History of Bremerhaven

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Coat of arms Bremerhaven.svg

The history of Bremerhaven is also the history of the medieval towns of Lehe , Geestendorf and Wulsdorf , that of the founding of Bremerhaven, Geestemünde and the fishing port, as well as that of the other parts of the city and district today. From 1924 to 1947 there was the city of Wesermünde , consisting of Lehe and Geestemünde.

structure

Orientation to the city's history

Early history

In May 2019, archaeologists discovered the remains of a stable house from the Iron Age at a depth of 1.2 meters during excavations on Bütteler Straße in the Lehe district . In addition to other confirmed findings , such as storage pits and ceramic shards , a well from the last century BC First traces of settlement.

Middle Ages and Modern Times

Plan of the unfinished founding of the city of Carlsburg at the end of the 17th century

The oldest written record of the settlement of what is now Bremerhaven's urban area goes back to 1139. At that time, the church villages Geestendorf and Wulsdorf were mentioned in a document. The village of Lehe north of the Geeste , first mentioned in 1275, gained supra-local importance as an official seat and market place with minor-city rights. Politically, the area at the mouth of the Geeste has long been in conflict between the interests of the Archdiocese of Bremen and the city of Bremen , with Lehe trying to protect his rights several times through protection agreements with the Bremen Council .

In 1648/54 the area with the entire Archdiocese of Bremen came under the sovereignty of Sweden , which from 1672 wanted to establish a base with the fortress town of Carlsburg at the confluence of the Geeste into the Weser , but was unable to complete this project. In 1719, after a brief Danish occupation , the area was finally transferred to the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg - from 1814 Kingdom of Hanover  .

Bremerhaven is founded

Map of Bremerhaven from 1849

Because of the increasing siltation of the Weser , Bremen's first outer port, Vegesack, proved to be inadequate as early as the 18th century. After long, sometimes secret, negotiations, the Bremen Senate succeeded in buying 88.7 hectares of suitable land on the north side of the confluence of the Geeste into the Outer Weser from the Kingdom of Hanover  for 73,658 talers, 17 groschen and 1 pfennig, consisting of the derelict facilities the Carlsburg and the surrounding dike foreland. The purchase contract was signed on January 11, 1827 by the head of the Department of Foreign Affairs (Minister) of the Kingdom of Hanover Friedrich Franz Dieterich von Bremer and by the Mayor of Bremen Johann Smidt . The official handover to the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen took place on May 1, 1827. Then a first artificial harbor basin, the Old Harbor , was created and completed on September 1, 1830. The Bremisches Amtshaus at the harbor was the first solid stone building to be built in 1829 . In 1837 a provisional municipal code for Bremerhaven was introduced. The first bailiffs who advanced the construction of the city were Johann Heinrich Castendyk from 1827 to 1832 and Johann Daniel Thulesius from 1832 to 1850 .

In 1842 the publisher Paulus Friedrich Lamberti brought out the Bremerleher weekly newspaper intended for Bremerhaven , which was sold to the Nordsee-Zeitung in 1869 under the name Volksblatt an der Nordsee and Volksblatt an der Weser and ceased to appear.

In 1845 the Kingdom of Hanover founded a new settlement in the south of Bremerhaven north of the old Geestendorf settlement on the south side of the mouth of the Geeste and built a port on the banks of the Geeste to compete with Bremerhaven. The new system was named Geestemünde on June 26, 1847 . The Hanoverian Fort Wilhelm (built in 1834), as well as the dock battery (built in 1849 at the New Harbor) and the tower fort (completed in 1865) were supposed to protect the harbors, but were never used, but were left without a fight in the war between Prussia and Austria in 1866 Prussian troops occupied.

In 1847 Bremerhaven became the starting point for the first steamship line from Europe to America with the Washington . The place soon developed into an important overseas port. The New Harbor was built from 1847 to 1852. It was 480 meters long and 90 meters wide. In 1849/50 the largest building in the city at that time was erected at the current location of the university with the emigration center, which served this purpose until 1865. 283,415 people were accommodated here. In 1854, 76,875 people emigrated from Bremerhaven; the port thus became the largest emigration port in Europe. Thereafter the house was a barracks until 1886 and a brewery building from 1892 to 1974.

Between 1848 and 1852 the city was the seat of the Seezeugmeisterei, the arsenal of the German imperial fleet during the Schleswig-Holstein uprising . In 1851 ships from Admiral Brommy's fleet passed through the new iron lock to the New Harbor , measuring 230 x 85 meters. The navy was auctioned in Bremerhaven in 1852/53.

In 1850 Geestemünde was raised to a rural community in the Amt Lehe . On October 18, 1851, after considerable pressure from the population, Bremerhaven received a new city constitution and city charter in place of the provisional municipal code of 1837 . The rights of the bailiff Dr. Georg Wilhelm Gröning (1817–1871) and the local council were significantly strengthened. This constitution was valid until 1879. From 1861 to 1905, the Bremerhaven area was expanded several times; 1861 by 21 hectares.

Growth in Bremerhaven

Until 1918

The terminal building of the North German Lloyd at the New Harbor
Bremerhaven market square around 1880 (later Theaterplatz, today Theodor-Heuss-Platz)

The North German Lloyd (NDL) had a significant influence on the economic development of the city. In 1858 a regular service between the New Harbor in Bremerhaven and New York was established with the 2,674  GRT steamers Bremen and New York . In the following years passenger connections to Baltimore and New Orleans were added. In 1862 Bremerhaven received the Geestebahn from Bremen, an important railway connection for passenger traffic. In 1863, the NDL set up two repair workshops at the Old Harbor and the New Harbor . In 1881 the NDL was the largest shipping company in the world. The Kaiserhafen I was built from 1876 to 1879, then the Kaiserschleuse until 1897 and the Kaiserhäfen II and III until 1907 and 1909.

Bremerhaven's water supply has been from Lehe since 1853, where Schwoon's water tower (expanded in 1902) was built in Hafenstrasse . The pipeline network has been expanded since the 1870s, and in 1885 Bremerhaven took over the water supply through a waterworks in Langen and the water tower Langener Landstrasse .

The correspondence sheet for Bremerhaven was published in 1856. In 1866 the Nordsee-Zeitung was founded by the mayor Johann Bohls and AE Lachmann in Geestemünde. In 1895 Josef Ditzen founded the Nordwestdeutsche Zeitung in Bremerhaven. After 1947 this became the regional newspaper for the whole of Bremerhaven with the name Nordsee-Zeitung .

The Bremerhaven lighthouse , planned by Simon Loschen , was built in 1854. Since 1857 there has been a small beacon on the old pier at the entrance to the old harbor (painting by Carl Fedeler ); since 1914, the existing Geestemole North beacon has been located further west instead .

In 1855 the Mayor Smidt Memorial Church, built according to plans by Loschen, was inaugurated. In 1863 the first small Lutheran was Cross Church on the corner of Long Street (now Rampenstraße) / Keilstrasse inaugurated. In 1864 Leher Strasse was renamed Bürgermeister-Smidt-Strasse ; later she was briefly called the citizens . In 1864, Schleusenstrasse was expanded and now named Lloydstrasse . The gasworks at Bürgermeister-Donandt-Platz had been in operation since 1865, and the first gas lamps in town and kerosene lamps at the harbor were on. The new giant crane from 1866 at the New Harbor could carry 45 tons . Lehe and Geestemünde became Prussian .

