Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol
| Série A | |
 |
|
| Full name | Campeonato Brasileiro da Série A |
| abbreviation | Brasilerão |
| Association | Confederação Brasileira de Futebol |
| First edition | 7th August 1971 |
| hierarchy | 1st League |
| Teams | 20th |
| master | 2019 Flamengo Rio de Janeiro (6th title) |
| Record champions | Palmeiras São Paulo (10 tracks) |
| Record player |
 Rogério Ceni (474)
|
| Record scorer |
Roberto Dinamite (190)
|
| Current season | 2020 |
| Website | cbf.com.br |
| Qualification for |
Copa Libertadores Copa Sudamericana |
|
↓ Série B (II)
|
|
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The Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol is the national championship held by the national association Confederação Brasileira de Futebol for Brazilian football clubs, often just called Brasileirão (roughly "great Brazilian"). While most of the first half of the year is traditionally dedicated to the soccer championships of the states of Brazil , the national championship usually takes place from May to December. In 2018, the Palmeiras São Paulo became champions for the tenth time in the club's history.
The first official championship was held in 1971. 2010, the winners of the first held 1959-1970 national competitions, which were Taça Brasil and as Taça de Prata known Torneio Roberto Gomes Pedrosa , officially recognized as a champion of Brazil.
Between 1971 and 2002 the championship had different official names and the mode of execution was also subject to changes. In 1990, the term Série A was first used , which became the name of the national soccer league introduced in 2003.
In the 2019 season, Série A scored an average of 2.29 goals per game (previous year 2.18). Around 8.07 million people came to the stadiums in the 380 championship games, which corresponded to an average of around 21,200 spectators per game.
Historical
The immense size of Brazil has historically been a major obstacle to holding national sports competitions. As an example, it should be mentioned here that a road connection between the cities of Rio de Janeiro and Santos , some 500 km apart, was not completed until 1975 . Only affordable flight connections made it possible to travel to games in other metropolises on a routine basis. Before that, there were more or less regular tournaments between the strongest clubs in various states, such as the famous Torneio Rio-São Paulo , which first took place in 1933.
Even before that, there were supranational tournaments such as the Taça Ioduran played between 1917 and 1919 and the Copa dos Campeões Estaduais , the cup of national champions , which was held in 1920 and 1936, which the respective winners liked to celebrate as quasi national champions.
1959: Taça Brasil
After the success of the South American championship of 1948 and the European Cup of National Champions since 1956, a regular South American continental competition for soccer clubs was announced for the first time in 1960 with the Copa Campeones de América , known since 1965 as Copa Libertadores . Eligible for participation were master clubs nominated by the national associations.
To determine the Brazilian participant, the Taça Brasil , the Brazilian Cup , was held for the first time in 1959 . The first winner of this cup competition was the EC Bahia . Until the last playout in 1968, FC Santos was the record winner of the event with five wins around the footballer of the century Pelé . The SE Palmeiras of Sao Paulo Cup two wins, Cruzeiro EC from Belo Horizonte and Botafogo FR Rio once each.
Main article: Taça Brasil
1967: Torneio Roberto Gomes Pedrosa
From 1967 to 1970 another national competition was played as Torneio Roberto Gomes Pedrosa , from 1968 also called Taça de Prata (silver cup) after the trophy . The winning teams of this tournament, which emerged from the Torneio Rio-São Paulo , consider themselves champions of Brazil and as such found wide public recognition, although the Brazilian football association CBF, the Confederação Brasileira de Futebol , officially did not grant this recognition until 2010. However, the CBF predecessor organization Confederação Brasileira de Desportos , under whose aegis the tournament took place, even named the winners Campeão do Brasil , so champions of Brazil.
In the first two years, the winners of the sometimes called Robertão (great Roberto) competition qualified for the Copa Libertadores alongside the winner of Taça Brasil . After the Taça Brasil, which was viewed as the predecessor of the 1989 Copa do Brasil cup competition , was discontinued at the end of the 1968 season, the first two of the Torneio Roberto Gomes Pedrosa were qualified. Palmeiras won the Taça de Prata twice, Santos and Fluminense FC once each.
