Narrow sands

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 54 ° 44 '  N , 8 ° 58'  E
Basic data
State :	Schleswig-Holstein
Circle :	North Friesland
Office :	Südtondern
Height :	11 m above sea level NHN
Area :	24.82 km 2
Residents:	1114 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	45 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	25917
Primaries :	04662, 04672
License plate :	NF
Community key :	01 0 54 167
Office administration address:	Marktstrasse 12 25899 Niebüll
Website :	www.enge-sande.de
Mayor :	Carsten Peter Thomsen (WGES)
Location of the municipality of Enge-Sande in the district of North Friesland

Enge-Sande ( North Frisian : Ding-Sönj , South Jutian : Æng-'Sanj , Low German : Eng-De Sand ) is a municipality in the district of North Friesland in Schleswig-Holstein . Enge, Sande, Soholm, Schardebüll (Danish Skardebøl ), Engerheide ( Engehede ) and Knorburg ( Knorborg ) are in the municipality.

Geography and traffic

Enge-Sande is about 30 km north of Husum and 30 km west of Flensburg, not far from the town of Leck and the Danish border. North of the community, on the edge of the Geest , is the historic western ox trail . It leads through the Langenberg Forest , which with the 45 meter high Rantzauhöhe has the third highest elevation in North Friesland . In 1878, this area was afforested on 420 hectares by the state of Schleswig-Holstein by prisoners from Glückstadt under the direction of Carl Emeis. Previously, the area was a heather area that was overgrown with many wild shrubs. State road 4 runs through Soholm from Stadum to Bredstedt .

history

Referendum in the Schleswig region in 1920

Finds of about 14,000 year old stone axes and other tools indicate settlement as early as the Stone Age .

The village of Sande was first mentioned in a document in the dunning and raising register of the Church of Enge in 1636 in the form of Up dem Sande and Enge upt Sand.

The storm surge of 1634 claimed its victims in the municipality of Enge: According to records, 50 people and 142 animals were killed. In addition, four houses in the “Ackern” area fell victim to the flood.

Until the German-Danish War in 1864, Enge-Sande was part of the Danish Duchy of Schleswig ( Sønderjylland ) and formed its own parish (Danish sogn ) within the Karrharde ( Kær Herred ). In 1867 it became part of the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein . Until 1920 the community belonged to the former district of Tondern and was thus part of Zone II ("central zone") in the Schleswig referendum on March 14, 1920. The southern part of Tondern voted with a large majority for Germany, so that today's community of Enge Sande, like the majority of the rest of the communities belonging to Zone II, was awarded to Germany. Historically, there is now a Danish minority in the area. However, the municipality itself has no Danish institutions or associations. These are located in the nearby village of Leck.

village life

From the beginning to the middle of the 19th century, many community residents worked as weavers . The “linen and striped woolen stuff” they produced was mainly sold in Husum and Flensburg markets. According to the source, the village of Soholm is said to have been a pure fishing village , as the Soholmer Au is said to have been rich in fish at the time. Only one fisherman's hut is said to have stood in the town of Knorburg, which was demolished at the beginning of the 19th century. From the middle of the 19th century, most of the residents made a living from livestock farming, including cattle, horses and sheep, although some residents still "have a loom or spinning wheel in use". Since the arable land was poor, many villagers traveled to Nordstrand , Eiderstedt etc. to do harvest work in the late summer months in order to earn money. From the middle of the 19th century, many farmers in what is now Enge-Sande also bought or leased their own marsh meadows in the Kögen to the west to obtain additional hay . In addition, most of the community residents obtained their peat from their own land, which lay under the clay layer of the meadows.

