Rottweil
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 48 ° 10 ′ N , 8 ° 37 ′ E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Freiburg | |
| County : | Rottweil | |
| Height : | 607 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 71.76 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 25,274 (Dec. 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 352 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postcodes : | 78628, 78652 | |
| Primaries : | 0741, 07427 | |
| License plate : | RW | |
| Community key : | 08 3 25 049 | |
City administration address : |
Hauptstrasse 21–23 78628 Rottweil |
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| Website : | ||
| Lord Mayor : | Ralf Broß ( independent ) | |
| Location of the city of Rottweil in the Rottweil district | ||
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Rottweil , the oldest city in Baden-Württemberg , is about 90 kilometers south of Stuttgart . It is the district town and largest city of the district of the same name as well as a middle center for the surrounding communities. Rottweil has been a major district town since June 1, 1970 . The city has agreed on an administrative partnership with the communities of Deißlingen, Dietingen, Wellendingen and Zimmer .
Rottweil has been an imperial city in the Holy Roman Empire since the Staufer period , which is reflected in the city's coat of arms .
geography
Geographical location
The city is located in north-south direction about halfway between the state capital Stuttgart and Lake Constance . The city lies directly on the Neckar and forms a pivotal point between the Swabian Alb and the Black Forest .
The following larger cities are in the vicinity of Rottweil: Oberndorf am Neckar , 20 km north, Balingen , 24 km northeast, Schramberg in the Black Forest, 27 km north-west, Tuttlingen , 27 km south-east, Trossingen , 18 km south and Villingen-Schwenningen , 24 km south-west .
Neighboring communities
The following cities and communities border the city of Rottweil. Starting in a clockwise direction , they are named in the east:
Zimmer unter der Burg and Schömberg (both Zollernalbkreis ), Wellendingen ( Rottweil district ), Frittlingen and Aldingen (both Tuttlingen district ) as well as Deißlingen , Zimmer ob Rottweil , Dunningen , Bösingen , Villingendorf and Dietingen (all Rottweil district).
City structure
The urban area consists of the core town , Bühlingen, which was incorporated in 1939, and the municipalities of Feckenhausen , Göllsdorf , Hausen ob Rottweil , Neufra , Neukirch and Zepfenhan , which were incorporated as part of the regional reform of the 1970s .
The annexed in the 1970s, neighborhoods are also towns within the meaning of § 67ff of the Municipal Code , that is, they each have one of the eligible voters in each municipal election to be elected directly Ortschaftsrat , with a mayor as chairman.
Some parts of the city have more spatially separate residential areas with their own names, which often have very few residents, or residential areas with their own name, the names of which have emerged in the course of development and whose boundaries are usually not precisely defined. In detail, these are the following areas:
- to the core city: so-called "old town" (not to be confused with the medieval city center), Bettlinsbad, Bollershof, Bühlingen, Eckhof, Hardthaus, Hegneberg, Hochwald (an exclave ), Markenhöhe, Neckarburg, Neckartal, Ziegelhütte, Römerhof, Rottenmünster, Saline Wilhelmshall , Charlottenhöhe, Charlottenwäldle and Schafwasen
- zu Feckenhausen: Fountain of Youth
- to Göllsdorf: Haslerhof
- to Hausen ob Rottweil: Lehrhof, Oberrotenstein, Unterrotenstein
- to Neukirch: Vaihingerhof
- to Zepfenhan: Sonthof
Spatial planning
Rottweil forms a middle center within the Black Forest-Baar-Heuberg region , the upper center of which is the city of Villingen-Schwenningen . The central region Rottweil near the town of Rottweil the cities and towns include Bösingen , Deißlingen , Dietingen , Dornhan , Epfendorf , Fluorn-Winzeln , Oberndorf am Neckar , Sulz am Neckar , Villingendorf , Vöhringen (Württemberg) , Wellendingen and Zimmern ob Rottweil the district Rottweil.
history
Antiquity
The Roman settlement in the urban area of Rottweil was founded in 73 AD by the Romans under Emperor Vespasian as part of the construction of the Roman Kinzigtalstrasse , making Rottweil the oldest town in Baden-Württemberg - even if it has not been permanent since Roman times existed as a city. The Latin name of the city was Arae Flaviae ("Altars of the Flavians"). The name suggests that a center of the imperial cult should arise here - the name of the ruling family at the time, to which Vespasian belonged, was gens Flavia . The Roman town of Rottweil was the capital of a civitas and - apparently the only Roman city in what is now Baden-Württemberg - held the legal status of a municipality . With an area of around 18 hectares, Arae Flaviae was one of the largest Roman cities in southwest Germany and in the Dekumatland in terms of its size , and representative buildings shaped the cityscape. But since it was a "political" foundation and the place had been in an unattractive place in the hinterland since the frontier was pushed forward under Vespasian's son Domitian around 90 AD, the city only appears to be in the next two centuries to have developed little further. The urban area was apparently never fully developed, the number of inhabitants remained relatively small.
