List of major cities in Germany
This list of the major cities in Germany provides an overview of all current and former major cities in Germany .
According to a definition of the International Statistics Conference of 1887, large cities are all cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants. However , z. For example, around 1880 only ten cities now in the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany met this criterion, which indicates that it used to be a much more exclusive "title". The German metropolitan regions , or the regiopolises in a regional context, occupy a special position alongside the big cities .
Since 2019 there have been 81 large cities in Germany, of which 30 (corresponds to 38%) are in North Rhine-Westphalia , 9 (11%) in Baden-Württemberg , 8 each (10%) in Bavaria and Lower Saxony , 5 in Hesse , 5 in Rhineland-Palatinate and 3 in Saxony , otherwise only 2 or 1 per federal state.
Four major German cities are metropolises , another eleven have around half a million inhabitants or more. The high number of half a million cities is striking compared to other populous countries in the European Union. The fifth largest city has around three quarters of a million inhabitants, ten cities (ranks 6 to 15) have a population between 635,000 and 495,000. The next smaller cities with fewer than 370,000 inhabitants follow at a considerable distance. Around half of the major German cities have fewer than 200,000 inhabitants. The 15 cities with currently more than 495,000 inhabitants have been the 15 cities with more than 425,000 inhabitants in the respective territorial status and 450,000 inhabitants in the current territorial status in every year since 1960.
In the overview of the “former large cities”, the cities are listed that once had more than 100,000 inhabitants, including cities that have since been incorporated into neighboring cities. Further overviews contain large cities that belonged to Germany from January 18, 1871, the establishment of the German Reich , to August 31, 1939, one day before the start of the Second World War , according to the respective territorial status of the Reich.
Current major cities
Preliminary remarks
The table contains all cities that had more than 100,000 inhabitants at the end of 2019, as well as the results of the censuses from 1939 and 1950, the results of the extrapolation of the official population figures by the regional statistical offices (only main residences ) for the years 1960, 1970, 1980 , 1990, 2000, 2010, 2018 and 2019 (31 December each) as well as the area and population density (as of 2018).
The population development between 2018 and 2019, the country to which the city belongs, and the year in which the limit of 100,000 inhabitants was crossed for the first time are also listed . Since then, numerous cities have temporarily fallen below this limit and thus temporarily lost their status as large cities. These are marked separately with 1 . The population figures refer to the current territorial status of the municipality without politically independent suburbs.
Changes in space and population caused by regional reforms lead to different results for time series on population growth if the data of the past years are calculated for the respective or current territorial status. Taking into account the respective territorial status, Potsdam had the highest annual population growth of 1.95% between 2000 and 2010 of the major German cities due to the incorporation in 2003, followed by Munich (1.12%), Dresden (0.91%), Freiburg in Breisgau (0.89%) and Mainz (0.86%). If, on the other hand, the territorial status of 2010 is taken as the basis, Munich was in first place with an annual growth of 1.12% in the period mentioned. They are followed by Potsdam (1.10%), Dresden (0.91%), Freiburg im Breisgau (0.89%) and Mainz (0.86%).
Since around 2010, the population growth in large cities has been increasing noticeably overall due to immigration, so that their gains in 2013, 2014 and 2015 also led to an increasing total population in the Federal Republic. The metropolises with over 500,000 inhabitants in particular grew strongly, but smaller cities were also able to benefit. 2015 was the first year in a long time in which all large cities recorded population increases.
There are 13 large cities in Germany that belong to a district or a municipal association of a special kind . These are:
- Aachen
- Bergisch Gladbach
- Goettingen
- Gutersloh
- Hanover
- Hildesheim
- Moers
- Neuss
- Paderborn
- Recklinghausen
- Reutlingen
- Saarbrücken
- Wins
Except for the city of Moers (is part of the Wesel district ), it is a district town or the seat of a local authority association.