Community structure

The farms in the west of the village of Enge had their lands in the north and south of their farm ("from the Au to the Langenberg"). The farms in the eastern part were mostly jointly owned, which is why the lands were not defined. Until the 19th century, ordinary farms were called “Bondengut”, which in the legal sense belonged to the Tondern or Karrhardenvogtei , while the house and land were privately owned. Farmers who had lost the rights of disposal over their property had to enter into a special lease agreement with the respective “sovereign”. These sovereigns were in the village of Enge:

• the cathedral chapter in Schleswig - the community of clergy at the cathedral
• The Fresenhagen estate , which has existed since 1534; until the 17th century the dependency developed into serfdom.
• the goods Klixbüllhof and Karrharde (originated in the 15th century)
• several foreign / noble goods
• the Duke of Schleswig
• the church at Klixbüll (The so-called "vicariate estates", which were donated to the church by the Sönksen family in the 15th century, belonged to it. These came into the hands of the state after the Reformation .)
• the Church of St. Nikolai in Flensburg (through the income transfer of a noble lady from Klixbüll in 1483; in the 16th century this was contested by the Fresenhagen estate.)

According to sources, the Schleswig Cathedral already had seven courtyards in Sande, Perebüll and Ackern and one in Enge in 1352. Here the farmers in Sande paid the cathedral a tax of seven pounds sterling, while the estate in Enge only paid five shillings sterling. Precise information on the frequency of payments is not given.

In addition to the leasing of farms, there were so-called “Freibonden” in the community, which came into the possession of simple farmers in the Middle Ages through purchase, marriage or pledging from former local nobles. In a few cases there were so-called cottages in Enge , which were small houses without land in which workers or traders lived. After all, there were several mills in the village. The last of its kind, the layout of which can still be seen today, was shut down in 1979.

languages

The municipality of Enge-Sande is characterized by a historically determined linguistic diversity. In addition to High German, Schleswig Low German (Low German), North Frisian and Danish are also common locally .

The community divided its linguistic preferences early on. The resident pastor Johann Andreas Iversen (in office 1834-1840) noted that the languages ​​in the west of the parish Enge, including Engerheide and Schardebüll, were mainly North Frisian and German, while German and Danish were spoken in the eastern part of the parish . At the same time, Danish is said to have only seldom appeared "when it was still consistently common 1 or 2 generations ago". In addition, Iversen wrote that the linguistic attitude was reflected in "Customs and Conciliations".

In the topography of the Duchy of Schleswig by Henning Oldekop, Kiel 1906 (X130 / 131) it was recorded that the residents of the village of Sande were "mostly of Frisian descent" and still used their vernacular. However, Albrecht Johannsen reported in 1927 that only 25 to 50 percent of the local population spoke the Karrhard dialect .

Today both Frisian and Danish are minority languages ​​in the area, with Karrhard Frisian being threatened with extinction. In contrast, Danish is kept alive and nurtured in the municipality by the Danish institutions of the Danish School Association, Dansk Skoleforening for Sydslesvig , located in the surrounding area . However, the Danish dialect Sønderjysk, which was originally used in the area, is not taught and is therefore also threatened with extinction in this region. Instead, a variety of Imperial Danish (Hochdänischen) is widespread with Southern Schleswig- Danish.

Church building

On February 1, 1974, the former municipalities of Enge, Enger Heide were (Danish Engehede ; North Frisian Dinghii ) Knorburg (. Dän Knorborg ., Nordfr Knorborch ), Sands, Schardebüll (Dan. Skardebøl ) and Soholm the new municipality Enge-Sande together. Soholm has around 134 inhabitants (as of 2009). With only eleven houses, Knorburg is the smallest of the six former communities.

Population development

Church data on income, expenses, births, baptisms, etc. record the historical population development in the municipality of Enge-Sande shown in the table.

The 1961 and 1970 figures come from the censuses on June 6, 1961 and May 27, 1970.

place	1896	1901	1906	1911	1921	1926	1961	1970
Tightness	363	361	313	332	312	347	336	313
Engerheide	84	80	74	106	83	84	66	56
Knorburg	25th	27	27	30th	27	21st	33	34
Sands	175	187	185	191	180	188	279	389
Schardebull	98	107	106	99	106	105	75	79
Soholm	150	142	150	147	172	193	142	158

church

North side of the Enger Church

Church altar of the narrow church

Devil sowing weeds on the narrow church ceiling

The narrow church was built in the 13th century and consecrated to St. Catherine of Alexandria . The carved altar dates from 1520 and, according to legend, was saved from a church that sank in the Burchardi flood in 1634. The church was rebuilt at the beginning of the 17th century. The wood-paneled ceiling is painted with a depiction of the village of Enge from 1779. A devil sowing weeds is painted between the peasants, depicting the parable of fourfold fields ( Mt. 13 EU ).