It was not until 1950 that the ancient Arae Flaviae , whose name has been passed down from the so-called Peutinger table ( Tabula Peutingeriana ) and from Claudius Ptolemy's , was reliably identified with Rottweil by an unusual inscription: On the wooden plaque of a Roman military diploma from the late 2nd century were the words acto municipio Aris - in English: "exhibited in the city of Arae" - to read.
After the Romans lost control of the area to the Alemanni around AD 260 , the Roman city went under; Apparently, however, a significantly reduced settlement continued to exist - with the disappearance of the Roman residents, the Latin name of the place was also lost.
middle Ages
Because of the good traffic situation , an Alemannic duke's court was built here, from which the royal court "Rotuvilla" became, which appears for the first time in the documents as early as 771 AD. This royal court gained great importance under the Carolingians as a place of jurisdiction and administrative center. The Hofgericht Rottweil counted long after the late Middle Ages the most important meals of the German Empire. It was first mentioned on January 19, 1299. Until September 7, 1418, the court court was under the Pürschgerichtslinde , which is on the corner of Heerstraße and Lindenstraße, and was then moved to the zoo in front of the Hochbrückor on the open Königstraße. The court seat is reminiscent of the Imperial Court Court, which had been sitting here since 1418. There is a copy on Königstrasse to the right of the regional court. The original from 1781 is in the city museum. The office of hereditary court judge was with the Count von Sulz .
The high medieval Rottweil was rebuilt in the Staufer period on a rock spur above the Neckar about two kilometers west of the former Roman town. The Hohenstaufen built the city at its current location according to the Zähringer model (divided into four parts by the street cross). The late medieval town center dates from this time with its town houses decorated with bay windows, the forged engraving plates that were mandatory in the 16th century, and the numerous Rottweiler churches.
The predecessors of this settlement are the middle town and the old town, on parts of the foundations of the Roman Rottweiler. It is likely that significant ruins of the Roman Arae Flaviae remained inside visible to the Middle Ages, to which also Won and Hofgut "High Moors" point in the former. Settlement area.
The current name of the city "Rottweil" is initially passed down as Rote Will (red villa, in 771 Rotuvila ) and is not derived from the ancient name. A possible explanation of the first part of the name in addition to the color designation are the dilapidated Roman buildings (cf. Rottenburg am Neckar or Kastelruth ), which is also indicated by the winning designations "Rote Steige" and the name of the neighboring imperial monastery Rottenmünster .
Imperial city
Towards the end of the 11th century, Rottweil was a place of ducal rule of the Duchy of Swabia . After the rise of Swabian dukes from the Staufer dynasty to German royal dignity, the city was again closely related to kingship from the beginning of the 13th century.
Rottweil has been known as an imperial city since 1230 and was thus an immediate territory of the Holy Roman Empire . Initially administered by a royal mayor, the mayor (1299) and a large and small council (1311), representing the interests of the citizens, were added to the management of the imperial city. The assessors of the imperial court were also members of the Grand Council. As a basis for this, the city gave itself its own imperial city council constitution , which granted it a certain internal independence.
After the decline of the Hohenstaufen rule from 1250 and the election of the Habsburg Rudolf as Roman-German king at the end of the interregnum in 1273, Rottweil's imperial immediacy was at stake when the new king pledged the imperial mayor's office to Count Albrecht von Hohenberg in 1285 . However, the council of the imperial city succeeded in acquiring the mayor's office temporarily in 1344 and then finally in 1383. As early as 1359, Rottweil was granted the right to exercise blood jurisdiction . In 1401 the imperial immediacy - and thus the status of an imperial city - was confirmed by King Ruprecht and lasted for the next four hundred years until the Duchy of Württemberg took over Rottweiler and its territories in 1802.
In the course of its existence, the imperial city of Rottweil was able to build up its own considerable land territory. It covered an area of approx. 220 km² and was the third largest imperial urban area in the Swabian Empire after Ulm and Hall .
Place facing the Swiss Confederation
In 1463, Rottweil joined the Swiss Confederation as part of a temporary alliance . In 1476 the Rottweilers fought in the Battle of Murten on their side against Charles the Bold . In 1512 the city received from Pope Julius II a valuable « Julius banner » for the services rendered in the “Great Pavier Campaign” from 1508–1510 to expel the French. The old alliance expired and was extended indefinitely in 1519 in the so-called Eternal Covenant.