In 1867, two new urban school buildings were inaugurated: the elementary school on Langen Straße (today Prager Straße ) and the Realschule (previously a community school) on Grünen Straße (today Grazer Straße ) (later a secondary girls' school). In 1869 the trade association founded the trade school. Doris Bertholdi's daughter school from 1839, now under the direction of Anton Koch, moved to a new building on the Grünen, today Grazer Straße. The Bremerhaven City Theater was founded in 1867 ; In 1911 today's venue was built according to plans by Oskar Kaufmann .

In 1873 the sewer system up to Lloydstrasse was completed. A boys' school on Grenzstraße ( Goethe School from 1910 ), the city library and the Museum of Natural History and Ethnology were opened.

In 1874 the National Liberals received 68% and the Social Democrats ( SDAP ) 32% of the vote in the Reichstag elections . In 1877 the National Liberals got 60% and the SDAP 40% of the vote.

The Simson and the Moselle shortly before the bomb attack on the quay in Bremerhaven

In 1875 the Thomas disaster struck , in which a bomb left 81 dead and 200 injured. The Canadian William King Thomas wanted to blow up the Mosel ship for the purpose of insurance fraud on the open sea. The explosive device detonated while the ship was being loaded.

In 1876 the Kaiserhafen I (600 × 115 meters) was completed as the third port basin with the small Kaiserschleuse after three years of construction.

On October 1, 1879, a new city constitution came into force, according to which Bremerhaven in the state of Bremen was given further independence. In 1880, the lawyer Hermann Gebhard was appointed full-time city ​​director , who held the office until 1890. The first city coat of arms was awarded by the Senate. At the same time, the neighboring Hanoverian / Prussian municipality of Lehe received city-like rights. Lehe had refused the offered town charter in 1834 and 1848/49 .

In 1879 the navigation school was built on Bussestrasse, which in 1884 became the municipal technical center .

The first horse-drawn tram, which later became the Bremerhaven tram , ran from the former Geestemünde train station on Bahnhofsallee (today Klußmannstrasse) through old Bremerhaven to Wurster Strasse in Lehe since 1881 . In 1908 it was converted to an electric tram . Trams ran in Bremerhaven until 1982.

In 1882 a hospital was built on Bogenstrasse with donations from Rickmers . The Realschule was expanded into a grammar school. In 1883 the telephone line from Bremen to Bremerhaven was opened, at that time the longest telephone line in Germany. 24 participants got a connection.

In 1884, Friedrich Busse from Geestemünder commissioned a deep-sea fish steamer from the Wencke shipyard in Bremerhaven. After its commissioning, it became a major fishmonger.

The community Geestendorf was incorporated into Geestemünde on April 1, 1889, which had about 15,000 inhabitants.

In 1890, the Städtische Sparkasse Bremerhaven was opened in the town hall an der Bürger. Previously, two private savings banks had been founded in 1866 and 1869, and three banks in 1869, 1873 and 1888. In 1904, the Städtische Sparkasse moved into its own building in the neo-renaissance style at Bürger Nr. 24. In 1939 it was transferred to the Städtische Sparkasse Wesermünde , from which in 1947 the Städtische Sparkasse Bremerhaven became. The first professional fire brigade was founded in Bremerhaven in 1893.

In 1897, Norddeutsche Lloyd put the express steamer Kaiser Wilhelm der Große into service, which won the Blue Ribbon for the fastest Atlantic crossing from Bremerhaven to New York. Three more passenger steamers followed by 1907, the Crown Prince Wilhelm , the Kaiser Wilhelm II and the Crown Princess Cecilie .

Bremerhaven around 1901
1900: Adoption of the German East Asian Expeditionary Corps by Kaiser Wilhelm II.

On July 27, 1900, Kaiser Wilhelm II came to Bremerhaven and gave his so-called Huns speech here . The reason for the speech was the adoption of the German East Asian Expeditionary Corps to suppress the Boxer Rebellion in the Chinese Empire . As a result of this uprising, the imperial postal service to China was reinforced by 14 Lloyd ships from 1900 .

At the instigation of Wilhelm Klußmann , the rural community of Geestemünde with around 27,000 inhabitants received city rights in 1913 (independent city). On April 1, 1920 Lehe became an independent city , and Wulsdorf (4,830 inhabitants) became a district of the independent city of Geestemünde. In 1919 the joint labor court in Lehe was established for the areas of Bremerhaven, Lehe and Geestemünde as well as the districts of Lehe and Geestemünde. Two sports clubs merged in 1919 to form the General Gymnastics and Sports Club Bremerhaven from 1859 (ATSB). The adult education center was opened in Bremerhaven.

1918 to 1924

On November 6, 1918, a workers 'and soldiers' council was formed on the Unterweser , the chairman of which was the union secretary August Stampe ( MSPD ). The council issues a memorandum on cooperation between the Lower Weser towns. In January 1919, 20,000 citizens took part in a rally by the workers' council, the trade unions and the majority Social Democratic Party (MSPD), which was directed against communist and Spartacist policies. In the subsequent elections to the German National Assembly , the MSPD received 51.1%, the bourgeois parties 35.7% and the USPD 13.2% of the votes. In the Bremerhaven workers' council there are 15 representatives from the MSPD and 6 from the USPD and the communists. In February 1919 soldiers of the Gerstenberg division under Colonel Wilhelm Gerstenberg occupied the Lower Weser cities as part of the crackdown on the Bremen Soviet Republic . In the elections to the Bremen National Assembly in March 1919, five MPs from the MSPD, two from the USPD and one civil representative (Waldemar Becké) are elected from Bremerhaven. August Stampe (MSPD) became the first senator in the Senate of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen to come from Bremerhaven in April 1919 .

In 1921, Lehe and Bremerhaven founded a gas community with the Hansastraße gas works. And the buildings of the gas works at Wischacker in Lehe were sold to Seebeck. The Volksbühne Bremerhaven was founded in 1921. In 1922 a new city constitution for Bremerhaven was passed. The customs inland station closed in 1923 and the sports clubs ATSB , Bremerhaven 93 and SC Sparta set up a sports facility on the former marshalling area from 1926. The Zollinlandstadion was later the center of the upper football teams and had a grandstand from 1956 to around 1980 (?). In 1925 the first bus line ran from the main train station to Schiffdorf. The police barracks on Kaiserstraße (today Bürger ) were moved into. In 1927 the tram network was 39 kilometers long.

Creation of the Wesermünde (1924–1945)

Weserbad, water level indicator and pilot house (1926)
Bremen (above) and Europe (1930)

On November 1, 1924, the neighboring Prussian cities of Lehe with around 40,000 inhabitants and Geestemünde with around 30,000 inhabitants were united to form the city of Wesermünde . Walter Delius ( DVP , from 1933 NSDAP ), Mayor or Lord Mayor of Geestemünde since 1917, was Lord Mayor of the new city of Wesermünde from 1924 to 1945. Bremerhaven continued to belong to the Hanseatic City of Bremen until 1939.

In 1925, the first Bremerhaven bus route to Schiffdorf was set up. On April 1, 1927, Weddewarden, Schiffdorferdamm and Speckenbüttel were incorporated into Wesermünde. From the Weddewarden airfield from 1926 there were connections to Heligoland and the East Frisian Islands . In 1927 the non-profit housing welfare organization Bremerhaven / Wesermünde was founded by the tenants' association. The town hall at the Alten Volksgarten on Deichstrasse was inaugurated. In 1928 the animal grottoes in the Zoo am Meer with the North Sea Aquarium from 1913 on the outer dyke area of ​​the Weser were opened and enlarged soon afterwards. After Georg Seebeck's death in 1928, the Seebeck shipyard became part of Deschimag , which was founded in 1926 .

