Iron Curtain Trail (EV13)

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Eurovelo EV13
Iron Curtain Trail (ICT)
Iron Curtain Trail August 2009.jpg
overall length 9950 km
location NorwayNorway Norway Finland Russia Estonia Latvia Lithuania Poland Germany Czech Republic Austria Slovakia Hungary Slovenia Croatia Serbia Romania Bulgaria North Macedonia Greece Turkey
FinlandFinland 
RussiaRussia 
EstoniaEstonia 
LatviaLatvia 
LithuaniaLithuania 
PolandPoland 
GermanyGermany 
Czech RepublicCzech Republic 
AustriaAustria 
SlovakiaSlovakia 
HungaryHungary 
SloveniaSlovenia 
CroatiaCroatia 
SerbiaSerbia 
RomaniaRomania 
BulgariaBulgaria 
North MacedoniaNorth Macedonia 
GreeceGreece 
TurkeyTurkey 
map
Iron Curtain Trail
Starting point Grense Jakobselv near Kirkenes
69 ° 46 ′ 30.4 ″  N , 30 ° 49 ′ 52 ″  E
Target point Rezovo ( Bulgarian Резово )
41 ° 59 '2 "  N , 28 ° 1' 50.2"  O
Website URL eurovelo13.com

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The EuroVelo Route EV13 (“Iron Curtain Trail”, ICT) is a European long-distance cycle route . The route is supposed to run for about 9,950 kilometers from the Barents Sea to the Black Sea . It leads through 20 countries and passes 14  UNESCO World Heritage Sites .

During the Cold War ran along many sections of the current cycle track of the "Iron Curtain" ( English Iron Curtain ) . In contrast to the European Green Belt project , a biotope network , which largely covers the Iron Curtain Trail, there are no secondary routes branching off from the long-distance cycle path (such as the route from the border triangle Austria, Hungary and Slovenia to the Adriatic ).

Realization projects

The Iron Curtain Trail is being implemented in three implementation projects:

  • The northern part leads over 4127 kilometers from the Barents Sea to the German-Polish border.
  • The central section runs over 2179 kilometers in Germany, the Czech Republic, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary and Slovenia.
  • The southern part leads over 1335 kilometers through Croatia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Greece and Turkey to the Black Sea.

The expansion of the cycle path has not yet been completed and the current status is displayed on the EuroVelo13 homepage.

In terms of navigability, in terms of surface quality and traffic volume, the majority of the 7642 total kilometers of the route are in sufficient shape according to studies from December 2012, but 761 km are in insufficient shape (242 km in the north, 180 km in the central and 338 km in the southern part). According to the studies mentioned, the signposting is not yet available for 3153 km in the northern, 246 km in the central and 338 km in the southern part.

For further expansion, it was planned in 2012 to use around 191 million euros by 2020. The realization of this cycle path was and is funded by the European Union by the European Parliament . The funding will, in parts, last until 2020.

In the National Cycling Plan 2020 published by the German federal government in 2012, the aim is to include the ICT or the national cycle route “Green Belt Germany” in the D network , which has largely been done before the route was certified as a cultural route by the Council of Europe. As a result, the cycle path gained national importance in the run-up to certification.

The long-distance cycle route was certified as a cultural route by the Council of Europe in 2019 and is sometimes referred to in German as the Iron Curtain Road in publications by the Council of Europe . In most documents and for the signs, only the original name is used in German-speaking countries.

Routing

Norway

The route in Norway starts in Grense Jakobselv near Kirkenes , runs through Neiden and leads to the border crossing to Finland.

Finland

The Iron Curtain Trail in Finland is divided into 43 stages. Each of these stages is between 6 and 80 kilometers long.

Stages

The evidence given in the footnotes is linked directly to the maps for the respective section.

  • Näätämö - Suojanperä 64 km
  • Suojanperä - Inari 80 km
  • Inari - Saariselkä 71 km
  • Saariselkä - Peurasuvanto 77 km
  • Peurasuvanto - Sodankylä 54 km
  • Sodankylä - Pyhäjärvi 62 km
  • Pyhäjärvi - Savukoski 60 km
  • Savukoski - Salla 80 km
  • Salla - Oulanka, Northern Ostrobothnia 52 km
  • Oulanka, Northern Ostrobothnia - Kuusamo 63 km
  • Kuusamo - Poussuntie 16 km
  • Poussuntie - Teeriranta, Kainuu 54 km
  • Teeriranta, Kainuu - Ruhtinansalmi 40 km
  • Ruhtinansalmi - Suomussalmi 62 km
  • Suomussalmi, Ämmänsaari - Raatteentie 23 km
  • Raatteentie - Ala-vuokki 27 km
  • Ala-Vuokki - Lentiira 61 km
  • Lentiira - Kuhmo 42 km
  • Kuhmo - Teljo, North Karelia 51 km
  • Teljo, North Karelia - Nurmijärvi 27 km
  • Nurmijärvi - Lieksa 29 km
  • Lieksa - Pötsönvaara 61 km
  • Pötsönvaara - Hattujärvi 27 km, gravel
  • Hattujärvi - Ilomantsi 43 km
  • Ilomantsi - Niirala 76 km
  • Niirala - Tohmajärvi 17 km
  • Tohmajärvi - Kitee 20 km
  • Kitee - Raikuu, South Savo 37 km
  • Raikuu, South Savo-Savonlinna 47 km
  • Savonlinna - Punkaharju 53 km
  • Punkaharju - Vapanen, South Karelia 7 km
  • Vapanen, South Karelia - Parikkala 15 km
  • Parikkala - Huhtanen 55 km
  • Huhtanen - Imatra 19 km
  • Imatra - Nuijamaa 40 km
  • Nuijamaa - Lauritsala 22 km
  • Lauritsala - Lappeenranta 9 km
  • Lappeenranta - Vainikkala 27 km
  • Vainikkala - Hyttilä 19 km
  • Hyttilä - Muurikkala 25 km
  • Muurikkala - Miehikkälä 13 km
  • Miehikkälä - Virolahti 9 km
  • Virolahti - Vaalimaa 6 km

Russia

For the Russian parts of the route in Leningrad Oblast there is currently no fixed route.