Rottweil thus became a place facing the Swiss Confederation. Relations between the Swiss Confederation and Rottweil quickly cooled down during the Reformation . However, when Rottweil was harassed by war, it asked the Confederates for help.
In the witch hunts in Rottweil from 1546 to 1661, 287 cases of witchcraft and sorcery are documented. 266 people were executed in the witch trials . On April 15, 2015, the city council of Rottweil passed a resolution on the socio-ethical and moral rehabilitation of the victims of the witch trials.
During the Thirty Years War , Rottweil was besieged by Marshal Guébriant and taken on November 19, 1643. Guébriant died as a result of a falconet shot . The pilgrimage to the Madonna of the Turning Eyes was also created due to a miracle event in the Dominican monastery. In the same month, however, Rottweil was liberated by the imperial troops under Franz von Mercy after the battle of Tuttlingen .
Rottweil as the upper administrative city of Württemberg
On September 8, 1802, two emissaries of the Duke of Württemberg appeared before the council of the imperial city of Rottweil and, in view of the imminent mediatization of the imperial cities, raised claims to the city. They threatened to be taken by a thousand soldiers standing by and demanded that the city, the associated villages and the monasteries be handed over to Württemberg . Rottweil surrendered (confirmed in the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803) and became the seat of the Oberamt Rottweil , which was changed several times in the course of its history , in the year the Kingdom of Württemberg was founded in 1806 as part of the new administrative structure .
In 1868, when the Rottweil train station opened, it was connected to the Württemberg railway network .
Rottweil resumed relations with Switzerland in 1913 by entering into a town twinning with Brugg .
20th and 21st centuries
The Oberamt Rottweil was given the name Rottweil District in 1934 and was transferred to the Rottweil District in 1938 .
During the time of National Socialism , the Rottweil National Political Education Institute (Napola Rottweil) in the Gau Württemberg was inaugurated on April 1, 1936 in the premises of the Rottweil Catholic Teachers' College . The young men (= pupils) included Wolfram Fischer , Erich Hartmann and Gernot Huber ; Karl Doerth was one of the educators (= teachers) .
During the November pogrom of 1938 , the synagogue at Cameralamtsgasse 6 , formerly Judengasse , which had served the Jewish community as a place of worship since 1861 , was devastated by SA men . The Jewish families who had not yet emigrated were later deported for extermination. A plaque on the building commemorates this story. In the Second World War was on the edge of today's district Zepfenhan a working surface for oil shale , on the prisoners of the labor camp Schörzingen forced labor had to do. Ruins of industrial plants south of Zepfenhan are a reminder of this past.
After the Second World War, the city fell into the French zone of occupation and thus came to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern in 1947 , which was incorporated into the state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952.
In 2003 the Baden-Württemberg Home Days took place in Rottweil .
City districts and former municipal coats of arms
The districts of Rottweiler also have a long history. They mostly belonged to the area of the imperial city or to the Rottenmünster monastery , came to Württemberg in 1803 and then belonged to the Oberamt Rottweil.
Bühlingen was first mentioned in 1108 as "Bisilingen". The town came to the town of Rottweil via the St. Georgen monastery in 1538. But Württemberg was able to win the place for itself in 1566. However, the authorities remained with Rottweil. Bühlingen belonged to the monastery office of St. Georgen.
Feckenhausen was first mentioned in 902 as "Ueccenhusa". Above all, the monastery of St. Gallen had possessions here. Until the 13th century the place belonged to the County of Hohenberg and was sold in 1379 to the Rottweiler citizen Konrad Beck. The Austrians, who had acquired the County of Hohenberg in 1381, enfeoffed the place in 1468 to Balthasar Lutz, who sold it to the Rottweil hospital in 1514. It was the only village in the Rottweil hospital ward.
Göllsdorf was first mentioned in 1099 as "Geroldistorf". TheAlpirsbach monastery acquired possessionsthrough the Counts of Zollern . In 1280 the monastery of St. Blasien acquired theproperty of the Rottweiler citizen Hübscher, but in 1466 he sold his shares to the city of Rottweil. The shares of the Fronhof, initially given as a fief to Hans Maier, were also sold to Rottweil in 1471. Göllsdorf then belonged to the Obervogteiamt Rottweil.