The second Weser correction, which was completed by 1928/29 according to plans by Strombauirektor Ludwig Plate , also gave the Outer Weser a deeper channel depth for larger ships. In 1929 and 1930 the two passenger steamers Bremen and Europa started from Bremerhaven; each received the Blue Ribbon . From 1925 to 1927 the Columbuskaje and from 1928 to 1931 the Nordschleuse with the turning basin for the large ships were built and in 1930 the Kaiserdock II of the NDL was enlarged to 335 in length. In 1930, 811.00 tons were handled in the ports of Bremerhaven. The state of Prussia and the Hanseatic City of Bremen decided to found the Fischereihafen-Wesermünde-Bremerhaven GmbH in 1930 and the fishing port in the Old Port was given up in 1935.

In 1938 the port area of ​​Bremerhaven was spun off and attached to the city of Bremen ( Stadtbremisches Überseehafengebiet Bremerhaven ). On November 1, 1939, Bremerhaven and Wesermünde were merged. The new city with over 100,000 inhabitants called Wesermünde belonged to the Prussian province of Hanover. The grammar school in Bremerhaven was named Mayor Smidt School in 1938 , a high school for boys . The Bremerhaven post office was located on the northern Kaiserstraße (today Bürger ) since 1939

The express steamer Bremen burned down by arson in March 1941 at the Columbuskaje . Despite strong fortifications by the naval flak , 52 air raids were carried out on Wesermünde during World War II . 97% of the buildings were destroyed in the city center, 75% in Geestemünde and 56.5% in the whole of Wesermünde. By January 1945, 1,142 people had died. On May 7, 1945 British troops occupied the city. The American forces replaced the British in May 1945.

Nazi era

The National Socialism in Bremerhaven is in 1922 demonstrated. From February 1933 communists, social democrats, trade unionists and others were persecuted by the national socialists .

After the Second World War

Change of occupation in Bremerhaven with, among others, Lieutenant General Brian Horrocks (GB), Major General HA McMillan (GB) and Major General CH Gerhardt (USA)

US troops base

After 1945 Bremerhaven became an enclave of the American zone of occupation in the British zone. The USA needed a supply port in northern Germany as a port of embarkation in order to be able to handle the supply of their units, which are mainly stationed in southern Germany, by sea. From 1945 to 1994, the American Carl Schurz barracks in Weddewarden organized supplies for the US troops in Germany. American Forces Network broadcast radio broadcasts for US troops until 1993. The Americans moved their supplies by air via the Rhein-Main Air Base in the 1960s . The airfield in Weddewarden and the many apartment blocks of the soldiers' families in Lehe and Geestemünde were gradually abandoned. In 1983, as part of the campaign against the MGM-31 Pershing, blockades were organized on the Mutlanger Heide and in Bremerhaven / Nordenham. 30,000 people surrounded the US barracks in protest against the deployment of medium-range missiles and blocked the port.

Reconstruction of Bremerhaven

On 21 January 1947 the American military governor in Germany was the declaration no. 3, the city Wesermünde retroactive to Jan. 1, 1947 incorporated in the state of Bremen and on 10 March 1947 the Senate of Bremen in Bremerhaven renamed. In May 1947, the city council introduced the new coat of arms with the cog and three sails. The city adopted a new constitution on October 1, 1947, based on the Bremen state constitution . Bremerhaven had around 115,000 inhabitants in 1947; around 170,000 people lived in the settlement area. On February 13, 1947, the Bremen citizenship (state parliament) met again for the first time with twenty members from Bremerhaven . In 1947 the adult education center was re-established under the direction of Ella Kappenberg (1897–1988). On October 27, 1947, the first issue of the liberal-conservative Nordsee-Zeitung reappeared with the subheading: "Independent, impartial, uncensored newspaper".

Since December 1948 shipbuilding began again in the shipyards. In 1948, the Bremerhaven 93 football team was promoted to the Oberliga Nord ; at that time the highest league in northern Germany. The passenger Appendix I to the Columbus was built since 1949th Trolleybuses ran for the first time from the main train station to the town hall via Stresemannstrasse in 1949 . A banana steamer returned to the port at the end of 1949. In 1950 there were already 118 fish steamers stationed in the fishing port, around half of the German fishing fleet. The fishing port was expanded, initially with Hall X-North. The Fischereihafen motorcycle races have been held annually since 1948. The district of Wesermünde surrounding the city was able to operate its district building in Borriesstrasse again in 1950. The commercial schools have been teaching in the building of the former grammar school on Grazer Straße since 1950 . In the Bürgerpark, the radio mast has broadcast programs from Radio Bremen since 1950 . The Seebeck am Markt am Markt was opened in 1950. In the 1950s there were 14 cinemas in the city, none of them in Bremerhaven-Mitte. These included the cinemas Admiral, Aladin , Astoria, Atlantis, Capitol, Central / City, Elektra, Europa / Apollo, Gloria / Cinema, Kamera, Odeon, Rex, Tivoli, Wulsdorfer / Weser Lichtspiele , the station cinema in the main train station and the Schauburg in der Johannesstrasse.

Karl Franzius played a major role in the rebuilding of Bremerhaven, especially the buildings on Bürgermeister-Smidt-Strasse.

Schools: The old Leher school from 1801/1861 became a primary school in 1945 as the Zwingli school. The housekeeping schools on Grenzstraße and the Allmersschule in Geestendorf were inaugurated in 1951 and the commercial schools on Max-Eyth-Platz in 1953. This was followed in 1952 by the Weddewarden School and the Hermann Löns School in Geestemünde, in 1954 the Schiller School on Lloydstraße, in 1956 the Goetheschule on Deichstraße and the Kant School on Flensburger Straße, in 1957 the Gorch-Fock School on Klußmannstraße in Geestemünde, the Gaußschule I and II on Gaußstrasse in Lehe and the young fishing school on the Sea dike (until 1962), in 1958 the Wilhelm Busch School on the street Auf der Bult in Grünhöfe.

In 1952, the passenger facility I of the extended Columbuskaje and the expansion of Rickmersstraße were completed as well as the new main office of the Sparkasse an der Bürger (expansion in 1960) and the nautical school on Bussestraße. The Stadttheater Bremerhaven , which was destroyed in 1944 , opened on April 12, 1952 with 747 seats with Mozart's opera Don Giovanni . In 1955 the small house of the city theater followed. In 1953, Regional Bishop Hanns Lilje re- inaugurated the heavily damaged, renovated St. Paul's Church in Lehe. In 1953, the world's first rescue cruiser , the Bremen , was stationed in Bremerhaven. In the Blink affair of 1954, residents and political groups, as well as later the shipyard workers, successfully demonstrated against the expropriation of homes for the US troops. In 1955 the first high-rise in Bremerhaven was built in the open area ; In 1960 another three high-rise buildings followed on Deichstrasse . Bremerhaven 93 played in the final round of the German soccer championship in 1955. In 1956 the newly built Stadtbad opened in Mitte, which was closed in 1986. From 1956 the vehicle registration number AE (American Enclave) was replaced by HB. In 1957, the narrower city bypass was completed as Bundesstraße 6 with Stremannstraße from the town hall to the flute keel . In 1957 the picturesque witch's bridge over the Geeste disappeared . Since 1959 the fair has been held on the new fairground next to Melchior-Schwoon-Straße.

expansion

On the basis of the Bremerhaven 1958 economic plan, within the framework of the Federal Building Act of 1960, the city planner Ernst May commissioned the city planner to draw up a land use plan (general development plan ) for the entire city area. An economic report from Isenberg and a transport report from Leibbrandt completed the plan. Through May's plans, the Mitte district was consistently aligned with the Weser and the harbor basins in front of it.

