Langlade (Gard)
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| region | Occitania | |
| Department | Gard | |
| Arrondissement | Nîmes | |
| Canton | Saint-Gilles | |
| Community association | Nîmes metropolis | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 48 ' N , 4 ° 15' E | |
| height | 48-165 m | |
| surface | 9 km 2 | |
| Residents | 2,190 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 243 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 30980 | |
| INSEE code | 30138 | |
 Mill from Langlade |
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Langlade ( Occitan L'Anglada ) is a French commune with 2190 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Gard department in the Occitanie region .
geography
Langlade is ten kilometers southwest of the city of Nîmes and is part of the Vaunage landscape . It is located in the transition zone between the historic regions of Provence and Languedoc . The municipality is traversed by the Rhôny and the Ruisseau de Lagau . The neighboring municipalities of Langlade are Clarensac and Caveirac in the north, Milhaud in the east, Bernis in the southeast, Nages-et-Solorgues in the southwest and Saint-Dionisy in the west. The settlement area merges with that of Nages-et-Solorgues.
The soil in Langlade consists of limestone and is rich in clay minerals . This favors viticulture , which is an important industry. The Mediterranean climate , favorable wind conditions and the character of the surrounding area as hilly also contribute to the spread of this tradition .
Culture and history
history
The existence of a villa on the Rhôny is documented from the beginning of the first millennium, when the region was occupied by the Romans . A Roman road in the south of the Vaunage caused the settlers of that time to move down from the hills into the valley. On the one hand, this meant that the valley was used for growing grain and from there there was a better connection to Nîmes. On the other hand, the hills continued to be used for sheep breeding in the Middle Ages. The place developed around the Saint-Julien church , the existence of which has been documented since 1149. Next to her the parsonage , a cemetery and a hospital formed the center of the village. The place was surrounded in the shape of an elongated rectangle by walls to protect the population. These ensured that the size of the place did not change significantly at first. The local church was damaged in the course of the Huguenot Wars . Around the same time, a Protestant cemetery outside the walls and a small church in the hamlet of Saint-Estève near the border with Clarensac were built. The latter was probably destroyed by the French Revolution . Despite the extensive expulsion of Protestants from France, the residents of Langlade remained almost completely loyal to the denomination they had joined around 1530, so that the local church joined the Reformed Church by a law of 1802 . In earlier times they had to pay protection money in order not to be expelled or murdered.
In Langlade in the 17th century was a relay of the post office built. In the 19th century Langlade was affected by the abandonment of the Roman road in 1813, which resulted in the closure of the post office relay, but benefited from the fact that a road near the town became the main connection between Nîmes and Sommières . In the 1870s, viticulture, which made up 70 percent of the area under cultivation, experienced a serious crisis due to phylloxera . The connection to the railway succeeded in 1882 with the opening of the Nîmes- Le Vigan line , where Langlade was given its own station. A branch of the post office was opened in 1896 and a new school opened in 1970. Since 1935, due to the amalgamation of the Catholic and Protestant cemeteries, there is only one cemetery in Langlade. It's out of town. A multipurpose hall was built in 1988 to strengthen local life and in 2001 the Saint-Julien church reopened after renovation work. However, due to the high level of immigration, especially in the second half of the 20th century, the relative proportion of Protestant residents has declined sharply.
Origin of name
The first documented mention of the place comes from the year 1125, when it appeared under the name Anglata . This name goes back to an Occatin term that describes a rectangular area. This means the shape of the place in the early phase of its existence. At the end of the Middle Ages, the place appeared under Langlade and L'Anglade, whereby the former form was able to prevail.
Population development
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2010 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 366 | 381 | 646 | 1193 | 1603 | 1834 | 2083 | 2190 |
Buildings
The Saint-Julien church, which has been Protestant since 1802, is located in the center of the village and is surrounded by numerous old houses. It is made of limestone and includes a large bell tower next to the nave. The interior of the church is laid out as an arched vault . The Langlade Lavoir, built in 1822, was used to supply water. Since 1938, however, this has been ensured by the municipality of Bernis , so that the Lavoir has largely lost its original purpose. In the hills around Langlade there are a large number of capitelles , which are stone huts used by farmers and winemakers. Their use declined, mainly due to the phylloxera infestation of the vineyards and was not resumed afterwards.
A well-known building is the Langlade mill, which was first mentioned in 1211. It is often referred to as the Moulin de Cavalier ( Cavalier Mill) after the Protestant warlord Jean Cavalier . This led his fighters at the mill in a battle against a Catholic unit. The mill has been owned by the municipality since 1992, and had it restored in 2004.
Langlade Castle is particularly known for its winery . Mainly the wine from the Vaunage cultivation areas is processed there. The processing plant has been recognized for its quality by the Agricultural Society of the Gard department.
Due to the connection to the railroad, Langlade has a train station that was built in the course of the connection to the railway in 1882. Because the train service was gradually discontinued, most recently with the closure of the Nîmes- Ganges line in 1991, the station also lost its function. The building was still preserved.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Mairie de Langlade , annuaire-mairie.fr
- ↑ a b c d langlade.blogspirit.com ( Memento of the original from October 6, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