Hausen ob Rottweil was first mentioned in 1094 as "Husen". The monastery of St. Georgen owned possessions, part of which came to Württemberg via Rottweil in the 16th century. However, the authorities remained with Rottweil. The other half of the village belonged to the County of Hohenberg, which was acquired by Austria in 1381. The lords of Rotenstein, who sold their share to the Rottenmünster monastery in 1768, were tenants. But this part also came to Württemberg in 1803. After that, part of the village belonged to the Rottenmünster staff office, the other to the St. Georgen monastery office, and from 1806 to the Rottweil regional office.
Neufra was first mentioned in 1138 as "Nuveren". The place also belonged to the County of Hohenberg and came with this to Austria. However, according to a treaty from the 17th century, the city of Rottweil had authority over the place. The place belonged to the Rottweil Stalking District Office.
Neukirch was first mentioned in 1120 as "Nunchilcha" and in 1278 as "Nunkilch". Count Berthold von Sulz had received the place from the dukes of Teck and gave it in 1311 as a fief to the Rottweiler patrician family Wirt. He handed it over to the Rottenmünster monastery in the middle of the 15th century.
Zepfenhan was first mentioned in 1275 as "Epfenhaim". The place came to Rottweiler citizens through various knights and lords. In the 14th century Zepfenhan belonged to the County of Hohenberg and in the 16th century came to the Rottenmünster monastery.
see also Suntheim Castle (Sonthof)
Incorporations
The following communities were incorporated into the city of Rottweil:
- 1939: Bühlingen
- December 1, 1971: Hausen ob Rottweil
- March 1, 1972: Feckenhausen
- October 1, 1972: Göllsdorf
- January 1, 1973: Neukirch
- January 1, 1974: Zepfenhan
- January 1, 1975: Neufra
Population development
Population figures according to the respective area. The figures are census results (¹) or official updates from the respective statistical offices (main residences only).
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¹ census result
Religions
Rottweil initially belonged to the diocese of Constance and was assigned to the archdeaconate "in front of the forest". As an imperial city, Rottweil was also able to regulate religious matters itself. The Reformation initially found support in the guild circles, but was not introduced by the city's magistrate . As the court was threatened with loss, Pastor Uhl and Mayor / Mayor Möck and Mock relented: "Möck, Mock and Uhl save Rottweil the Holy See". Until 1545, after Kampitsch, not only was blood shed in the denominational dispute, but 400 supporters of the Reformation were expelled from the city, who supported the "movement" above all in Switzerland, but also in neighboring towns. Thus Rottweil and the associated places remained Catholic until the 19th century.
Since 1821 and 1827, the Catholic parishes in today's urban area have belonged to the Rottenburg diocese . Rottweil became the seat of a deanery . All of today's Catholic parishes in the city area belong to it. They form several pastoral care units, so the parishes Heilig-Kreuz Rottweil, the parish Resurrection of Christ Rottweil, the parish St. Maria Hausen and the parish St. Peter and Paul Neukirch belong to the pastoral care unit IV. The other municipalities in the city are St. Pelagius Rottweil, St. Silvester Bühlingen, St. Michael Feckenhausen, St. Franziskus Xaverius Göllsdorf, St. Dionysius Neufra and St. Nikolaus Zepfenhan. The Deanery Rottweil belongs together with the Deanery Oberndorf to the Deanery Association Rottweil-Oberndorf, which has its seat in Rottweil.
Protestants moved to Rottweil again in the 19th century . From 1802, the Württemberg military in Rottweil were supplied from Flözlingen . The pastor of Flözlingen at the time, Amand Friedrich Landenberger, had to preach evangelically every four weeks in the "department store". There was an own garrison preacher from 1807. The first civil parish was established in 1818.
According to Kampitsch, in the 1830s it was considered to turn the Protestant community of Rottweil, which had 120 souls, into a branch in Flözlingen. This plan is said to have failed due to the resistance of the Flözlingers. In fact, in 1834, the Flözlinger community had 610 members and was numerically far superior to Rottweil.
The Protestant parish received the former Dominican monastery church as the city parish church. After the Second World War , three more parishes were established, the second in 1958, the third in 1978 and the fourth in 2000. The city church is the only Protestant church in the city. It also includes the Protestants who live in the Rottweiler districts and in some other neighboring communities. The parish of Rottweil belongs to the deanery Tuttlingen of the Evangelical Church in Württemberg .