1960

In 1960 the new ship engineering school on Columbusstrasse began teaching. This became the Bremerhaven University of Applied Sciences in 1975 . The mayor-Smidt-Gedächtniskirche was rededicated in 1960. In 1961 the tide barrier at Buschkämpen was completed and the Schiffdorf lock on the Geeste was closed. At the same time, the storm surge structure on the Geeste was put into operation. During the great storm surge in 1962 on February 16, 1962, the barrage and the use of many helpers at the dike breaches in various places (including the water level indicator in Mitte and Weddewarden) prevented an otherwise safe disaster. The flood reached a level of 5.35 m above sea ​​level here . The Kennedy Bridge over the Geeste barrage was completed in 1963. From 1963 to 1965 the 105 m high radar tower was built on the Geeste and in 1964 the lighthouse Alte Weser and the lighthouse Tegeler Plate at the mouth of the Weser. In 1965, therefore, the lightship Bremen III was drafted.

The Morgenstern Museum has had new exhibition rooms at Kaistraße 5–6 since 1961. In 1964 the new art gallery planned by Müller-Menckens was inaugurated on Theodor-Heuss-Platz. The ore port of Weserport and the car transshipment point in the north port also became operational in 1964. From 1966 the city library used its new building on Torfplatz. The natural gas pipeline has been in operation since 1966 and the Schulstrasse gasworks was closed. In 1966, Columbusstrasse was expanded as a Hafenrandstrasse. In 1969 the grammar school started teaching at the former school for young fishers.

The Blue Ribbon ship United States and, since 1959, the Lloyd ship Bremen call at Bremerhaven regularly. 1961-1962 was the station by the sea at the Columbus Quay rebuilt. In 1971 the first berths at the container terminal went into operation and Mayor Hans Koschnick (SPD) inaugurated the terminal. The longest river quay in the world (almost 5 km) has now been expanded in sections. In 2007 sea freight handled over 50 million tons.

1970

In 1970 the city ​​administration of Bremerhaven expanded with the eight-storey office building between the existing city houses 1 and 2. The administrative levels in Bremerhaven were divided into two city districts, nine city districts and 24 districts in 1971.

German Maritime Museum

With the German Maritime Museum based on plans by Hans Scharoun in collaboration with the Bremerhaven architect Helmut Bohnsack, the seaside city received the most important maritime museum in Germany in 1973/75. In 1974 the new town hall, a multi-purpose hall in Lehe on Stresemannstrasse, opened; In 1977 the neighboring artificial ice rink followed, which in 2011 became the Bremerhaven ice arena with 4254 seats. In 1974 the federal highway 27 around Bremerhaven was completed. At the beginning of the 1974/75 school year, the upper levels of five of the six Bremerhaven high schools were merged into three schools. The Bremerhaven University of Applied Sciences was founded in 1975 and thereafter constantly expanding. Gottfried Böhm designed the central building. The North Sea Stadium with halls and sports pool was completed in 1975 and the old Zollinlandplatz closed at the same time . In 1976, a large storm surge with a lot of damage had to be weathered.

Reinkenheide Clinic

In 1976 the Reinkenheide Central Hospital went into operation with over 700 beds. The Leher Hospital was therefore closed (today the Health Department) and the hospital was demolished in mid-1977. The waste incineration plant at the Mitte motorway exit burned the first garbage in 1976. The Columbus Center, designed by Peter Weber, was operational in 1977/79. In 1977 the youth hostel opened on Gaußstrasse. The section of the federal motorway 27 from Bremerhaven to Bremen has existed since 1977 and the section to Cuxhaven since 1981. Until 1977 Bremerhaven was the administrative seat of the Lower Saxony district of Wesermünde . The OSC Bremerhaven rose in 1977 and for the second time in 1979 in the 2nd Bundesliga and in 1978 and 1980 again. In 1978 the first section of the citizens' pedestrian zone was completed and in 1985 the roofing of the footpath between Theodor-Heuss-Platz and Lloydstrasse was completed. The container observation tower at the Nordschleuse was built in 1979.

AWI Bremerhaven from 1980

1980

In 1980 the central fire station on the Geeste was inaugurated and next to it the central bus depot of the Bremerhaven transport company (VGB). The old Hauptwache fire brigade from 1901 was demolished. In 1980 the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) was founded. In 1986, according to plans by Oswald Mathias Ungers, the main building of the AWI was completed at the Old Harbor. In 1984 the Lloydt shipyard was founded as a merger between Hapag-Lloyd and Bremer Vulkan . Since 1984 the animal grottos have been called the Zoo by the Sea . According to the plans of the architect Gottfried Böhm , the first buildings for the Bremerhaven University of Applied Sciences were completed by 1985. In 1986 a place at the city theater was named Erich-Koch-Weser-Platz after the city director from 1909 to 1913 Koch-Weser ; a sculpture of him was put up. The sculpture for the memorial for the victims of National Socialism from 1986 is by Waldemar Otto . The Stadtbad Mitte was closed. In 1987 the Wesermünde tax office was inaugurated in the former district building on Borriesstrasse. In 1987 the Technical Naval School from 1935 relocated its training services to Kiel. The old Lunesiel has had its day, as the mouth of the Lune now flows into a sluice near Büttel / Neuenlande . In 1988 the Schichau and Seebeck shipyards merged to form the Schichau Seebeck shipyard.

1990

The new building for the Historical Museum Bremerhaven was built in 1991 according to plans by Wolfgang Bendig an der Geeste for the former Morgenstern Museum . In 1996 the Atlanticum was created in the Forum Fischbahnhof as an adventure center on the subject of fish and fishing. In the early 1990s, the Bremerhaven employment office was established on the site of the former Rickmers shipyard. The preserved portal of the Rickmerswerft from 1857 is a reminder of the shipyard location

German emigration center

2000

The Museum of German Emigration Center was built in 2005 based on plans by Andreas Heller at the New Harbor. From 2001 to 2005 the traditional Theodor Storm School in Lehe was closed and the theo district center was set up in the building in 2007 . In 2004, the upper levels of the Mayor Smidt School Center (formerly Bremerhaven grammar school ) were merged with the Pestalozzischule grammar school . The school was named Lloyd Gymnasium Bremerhaven ; the elementary school is now called the Pestalozzi School. In 2007 the new art museum Bremerhaven was inaugurated in Mitte. In 2009, according to plans by Thomas Klumpp, the Bremerhaven Climate House was opened as a scientific exhibition center.

On October 29, 2019, the state of Bremen took over 1.7 billion euros in debts from Bremerhaven, which became debt-free from 2020 onwards, following an administrative agreement.

Luneplate

Areas according to the State Treaty are
red for Bremen,
blue for Lower Saxony

On October 18, 1979, Bremen's Mayor Hans Koschnick and Lower Saxony's Prime Minister Ernst Albrecht signed the first administrative agreement on industrial settlements on Luneplate .

On May 5, 2009, Lower Saxony's Prime Minister Christian Wulff and the President of the Bremen Senate, Jens Böhrnsen, signed the State Treaty between the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen and the State of Lower Saxony on changing the joint state border . The main object is the transfer of the Great Luneplate to the state of Bremen. The largest part of this approx. 14.7 km² area serves as a compensation area for the expansion of container terminal  IV and is therefore watered again ; but there are also large commercial waiting areas. In addition, other areas are being exchanged: The Reithufer area is going to Bremen, the Siedewurt area is going to Lower Saxony. At the Bremerhaven-Wulsdorf motorway junction , the border will be straightened and adjusted to the junction.