Main article: Torneio Roberto Gomes Pedrosa
Recognition as a master
The winners of the Taça Brasil and the Torneio Roberto Gomes Pedrosa have repeatedly tried in vain to be equated with the champions of Brazil from 1971 onwards by the association in terms of football history, but this was denied to them until 2010. These clubs like to point out that they were finally registered as champions for the Copa Libertadores and at the time also generally referred to as champions of Brazil. They were also expressly referred to as Campeão , as masters, in various official publications of the CBD . On December 21, 2010, the long-awaited Unificação dos Títulos brasileiros , the official recognition as champions by the CBF , finally took place in a festive ceremony at the Itanhangá Golf Club in the west of Rio de Janeiro . Association President Ricardo Teixeira presented the representatives of the clubs that have won the Taça Brasil and Taça de Prata official diplomas, championship sashes and miniature editions of the current championship trophy with the club name and the year of the title win engraved. The clubs were given 20 medals each to be passed on to the players involved; Pelé received his six championship medals during the ceremony. Since that day, lists of the champions of Brazil without the winners of Taça Brasil and Taça de Prata are also officially incomplete.
This also led to Brazil having two official champions in 1967 and 1968; Palmeiras is also two-time champion of 1967.
1971: Campeonato Nacional de Clubes
| 1959-1968 | Taça Brasil |
| 1967-1970 | Torneio Roberto Gomes Pedrosa |
| 1971-1974 | Campeonato Nacional de Clubes |
| 1975-1979 | Copa Brasil |
| 1980-1983 | Taça de Ouro |
| 1984-1986 | Copa Brasil |
| 1987-1988 | Copa União |
| 1989-1999 | Campeonato Brasileiro da Série A |
| 2000 | Copa João Havelange |
| 2001 – today | Campeonato Brasileiro da Série A |
Only the championship, held for the first time as Campeonato Nacional de Clubes since 1971 , had an official status as such at the time. The mode of play was still quite complicated in those years, with group matches, playoffs and a final with a return leg as the climax. There was also still no regular ascent and descent. Membership in the illustrious group of clubs that played the championship was determined according to various often not very transparent criteria. The big traditional clubs had a secure starting place. The number of participating clubs varied greatly; In the first season there were 20 clubs at the start, in the third year there were already 40.
In 1975 the competition was renamed Copa Brasil . In 1979 the field of participants reached a peak with 94 clubs, although the following season it was slimmed down to 44 clubs, mainly because a second division was introduced again, in which 64 clubs competed for the Taça de Prata , the silver cup, and for the first time also promotion played. Londrina EC and CS Alagoano from Maceió were the first winners here.
The first division competition was called Taça de Ouro from 1981 . 44 clubs played for this gold cup. The field of participants has also been reorganized. Success at the state championships was now the main consideration for participating in the championship. From 1985 the association introduced a "historical ranking" as a new criterion, based on which 20 of the 44 participants were determined. In 1984 the competition was finally called again, for three seasons, Copa Brasil .
1987 Chaos Season
From 1987 the association wanted to reduce the field of participants to 28 clubs. Of the thus locked out, Botafogo FR and Coritiba FC managed to win the right to participate by a sports court order. The success of these two clubs in turn encouraged other clubs to take legal action. The chaos was perfect when the association was now on the verge of bankruptcy and was financially unable to hold a championship.
The thirteen self-proclaimed large clubs organized themselves to form Clube dos 13 , the club of the thirteen, which invited three other clubs and held a championship independently of the association. In the so-called green module, the modulho verde , these clubs played for the Copa União ("Union Cup "). On the other hand, the association has now also managed to hold a tournament. In the yellow module, the modulho amarelho , 16 clubs played for the Taça Roberto Gomes Pedrosa . With a few exceptions, like last year's championship finalist Guarani FC , the participants in the yellow group were more likely to be assigned to the second member.