In addition to the two large churches, there are also parishes in Rottweil that belong to free churches , including a free evangelical congregation . The New Apostolic Church is also represented in Rottweil.
politics
Municipal council
The local election on May 26, 2019 , with a voter turnout of 54.3% (2014: 46.9%), resulted in the following result (difference to the previous local election in 2014 in brackets):
| Party / list | Share of votes | Seats |
| CDU | 23.8% (- 4.9) | 6 seats (- 2) |
| FWV | 20.6% (- 4.8) | 5 seats (- 2) |
| SPD * | 16.1% (- 0.9) | 4 seats (± 0) |
| FDP | 9.5% (+ 2.6) | 3 seats (+ 1) |
| Forum for Rottweil (FFR) | 8.5% (- 0.7) | 2 seats (± 0) |
| GREEN | 18.4% (+ 5.6) | 5 seats (+ 2) |
| AfD | 3.2% (+ 3.2) | 1 seat (+ 1) |
Referendum
In September 2015 there was a referendum initiated by a referendum. The question was whether the new Rottweil correctional facility should be built on the Esch river. With a turnout of 48.5 percent, 58.4 percent voted in favor of the new building. The city of Rottweil received the “Democracy Rose” from the Baden-Württemberg state association Mehr Demokratie for its exemplary citizens' dialogue .
In spring 2017 there was a referendum initiated by the municipal council. The question was whether a 606 meter long pedestrian suspension bridge from a private investor should span the Neckar Valley and connect the historic old town with the 232 high Thyssenkrupp test tower for elevators. With a turnout of 48.4 percent, 71.6 percent of those who voted voted in favor of the building.
mayor
The administration of Rottweil was in the hands of different sexes until 1378. Opposite them were the guilds. Both of them agreed in 1379 that two guild masters from each guild would be elected as representatives in the council. The council consisted of a large council and a small council. The Grand Council had 80 members, and from 1480 only 52 members. The Small Council had 30 members. The highest officials of the city were mayor, chief bailiff, Pürschvogt, caste master, brotherhood and hospital chief nurses, chief builders and 18 guild masters who held their offices for life with the exception of mayor and mayor. The mayor and mayor changed annually and were elected in the choir of the Holy Cross Minster by “bean throwing”.
After the transition to Württemberg in 1803, the mayor led the city with the magistrate. In 1808 the city had a mayor, from 1822 a city school and from 1930 again a mayor at the head. There was also the local council .
After the population of Rottweiler exceeded the 20,000 mark in 1969, the city was therefore raised to a major district town on June 1, 1970 upon their application . Since then, the mayor of Rottweil has been named " Lord Mayor ". This is now directly elected by the electorate for a term of eight years. He is chairman of the municipal council. His general deputy is the 1st alderman with the official title " Mayor ".
In the Mayor election on April 5, 2009, the native Rottweiler Ralf Broß (independent) prevailed against his competitors, including incumbent Thomas Engeser, with 58.6 percent of the valid votes cast and a turnout of 50.9 percent. On May 7, 2017, Broß was re-elected in the first ballot.
coat of arms
The coat of arms of Rottweil shows a red armored and red-tongued black eagle in gold, the chest covered with a gold high cross. The black and yellow city colors used today in the flag were not officially determined.
The original city colors red and white are the colors of the former imperial cities. A return to this is currently taking place.
The imperial eagle symbolizes the former imperial city. The eagle can be traced back to the seals from 1280. In the 16th century, the high cross appeared next to the eagle to distinguish it. It is associated with the patronage of the Holy Cross of the parish church. There are various representations of the blazon. The current form of the coat of arms was established in 1955.
Town twinning
Rottweil maintains a city partnership with the following cities :
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Brugg , Switzerland , since 1913
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Imst , Austria , since 1964
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Hyères , France , since 1970
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L'Aquila , Italy , since 1988
Culture and sights
The place is on the German Clock Road . Worth seeing in this context
- Stone sundial on the Holy Cross Minster
- Sundial on the Zit coat of arms in the hall of the old town hall
- Sundial at the city archive at Engelgasse 13
- Saline clock in the Saline Museum (tower clock from the 18th century)
The medieval town center of Rottweil is particularly well looked after by the residents. In the area there is no other city of this size with a comparable preserved cityscape. Typical of Rottweil are the traufständigen town houses with numerous bay windows. The Holy Cross Minster , the chapel church with the famous tower, the preacher's church and the Lorenz chapel shape the silhouette of sacred buildings . Additional chapels once adorned the cityscape. Parts of the fortifications, the high tower, the powder tower, remains of the preacher's tower and the inner city black gate, originally the forest gate, have been preserved from the city fortifications. The high bridge can also be seen as part of the city fortifications. The 54 meter high tower is a Staufer humpback square tower with late Gothic superstructures. It served the city as a prison and was also used as a watchtower.