Today the parishes of Enge and Stedesand share a "connected" pastoral office, which belongs to the parish of North Friesland. Pastor Anja Nickelsen-Reimers looks after the parish of Enge, to which the surrounding districts of Sande, Soholm, Schardebüll, Engerheide, Holzacker and Knorburg belong. Pastor Thomas Reimers looks after the Stedesand parish, which includes Westerschnatebüll, Broweg, the Störtewerkoog with Trollebüll, Schweinhallig and Hasenhallig.

In 2009 the parish celebrated its 650th anniversary.

Pastor Werner Stümke founded the local trombone choir in 1963 with the help of the trombone attendant at the time, Hans-Heinrich Oldsen.

List of narrow pastors

Term of office	pastor
1645-1661	Paul Laurentii
1662-1698	Laurentius Nicolai
1698-1746	Laurentius Carstens
1747-1783	Carsten Carstensen
1783-1789	Peter Ludwig Bernth
1790-1792	Gerhard Holst
1792-1801	Christian Thomas
1801-1808	Johann Martensen Zoëga
1809-1818	Christian Hansen Hoeg
1818-1834	Peter Hassberg
1834-1840	Johann Andreas Iversen
1841-1846	Friedrich Wilhelm Linde
1847-1858	Gotthard Peter Petersen
1859-1864	Theodor OWH Groth
1864	Wilhelm J. Steger
1865-1868	Johann H. Andresen
1868-1876	Friedrich Prahl
1876-1887	Johann Fr. Hansen
1888-1896	Johann Friedrich Matthiesen
1896-1908	Ove Gerhard Göttsche
1908-1910	Rudolf Schlepper
1910-1927	Paul C. Bünz
1927-1931	Heinrich Johannsen
1932-1933	Administration by Stedesander Pastor Rudolf Muuß
1933-1940	Curt Hansen
1940-1945	Administration by Stedesander Pastor Rudolf Muuß
1945–1961	Emil Schneider
1961-1963	Carl Schmidt
1963-1996	Werner Stümke
1996–	Anja Nickelsen-Reimers

(Source below)

politics

Community representation

Of the eleven seats in the municipal council, the Enge-Sande voter group (WG) has had six and the CDU five seats since the 2008 local elections . The election on May 26, 2013 confirmed this result. The last voter turnout was 57.7 percent.

coat of arms

Blazon : "In blue, a raised golden three-mountain topped with a six-spoke red cartwheel over a blue wave bar."

The three golden mountains are supposed to symbolize the heights of the Langenberger Forest and the Geestrücken, which borders the community in the north. The spokes symbolize the six original communities from which Enge-Sande was formed in 1974, and the wavy ribbon is the symbol for the Soholmer Au, which borders the community to the south.

Infrastructure

Until 2011 there was a naval ammunition depot in Sande, which included a 105 meter high transmission tower made of reinforced concrete . The property of the ammunition dump was handed over by the Bundeswehr to the Federal Agency for Real Estate Tasks in 2012 . The site was connected to the Marschbahn via a siding, where the community used to have a passenger station. In November 2012, the municipality applied to Deutsche Bahn to remove all warning and information signs along the siding.

In the narrow area there is a kindergarten and a primary school, which functions as a branch of the "Primary School an der Linde" in Leck. A publicly accessible outdoor pool belongs to the primary school.

Personalities

• The poet and linguist Moritz Momme Nissen (1822–1902) was born in Stedesand .
• The bicycle pioneer Gregers Nissen (1867–1942) was born in Soholm.
• The pastor and provost Eduard Juhl (1884–1975) was born in Enge.
• Klaus-Jürgen Liedtke (* 1950), writer and translator

literature

In 1997 the community published the village chronicle "Chronicle of the community Enge-Sande". The sold out first edition was 300 copies. The 224-page chronicle includes a detailed elaboration of historical data on the village of Enge with information on the individual houses in the village of Enge. Further sections deal with the history of the new parish and the parish Enge, clubs and associations as well as private stories and stories about the parish. A second volume, published in 2008, deals primarily with the history and development of the village of Sande. Both works are mainly based on the sources in Carsten Block's archive.