In the Copa União, Flamengo defeated Rio de Janeiro in the finals in the green module SC Internacional from Porto Alegre. In the yellow module , Guarani was declared the winner in front of Sport Recife after a controversial outcome of the finals . The association now wanted Flamengo against Sport and Internacional against Guarani to compete in the semi-finals for a national championship, but the Green teams refused. So it happened that Sport and Guarani faced each other in two more games for the national championship, in which the team from Recife just kept the upper hand.
Sport was thus the official champion of Brazil recognized by the CBF and was registered together with Guarani by the association for the Libertadores competition. Generally speaking, however, Flamengo is considered to be the true master of that season. The team from Rio as well as Internacional were sentenced by the National Sports Council for not appearing against the yellow teams for forced relegation to the second division, but this was not applied.
In 1988, the championship was held under the name Copa União , and the 24 participants included all clubs from the previous year's Green Module. In 1990, the championship round, now reduced to 20 clubs, was referred to as Série A for the first time . In 1993 the field of participants swelled again to 32 clubs for a short time, but decreased again to 24 from the following season, which remained stable for several years.
Chaos at the turn of the millennium
In 2000, chaos was again the order of the day. The SE Gama from the federal capital Brasilia fought in an ordinary court to revoke the relegation from the previous season, which came about because Botafogo and Internacional were awarded wins against São Paulo FC at the green table. The FIFA uttered a spell against Gama because of the transfer to a court of law. After a lot of back and forth, the Copa João Havelange , a tournament essentially organized by the Club of Thirteen , was finally played with a record field of 114 clubs, including SE Gama .
At the championship final second leg in the São Januário Stadium in Rio between Vasco da Gama and AD São Caetano , a fence collapsed in the 23rd minute after tumult among the spectators due to escape movements. 168 people were injured, three of them seriously. Although the President of Vasco and the referee wanted the game to continue, the governor of the state of Rio de Janeiro prohibited it. The Vasco players did a lap of honor while the wounded were treated on the field. After a 3-1 win in the replay, Vasco became champions.
From 2003 - Série A, a league based on the European model
In 2001 the number of participants was reduced to 28 and from 2002 the league was again called Série A. But the big reform came in the following 2003 season. The number of participants was reduced to 24, which is now in a regular league without playoffs with return and second half of the season determine the champion and all other participants in South American club competitions in addition to the cup winner. Questions such as promotion and relegation can now also be clearly answered. The last four descend into Série B , which in turn determines the four climbers based on the pattern of Série A. In 2005 the Série A was slimmed down to 22 and in the following year to the current number of 20 clubs. The Série C and Série D were added to the substructure by the end of the decade.
Mode 2019
Série A
The first division consists of 20 teams that have qualified over the previous year's result in this division or through the second division. They play the Brazilian champions and qualify for the Copa Libertadores and Copa Sudamericana tournaments, each against each other ( double rounds) . The last four teams are relegated to Série B after the season .
The video assistant has been used in Série A games since the 2019 season .
Série B
The second division is played out essentially like the first. It also consists of 20 teams. The first four teams will be promoted to Série A after the season, the last four will be relegated to Série C.
Série C
In the third division, the 20 participating teams for the first round are divided into two groups of 10 teams each according to geographic criteria (north / south). The best four teams in each group qualify for the final round, which is played in the knockout system . All semi-finalists are qualified for Série B of the following season.
Série D
Series D, which is a qualifying tournament for Series C by European standards, was increased to 68 participants in 2016 due to pressure from the small associations. Depending on the CBF ranking, 2-4 teams qualify for each federal state association based on the results in the state championships and cups of the previous year, as well as the relegated teams from the previous year's C series.
The participants play in groups of 4 for 32 places for the final round, which is played in the knockout system. The four semi-finalists advance to Série C. The division of the groups as well as the first two knockout rounds is based on geographical factors, so that it often happens that the first two in a group meet again in the first knockout round.
