Combas
| Combas | ||
|---|---|---|
.svg)
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| region | Occitania | |
| Department | Gard | |
| Arrondissement | Nîmes | |
| Canton | Calvisson | |
| Community association | Pays de Sommieres | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 51 ' N , 4 ° 7' E | |
| height | 55-274 m | |
| surface | 16.04 km 2 | |
| Residents | 628 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 39 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 30250 | |
| INSEE code | 30088 | |
| Website | combas.ccpaysdesommieres.fr | |
 Place de la Liberté in town |
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Combas is a French commune with 628 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Gard department in the Occitanie region .
geography
Combas is located 20 kilometers west of the city of Nîmes and 33 kilometers northeast of Montpellier . The border with the Hérault department runs a few kilometers to the southwest . The municipality is traversed by the Aigalade , Brie and Ruisseau de Saint-Martin streams , while the Vidourle, a few kilometers further west, is the closest river. To the north and west of the core town there is a Cretaceous formation with a view of the geology , overgrown by a large forest area. The surface of the other parts of the parish dates back to the Tertiary and emerged from the remains of a once-existing lake.
The neighboring municipalities of Combas are Crespian in the north, Saint-Mamert-du-Gard in the north-west (point of contact), Montpezat in the west, Souvignargues in the south-west, Fontanès in the south and south-east and Vic-le-Fesq in the east.
Infrastructure
The D999, a regional traffic axis that connects the Ganges with Nîmes, runs through the area in an east-west direction . The D6110 provides connections to Sommières and Montpellier to the south and Alès to the north.
Culture and history
history
Around 3000 BC, farmers became the first permanent residents of what is now the municipality's territory. The first settlement was followed by a constant change of different civilizations until the French Mediterranean area fell under the control of the Romans around 120 BC . The occupiers ensured that the entire plain was cultivated for agriculture, which at the same time led to the town growing. While numerous remains from the Roman period, which lasted until the 5th century AD, are preserved, less is known from the following period; it is believed that the settlement declined sharply in size after the disappearance of the Romans.
The first mention of the place in its current form took place on November 11, 879 in a sales deed , where it appeared under the name Combatio . In 1099, with the purchase of the church by the Psalmody Abbey , the village became the property of the same and at that time it was called Villa Combatis . Numerous other mentions followed under similar names. In the course of the Middle Ages and early modern times, the community was resold several times and was therefore subject to various seigneurs . From 1521 onwards, the noble house of Narbonne Peylet became rulers for centuries and only lost power with the French Revolution in 1789. A previously independent fiefdom around the hamlet of Cannac was probably incorporated into Combas in the late 16th century.
In 1364 Combas became the scene of a military conflict, whereupon the existing fortifications were expanded and the church was also given military equipment. At the time of the Huguenot Wars , the place fell temporarily into the hands of the Protestants. When Protestant troops holed up in the fortifications, the buildings fell victim to the fighting on June 29, 1562 and only ruins remained. Further disasters followed when the region was struck by a plague wave in 1653 and was later the scene of the religiously motivated Cevennes Wars from 1702 to 1705 . In 1790 Combas was assigned to the diocese of Nîmes after it had previously been part of the diocese of Uzès .
Churches
The existence of a church in the village has been documented since 1099, when it passed into the possession of the Psalmody Abbey under the name Saint-Brice , which still exists today . However, nothing more is known about the date of construction of today's Catholic Church, even if the nave dates from the 12th century and has the Romanesque architectural style. The side chapels, however, are younger and were built in the 19th century, while the bell tower was built in the 18th century. The 19 by 8 meter long ship is traversed by a 6 by 18 meter long transept. In addition, it has some Romanesque characteristics such as an apse that is lowered opposite the main nave. In the rear part there is a raised grandstand which is accessible via stairs. A restoration of the building was carried out from 1996 to 2000.
Historically, the church was involved in the defense of the place and had as an increase of the nave and the apse a jagged parapet that offered the possibility of fighting infections. At the entrance at that time there was a dungeon and in various places the religious building was equipped with loopholes . Above all, the north wall of the church was strengthened, as an attack was most likely to be expected from there due to the geographic conditions. On June 5, 1703, 300 camisards managed to take both the village and the church during the Cevennes Wars. Both they and the royal army, which attacked the building because of the camisards there, caused severe damage. Some traces of it have been preserved on the walls.
While France is mainly Catholic, there is a strong Protestant minority in the entire region around Nîmes, which is why there is also a church of this denomination in Combas. This was extensively renovated around the turn of the millennium and reopened in 2003.
Population development
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2010 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 316 | 287 | 313 | 357 | 381 | 433 | 569 | 628 |
In 1793 the commune was inhabited by 480 people and in the following years it experienced an increase to a provisional high of 577 inhabitants, which were counted in 1831. After a significant decrease, there were still 426 people living in Combas in 1901 and despite a temporary increase, the world wars and the post-war period brought such population losses with them that in 1968 the low of 287 inhabitants came with them. After that, there was again a strong increase and the 500-inhabitant mark was exceeded in the new millennium.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Mairie de Combas , annuaire-mairie.fr
- ↑ a b c Histoire de Combas , combas.ccpaysdesommieres.fr
- ↑ Généralités , combas.ccpaysdesommieres.fr
- ↑ Articles MidiLibre 2002-2007 ( Memento of the original from March 16, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , combas.ccpaysdesommieres.fr
- ↑ Combas - Notice Communale , cassini.ehess.fr