Both state parliaments have approved the treaty. The Bremen law on the State Treaty allocates the new areas to the city of Bremerhaven. The State Treaty entered into force on January 1, 2010 and was carried out with a ceremony on January 11, 2010.

According to the contract, the area of ​​Bremerhaven will increase by a total of 14,953,048 m². That is an increase of almost 19 percent over the previous area.

Church history

Evangelical Church from 1827

The predominantly Protestant population had initially been parish in the northern parish of Lehe since it was founded. Lehe was a predominantly Reformed settlement in which the Reformation had been introduced as early as 1520 . During the Swedish rule, however, the Lutheran creed was predominant.

From 1846 the Protestant Mayor Smidt Memorial Church was built, at which a United Congregation consisting of Lutheran and Reformed congregation members was created, which belonged to the Bremen Evangelical Church from the beginning and is still the only parish of this regional church in Bremerhaven. A Lutheran congregation split off from it in 1855.

The parishes founded later, such as the Kreuzkirche built in 1863 as well as the parishes of the city of Wesermünde and its Lutheran predecessor parishes in Geestemünde and Lehe belonged to the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Hanover . The Reformed congregations belong to the Evangelical Reformed Church .

Catholic Church from 1827

After 1827 the Roman Catholic Church came to Bremerhaven as a clear minority . In 1867, St. Mary's Church was the first to be built in neo-Gothic style. The community was a subsidiary of St. Johann in Bremen in ( Diocese of Osnabrück ) and in 1902 became an independent parish. This was followed by the neo-Gothic Herz-Jesu-Kirche in Geestemünde, which was consecrated by Bishop Adolf Bertram on September 17, 1911, and in 1911 the neo-Gothic Herz-Jesu-Kirche in Lehe . Today the parishes of Bremerhaven belong to the Dean's office of Bremerhaven of the Diocese of Hildesheim .

Sports history of Bremerhaven

The pedagogue Dr. Justus Lion (1829–1901) was the driving force behind the development of sport in Bremerhaven in the 19th century. In 1858 he became a teacher at the secondary school in Bremerhaven. He knew how to get the citizens and students excited about the new sports movement. As early as 1859 he founded the Gymnastics Club Bremerhaven with 64 men , which later became the ATSB and now the OSC Bremerhaven . The first statute of the association said: "The purpose of the association is only physical exercise". He countered efforts that sport could only be settled in a military association. So the club split up and in 1860 a general gymnastics and defense club Bremerhaven was founded, but it returned to the gymnastics club Bremerhaven in 1867 . After the Second World War , there were some areas of sport in which Bremerhaven teams and athletes excelled and excelled. Bremerhaven 93 played a significant role in football in the 1950s. In dance sport, TSG Bremerhaven dominated the scene in Germany and around the world from 1977 to 2007, as did Andrea and Horst Beer . In ice hockey , REV Bremerhaven has been established since 1994 - as Fischtown Pinguins since 2002 - in the highest leagues and as a basketball team , OSC Bremerhaven has been able to convince since 1981, since 2001 as the Eisbären Bremerhaven .

In 2012, around 37,000 people regularly played sport in the 90 clubs of the Bremerhaven District Sports Association (KSB). In Bremerhaven there are 39 gymnasiums and sports halls (including school gyms), 18 sports grounds, 8 swimming pools, 14 water sports facilities, 6 shooting sports facilities, several tennis facilities as well as the town hall with the ice rink in Lehe, the roller sports facility in the Bürgerpark, the dance center in Mitte and boxing Center in Geestemünde.

Stadtbad

Stadtbad

The city director Hermann Gebhard pursued the construction of a covered bathing establishment next to the Weserbad in the 1880s. He set up a commission to collect signatures and funds. The Association for the Promotion of the People's Welfare only had to pay half the price for the property in Bremen. The city council granted a building loan. Although the city supplied the water free of charge, Marienbad made considerable losses. In 1898 the city refused to take over. Ten years later things were better. because four swimming clubs used the indoor pool; but with the steadily growing population of Bremerhaven, Lehe and Geestemünde it became too small. Destroyed by the air raids on Wesermünde in September 1944, Marienbad was transferred to the city by the People's Welfare Association after the Second World War. An outdoor swimming pool was built from the rubble in 1948 . Kurt Schultze , qualified gynecologist and chief physician at Leh Hospital, headed the Society for the Promotion of the Construction of an Indoor Swimming Pool in Bremerhaven . From July 1954, the new municipal swimming pool was founded and built according to a construction plan by the city administration . It stood on a 2500 m 2 site next to the Bremerhaven City Theater and across from the Karlsburg brewery . With an enclosed space of 36,250 m 3 , the construction costs amounted to 3.3 million German marks . The Stadtbad was opened on August 19, 1956 and closed after 30 years. In its place is the Bremerhaven University of Applied Sciences .

Roller skating rink

Roller skating rink (1947)

On the eastern edge of the Bürgerpark, behind the Geestemünder SC sports complex , was the Bremerhaven roller skating rink run by the Bremerhaven Roller and Ice Skating Club (RSCB). After the damage in the Second World War, it was poorly restored in 1947. The new building brought a great boost to roller sports. At German championships, the youngsters took the top places. The revues of the "owls" were popular. Roller hockey was also played . Today the facility is concreted and roofed. The ERC Bremerhaven maintains a club house. Astrid Bader (1965–1968) and later Michael Butzke (1979–1982) became world champions in roller art several times .

City Hall

bowling

"Fun Bowling" (2017)

Thanks to the many US soldiers, Lehe (Bremerhaven) received a “bowling alley” in the 1960s. Located not far from the American apartment blocks on Langener Landstrasse, it was one of the first in Germany. She was extremely popular with the Bremerhaveners.

