. From then on he was classified as a suspect and a file was kept. In addition, an attempt to recruit Mundlos as an informant for the MAD failed . The complete recordings did not reach the investigative committee until August 2012 after numerous complications. This was not done by the MAD, but by a state agency for the protection of the constitution, to which the MAD had already communicated the findings on Mundlos in 1995. The MAD had to destroy the files on Mundlos after he left the Bundeswehr due to the valid data protection guidelines, the deadlines set there and the limitation of its responsibility to the area of ​​the Bundeswehr.

Together with the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution and the Thuringian Office for the Protection of the Constitution , the MAD led a total of twelve V-men in the Thuringian Homeland Security as part of Operation Rennsteig . Shortly after the three suspects disappeared in January 1998, an undercover agent of the MAD reported their new whereabouts to the MAD office in Leipzig, but this information is said to have only been disseminated within the MAD and not made available to the other authorities for the protection of the constitution . The former BGH judge Schäfer , who was commissioned by the Thuringian Ministry of the Interior to clarify the misconduct of the authorities, pointed out in the so-called final report of the Schäfer Commission named after him that the MAD, according to information from an undercover agent, sent it to the responsible constitutional protection authorities early on pointed to the immersion of Mundlos, Böhnhardt and Zschäpe into illegality and the formation of terrorist structures. However, this information was not followed up by the constitution protection authorities contacted by the MAD.

As a consequence of the affair, President Birkenheier announced that he wanted to open up more to the public.

criticism

On various occasions, the political side suggested or called for the abolition of the MAD, for example in October 2010 by representatives of the then governing parties Union and FDP in the trust committee of the Bundestag budget committee (this primarily with regard to possible cost savings) and in summer 2012 the parties Die Linke , Die Grünen and FDP - this in connection with the demand for secret service reforms as a reaction to the NSU affair . Criticism has also been expressed in some cases that the examination of soldiers by soldiers can lead to a certain bias. There is a latent suspicion of a lack of professional distance.

organization

Logo of the Federal Office for Military Counterintelligence
Organization plan of the MAD
Structure of the MAD until September 30, 2019

The Military Counter-Intelligence Service consists of the Federal Office for Military Counter-Intelligence Service (BAMAD) with eight departments (until September 30, 2019: five) and its subordinate area. The BAMAD is a civil higher federal authority directly subordinate to the BMVg, with its seat in the Konrad-Adenauer-Kaserne in Cologne - Raderthal . At the head of the Military Counter-Intelligence Service is the "President of the Military Counter-Intelligence Service". Since October 1, 2019, when an organizational restructuring began in the MAD, the MAD has had a second, civilian Vice President, Burkhard Even, for the first time .

Structure of the Federal Office for Military Counterintelligence

  • President MAD

Department G

Department G is the legal and intelligence service element of the MAD. In addition to dealing with all fundamental and legal issues, including liaison, she ensures that the MAD complies with data protection requirements across departments, carries out central information management (including media and public relations work ), manages and makes decisions about the use of the intelligence service the observation , the preparation of the application and the implementation of G 10 measures , as well as the special requests for information and the processing of all inquiries and control orders from the parliamentary area. The department emerged in 2019, like department Z, from the split up of the former department ZAufg - central tasks.

Department E

Department E is responsible for the detection and defense of extremist tendencies and terrorism . It fulfills one of the MAD's two core intelligence missions in Germany. It works closely with the federal and state authorities for the protection of the constitution, the Federal Intelligence Service, the state security authorities and foreign intelligence services. One of the main goals of the department is to clarify suspected cases through personal, operative processing and to identify extremists and suspects with available knowledge that justify the suspicion of a lack of constitutional loyalty in the Bundeswehr. If there are actual indications for corresponding efforts, Department E collects information on the respective Bundeswehr member and evaluates it. In addition to open investigations, intelligence means and methods can also be used, such as human sources or observation. The knowledge transmitted by the MAD can also lead to disciplinary or criminally relevant investigations by the relevant authorities within and outside the Bundeswehr. Like Department S, the department emerged in 2019 from the split up of the former Department II - counter-extremism / terrorism / espionage and sagotage.