National awards
Brazilian football also knows awards. As in most other associations, the top scorer of a season is honored. There are also awards from official and unofficial sources. These are:
Prêmio Craque do Brasileirão
The Prêmio Craque do Brasileirão (German roughly price for the aces of the Brazilian championship) is an event that has been held annually since 2005 in partnership between the Brazilian Football Association and the television channel Rede Globo . The most coveted individual prize is that of the best player. The award here is comparable to that of a Footballer of the Year, but as such it competes with the Bola de Ouro, which has been awarded by the Placar magazine since 1973.
Prêmio Arthur Friedenreich
The award refers to the former national player Arthur Friedenreich and goes to the player who has scored the most goals in all competitions - national championship, cup and state championship. The prize has been awarded by the Rede Globo television station since 2008.
Troféu Armando Nogueira
Also given by Rede Globo for the best player of the season.
Bola de Ouro / Bola de Prata
The Bola de Ouro (German: Goldener Ball) is a Brazilian soccer award that has been given every year since 1973 by the magazine Placar to the best player in the Campeonato Brasileiro. The price is comparable to that of a footballer of the year in other countries. The Bola de Prata (Silver Ball) is awarded to the players with the highest marks in each individual playing position.
Premio Belfort Duarte
This price was a price for fair play. The winners of the award had to have played at least 200 games or 10 years in a row without receiving a red card. After an incident with the player Everaldo , the award was still given to players who had finished their careers. Everaldo received a red card three months after his honor. In 2008 the television station Rede Globo tried to revive the award, but stopped it again in 2009.
Prêmio O Cara da Rodada
An award from Lance magazine ! awarded to the best player of the day.
Statistical overview
List of Brazilian champions
|
List of champions by number of championships
*) Palmeiras won two championships in 1967) Championships by federation
Most seasonsOnly the CR Flamengo (Rio de Janeiro) participated in all championship tournaments since 1971. |
Audience numbers
In the regular 2018 season, the average number of spectators was between 18,821 and 19,959 people per game, depending on the information, making the Brasileirão one of the most popular football leagues in the world. CR Flamengo (50,965 and 47,139) and FC São Paulo (34,268 and 34,320) had the highest average attendance figures.
| season | cut | Games | total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2003 | 11,414 | 542 | 6,186,166 |
| 2004 | 8,467 | 552 | 4,673,977 |
| 2005 | 13,245 | 462 | 6,119,372 |
| 2006 | 12,196 | 380 | 4,634,439 |
| 2009 | 18.093 | 380 | 6,875,151 |
| 2010 | 14,693 | 380 | 5,583,469 |
| 2011 | 15,119 | 380 | 5,745,332 |
| 2012 | 13,465 | 380 | 5,116,692 |
| 2013 | 15,893 | 380 | 6,039,515 |
| 2014 | 16,932 | 380 | 6,400,109 |
| 2015 | 17.160 | 380 | 6,520,677 |
| 2016 | 15,809 | 380 | 5,975,926 |
| 2017 | 16,418 | 380 | 6,238,797 |
| 2018 | 19.959 / 18.821 | 380 | 7,584,444 / 7,151,980 |
See also
- List of participants in the Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol
- List of football top scorers Série A (Brazil)
- Cup of Brazil
- State Championships
Individual evidence
- ↑ História das Rodovias. ( Memento from November 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) on: estradas.com.br
- ↑ De 1959 a 1970, os campeões brasileiros ( Memento of December 23, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) , Confederação Brasileira de Futebol , December 21, 2010.
- ↑ Video assistant from season 2019, report on cbf.com.br of February 22, 2019, page in portugal, accessed on February 25, 2019
- ↑ rsssfbrasil.com RSSSF Prêmio Belfort Duarte.
- ↑ Série A 2018 - viewers. Retrieved January 26, 2019 .
- ↑ Série A 2018 - viewers (alternative). globoesporte.com, accessed August 19, 2019 (Portuguese).
Web links
Athletico Paranaense | Atlético Goianiense | Atlético Mineiro | EC Bahia | Botafogo FR | Red Bull Bragantino | Ceará SC | Corinthians | Coritiba FC | Flamengo | Fluminense | Fortaleza EC | Goiás EC | Gremio | Internacional | Palmeiras | FC Santos | São Paulo FC | Sport Recife | Vasco
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