On the other hand, the Hochbrückor, the author at the end of the lower main street, the Flöttlinstor and the Neutor with the Red Tower in the Waldtorort, the quarter above the Black Gate, have gone. The Hochbrückor and the Flöttlinstor were demolished in 1824. Mehlsack and Johanniterturm were sold in the Thirty Years' War and like the Au- and Hochbrückor-Vorstadt were destroyed and razed during this time. The Johanniterturm was part of the Johanniter coming Rottweil. In 1643 the commander was badly damaged. These suburbs were also fortified and provided with gates and towers.
Small monuments also adorn the streetscape. In addition to the market fountain, the Christopherus fountain, the count fountain, the salt fountain and numerous other small fountains have been built again in the course of the past decades, following the old model. Other important fountains are still waiting to be reconstructed, including the Rössle fountain, the Capuchin fountain and the original hospital fountain.
Buildings
Secular buildings
The Black Gate , part of the Hohenstaufen fortification built in 1230, is the city's landmark .
Other important structures are the high tower, which is now used as a lookout tower, a 54 meter high humpback square tower from the 13th century, the old town hall, also from the 14th century, the high bridge over the deep moat and the former powder factory in Rottweil (Neckar valley). The former municipal gymnasium in Rottweil is now a listed building and is now used as a market hall. There are also numerous old residential buildings in the city.
The castle ruin Bernburg , a medieval castle ruin, is located on the northern outskirts of Rottweil.
The building of the Rottweil power plant, which was closed in 1975, with the 75 meter high chimneys at the entrance to the Neckartal business park is an industrial monument . Before that, the building from the beginning of the 20th century stood empty for a long time. The architecture of Paul Bonatz - who also designed Stuttgart Central Station - was left to decay. A new concept brought about change around the year 2000, not (?) For the power plant: a mixture of renovated buildings, ruins and construction sites characterizes the picture, parties and cultural events have been taking place in the power plant since then.
The Johanniterschule Rottweil is one of the first independently commissioned work by the brothers Paul and Karl Bonatz. The hospitals in Strasbourg were built at the same time as the building of the educational reform.
Sacred buildings
The main Catholic church in the city is the Minster Heilig Kreuz . It was probably built in the 12th century. The chapel church (Assumption of Mary) got its name from the place where a pilgrimage chapel stood with a healing spring for eye ailments that had long since dried up. The Nuremberg sculptor Johann Konrad Krausser created the high altar .
The Predigerkirche, the former Dominican monastery church, which was built in the 13th century and redesigned in 1753, has been Rottweil's Protestant town church since 1818.
Other churches are the Rest of Christ Church, built between 1710 and 1715 as a municipal votive church after the War of the Spanish Succession by Matthäus Scharpf , and the parish church of St. Pelagius in the old town, the oldest parish church in the whole area, which was built in the 11th century . The former St. Lorenz cemetery church has been used as the Lorenz Chapel Museum for decades. The former Cistercian monastery in Rottenmünster is now a hospital. The former Spital zum Hl. Geist is a retirement home.
There are the following churches in the districts:
- Catholic Church of St. Michael in Feckenhausen, built in 1871 after the previous church burned down.
- Catholic Church St. Xaver in Göllsdorf, built from 1952 to 1955. The old church was built in 1726 as a branch church of Rottweil-Altstadt.
- Catholic Church of Our Lady in Hausen ob Rottweil, built in 1857/1858 in place of an old chapel.
- Catholic parish church St. Dionysius in Neufra, built in 1813, but there was probably a church earlier. A chapel on the road to Aixheim was demolished in the 19th century.
- Catholic Church of St. Peter and Paul in Neukirch, built in 1737.
- Catholic Church of St. Nikolaus in Zepfenhan, built in 1953, but there was a church as early as 1789, the previous building of which is mentioned in 1684.
Museums
- Dominican Museum Rottweil
- Rottweil City Museum
- Doll and toy museum
- Lorenzkapelle art collection
- Saltworks Museum Unteres Bohrhaus
- Erich Hauser Sculpture Park
Test tower
The 246 meter high Thyssenkrupp test tower , the world's second highest test tower for elevator systems, is located in Rottweil . The construction is used for testing and certification of high-speed elevators. The public visitor platform at a height of 232 meters is the highest visitor platform in Germany. The tower was built by ThyssenKrupp Elevator AG from 2014 to 2017 . The design of the tower comes from the architect Helmut Jahn .