ice Hockey

societies

TVL gym (Batteriestraße)
  • In 1835 the Leh shooting festival took place in Speckenbütteler Holz.
  • The Bremerhaven rifle club and the Geestendorf rifle club were founded in 1848 . The shooting range was built on Siebenbergensweg in Lehe-Speckenbüttel.
  • In 1859, the Turnverein Bremerhaven (TVB) was founded on the initiative of Justus Lion . In 1919 this became the General Gymnastics and Sports Association ( ATS Bremerhaven (ATSB)).
  • In 1860 the General Gymnastics and Defense Association Bremerhaven was founded, but in 1867 it returned to the Bremerhaven Gymnastics Association .
  • In 1861 the men's gymnastics club Geestendorf was founded . In 1866 he joined forces with the Geestemünde Gymnastics Club (GTV).
  • TV Wulsdorf was founded in 1861 and later renamed SV Wulsdorf . In 1939, the SV Wulsdorf were merged with the VfL Wulsdorf, the gymnastics club Gut Heil and the gymnastics and sports association Wulsdorf to form TSV Wulsdorf .
  • In 1861 the Wulsdorf rifle club was founded .
  • The men's gymnastics club in Geestendorf (TVG) was founded in 1862 .
  • The Geestemünder Turnverein (GTV) was founded in 1862 .
  • In 1866 the two clubs merged to form the Geestendorf-Geestemünder Turnverein GGTV, which was then renamed the Geestemünder Turnverein (GTV) in 1890 . In 1896 he took up women's gymnastics.
  • In 1869 the Turnverein Lehe (TVL) was founded, which today mainly plays soccer on Jahnwiese Wurster Straße.
  • In 1882 the first gymnasium was built for the GTV at the Holzhafen Geestemünde in what is now Bremerhaven.
  • In 1888 the racecourse in Speckenbütteler Park was built.
  • In 1888 the riding club Lehe and the surrounding area was founded .
  • The Bremerhaven rowing club was founded in 1889 and still exists.
  • In 1892 the gymnastics club Gut Heil was founded in Wulsdorf, which inaugurated its sports field on the Ahnthöhe in 1913.
  • The gymnastics and sports club Bremerhaven ( Bremerhaven 93 ) was founded in 1893 as a workers' sports club , which in 1974 became part of the OSC Bremerhaven .
  • In 1894 a gym was built for TV Lehe on Batteriestraße.
  • In 1898 the workers gymnastics club Frei Heil Lehe was founded, later Free Turnerschaft Lehe and the surrounding area, from which the Leher Turnerschaft LTS was split off in 1913 .
  • The Bremerhaven-Lehe football club was founded in 1899 and traded as VfB Lehe from 1919 , which became FC Bremerhaven in 1992 and merged with Sparta Bremerhaven to form FC Sparta Bremerhaven in 2012 .
  • In 1901 the sports club Sparta was founded in Bremerhaven as a football club, which later called itself FC Sparta and which merged with FC Bremerhaven in 2012 to become FC Sparta Bremerhaven .
  • In 1902 the Free Gymnastics Community Geestemünde ( FT Geestemünde (FTG) ) was founded. The founders were the ship carpenters of the Tecklenborg shipyard
  • In 1904 the SC Unterweser was founded and from 1904 with interruption (1945-45) it was called Geestemünder Sportclub (GSC).
  • In 1904 the Wesermünde Swimming Association was founded as the first swimming club on the Lower Weser.
  • The Geestemünder Tennisverein was founded in 1905 and from 1947 was called the Bremerhaven Tennis Club (BTV). From 1925/26 he set up his places in Geestemünde and built his two halls in 1970/76.
  • In 1909 the TVB donated the Jahndenkmal - a wrestler in stone - which stood at the beginning of the Kaiserstraße.
  • In 1911 a department of the Leher Turnerschaft (LTS) was established in Leherheide. This became the TSV Leherheide and in 1975 the association Sport-Freizeit-Leherheide ( SFL Bremerhaven ) through the merger with TuS Eintracht Bremerhaven .
  • The General Gymnastics and Sports Club Bremerhaven (ATSB) was founded in 1919 and co-founded OSC Bremerhaven in 1972 .
  • In 1920 the Heros boxing club was founded in Bremerhaven as a forerunner of the Weser Boxing Ring in Bremerhaven .
  • In 1921 Bremerhaven was 93 in the semifinals of the German workers' championship in football. In 1925 the team repeated this success.
  • In 1921 the Unterweser cycling club ( RV Unterweser ) was founded.
  • In 1923 the ATSB opened its sports facilities on the site of the former cycling track.
  • In 1923 the Police Sport Club Unterweser (PSV) was founded, which in 1972 was a co-founder of the OSC Bremerhaven .
  • In 1933, the Arbeiter-TuS Wulsdorf was banned. The VfL Wulsdorf and 1939 the TSV Wulsdorf followed him.
  • In 1939 four sports clubs ( TSV Wulsdorf, SV Wulsdorf, VfL Wulsdorf and Gut Heil ) forcibly merged to form the Turn-Sport-Verein Wulsdorf from 1861 ( TSV Wulsdorf ).
  • In 1941 the Wesermünde roller and ice skating club was founded, which in 1974 became the Bremerhaven roller and ice skating club (RSC), then the EHC Bremerhaven and finally in 1983 the roller skating and ice hockey club REV Bremerhaven , which has also been called Fischtown Pinguins since 2002 .
  • In 1946 the Kreissportbund Wesermünde was founded, which from 1947 on was called the Kreissportbund Bremerhaven . Albert de Buhr became chairman.
  • In 1948, Bremerhaven was promoted to 93 in the Northern Football League and in 1949 again from. In 1950 the permanent rise was achieved again. In this, the highest soccer league until the introduction of the Bundesliga in 1963, the club took eighth place in the list of the best in "the eternal table".
  • In 1951 the sports facility of the Leher Turnerschaft (LTS) was completed.
  • In 1952 the gymnastics and sports club Surheide (Tuspo) was founded and its sports facilities were built on Dullmannsweg, today Wulsbergen, in the 1950s.
  • The fishing port race for motorbikes has been held in the port area every year since 1952 .
  • The Bremerhaven Riding Club was founded in 1954 and was active in Wulsdorf. In 1974 the Reinkenheide equestrian center was opened.
  • In 1954 the Post SV Bremerhaven was founded from which the shooting club Gelb-Blau Bremerhaven emerged .
  • In 1955 the Judo Club Bremerhaven was founded, which in 1975 became part of the OSC Bremerhaven.
  • In 1955, Bremerhaven 93 took part in the final round of the 1954/55 German football championship as a second division.
  • In 1956, the Stadtbad at the Stadttheater in Mitte was opened.
  • In 1962 Werner Freitag became the German champion in the 100 meter butterfly swim .
  • In 1962, Bremerhaven's Peter Riebensahm became German indoor high jump champion.
  • In 1963, the German indoor championships in art and high diving were held in the new municipal swimming pool.
  • In 1963 the tennis club TC Rot-Weiss Bremerhaven was founded and from 1966 it built its courts in Lehe-Speckenbüttel on Siebenbergensweg.
  • From 1964 to 1983, the city ​​of Bremerhaven's international basketball gold cup took place, a basketball tournament initiated by the US armed forces. From 1964 to 1970 they played in the basketball hall on the US military grounds and from 1971, after Bremerhaven took over the tournament, in the Kolb hall.
  • In 1965 Astrid Bader became world champion in figure skating in Madrid . It repeated its success in Essen in 1966 , in Birmingham in 1967 and in Vigo in 1968 .
  • In 1971 the Wulsdorf district sports facility was completed.
  • In 1971 the SC Schiffdorferdamm was founded and then the sports facilities on Carsten-Lücken-Straße were built.
  • The Tanzsportgemeinschaft Bremerhaven (TSG) was founded in 1971 . With 14 world championship and 10 European championship titles and the 20-fold win of the German championship in formation dancing Latin (Latin A formation), TSG Bremerhaven is one of the most successful dance sports clubs in the world (as of 2012).
  • In 1972, the merger of several Bremerhaven clubs resulted in the founding of the large Olympic Sports Club Bremerhaven ( OSC Bremerhaven ).
  • In 1973 the Federal Youth Games took place in Bremerhaven.
  • In 1974 the roller and ice skating club (RSC) Bremerhaven appeared in the Regionalliga Nord for the first time.
  • In 1974 an equestrian facility was opened in Reinkenheide for the Bremerhaven riding club.
  • In 1975 the North Sea Stadium at the Eckernfelde settlement was completed. It holds 15,000 spectators. OSC Bremerhaven plays here . The swimming pool is used for sporting and general purposes.
  • In 1975 the SG Leherheide and TuS Eintracht 64 merged to form the Sport-Freizeit-Leherheide (SFL) association.
  • In 1975 the south indoor swimming pool on Schillerstrasse was completed.
  • In 1976 the 35th German Youth Athletics Championships took place in the North Sea Stadium.
  • In 1977 Bremerhaven 93 / OSC Bremerhaven was promoted to the 2nd Bundesliga as the master of the Amateur-Oberliga Nord and in 1978 again relegated.
  • In 1977 Tanzsportgemeinschaft (TSG) Bremerhaven became world champion in the Latin formation of the A-team for the first time. This was followed by title wins from 1979–1981, 1983–1985, 1987, 1991, 1994, 1995, 2000, 2001 and 2007.
  • In 1979 the Bremerhaven Seahawks was founded as an American football team. In 1987 the association joined the OSC Bremerhaven .
  • 1979 OSC Bremerhaven rose again to the 2nd Bundesliga and in 1980 again from.
  • In 1979, 5,000 athletes took part in the V. Bremer Landesturnfest .
  • In 1979 Michael Butzke became world champion in roller art skating in Altenau . He defended the title in Bogotá in 1980 in Nelson (New Zealand) in 1981 and in Bremerhaven in 1982.
  • In 1980 the new GTV sports center was opened.
  • In 1980, the State Sportsperson of the Year (Bremen) award was presented for the first time , including in 1997, 1999, 2001 and 2002 to TSG Bremerhaven.
  • From 1981 to 1986 Horst Beer and Andrea Lankenau won the German championships in Latin American dances six times in a row.
  • In 1981 the first men's team of OSC Bremerhaven rose to the second division in basketball and remained in this league until 1986.
  • In 1982 the 27th World Artistic Skating Championships took place in the Bremerhaven town hall. Michael Butzke became world champion for the fourth time and the RSC Bremerhaven in the combination.
  • In 1983 the RSC Bremerhaven had to file for bankruptcy. Ice hockey games continued at EHC Bremerhaven .
  • The REV Bremerhaven was founded in 1983 as the successor to the RSC Bremerhaven .
  • In 1986 the first men's team of OSC Bremerhaven rose to the first division in basketball. For financial reasons, the club decided not to remain in the Bundesliga and now played in the national league.
  • In 1988 the Special Olympics , the sports movement for people with intellectual disabilities and multiple disabilities, took place in the North Sea Stadium.
  • In 1991, the basketball departments of the OSC Bremerhaven and the SFL Bremerhaven became the main gaming community BSG Bremerhaven . Since 2001 the team competes as Eisbären Bremerhaven .
  • In 1991 Andrea and Horst Beer won the World Cup for Dance Professionals in the ten dances discipline in Berlin. In 1992 they repeated their success.
  • In 1994 the REV Bremerhaven played until 1996 and from 1999 to 2003 and from 2004 in the 2nd ice hockey league. In 2001 the professional team won the championship of the 2nd Bundesliga.
  • In 1996 the REV Bremerhaven played for one year in the 1st ice hockey league in 1996/97 .
  • In 1996 TSG Bremerhaven received a dance center in a sports hall of the former US armed forces.
  • In 1996 the Bremerhaven town hall in Lehe was expanded. It now has 4200 seats for sporting events such as the Eisbären Bremerhaven .
  • In 2000 the 1st men of the Bremerhaven tennis club rose to the 2nd Bundesliga and played in the 1st Bundesliga in the 2009/10 season.
  • In 2001 the first men's basketball team was played by the BSG Bremerhaven under the name of polar bears .
  • In 2003 the first men's basketball team from BSG Bremerhaven was spun off into Eisbären Bremerhaven Marketing GmbH .
  • In 2005 the polar bears were promoted to the basketball division in which they currently play (2012/13).
  • In 2007 the Bremerhaven Bürgerpark Golf Club created a 9-hole golf course.
  • In 2011, the new Bremerhaven ice arena in Lehe was opened with an ice show. It has 4254 seats, including 3066 seats and 168 VIP seats.