Department S

Department S is responsible for counter-espionage in the BMVg division. An espionage persons involved are identified and prevented the outflow of information. At the same time, counterintelligence also investigates attacks and measures by the intelligence service that are used to the detriment of the Bundeswehr in the form of sabotage , disinformation or controlled influencing of opinion-forming. With its assessment of the espionage threat, Department S contributes to the shielding position of the BMVg division. The threat posed by opposing intelligence services is to be countered with preventive measures. Particularly at risk Bundeswehr agencies are advised on this. This also includes the armament shielding measures.

The Bundeswehr is the focus of foreign intelligence services both domestically and on missions abroad. These have u. a. a particular interest in personal data, leadership decisions, strategic and tactical considerations, operational principles and the technology used in the armed forces.

The department emerged in 2019, like department E, from the split up of the former department II - counter-extremism / terrorism / espionage and sabotage.

Department ES

The self-security department is a supporting area of ​​the MAD. The purpose is to protect the employees, infrastructure and information of the MAD. It emerged in 2019 from the MAD's "Internal Security" division. At the BND there is a department of the same name for the security check of own and future employees.

Department Z

The Central Tasks department emerged in 2019, like Department G, from the split up of the former ZAufg department - Central Tasks. It performs the following central, non-technical support tasks for the entire MAD:

Department A

The Deployment Shielding department provides the personnel in the deployments and duties. There, she deals with all matters that could affect the safety of the Bundeswehr personnel in action. It collects information in order to increase the safety of the Bundeswehr members and creates an overview of the possible hazards, the so-called shielding position. In addition, the department advises the leaders of the Bundeswehr contingents abroad on all issues relating to security and shielding, and works on checking people and providing support in technical security measures. Department A was named Department III until 2019.

Department P

The personnel secret and sabotage protection department is responsible for participating in the implementation of security checks, the type and scope of which depend on the intended security-sensitive activity. Security- sensitive activities are access to or handling of classified information , employment within a particularly security-sensitive position in the BMVg's division and / or first-time participation in comprehensive weapons training . On average, the MAD takes part in around 75,000 security reviews each year; about 25,000 of these are due to the so-called soldier recruitment reviews. The soldiers to be checked can fill out an electronic security declaration (ELSE) both on service computers and on private computers . Department P was called Department IV until 2019.

Department T

The technology department, established in 2019, covers numerous tasks. This includes:

  • Guarantee of a safe and stable operation of the information technology of the MAD
  • Intelligence and technical support for the MAD
  • Performing the task of cyber shielding for the BMVg division,
  • Support of the IT security organization of the Bundeswehr with the help of special technical skills
  • Investigation of technically based espionage activities
  • Participation in the " National Cyber ​​Defense Center " (CYBER-AZ)
  • technical shielding and protection within the framework of material secret and sabotage protection (MGS)
  • Participation in technical security measures to protect confidential facts, objects and knowledge
  • "Advisory Group Safeguarding and Protection Abroad" (ASA) for the implementation of measures to counter eavesdropping and defense against makeshift / unconventional explosive devices, including their removal
  • Carrying out the preventive postal examination with X-ray machines for the two offices of the BMVg for the political and military management

Downstream area

The department subordinate to the Federal Office is subordinate to the military vice-president and consists of eight MAD positions and the German officer / military component (DO / MilA) at the Academy for the Protection of the Constitution (AfV) in Swisttal - Heimerzheim .

MAD positions

MAD positions

The eight MAD offices have regional responsibilities. You report to the military vice-president of the MAD. The MAD offices are the essential connecting element to the units and departments of the Bundeswehr. Her main tasks include interviewing reference and information persons and questioning those affected about security-relevant findings. In their regional areas of responsibility, they take up the issues in the areas of counter-extremism and counter-espionage and work with the departments of the Federal Office.