Carnival
The former Free Imperial City is known beyond the region for its carnival, which can look back on centuries of history and is one of the most magnificent of the Swabian-Alemannic carnival . Every year at the Rottweiler Narrensprung on Carnival Monday and Carnival Tuesday, 3,000 fools go through the Black Gate “d'Stadt nab”, and 20,000 spectators follow the hustle and bustle in the medieval town center. Together with the guilds from Elzach , Oberdorf and Lingen forming Narrenzunft Rottweil the four collar . The Rottweiler Narrenmarsch was composed in 1882 by Heinrich von Besele . Otto Wolf later wrote the text for the fool's march. In addition to the fool's march, the “Altjägermarsch”, the march of the volunteer hunters from the Wars of Liberation from 1813 to 1815, can be heard again and again during the parade .
Regular events
- Holiday magic
- Jazz festival
- Freckles Classical Festival
- Saukirbe (every two years in the Göllsdorf district)
- City festival (since 2003 every two years)
- Christmas Market
traffic
Rail transport
Rottweil is a regional railway junction , where today two until 1971 three railway lines clashed. Today Rottweil is an intercity stop and transfer station. The most important connection is the Gäubahn Stuttgart – Singen . The IC line runs from Zurich to Stuttgart every two hours . In addition, regional express trains run every hour on the Gäubahn towards Stuttgart or every two hours towards Singen . In Rottweil, the line from Villingen also meets the Gäubahn. Regional express trains run here from Rottweil via Villingen to Neustadt (Black Forest) . The former Balingen – Rottweil railway line is in operation from Balingen to Schömberg, but has been partially dismantled in the Rottweil district. Since the introduction of the ring train , the local transport connection from Rottweil to the south has improved significantly. New stops were created in Rottweil- Neufra , Rottweil- Göllsdorf and in Rottweil-Saline. Rottweil is incorporated into the Rottweil transport association .
Bus transport
In Rottweil there are 13 city bus routes that are operated independently by Stadtbus Rottweil GmbH . These connect the city center with the outskirts and all parts of the city.
Regional bus routes run from Rottweil to Balingen , Oberndorf (Neckar) and Schramberg, among others .
Road traffic
Rottweil can be reached by car via the Bodenseautobahn 81 Stuttgart– Singen , exit Rottweil. The city is located on the federal highway 27 between Schaffhausen and Stuttgart , on the B 14 , which leads from Stockach on Lake Constance via Tuttlingen to Rottweil and on via Horb am Neckar to Stuttgart, and on the B 462 from Rottweil through the Black Forest to Freudenstadt and Rastatt .
Bicycle traffic
Rottweil is located on the Neckar Valley Cycle Path along the Neckar via Horb , Tübingen , Stuttgart , Heilbronn and Heidelberg to Mannheim .
air traffic
In the neighboring village of Zepfenhan (approx. 12 km) is the small Rottweil-Zepfenhan airfield , which can be approached by small aircraft.
The closest commercial airport is Stuttgart Airport, and Zurich Airport is similarly far away.
Economy and Infrastructure
Courts, authorities and institutions
Rottweil is the seat of the Rottweil district in the Black Forest-Baar-Heuberg region , the Rottweil District Court , the Rottweil Regional Court and the Rottweil Public Prosecutor's Office. There is also a tax office , an employment agency , a criminal police department with a police station and a notary's office .
Until 1973, the city was the seat of the Rottweil Chamber of Commerce and Industry . Since then, the Schwarzwald-Baar-Heuberg Chamber of Commerce and Industry has been responsible for Rottweil.
media
The daily newspaper of the Schwarzwälder Bote , the Stadtanzeiger , the Neue Rottweiler Zeitung , the television station Regio TV Bodensee and the local station antenne 1 Neckarburg Rock & Pop report on local events in Rottweil online and once a week in the print edition .
Educational institutions
Rottweil has a state seminar for didactics and teacher training for elementary and secondary schools and for high schools. There is also the Bischöfliche Konvikt with student residence and the Rottweil Education Academy of the Constance Chamber of Crafts .
In general education schools, the city has three grammar schools (Albertus Magnus grammar school, Droste Hülshoff grammar school, Leibniz grammar school), a secondary school , a special school (Achert school), three primary schools (Eichendorff primary school, Neufra primary school and Neukirch primary school) as well as four primary and secondary schools (GHS Göllsdorf, Johanniter primary and secondary school, Konrad-Witz primary and secondary school and Römer primary and secondary school).
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The Rottweil district is responsible for the Erich-Hauser-Gewerbeschule (including a technical high school ), the Oswald-von-Nell-Breuning school (including a business high school , a biotechnological high school and a social science high school ), the Gustav Werner school for the developmentally disabled Children and young people and the nursing school at the Rottweil district hospital.