Web links

Commons : Narrow Sands  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files

• Enge-Sande municipality

Individual evidence

1. ↑ North Statistics Office - Population of the municipalities in Schleswig-Holstein 4th quarter 2019 (XLSX file) (update based on the 2011 census) ( help on this ).
2. ↑ Schleswig-Holstein topography. Vol. 3: Ellerbek - Groß Rönnau . 1st edition Flying-Kiwi-Verl. Junge, Flensburg 2003, ISBN 978-3-926055-73-6 , p. 52 ( dnb.de [accessed April 17, 2020]).
3. ^ Municipality of Enge-Sande: Chronicle of the municipality of Enge-Sande (1997), p. 116; Chronicle of the municipality of Enge-Sande . Volume 2 (2008), p. 6.
4. ^ Community Enge-Sande (2008): Chronicle of the community Enge-Sande. Volume 2, p. 149
5. ↑ Municipality of Enge-Sande (1997): Chronicle of the municipality of Enge-Sande, p. 6.
6. ^ Community Enge-Sande (1997): Chronicle of the community Enge-Sande, p. 202.
7. ↑ Municipality of Enge-Sande (1997): Chronicle of the municipality of Enge-Sande, p. 6.
8. ^ Community Enge-Sande (2008): Chronicle of the community Enge-Sande. Volume 2, p. 149
9. ^ Community Enge-Sande (1997): Chronicle of the community Enge-Sande. P. 54 ff.
10. ↑ Municipality of Enge-Sande (1997): Chronicle of the municipality of Enge-Sande, p. 6.
11. ^ Community Enge-Sande (2008): Chronicle of the community Enge-Sande. Volume 2, p. 152
12. ^ Albrecht Johannsen (1929): The Frisian language in North Frisia as of December 1, 1927 . In: L. C. Peters (Ed.) (1929): Nordfriesland. Home book for the districts of Husum and Südtondern . Husum, pp. 694-697, p. 727
13. ↑ Franz Christopher von Jessen: Haandbog det slesvigske Spørgmaals historie 1900-1937 , Volume 2, 1938, page 441
14. ^ Nordfriisk Instituut: Nordfriesland-Karte , Bräist / Bredstedt 2011
15. ↑ Johannes Kok: Det danske folkesprog i Sønderjylland , Volume 2, København 1867, p. 343
16. ↑ ^{a b} Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 182 .
17. ^ Community of Enge-Sande (1997): Chronicle of the community of Enge-Sande, p. 13.
18. ↑ http://enge-stedesand.de/
19. ^ Community Enge-Sande (2008): Chronicle of the community Enge-Sande. Volume 2, p. 303
20. ^ Community Enge-Sande (2008): Chronicle of the community Enge-Sande. Volume 2, p. 282
21. ^ Municipality of Enge-Sande (1997): Chronicle of the municipality of Enge-Sande, p. 82 f.
22. ↑ Web editor: Results of the 2013 municipal elections in the South Tondern office. In: www.amt-suedtondern.de. Office Südtondern, accessed on June 22, 2013 . 
23. ↑ Schleswig-Holstein's municipal coat of arms
24. ^ Federal Ministry of Defense: Report on the status of the realignment of the Bundeswehr. (PDF; 309 kB) May 8, 2013, p. 53 , accessed on May 18, 2013 . 
25. ↑ Connection to the marine ammunition depot since 2008 out of service. Retrieved March 19, 2013 . 
26. ↑ Jernbaneadvarsel uden jernbane , Flensborg Avis of November 17, 2012, page 6
27. ^ Community Enge-Sande (1997): Chronicle of the community Enge-Sande
28. ^ Community Enge-Sande (2008): Chronicle of the community Enge-Sande. Volume 2