MAD positions
description Seat Local jurisdiction Emergence
MAD Kiel I (B) .png MAD body 1 Kiel Hamburg , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Schleswig-Holstein 2013 Merger of MAD agency 11 in Kiel with MAD agency 82 in Rostock
MAD Hannover II (B) .png MAD body 2 Hanover Bremen , Lower Saxony 2012 Merger of MAD point 21 Hanover with MAD point 22 Wilhelmshaven
MAD Hilden III (B) .png MAD agency 3 Hilden North Rhine-Westphalia from MAD group III, MAD position 31 and MAD position in Münster
MAD Koblenz IV (B) .png MAD agency 4 Koblenz (ASt  Mainz ) Hesse , Rhineland-Palatinate , Saarland , Bundeswehr agencies in the USA and Canada Merging of MAD offices 41 and 42 in Mainz and Koblenz
MAD Stuttgart V (B) .png MAD agency 5 Stuttgart Baden-Wuerttemberg from MAD group V, MAD offices 51, 52 and 53 in Stuttgart, Sigmaringen and Karlsruhe
MAD Munich VI (B) .png MAD agency 6 Munich Bavaria from MAD group VI, MAD positions 61 and 62 in Munich and Amberg
MAD agency 7 Schwielowsee (ASt  Leipzig ) Berlin , Brandenburg , Saxony , Saxony-Anhalt , Thuringia from MAD Group VII, MAD offices 71 (later 81), 73 and 74 in Geltow , Erfurt and Leipzig
MAD body 8 Wilhelmshaven Lower Saxony Former MAD position 22, 2012–2017 detached investigation sub-unit

Academy for the Protection of the Constitution

The Academy for Protection of the Constitution (AfV) is a joint educational institution of the constitution protection authorities and the military counterintelligence service. The technical supervision is in the form of Trustees perceived on which the Federal Ministry of Defense is involved. The supervision is incumbent on the President of the Military Intelligence under its purview. At the academy, among other things, basic training for new members of the MAD as well as courses on deployment shielding for MAD members who are intended for a foreign assignment take place.

staff

The staff of the MAD include military and civilian employees ( soldiers , officers and employees in the public sector ). The military personnel ensures that military contexts and careers can be analyzed, which would not be possible for unserved personnel.

Personnel development

The Military Counterintelligence Service had 1,255 employees in 2019 (2018: 1,169). The statutory review of all 20,000 new appointments in the Bundeswehr since July 1, 2017 made 90 additional positions in the MAD necessary. The MAD received 131 additional posts in 2019. In 2020, 118 additional positions are to be created and a further 250 positions will follow in 2021. Over 70 percent of the roughly 1,500 target positions are filled, which corresponds to a workforce of over 1,050 (reporting year 2019). With further job growth, the target will be around 1,800 posts. The positions are to be filled over several years.

The actual workforce has developed as follows since 1990:

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Recruitment and training

The MAD can be set to:

Positions for external applicants are only advertised in exceptional cases.

The training takes place at the Academy for the Protection of the Constitution (see also section of the same name in this article) and before that at the Bundeswehr Intelligence School , where the MAD maintained its own teaching group .

Heads of Office and Presidents

The military shielding service is headed by the civilian president of the military shielding service in grade B 7 of the Federal Salary Act . Since the founding of the ASBw in 1957, the military directors have been called "Head of Office". The following people have led the MAD so far:

household

The subsidy from the federal budget (actual value) in 2019 was 113,251,923 euros, after 95,627,497 euros in 2018 and 79,096,540 euros in 2017. Since 1990, the budget has developed as follows:

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Military Counterintelligence  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Constitutional Protection Report 2019. (PDF) In: https://www.verfassungsschutz.de/ . Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution , July 9, 2019, accessed on July 9, 2019 .
  2. ^ Structure of the military counterintelligence service. In: mad.bundeswehr.de. October 23, 2019, accessed December 28, 2019 .
  3. ↑ a b c About us. In: mad.bundeswehr.de. October 25, 2019, accessed November 11, 2019 .
  4. ↑ a b Bundestag resolves security review before starting work. In: bmvg.de. December 16, 2016, accessed November 11, 2019 .
  5. ^ The lexicon in 20 volumes , Zeitverlag Gerd Bucerius, Bibliographisches Institut Mannheim, Volume 9, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-411-17569-9 , p. 574.
  6. ↑ Uwe Müller: MAD - the most secret of all secret services. In: investigativ.welt.de. May 26, 2011, accessed November 11, 2019 .
  7. ^ Section E - Countering Extremism. In: mad.bundeswehr.de. October 25, 2019, accessed November 11, 2019 .
  8. ^ Department t - Technology. In: mad.bundeswehr.de. October 24, 2019, accessed November 11, 2019 .
  9. ↑ a b MAD Report - Annual Report of the Military Counter-Intelligence Service for the year 2019. (PDF) In: Federal Office for the Military Counter-Intelligence Service. May 5, 2020, accessed May 6, 2020 .
  10. ↑ BMVg organizational plan. (PDF) In: bmvg.de. October 1, 2019, accessed July 30, 2018 .
  11. ↑ “Always on the enemy!” - The Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD) 1956–1990 . 1st edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-36392-8 , pp. 125 .
  12. ↑ “Always on the enemy!” - The Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD) 1956–1990 . 1st edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-36392-8 , pp. 102 ff .
  13. ↑ “Always on the enemy!” - The Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD) 1956–1990 . 1st edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-36392-8 , pp. 122 .
  14. ↑ “Always on the enemy!” - The Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD) 1956–1990 . 1st edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-36392-8 , pp. 126 ff .
  15. ↑ “Always on the enemy!” - The Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD) 1956–1990 . 1st edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-36392-8 , pp. 128 .
  16. ↑ “Always on the enemy!” - The Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD) 1956–1990 . 1st edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-36392-8 , pp. 137 .
  17. ↑ Stefanie Waske: More liaison than control - the control of the BND by parliament and government 1955–1978 . VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2009, ISBN 978-3-531-16347-5 , p. 175 f .
  18. ↑ “Always on the enemy!” - The Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD) 1956–1990 . 1st edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-36392-8 , pp. 148 f .
  19. ↑ a b The history of the MAD. In: mad.bundeswehr.de. June 20, 2018, accessed November 11, 2019 .
  20. ↑ Klaas Hartmann-Moritzen: And then seven became eight again. In: Command Armed Forces Base . April 11, 2017. Retrieved November 11, 2019 .
  21. ↑ Daily order from the minister on the armed forces base. In: bmvg.de. May 30, 2017. Retrieved November 11, 2019 .
  22. ↑ Reconstruction in the Federal Office for the Military Counter-Intelligence Service. In: bmvg.de. September 6, 2019, accessed November 11, 2019 .
  23. ↑ a b c d Heads of the BND, BfV and MAD provide information to the control committee. In: bundestag.de. October 29, 2019, accessed November 11, 2019 (with video of the hearing).
  24. ^ Bundestag - hearing of the presidents of the federal intelligence services. In: mad.bundeswehr.de. October 29, 2019, accessed November 11, 2019 .
  25. ↑ “Always on the enemy!” - The Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD) 1956–1990 . 1st edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-36392-8 , pp. 136; 140 .
  26. ↑ “Always on the enemy!” - The Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD) 1956–1990 . 1st edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-36392-8 , pp. 133 ff .
  27. ↑ “Always on the enemy!” - The Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD) 1956–1990 . 1st edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-36392-8 , pp. 140-142 .
  28. ↑ “Always on the enemy!” - The Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD) 1956–1990 . 1st edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-36392-8 , pp. 142 f .