table
Rank (2019) | Surname | population | Area in km² (2016) |
Ew./km² (2018) |
Population development [%] (2019 compared to 2018) |
Big city for the first time 1 |
state | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1939 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2018 | 2019 | |||||||
1 | Berlin 1st | 4 321 521 | 3 336 026 | 3 274 016 | 3 208 719 | 3 048 759 | 3 433 695 | 3 382 169 | 3 460 725 | 3,644,826 | 3,669,491 | 891.68 | 4,088 | 0.68 | 1747 | Berlin |
2 | Hamburg 1 | 1 698 388 | 1 605 606 | 1 836 958 | 1 793 640 | 1 645 095 | 1 652 363 | 1 715 392 | 1 786 448 | 1,841,179 | 1,847,253 | 755.22 | 2,438 | 0.33 | 1787 | Hamburg |
3 | Munich | 815 212 | 831 937 | 1 101 384 | 1 311 978 | 1 298 941 | 1 229 026 | 1 210 223 | 1 353 186 | 1,471,508 | 1,484,226 | 310.70 | 4,736 | 0.86 | 1852 | Bavaria |
4th | Cologne 1 | 768 352 | 594 941 | 801 142 | 849 451 | 976 694 | 953 551 | 962 884 | 1 007 119 | 1,085,664 | 1,087,863 | 405.02 | 2,681 | 0.20 | 1852 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
5 | Frankfurt am Main | 548 220 | 532 037 | 675 009 | 666 179 | 629 375 | 644 865 | 648 550 | 679 664 | 753.056 | 763.380 | 248.31 | 3,033 | 1.37 | 1875 | Hesse |
6th | Stuttgart | 454 346 | 497 677 | 637 366 | 634 202 | 580 648 | 579 988 | 583 874 | 606 588 | 634.830 | 635.911 | 207.35 | 3,062 | 0.17 | 1874 | Baden-Württemberg |
7th | Dusseldorf | 535 753 | 500 516 | 697 891 | 660 963 | 590 479 | 575 794 | 569 364 | 588 735 | 619.294 | 621,877 | 217.41 | 2,849 | 0.42 | 1882 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
8th | Leipzig | 702 155 | 617 574 | 589 632 | 583 885 | 562 480 | 511 079 | 493 208 | 522 883 | 587.857 | 593.145 | 297.80 | 1,974 | 0.90 | 1871 | Saxony |
9 | Dortmund | 537 865 | 507 349 | 640 802 | 640 642 | 608 297 | 599 055 | 588 994 | 580 444 | 587.010 | 588.250 | 280.71 | 2,091 | 0.21 | 1894 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
10 | eat | 664 523 | 605 411 | 729 462 | 696 419 | 647 643 | 626 973 | 595 243 | 574 635 | 583.109 | 582.760 | 210.34 | 2,772 | -0.06 | 1896 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
11 | Bremen | 354 109 | 444 549 | 563 270 | 592 533 | 555 118 | 551 219 | 539 403 | 547 340 | 569.352 | 567,559 | 325.56 | 1,749 | -0.31 | 1875 | Bremen |
12 | Dresden | 629 713 | 494 187 | 493 603 | 502 432 | 516 225 | 490 571 | 477 807 | 523 058 | 554,649 | 556.780 | 328.48 | 1,689 | 0.38 | 1852 | Saxony |
13 | Hanover | 464 646 | 444 296 | 574 672 | 521 003 | 534 623 | 513 010 | 515 001 | 522 686 | 538.068 | 536.925 | 204.14 | 2,636 | -0.21 | 1875 | Lower Saxony |
14th | Nuremberg | 420 349 | 362 459 | 458 401 | 478 181 | 484 405 | 493 692 | 488 400 | 505 664 | 518.365 | 518.370 | 186.38 | 2,781 | 0.00 | 1881 | Bavaria |
15th | Duisburg 2 | 433 530 | 410 783 | 503 641 | 452 721 | 558 089 | 535 447 | 514 915 | 489 599 | 498,590 | 498,686 | 232.80 | 2.142 | 0.02 | 1903 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
16 | Bochum | 305 469 | 289 804 | 362 490 | 343 809 | 400 757 | 396 486 | 391 147 | 374 737 | 364,628 | 365,587 | 145.66 | 2,503 | 0.26 | 1904 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