The private schools Maximilian-Kolbe-Grund- und Hauptschule in the district of Hausen and Waldorf-Schule in Rottweil-Altstadt, as well as the technical school for social pedagogy, the nursing school at the Vinzenz-von-Paul-Hospital and the ecumenical school kindergarten for the mentally handicapped complete the school offer Exit Rottweil. There is also an adult education center and a music school .
Former companies
- Moker
- KB Watches Rottweil
- Peter watches
- Rhodia
- Rottweil powder factory
- Brewery plow
Dog Rottweiler
The city name Rottweil is the namesake of the Rottweiler dog breed . For a long time, Rottweil was a center of the cattle trade, which was in the hands of butchers. The dogs served them as herding dogs and cattle dogs .
Personalities
The sculptor and graphic artist Erich Hauser is one of the honorary citizens of Rottweil . The city's best-known sons and daughters include Erwin Teufel , former Prime Minister of Baden-Württemberg, the writer Rüdiger Safranski , the singer Anne Haigis and soccer player Joshua Kimmich .
literature
- Florian Baedeker: Rottweil . Karl Baedeker, Freiburg 1980 ( Baedeker city guide )
- Winfried Hecht : Rottweil. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . 2014 .
- Entry Rottweil in Meyers Konversationslexikon , 4th ed. 1888–1889, Vol. 13, p. 1005.
- Württemberg city book. Volume IV Sub-Volume Baden-Württemberg, Volume 2 from the German City Book. Urban History Handbook. On behalf of the working group of historical commissions and with the support of the German Association of Cities, the Association of German Cities and the Association of German Municipalities, ed. by Erich Keyser. Stuttgart 1961.
- Stefan King: A foreign body in the cityscape? The house of the Rottweiler crossbowmen. Newsletter of the preservation of monuments in Baden-Württemberg, year 2018, issue 2, pp. 133-138 (PDF; 5.8 MB)
- Stefan King: "... Because now it's up to the mill". The Drehers and Kochlin mills on the Neckar in Rottweil. Newsletter of the preservation of monuments in Baden-Württemberg, year 2020, issue 3, pp. 160-164 (PDF; 14 MB)
Web links
- Internet presence of the city of Rottweil
- Rottweiler pictures
- Don't be afraid of the Rottweilers Neue Zürcher Zeitung , September 6, 2019
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ↑ History of Rottweil on leo-bw
- ↑ Regional studies BW at the regional center for political education Baden-Württemberg: Imperial cities
- ↑ Winfried Hecht: The Julius banner of the town facing Rottweil. In: Der Geschichtsfreund: Messages from the Central Switzerland Historical Association . 126/7 (1973/4). doi : 10.5169 / seals-118647
- ↑ Winfried Hecht : Rottweil. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . September 25, 2014 , accessed June 4, 2019 .
- ↑ NRWZ Verlag ( Memento of the original from May 25, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ See sit down, six! - School stories from Germany (1/3). Lost childhood . Documentary by Dora Heinze on behalf of SWR. German premiere on December 8, 2005
- ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation, Vol. I. Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 73
- ↑ a b c d Federal Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 532 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 515 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 516 .
- ↑ a b c d Anton Kampitsch (= small): Flozoluestale. Home memories for young and old . Ed .: Municipality of Flözlingen. Flözlingen 1924, p. 5, 22, 32-33, 39 .
- ↑ City of Rottweil - City Council Election 2019, final result , accessed on September 7, 2019
- ↑ The information and discussion platform for the new JVA in Rottweil am Esch jvarottweil.de, accessed on September 6, 2019
- ^ Dpa: Südwest: Clear majority for bridge construction in Rottweil. Badische Zeitung, March 20, 2017, accessed on March 20, 2017 .
- ↑ State Gazette No. 13 of April 9, 2009, page 10
- ↑ MAYOR ELECTION ROTTWEIL staatsanzeiger.de , accessed on September 6, 2019
- ↑ Rottweil high tower
- ↑ Rottweiler Pictures - The high bridge
- ↑ Rottweiler pictures - The Flöttlinstorstraße
- ^ History of Johanniterkommende Rottweil leo-bw.de, accessed on September 6, 2019
- ↑ The high tower on rottweil.net
- ^ Jak: Other industrial monuments in the region. Power plant in Rottweil . In: Südkurier of November 12, 2010
- ↑ Gerald Mager: Paul Bonatz and the construction of the Johanniterschule in Rottweil . Ed .: Johanniterschule Rottweil in cooperation with the Rottweil City Archives. Caritas St. Franziskus Werkstatt, Sigmaringen 2006, p. 6-130 .
- ↑ Homepage of the "Tower of light"
- ↑ Hauser am Steuer in the StadtBus from 7 June 2013
- ^ City of Rottweil - The Rottweiler dog
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