  29. ↑ “Always on the enemy!” - The Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD) 1956–1990 . 1st edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-36392-8 , pp. 139 f .
  30. ↑ “Always on the enemy!” - The Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD) 1956–1990 . 1st edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-36392-8 , pp. 136 . ; Numbering of the positions according to the location database of the Bundeswehr
  31. ↑ “Always on the enemy!” - The Military Counter-Intelligence Service (MAD) 1956–1990 . 1st edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-36392-8 , pp. 124 f .
  32. ↑ MAD spy exposed . In: Der Spiegel . No. 43 , 1990, pp. 14 ( Online - Oct. 22, 1990 ).
  33. ↑ Not a word - to nobody! In: FOCUS Online. February 3, 2003, accessed November 28, 2018 .
  34. ↑ tagesspiegel.de: The MAD and the NSU. De Maizière has to defend himself . September 12, 2012.
  35. ↑ Text archive of the German Bundestag: Public meeting of the NSU committee of inquiry on the role of the MAD on September 11th: Secrecy of a MAD file triggers a scandal ( archive ( Memento from December 8, 2012 on WebCite )
  36. ^ Constitutional protection officers had twelve informers with the "Thuringian Homeland Security". In: Der Spiegel (online edition). June 23, 2012, accessed November 14, 2012 .
  37. ^ Right- wing terror: Friedrich attacks security authorities . Focus.de via dpa , November 19, 2011, accessed on November 20, 2011.
  38. ↑ n-tv.de: More informers around the neo-Nazis. Five V-people around the NSU . January 1, 2012
  39. ↑ The MAD wants to be understood ( Memento from February 21, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), tagesschau.de from February 18, 2013
  40. ↑ Savings plans: Housekeepers want to shut down military intelligence. Welt Online , October 29, 2010, archived from the original on November 7, 2010 ; Retrieved November 14, 2012 .
  41. ↑ n-tv.de, dpa: Justice Minister annoyed colleagues: MAD should disappear . In: n-tv online . July 27, 2012. Retrieved June 27, 2013.
  42. ^ The security check in the Bundeswehr. In: mad.bundeswehr.de. October 25, 2019, accessed November 11, 2019 .
  43. ↑ MAD (Ed.): 60 Years of Military Counterintelligence 1956–2016 . Cologne 2016, p. 98 .
  44. ^ Academy for the Protection of the Constitution. In: verfassungsschutz.de. Retrieved November 11, 2019 .
  45. ↑ a b Verfassungsschutz Report 2018. (PDF) In: https://www.verfassungsschutz.de/ . Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution , June 27, 2019, accessed on July 24, 2019 .
  46. ^ Bernadette Droste: Handbook of the constitution protection law . Boorberg, Stuttgart a. a. 2007, ISBN 978-3-415-03773-1 , pp. 735 f ., Appendix 11: Development of the workforce of the Federal and State Office for the Protection of the Constitution (the years 1990–2005 are given for the MAD).
  47. ↑ Your career in the military counterintelligence. In: https://mad.bundeswehr.de/ . MAD, July 10, 2019, accessed November 11, 2019 .
  48. ↑ Job advertisements for external applicants for uses (also) in the MAD. In: bewerbung.bundeswehr-karriere.de. Retrieved November 11, 2019 .
  49. ↑ Dieter Krüger, Armin Wagner: Conspiracy as a profession: German intelligence chiefs in the Cold War . P. 312.
  50. ↑ Hartmut Palmer: Everything trembles, one stays . In: Cicero . Ringier Publishing, November 2012, ISSN  1613-4826 , p. 44-45 .
Subordinate division of the Federal Ministry of Defense (BMVg)
Military organizational areas
( armed forces )
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Army command

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Air Force Command

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Civil organization areas
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Federal Office for Personnel Management of the Federal Armed Forces Federal
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Training Center of the Federal Armed Forces

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Federal Office for Equipment, Information Technology and Use of the Bundeswehr

Infrastructure, environmental protection and services

Federal Office for Infrastructure, Environmental Protection and Bundeswehr Services

 
Administration of justice

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Federal Office for the Military Counter-Intelligence Service Operations
Command of the Federal Armed Forces Command
Academy of the Federal Armed Forces
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Center for Inner Guidance

former departments in the business area

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