17th | Wuppertal 3 | 399 718 | 363 224 | 421 378 | 417 694 | 393 381 | 383 660 | 366 434 | 349 721 | 354,382 | 355.100 | 168.39 | 2,105 | 0.20 | 1884 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
18th | Bielefeld 1 | 126 711 | 153 613 | 174 527 | 168 609 | 312 708 | 319 037 | 321 758 | 323 270 | 333.786 | 334.195 | 258.82 | 1,290 | 0.12 | 1930 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
19th | Bonn 1 | 98 702 | 115 394 | 146 889 | 275 722 | 288 148 | 292 234 | 302 247 | 324 899 | 327.258 | 329,673 | 141.06 | 2,320 | 0.74 | 1934 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
20th | Munster 1 | 132 760 | 118 496 | 180 871 | 198 878 | 269 696 | 259 438 | 265 609 | 279 803 | 314,319 | 315.293 | 303.28 | 1,036 | 0.31 | 1915 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
21st | Karlsruhe | 184 489 | 198 840 | 240 450 | 259 091 | 271 892 | 275 061 | 278 558 | 294 761 | 313.092 | 312.060 | 173.46 | 1,805 | -0.33 | 1901 | Baden-Württemberg |
22nd | Mannheim | 280 365 | 245 634 | 311 383 | 332 378 | 304 303 | 310 411 | 306 729 | 313 174 | 309.370 | 310,658 | 144.96 | 2.134 | 0.42 | 1897 | Baden-Württemberg |
23 | augsburg | 180 039 | 185 183 | 206 422 | 213 230 | 248 346 | 256 877 | 254 982 | 264 708 | 295.135 | 296,582 | 146.84 | 2.010 | 0.49 | 1909 | Bavaria |
24 | Wiesbaden 1 | 165 646 | 220 741 | 257 293 | 250 715 | 274 464 | 260 301 | 270 109 | 275 976 | 278,342 | 278.474 | 203.93 | 1,365 | 0.05 | 1905 | Hesse |
25th | Mönchengladbach 1 , 5 | 128 418 | 124 879 | 152 414 | 151 085 | 128 329 | 259 436 | 263 014 | 257 993 | 261.454 | 261.034 | 170.47 | 1,534 | -0.16 | 1921 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
26th | Gelsenkirchen 4 | 317 505 | 315 460 | 388 608 | 347 074 | 304 386 | 293 714 | 278 695 | 257 981 | 260,654 | 259,645 | 104.94 | 2,484 | -0.39 | 1903 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
27 | Braunschweig | 189 628 | 223 760 | 242 489 | 223 275 | 261 141 | 258 833 | 245 816 | 248 867 | 248.292 | 249,406 | 192.18 | 1,292 | 0.45 | 1890 | Lower Saxony |
28 | Aachen 1 | 159 631 | 129 811 | 170 367 | 175 451 | 243 947 | 241 861 | 244 386 | 258 664 | 247.380 | 248.960 | 160.85 | 1,538 | 0.64 | 1888 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
29 | Kiel | 261 298 | 254 449 | 271 610 | 271 070 | 250 062 | 245 567 | 232 612 | 239 526 | 247,548 | 246,794 | 118.65 | 2,086 | -0.30 | 1900 | Schleswig-Holstein |
30th | Chemnitz 6 | 334 713 | 293 373 | 286 329 | 299 411 | 317 644 | 294 244 | 259 246 | 243 248 | 247.237 | 246.334 | 221.05 | 1,118 | -0.37 | 1883 | Saxony |
31 | Halle (Saale) 8 | 217 480 | 289 119 | 277 855 | 257 261 | 232 294 | 310 234 | 247 736 | 232 963 | 239.257 | 238,762 | 135.02 | 1,772 | -0.21 | 1890 | Saxony-Anhalt |
32 | Magdeburg | 329 824 | 260 305 | 261 594 | 272 237 | 289 032 | 278 807 | 231 450 | 231 549 | 238.697 | 237,565 | 201.00 | 1,188 | -0.47 | 1882 | Saxony-Anhalt |
33 | Freiburg im Breisgau 1 | 108 487 | 109 717 | 141 637 | 163 568 | 175 106 | 191 029 | 205 102 | 224 191 | 230.241 | 231.195 | 153.06 | 1,504 | 0.41 | 1934 | Baden-Württemberg |
34 | Krefeld 7 | 170 205 | 171 875 | 211 479 | 222 666 | 223 969 | 244 020 | 239 916 | 235 076 | 227.020 | 227,417 | 137.77 | 1,648 | 0.17 | 1888 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
