Sens (Yonne)

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Sens
Coat of arms of Sens
Sens (France)
Sens
region Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Department Yonne
Arrondissement Sens
Canton Sens-1 (main town)
Sens-2 (main town)
Community association Grand Sénonais
Coordinates 48 ° 12 '  N , 3 ° 17'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 12 '  N , 3 ° 17'  E
height 62–205 m
surface 27.86 km 2
Residents 25,935 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 931 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 89100
INSEE code 89387
Website Official website of the city

Cathedral with archbishop's palace

Sens [ sɑ̃s ] is a French city with 25,935 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Yonne department and is located on the Yonne river of the same name , into which the Vanne flows here. The city of Sens is only 78 kilometers from Corbeil-Essonnes and the Parisian banlieue . The distance to the Burgundy town of Auxerre is 56 kilometers.

history

Altar in the cathedral

As Agedincum , Sens was the capital of the Celtic people of the Senones in Gallia Celtica in ancient times . Although the place was undoubtedly boggy before the Roman conquest of Gaul , it had already gained importance due to its location at the intersection of two military roads . Caesar was finally able to subject Agedincum, whom he mentions several times, to Roman rule only after the defeat of Vercingetorix (52 BC). After the conquest of Gaul , the position of the confluence of the Yonne and Vanne rivers was slightly relocated, so that the first buildings were built on the site of the present city. In the Roman era, one of the two military roads mentioned ran roughly in a north-south direction as Via Agrippa , while the other, running east-west, connected Genabum ( Orléans ) with Augustabona ( Troyes ).

According to legend, St. Kolumba was beheaded in Sens in 273 AD because, as a Christian, she refused to marry the son of the Roman emperor Aurelian . Sens You may be with that of Ammianus Marcellinus mentioned place Senonae to identify, in the Emperor Julian successfully 356 a month-long siege by the Alemanni by thought. The Romans built amphitheaters , aqueducts , baths and a partially preserved city ​​wall in Sens ; two large necropolises were also discovered. When Emperor Valens divided Gaul into 17 provinces in 375 , Sens became the capital of Lugdunensis IV .

During the Middle Ages, Sens played an important role in church life. It was the seat of a bishop since the late 3rd century , then since the 4th / 5th century. Century seat of an archbishop , who has Theodosius I. the title of Primate of Gaul and Germany led. The Hôtel de Sens in Paris was his residence in the capital.

The Saint-Pierre-le-Vif Abbey was founded at the beginning of the 6th century by Theudechild , daughter of the Frankish King Theuderich I , who was also buried here. The abbey has been under the Benedictine rule since around 564 . Saint-Pierre-le-Vif has been a male monastery since 999.

In 731 or 738 the inhabitants of Sens were able to hold their own against the attacks of the Saracens , and in 886 they withstood a six-month siege by the Normans . Since the 9th century the city belonged to the Duchy of Burgundy and was ruled by its own counts . The battles of these counts with the archbishops or their overlords often led to bloody entanglements. So Richard the judge seized the county in 895, which was lost to Odo of Paris . Hugo the Great conquered Sens in 936 and wrested the county from Hugo the Black . In 1055 this finally came to the French crown domain .

In 1135 construction began on St. Etienne Cathedral , which is considered to be the first Gothic cathedral . Around the middle of the 12th century, the citizens of Sens organized their city as a commune and continued the fight against the clergy. In 1141 Abelard was accused and convicted of heresy at the Council of Sens . From 1163–65 Sens was the seat of Pope Alexander III, who fled Italy . Thomas Beckett spent some time of his exile (1166-70) in the abbey of Sainte-Colombe, 2 km north of Sens . In 1189 Sens received city ​​rights . In 1234 the French King Louis IX celebrated. and Margaret of Provence in Sens's wedding. On September 17, 1477, an armistice was signed here between the later Emperor Maximilian and the French King Louis XI. closed.

Sens was a center of Catholicism during the Huguenot Wars . Many Huguenots were murdered here in 1562 and it was one of the first cities to join the Holy League . As a result, Sens also resisted Henry IV from 1590–94 , for which he deprived the city of its privileges. In 1622 Paris , which had previously been a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Sens, was raised to its own archbishopric and also received jurisdiction over the dioceses of Chartes , Orléans and Meaux, which had previously belonged to the Archdiocese of Sens . During the Sixth Coalition War , Württemberg and Austrian troops succeeded in storming Sens , which was stubbornly defended by General Jacques Alexandre Allix de Vaux in 1814. The Archdiocese of Sens, which was abolished in 1801, was restored in 1822. During the Franco-Prussian War , Sens was occupied by German troops in 1870/71.

Attractions

Synodal Palace in Sens
  • The Cathedral of Sens
  • The old Episcopal Palace that houses the Sens museums, including a large collection of medieval art in France
  • Synodal Palace, built in the 13th century
  • House of Abraham
  • City theater , inaugurated in 1882
  • Town hall , inaugurated in 1904

economy

Located in a rich agricultural region, Sens has a diverse processing industry, with pharmaceutical companies, electronics companies and food manufacturers. Many of Sens's industries have merged with those of Paris.

traffic

The station of Sens, which is on the Paris – Marseille railway line , has five tracks on three platforms and is mainly served by TER Bourgogne local trains. There are u. a. Connections to Paris, Auxerre and Dijon . The Paris-Bercy train station can be reached in 50 minutes. A pair of TGV trains also stops on the route from Melun to Marseille every day . Sens has a city bus service with nine lines that serve the city and the surrounding area. In addition, Sens is connected to the motorway network via the A 19 autoroute .

sons and daughters of the town

Twin cities

All four cities are also twin cities to one another. Every year numerous meetings and exchanges take place between schools and associations as well as internship exchanges from industry and trade.

There has been a friendship treaty with the city since 1999

A special town twinning agreement has existed since 2012

See also

Others

Web links

Commons : Sens  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ^ P. Wuilleumier: Agedincum. In: The Little Pauly (KlP). Volume 1, Stuttgart 1964, column 123.
  2. ↑ Max Ihm : Agedincum . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume I, 1, Stuttgart 1893, Col. 768.
  3. ↑ a b c C. Rolley:  Agedincum (Sens), Yonne, France . In: Richard Stillwell et al. a. (Ed.): The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 1976, ISBN 0-691-03542-3 .
  4. ↑ Caesar: De bello Gallico 6, 44 and 7, 10.
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Sens , in: Encyclopædia Britannica . 11th edition. 1910-11, vol. 24, p. 648.
  6. ↑ Ammianus Marcellinus, Res gestae 16, 4, 1ff .; on this Klaus Rosen : Julian. Emperor, God and haters of Christians . Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-608-94296-3 , p. 141 f.
  7. ↑ a b Sens (Yonne) . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 14, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 867.
  8. ^ Karl Ferdinand Werner : The origins of France up to the year 1000. dtv, 1995, ISBN 3-423-04653-8 , pp. 448 and 493.
  9. ↑ a b Sens. In: Encyclopædia Britannica online.
  10. ↑ Sens. In: Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon. 14th edition. Volume 14, 1892-96, p. 861.