Significant ship departures and arrivals

Significant visits

Signature of Kaiser Wilhelm II on July 26th, 1900 in Bremerhaven

Population development

In 1827 Bremerhaven had 19 inhabitants. The population rose to over 10,000 by 1871 and doubled to around 20,000 by 1900. In 1939 Bremerhaven with 26,790 inhabitants and Wesermünde with 86,041 inhabitants became the new city ​​of Wesermünde with 113,000 inhabitants.

In 1968 the population peaked at 148,931. Since then the population has decreased continuously. At the end of June 2010, 114,001 people lived in Bremerhaven.

Incorporations

year Bremerhaven Lehe Geestemünde
1275 first written mention of Lehes
1827 founding of Bremerhaven Lehe
1845 Bremerhaven Lehe Founding Geeste Mündes
1889 Bremerhaven Lehe Incorporation of Geestendorf (1139)
1913 Bremerhaven Lehe Geestemünde becomes an independent city
1920 Bremerhaven Lehe becomes an independent city Incorporation of Wulsdorf (1139)
1924 Bremerhaven Merger of Lehe and Geestemünde
to form the independent city of Wesermünde
1927 Bremerhaven Incorporation of Weddewarden , Schiffdorferdamm and Speckenbüttel
1938 Outsourcing of the
overseas port area
to the city of Bremen 		Wesermünde
1939 Association for the city of Wesermünde without an overseas port area
1947 Incorporation into the state of Bremen and renaming to Bremerhaven
2010 Integration of the Luneplate and border straightening with Lower Saxony

Personalities

Mayor of Bremerhaven

Depending on their size, the Lower Weser towns of Geestendorf, Lehe, Geestemünde, Wulsdorf, Wesermünde and Bremerhaven had community leaders , mayors or mayors .

Bremerhaven Senators

The first senator in the Bremen Senate from Bremerhaven was the union secretary August Stampe (SPD). The list shows the senators coming from Bremerhaven in the Senate of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen and nominated by Bremerhaven (name, party, department, duration):

chronological order

Member of the Bundestag for Bremerhaven

The elections to the Bundestag take place today in the Bundestag constituency Bremen II - Bremerhaven (constituency 56), previously from 1965 to 1998 in constituency 52 and in 2005 in constituency 55.

Since 1949, all directly elected representatives from these constituencies came from the SPD .

  • 1949: Bernhard Lohmüller (SPD), direct election
  • 1953: Philipp Wehr (SPD), direct election with 39.2% of the vote
  • 1953: Herbert Schneider (politician, 1915) , state list of the German party
  • 1957: Philipp Wehr (SPD) († 1960), direct election with 46.5% of the vote
  • 1957: Herbert Schneider (DP), State List German Party
  • 1960: Emil Theil (SPD) moved up for Philipp Wehr
  • 1961: Werner Lenz (SPD), direct election with 50.6% of the vote
  • 1965: Harry Tallert (SPD), direct election with 51.3% of the vote
  • 1969: Harry Tallert (SPD), direct election with 54.3% of the vote
  • 1972: Horst Grunenberg (SPD), direct election with 62.6% of the vote
  • 1976: Horst Grunenberg (SPD), direct election with 56.3% of the vote
  • 1980: Horst Grunenberg (SPD), direct election with? % of votes
  • 1983: Horst Grunenberg (SPD), direct election with 53.6% of the vote
  • 1987: Horst Grunenberg (SPD), direct election with? % of votes
  • 1987: Manfred Richter ( FDP ), state list of the FDP
  • 1990: Ilse Janz (SPD), direct election with 46.3% of the vote
  • 1990: Manfred Richter (FDP), state list of the FDP
  • 1994: Ilse Janz (SPD), direct election with? % of votes
  • 1998: Ilse Janz (SPD), direct election with? % of votes
  • 2002: Uwe Beckmeyer (SPD), direct election with? % of votes
  • 2005: Uwe Beckmeyer (SPD), direct election with 54.4% of the vote
  • 2009: Uwe Beckmeyer (SPD), direct election with 38.7% of the vote

Born or worked in Bremerhaven

Honorary citizen

Since 1885, Bremerhaven and its predecessor communities Lehe, Geestemünde and Wesermünde have given 20 people honorary citizenship.