35 | Mainz 1 | 154 033 | 88 369 | 133 089 | 174 858 | 187 392 | 179 486 | 182 870 | 199 237 | 217.118 | 218,578 | 97.74 | 2,221 | 0.67 | 1908 | Rhineland-Palatinate |
36 | Lübeck | 149 502 | 238 276 | 232 140 | 239 955 | 220 588 | 214 758 | 213 399 | 210 232 | 217.198 | 216,530 | 214.21 | 1.014 | -0.31 | 1912 | Schleswig-Holstein |
37 | Erfurt | 159 201 | 188 650 | 186 448 | 195 994 | 211 575 | 208 989 | 200 564 | 204 994 | 213,699 | 213.981 | 269.88 | 792 | 0.13 | 1906 | Thuringia |
38 | Oberhausen 1 | 191 829 | 202 808 | 258 626 | 246 199 | 228 947 | 223 840 | 222 151 | 212 945 | 210,829 | 210.764 | 77.09 | 2,735 | -0.03 | 1914 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
39 | Rostock 1 | 118 048 | 133 109 | 158 630 | 198 636 | 232 506 | 248 088 | 200 506 | 202 735 | 208,886 | 209.191 | 181.26 | 1,152 | 0.15 | 1935 | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania |
40 | Kassel 1 | 211 624 | 162 132 | 206 354 | 214 785 | 195 912 | 194 268 | 194 766 | 195 530 | 201,585 | 202.137 | 106.78 | 1,888 | 0.27 | 1899 | Hesse |
41 | Hagen | 151 481 | 146 401 | 195 500 | 201 042 | 218 927 | 214 449 | 203 151 | 188 526 | 188.814 | 188,686 | 160.45 | 1,177 | -0.07 | 1928 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
42 | Saarbrücken 1 | 131 285 | 111 450 | 129 801 | 128 251 | 193 554 | 191 694 | 183 257 | 175 741 | 180.741 | 180.374 | 167.09 | 1,082 | -0.20 | 1909 | Saarland |
43 | Potsdam | 126 241 | 118 180 | 115 004 | 111 336 | 130 900 | 139 794 | 129 324 | 156 906 | 178.089 | 180.334 | 188.61 | 944 | 1.26 | 1939 | Brandenburg |
44 | Hamm | 56 684 | 59 866 | 68 775 | 84 629 | 171 869 | 179 639 | 182 427 | 181 783 | 179.111 | 179.916 | 226.43 | 791 | 0.45 | 1975 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
45 | Ludwigshafen am Rhein 1 | 143 934 | 123 869 | 164 657 | 176 257 | 159 399 | 162 233 | 163 383 | 164 177 | 171,061 | 172.253 | 77.55 | 2,206 | 0.70 | 1921 | Rhineland-Palatinate |
46 | Mülheim an der Ruhr | 136 828 | 149 589 | 183 979 | 192 183 | 181 279 | 177 681 | 172 862 | 167 344 | 170,880 | 170,632 | 91.28 | 1,872 | -0.15 | 1908 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
47 | Oldenburg (Oldb) | 74 141 | 122 809 | 122 337 | 131 545 | 136 764 | 143 131 | 154 832 | 162 173 | 168.210 | 169.077 | 102.99 | 1,633 | 0.52 | 1946 | Lower Saxony |
48 | Osnabrück 1 | 97 918 | 109 538 | 135 821 | 144 864 | 157 367 | 163 168 | 164 101 | 164 119 | 164,748 | 165.251 | 119.80 | 1,375 | 0.31 | 1939 | Lower Saxony |
49 | Leverkusen | 49 927 | 65 531 | 93 940 | 107 626 | 160 825 | 160 919 | 161 047 | 160 772 | 163,838 | 163,729 | 78.87 | 2,077 | -0.07 | 1963 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
50 | Heidelberg | 84 273 | 116 488 | 127 595 | 121 398 | 133 227 | 136 796 | 140 259 | 147 312 | 160.355 | 161,485 | 108.84 | 1,473 | 0.70 | 1946 | Baden-Württemberg |
51 | Darmstadt 1 | 110 552 | 94 788 | 138 736 | 141 847 | 138 201 | 138 920 | 138 242 | 144 402 | 159.207 | 159,878 | 122.09 | 1,304 | 0.42 | 1937 | Hesse |
52 | Solingen | 140 453 | 147 845 | 170 619 | 177 124 | 166 085 | 165 401 | 164 973 | 159 927 | 159,360 | 159,245 | 89.54 | 1,780 | -0.07 | 1929 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
53 | Herne 1 | 94 639 | 111 591 | 113 252 | 103 849 | 182 542 | 178 132 | 174 529 | 164 762 | 156.374 | 156,449 | 51.42 | 3,041 | 0.05 | 1933 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
54 | Neuss | 59 649 | 63 478 | 93 680 | 116 013 | 149 334 | 147 019 | 150 013 | 151 388 | 153,796 | 153,896 | 99.52 | 1,545 | 0.07 | 1963 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
55 | regensburg | 90 651 | 117 291 | 123 751 | 130 888 | 132 604 | 121 691 | 125 676 | 135 520 | 152.610 | 153.094 | 80.70 | 1,891 | 0.32 | 1940 | Bavaria |
56 | Paderborn | 39 955 | 40 270 | 52 773 | 68 207 | 110 155 | 120 680 | 139 084 | 146 283 | 150,580 | 151,633 | 179.59 | 838 | 0.70 | 1975 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
57 | Ingolstadt | 31 370 | 40 523 | 52 540 | 70 594 | 90 490 | 105 489 | 115 722 | 125 088 | 136.981 | 137.392 | 133.37 | 1,027 | 0.30 | 1989 | Bavaria |
58 | Offenbach am Main | 85 128 | 89 030 | 115 051 | 118 841 | 110 993 | 114 992 | 117 535 | 120 435 | 128,744 | 130.280 | 44.89 | 2,868 | 1.19 | 1954 | Hesse |
59 | Fuerth 1 | 78 838 | 99 890 | 98 615 | 94 415 | 99 088 | 103 362 | 110 477 | 114 628 | 127,748 | 128,497 | 63.35 | 2.017 | 0.59 | 1950 | Bavaria |
60 | Wurzburg | 101 345 | 78 443 | 115 541 | 116 395 | 128 652 | 127 777 | 127 966 | 133 799 | 127,880 | 127.934 | 87.63 | 1,459 | 0.04 | 1932 | Bavaria |
61 | Ulm 1 | 68 585 | 71 132 | 90 383 | 93 158 | 100 671 | 110 529 | 117 233 | 122 801 | 126,329 | 126,790 | 118.69 | 1,064 | 0.36 | 1980 | Baden-Württemberg |
62 | Heilbronn | 74 214 | 64 643 | 87 203 | 102 300 | 111 938 | 115 843 | 119 305 | 122 879 | 125,960 | 126,592 | 99.88 | 1,261 | 0.50 | 1970 | Baden-Württemberg |
63 | Pforzheim | 78 320 | 54 143 | 81 373 | 91 104 | 106 500 | 112 944 | 117 156 | 119 781 | 125,542 | 125,957 | 98.00 | 1,281 | 0.33 | 1975 | Baden-Württemberg |
64 | Wolfsburg 9 | 6 797 | 25 422 | 62 577 | 90 115 | 125 935 | 128 510 | 121 805 | 121 451 | 124.151 | 124.371 | 204.09 | 608 | 0.18 | 1972 | Lower Saxony |
65 | Goettingen | 49 668 | 78 680 | 77 785 | 109 892 | 129 656 | 121 831 | 124 132 | 121 060 | 119,801 | 118,911 | 116.89 | 1,025 | -0.74 | 1964 | Lower Saxony |
66 | Bottrop | 83 381 | 93 268 | 111 246 | 106 225 | 114 571 | 118 936 | 120 611 | 116 771 | 117,383 | 117,565 | 100.61 | 1,167 | 0.16 | 1953 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
67 | Reutlingen | 37 421 | 45 735 | 66 659 | 79 705 | 95 456 | 103 687 | 110 650 | 112 484 | 115.966 | 115.865 | 87.06 | 1,332 | -0.09 | 1988 | Baden-Württemberg |
68 | Koblenz | 86 501 | 66 444 | 97 867 | 120 079 | 113 676 | 108 733 | 107 950 | 106 417 | 114.024 | 114.052 | 105.13 | 1,085 | 0.02 | 1962 | Rhineland-Palatinate |
69 | Bremerhaven 1 , 10 | 110 982 | 114 070 | 141 017 | 142 919 | 138 728 | 130 446 | 120 822 | 113 366 | 113,634 | 113,643 | 93.82 | 1,211 | 0.01 | 1939 | Bremen |
70 | Erlangen 1 | 33 471 | 50 011 | 68 569 | 85 061 | 101 845 | 102 440 | 100 778 | 105 629 | 111,962 | 112,528 | 76.95 | 1,455 | 0.51 | 1974 | Bavaria |
71 | Bergisch Gladbach | 23 286 | 32 681 | 41 409 | 50 228 | 101 472 | 104 037 | 105 693 | 105 723 | 111,966 | 111,846 | 83.09 | 1,348 | -0.11 | 1977 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