literature

  • Georg Bessel: History of Bremerhaven . F. Morisse, Bremerhaven 1927.
  • Theodor Sachau : The older history of the city of Bremerhaven . 1927.
  • Hermann Schröder: History of the city of Lehe. Lehe 1927.
  • Georg Behrens: History of the city of Geestemünde (Wesermünde) . 1928.
  • Burchard Scheper: Bibliography on the history of the city of Bremerhaven . Bremerhaven 1973.
  • Burchard Scheper: The more recent history of the city of Bremerhaven . Bremerhaven 1977, ISBN 3-921749-00-X .
  • Herbert and Inge Schwarzwälder: Bremerhaven and its predecessor communities. Views-Plans-Maps 1575-189 0. Bremerhaven 1977.
  • Burchard Scheper: On the trail of history. About the Lower Weser towns from Charlemagne to the present . Bremerhaven 1983.
  • Harry Gabcke , Renate Gabcke, Herbert Körtge, Manfred Ernst: Bremerhaven in two centuries. Volumes I to III from 1827 to 1991. Nordwestdeutsche Verlagsgesellschaft, Bremerhaven 1989/1991, ISBN 3-927857-00-9 , ISBN 3-927857-37-8 , ISBN 3-927857-22-X .
  • Dieter Riemer : Lehe in the Middle Ages - Counts and lords in the Archbishopric of Bremen in the seal of the history of Lehes . Bremerhaven / Hamburg 1995, ISBN 3-923725-89-2 .
  • Hermann Gutmann : Bremerhaven story (s). or: Tell me a bit about the past . Edition Temmen , Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-157-1 .
  • Anja Benscheidt / Alfred Kube: Bremerhaven & Geestemünde. Historical views of two competing port cities . Bremerhaven 2010, ISBN 978-3-86918-045-8 .
  • Burkhard Hergesell: “Petting instead of Pershing!” - the port blockade of the peace movement in Bremerhaven in 1983. Hauschild, Bremen 2012.
  • Hartmut Bickelmann / Dirk J. Peters: Fifty-four times Bremerhaven. Miniatures on the history of the city and port. Bremerhaven 2013, ISBN 978-3-923851-29-4 .
  • Dieter Bischop / Nicola Borger-Keweloh / Dieter Riemer : Castle and Church in Wulsdorf . Bremerhaven 2014, ISBN 978-3-931771-00-3 .

Movies

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sensation in Lehe: House from the Iron Age discovered
  2. ^ Georg Bessell: History of Bremerhaven . F. Morisse, Bremerhaven 1927, p. 597.
  3. ↑ Harry Gabcke: Bremerhaven in two centuries . Nordwestdeutsche Verlagsgesellschaft, Bremerhaven 1996, pp. 10–15.
  4. ↑ 150 years of Bremerhaven. In: Nordsee-Zeitung . Special edition June 1977.
  5. ^ Anja Benscheidt, Alfred Kube: Bremerhaven and surroundings 1827–1927. History in the Morgenstern Museum. Volume 1, Nordwestdeutsche Verlagsgesellschaft, Bremerhaven 1993, ISBN 3-927857-47-5 , p. 48.
  6. ^ Cord Christian Troebst: The Thomas catastrophe. In: Mare - The magazine of the seas . No. 57, August / September 2006, Dreiviertel Verlag, ISSN  1432-928X , p. 26 ff.
  7. ^ Fourth regulation on the rebuilding of the empire. dated September 28, 1939. verfassungen.de, accessed on October 8, 2010 .
  8. ↑ According to information on the air defense systems in Bremerhaven page at www.relektiven.de , 1,142 people were killed in 52 air raids on Bremerhaven. During the heaviest attack on 18./19. September 1944 died 618 inhabitants.
  9. ^ Wolfgang Wippermann : Rise and seizure of power by the NSDAP in Bremerhaven and Wesermünde. Reprint from the yearbook 57. Heimatbund Men vom Morgenstern, Bremerhaven 1978, p. 170.
  10. ↑ Seefliegerhorst in Weddewarden on www.relict.com
  11. ↑ "Nuclear Weapons for the Air Force in Lower Saxony" on www.relektiven.com
  12. ^ Blockades in Mutlangen and Bremerhaven on October 15, 1983
  13. ^ Rainer Donsbach: Revolt against the nuclear missiles - "Petting instead of Pershing" . In: Nordsee-Zeitung . December 18, 2012, p. 12. ( Online version ( Memento from February 17, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ))
  14. ^ Nicola Borger-Keweloh: Ella Kappenberg (1897–1988). A headstrong woman shaped the cultural landscape of Bremerhaven . In: Men from Morgenstern , Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No. 839 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven November 2019, p. 4 ( digital version [PDF; 4.2 MB ; accessed on December 18, 2019]).
  15. ^ Hans Happel: Cinemas in Bremerhaven
  16. ↑ Schauburg
  17. ^ Station cinema
  18. ↑ Dirk Peters : 125 years of the Schiffdorfer floodgate. A technical monument to the history of hydraulic engineering in the Elbe-Weser triangle . In: Men from Morgenstern, Heimatbund an Elbe and Weser estuary e. V. (Ed.): Niederdeutsches Heimatblatt . No.  817 . Nordsee-Zeitung GmbH, Bremerhaven January 2018, p. 1–2 ( digitized version [PDF; 5.4 MB ; accessed on July 3, 2019]).
  19. ^ Paul Homann: VGB-Nachrichten. In: VGB-Nachrichten. P. 5; Saturday, May 31, 1980 , accessed on April 28, 2019 .
  20. ↑ Senator for Finances: Bremerhaven - Debt-free in one fell swoop , press release of October 29, 2019.
  21. ↑ Announcement of January 18, 2010 . In: Senate Chancellery (ed.): Law Gazette of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen . S. 121 .
  22. ↑ Bremerhaven is growing by almost a fifth of its area. Ceremony for the integration of the Luneplate. Senate Press Office, January 11, 2010, accessed October 9, 2010 .
  23. ↑ Harry Gabcke , Renate Gabcke, Herbert Körtge, Manfred Ernst: Bremerhaven in two centuries. Volume I, p. 80 f.
  24. ↑ Marienbad (1950)  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.bildservice.bremerhaven.de  
  25. ↑ Roller sports facility (ERC)
  26. ↑ Artistic Skating - World Championships (women)
  27. ↑ A journey through time (ERC)
  28. ↑ Michael Butzke (Munzinger)
  29. ^ TSV Wulsdorf
  30. ^ GTV Bremerhaven
  31. ↑ Bremerhaven rowing club
  32. ^ OSC Bremerhaven
  33. ↑ LTS ( Memento of the original from September 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ltssport.de
  34. ↑ FC Sparta Bremerhaven ( Memento of the original from April 22, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sc-sparta.de
  35. ^ FTG Bremerhaven
  36. ^ GSC
  37. ↑ BTV
  38. ↑ SFL Bremerhaven
  39. ↑ Weser Boxing Ring Bremerhaven
  40. ^ Sports city of Bremerhaven
  41. ↑ Every cult has its beginning ( Memento from June 28, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) History of the Bremerhaven fishing port race
  42. ↑ Bremerhaven Riding Club
  43. ^ Shooting club yellow-blue Bremerhaven
  44. ↑ SC Schiffdorferdamm
  45. ↑ TSG Bremerhaven
  46. ^ Bremerhaven Seahawks
  47. ↑ DancePlaza.com
  48. ↑ Brief statistical report. (PDF; 86 kB) (No longer available online.) Statistical Office and Electoral Office, Bremerhaven, August 2010, archived from the original on May 15, 2011 ; Retrieved October 18, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bremerhaven.de