72 | Trier 1 | 81 808 | 75 526 | 85 210 | 103 598 | 95 536 | 97 835 | 99 410 | 105 260 | 110,636 | 111,528 | 117.13 | 945 | 0.81 | 1969 | Rhineland-Palatinate |
73 | Recklinghausen | 86 302 | 104 791 | 130 405 | 125 369 | 119 418 | 125 060 | 124 785 | 118 365 | 112,267 | 111,397 | 66.50 | 1,688 | -0.77 | 1949 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
74 | Jena 1 | 68 377 | 80 309 | 81 190 | 88 130 | 103 718 | 102 518 | 99 893 | 105 129 | 111,407 | 111,343 | 114.76 | 971 | -0.06 | 1975 | Thuringia |
75 | Remscheid 1 | 103 912 | 103 276 | 125 912 | 136 822 | 129 082 | 123 155 | 119 287 | 110 563 | 110.994 | 111,338 | 74.52 | 1,489 | 0.31 | 1929 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
76 | Salzgitter 1 , 11 | 45 598 | 100 667 | 108 872 | 119 031 | 113 600 | 114 355 | 112 302 | 102 394 | 104,948 | 104.291 | 223.92 | 469 | -0.63 | 1942 | Lower Saxony |
77 | Moers 1 | 29 646 | 34 832 | 45 908 | 53 410 | 99 923 | 104 595 | 107 062 | 105 506 | 103.725 | 103.902 | 67.68 | 1,533 | 0.17 | 1975 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
78 | Wins 1 | 37 622 | 38 787 | 48 210 | 57 563 | 112 320 | 109 174 | 108 476 | 103 424 | 102,836 | 102,770 | 114.69 | 897 | -0.06 | 1975 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
79 | Hildesheim 1st | 68 679 | 72 292 | 94 352 | 93 373 | 102 619 | 105 291 | 103 909 | 102 794 | 101,990 | 101,693 | 92.18 | 1.106 | -0.29 | 1974 | Lower Saxony |
80 | Gutersloh | 32 841 | 43 111 | 52 346 | 75 297 | 78 221 | 86 807 | 95 156 | 96 404 | 100.194 | 100,861 | 112.02 | 894 | 0.67 | 2018 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
81 | Kaiserslautern 1 | 65,890 | 62,761 | 88,668 | 100,696 | 98,745 | 99.351 | 99,825 | 99.184 | 99,845 | 100.030 | 139.74 | 715 | 0.19 | 1970 | Rhineland-Palatinate |
rank | Surname | population | Area [km²] (2016) |
Ew./km² (2018) | Population development [%] (2018 compared to 2017) |
Big city for the first time 1 | state | |||||||||
1939 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2018 | 2019 |
Former cities
The data relate to the respective historical territorial status of a city, which is why there may be deviations from the information provided by statistical offices, which sometimes use today's territorial status and extrapolate it into the past.
Today's medium-sized cities
The table contains the cities that had more than 100,000 inhabitants in the past, in the order of the current number of inhabitants, as well as the results of the censuses from 1939 and 1950, the results of the extrapolation of the state statistical offices (only main residences ) for 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, 2018 and 2019 (December 31st each) and the years in which the limit of 100,000 inhabitants was exceeded for the first time and for the last time. During this period, some cities temporarily fell below this limit and thus temporarily lost their status as large cities. These are marked separately with 12 . The state to which the city belongs is also listed. The population figures refer to the respective municipality within its political limits at the respective point in time. For the ranking of today's medium-sized cities, see the list of large and medium-sized cities in Germany .
Surname | Ew. 1939 |
Ew. 1950 |
Ew. 1960 |
Ew. 1970 |
Ew. 1980 |
Ew. 1990 |
Ew. 2000 |
Ew. 2010 |
Ew. 2018 |
Ew. 2019 |
Big city for the first time |
Big city for the last time |
state |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
cottbus | 53 468 | 60 874 | 66 813 | 83 444 | 113 479 | 125 891 | 108 491 | 102 091 | 100.219 | 99,678 | 1976 | 2018 | Brandenburg |
Witten | 73,548 | 76,312 | 96,731 | 97,687 | 105,876 | 105.403 | 103.196 | 98,233 | 96,563 | 96,459 | 1975 | 2007 | North Rhine-Westphalia |
Schwerin | 60,938 | 93,576 | 92.508 | 97,389 | 121,175 | 127,447 | 101,267 | 95,220 | 95,818 | 95,653 | 1972 | 2001 | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania |
Gera | 81,931 | 98,576 | 101,373 | 111,535 | 125,383 | 129,037 | 112,835 | 99,262 | 94,152 | 93.125 | 1959 | 2009 | Thuringia |
Flensburg | 68,042 | 102,832 | 97,899 | 95,366 | 87,862 | 86,977 | 84.281 | 88,759 | 89.504 | 90.164 | 1945 | 1952 | Schleswig-Holstein |
Zwickau 12 | 84,399 | 138,844 | 129,138 | 126,988 | 122.129 | 114,632 | 103.008 | 93,750 | 89,540 | 88,690 | 1944 | 2003 | Saxony |
Dessau-Roßlau 12 , 13 | 85,424 | 91,973 | 93,459 | 98,402 | 102,529 | 96,754 | 83.153 | 86.906 | 81,237 | 80.103 | 1935 | 1990 | Saxony-Anhalt |
Wilhelmshaven 12 | 112,147 | 101.210 | 100,533 | 102,978 | 99.230 | 90,561 | 85.287 | 81,324 | 76,278 | 76,089 | 1938 | 1979 | Lower Saxony |
Plauen 12 | 109,556 | 84,438 | 79.056 | 82.026 | 78,828 | 71,774 | 71,543 | 66,098 | 64,931 | 64,597 | 1904 | 1945 | Saxony |
Goerlitz | 91,554 | 100.147 | 89.909 | 87,492 | 81,399 | 72,237 | 61,599 | 55,596 | 56,324 | 55,980 | 1949 | 1951 | Saxony |
Other former large cities
The overview contains the cities that were previously large cities, but no longer exist in this form as a municipality. Most of them have since been incorporated into neighboring cities. Lahn was not incorporated, but dissolved ; Elberfeld and Barmen merged with other communities to form the city of Wuppertal .
The last number of inhabitants before the end of the city, the time at which the 100,000 population limit was exceeded for the first time and the name of the city into which the municipality was incorporated, or the other fate of the city are listed. Before the incorporation, some cities temporarily fell below this limit and thus lost their status as large cities. These are marked separately with 15 . The population figures are official updates by the city administration based on the respective historical territorial status of the municipality. They relate to December 31 of the specified year. The results of the census of October 8, 1919 are given for the cities incorporated in Berlin.
Surname | Residents | date | Big city for the first time |
comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Altona | 248,589 | December 31, 1937 | 1884 | April 1, 1938: Incorporation in Hamburg |
Barmen | 190.929 | December 31, 1928 | 1884 | August 1, 1929: Merger with Elberfeld to form Wuppertal |
Buer | 104,654 | December 31, 1927 | 1925 | April 1, 1928: Merger with (de facto: incorporation into ) Gelsenkirchen |
Charlottenburg | 322,766 | October 8, 1919 | 1893 | October 1, 1920: Incorporation in Berlin |
Elberfeld | 173.235 | December 31, 1928 | 1884 | August 1, 1929: Merger with Barmen to Barmen-Elberfeld , since 1930 Wuppertal |
Hamborn 15 , 16 | 129,400 | December 31, 1928 | 1910 | August 1, 1929: Incorporation in Duisburg |
Harburg-Wilhelmsburg | 112.293 | December 31, 1937 | 1927 | April 1, 1938: Incorporation in Hamburg |
Lahn | 153,678 | December 31, 1978 | 1977 | August 1, 1979: Dissolution of the newly formed city in Gießen , Wetzlar , Heuchelheim , Lahnau and Wettenberg on January 1, 1977 |
Lichtenberg | 144,643 | October 8, 1919 | 1912 | October 1, 1920: Incorporation in Berlin |
Rheydt 15 | 99,963 | December 31, 1974 | 1968 | January 1, 1975: Incorporation in Mönchengladbach |
Rixdorf (Neukölln) 17 | 262.127 | October 8, 1919 | 1902 | October 1, 1920: Incorporation in Berlin |
Schöneberg 18 | 175.092 | October 8, 1919 | 1905 | October 1, 1920: Incorporation in Berlin |
Spandau 15 | 95,474 | October 8, 1919 | 1914 | October 1, 1920: Incorporation in Berlin |
Wanne-Eickel 15 | 92,472 | December 31, 1974 | 1955 | January 1, 1975: Incorporation in Herne |
Wilmersdorf 19 | 139.406 | October 8, 1919 | 1909 | October 1, 1920: Incorporation in Berlin |
Big cities that used to belong to Germany
From 1871 to 1937
The overview contains large cities that belonged to Germany between 1871 and 1937 according to the respective territorial status - within the borders recognized under international law (see also German Empire within the borders of December 31, 1937 ). The population figures refer to the census of May 17, 1939. The result of the census of December 1, 1910 is given for Danzig, Mulhouse, Poznan and Strasbourg. The first time the 100,000-inhabitant limit was crossed and the administrative unit to which the city belonged are also listed.
Surname | Residents 2016 |
Residents on ... | date | Big city for the first time |
Administrative unit |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bytom | 169,617 | 101.084 | May 17, 1939 | 1933 | Prussia , Upper Silesia Province (until 1945), today Poland |
Wroclaw | 637.683 | 629,565 | May 17, 1939 | 1842 | Prussia, Lower Silesia Province (until 1945), today Poland |
Danzig | 463.754 | 170,337 | December 1, 1910 | 1876 | Prussia, West Prussia Province (until 1920), today Poland |
Gliwice | 182.156 | 117,240 | May 17, 1939 | 1926 | Prussia, Upper Silesia Province (until 1945), today Poland |
Hindenburg | 175,459 | 126.220 | May 17, 1939 | 1927 | Prussia, Upper Silesia Province (until 1945), today Poland |
Koenigsberg | 459,560 | 372.164 | May 17, 1939 | 1864 | Prussia, East Prussia Province (until 1945), today Russia |
Mulhouse | 108,999 | 95,041 | December 1, 1910 | 1914 | Alsace-Lorraine (until 1919), now France |
Poses | 540,372 | 156.691 | December 1, 1910 | 1899 | Prussia, Posen Province (until 1920), today Poland |
Szczecin | 404.878 | 271,575 | May 17, 1939 | 1886 | Prussia, Pomerania Province (until 1945), today Poland |
Strasbourg | 279.284 | 178,891 | December 1, 1910 | 1878 | Alsace-Lorraine (until 1919), now France |
Added from March 12, 1938 to August 31, 1939
Austria was annexed on March 12, 1938 . The number of large cities grew by the following places listed in the table:
Surname | Residents 2018 |
Resident May 17, 1939 |
Administrative unit |
---|---|---|---|
Vienna | 1,888,776 | 1,929,976 | Reichsgau Vienna |
Graz | 286.292 | 207,747 | Reichsgau Styria |
Linz | 204,846 | 128.195 | Reichsgau Upper Danube |
In early October 1938, the Sudetenland and other smaller areas of Czechoslovakia were annexed; there were no big cities in it. As a result of the so-called " smashing of the rest of the Czech Republic " in March 1939, the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia with the following large cities was created, which was part of the Reich territory according to internal German law at the time :
Surname | Residents 2018 |
Resident June 30, 1940 |
Administrative unit |
---|---|---|---|
Prague | 1,294,513 | 976.759 | Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia |
Brno | 379,527 | 295,400 | |
Moravian-Ostrava | 290,450 | 129.993 | |
Pilsen | 170.936 | 119,832 |
See also
- List of cities in Germany
- List of large and medium-sized cities in Germany
- List of the largest German cities
- List of the largest districts in Germany
- List of former cities in Germany
- List of the 100 largest municipalities in Germany
- List of German municipalities, sorted according to population density
- List of the largest agglomerations in Germany
- List of the smallest municipalities in Germany by population
- List of the smallest cities in Germany by population
- List of the largest cities in the European Union
- List of the largest metropolitan areas in the world
- List of city lists by country
literature
- Imperial Statistical Office (Ed.): Statistical Yearbook for the German Empire , 1880–1918.
- Statistisches Reichsamt (Ed.): Statistical yearbook for the German Reich , 1919–1941 / 42.
- German Association of Cities (Ed.): Statistical Yearbook of German Communities , 1890 ff.
- Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Official municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany , 1952 ff.
- Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany , 1952 ff.
- State Central Administration for Statistics (Ed.): Statistical Yearbook of the German Democratic Republic , 1955–1989.
- Statistical Office of the GDR (ed.): Statistical yearbook of the German Democratic Republic . Rudolf Haufe Verlag, Berlin 1990, ISSN 0323-4258 .
Web links
- Statistical offices of the federal and state governments - directory of local authorities
- State statistical offices
- Members . German Association of Cities
- City population - the largest cities and agglomerations in Germany
- Coordinates, distances and research links between major cities in Germany
- DIW study on the development of the 16 largest German cities since 1999 (from around 500,000 inhabitants), April 2010 (PDF; 765 kB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of Potsdam in 2000 based on the current territorial status: 140,668 ( source ).
- ↑ a b The permanent population of the German Reich according to the results of the 1939 census, volume 2; Berlin 1941 . The number of the resident population was sometimes several thousand higher.