From the Finnish-Russian border near Nuijamaa to Saint Petersburg, the route will presumably run along the A127 road and then, from Vyborg , near the A123 road. From Saint Petersburg to the border with Estonia, the suggested route of the European Cycle Route R1 can also be assumed for the EV13 ( Peterhof , Kingissepp , Ivangorod ).

Estonia

The route runs in Estonia on the national cycle route EE1, the Estonia Coastal Route. It runs along the coast of Narva via Sillamäe , Kohtla-Järve , past the Lahemaa National Park to the capital Tallinn . Further west through Laulasmaa, Padise , Nõva to Haapsalu . Next, the route goes over Hiiumaa Island . The further route runs over the island of Saaremaa , which is largely circled. It happens Kuressaare . On to the island of Muhu and then, again on the mainland, to Pärnu and along the coast to the Latvian border.

Latvia

The route leads from the border to Estonia via Ainaži , along the coast to Salacgrīva , then further inland to Limbaži and via Sigulda and Ropaži to Rīga , further through the seaside resort of Jūrmala to Courland, partly circling the peninsula, partly crossing, through Jūrkalne, to the seaside resort of Liepāja and the Lithuanian border.

Lithuania

The route runs along the LT5 national cycle route in Lithuania. Starting at the border with Latvia, via Palanga to Klaipėda and then on the Curonian Spit to Nida on the border with the Russian exclave.

Russia (Kaliningrad)

From the border crossing at Morskoje over the Curonian Spit to Zelenogradsk , Svetlogorsk and Kaliningrad , from there on the A194 road to the border to Poland.

Poland

The route leads in Poland from the border at Gronowo along the Baltic Sea coast via Frombork , Kadyny , Gdańsk , Gdynia , Krokowa , Główczyce , Ustka , Darłowo , Kołobrzeg , Mrzeżyno , Trzebiatów and Rewal and reaches the German border at Świnoujście .

Germany

In Germany, the route initially runs along the Baltic Sea coast on the same route as the D-Netz route D2 Baltic Sea coast route to shortly before Travemünde and then follows the national “Green Belt Germany” cycle route for 1,129 km to the border with the Czech Republic.

Signpost with ICT badges

The route runs from the Polish border near Ahlbeck via Usedom to Greifswald , circles the island of Rügen , continues to Stralsund and then over the Darß to Warnemünde . Via Kühlungsborn and Wismar , the route turns south shortly before Travemünde .

Through the outskirts of Lübeck , past the Ratzeburger See via Zarrentin to the Elbe near Lauenburg , then following the Elbe upwards to Schnackenburg , past the Arendsee through the Wendland via Wustrow and Brome , past Helmstedt and Schöningen to Hornburg . The Harz Mountains are reached at Ilsenburg and must be crossed before the route towards Duderstadt and Bad Sooden-Allendorf comes back into flatter terrain in Ellrich . The path follows the Werra valley , past Eisenach , to Vacha . Then it goes through the Rhön, past Point Alpha , via Tann and Frankenheim . Via Fladungen and Höchheim , Bad Rodach and Mönchröden to Neustadt bei Coburg , Stockheim , Tettau , Lauenstein , Lehesten to Blankenstein in the Saale valley. Via Hirschberg (Saale) , Mödlareuth to the Czech border near Nentschau .

Parallel to the Iron Curtain Trail, a “ Green Belt Germany Cycle Path ” is being designed, which is currently (March 2020) signposted north of the Harz Mountains and along the Elbe. The route is not identical to that of the Iron Curtain Trail at all points. One problem is that the processional path no longer exists at all sections or can or should no longer be used by cyclists. In particular, there is a ban on cycling in wildlife sanctuaries on the former Iron Curtain. In such places (also for the Iron Curtain Trail) alternative routes had to be found.

Czech Republic and Germany

From Trojmezí (Gottmansgrün) you drive to and Cheb , where you pass the border control point Libá / Dubina; at Svatý Kříž ( Waldsassen ) you come to Bavaria and cycle to Bayerisch Eisenstein , where you come back to the Czech Republic. Through the Národní park Šumava national park you can get along the Vltava towards Vyšší Brod .

Czech Republic and Austria

Behind Vyšší Brod you cross the border with Austria and ride the Kamp-Thaya-March cycle path . Back in the Czech Republic, there is a journey through the Podyjí National Park or the Thayatal National Park , where the path between Šatov and Retzbach runs on both sides of the state border, past Znojmo and the Mikulov memorial to reach the Lednice and Valtice cultural landscape . The Czech part of the cycle path ends at the confluence of the Morava and Thaya rivers.

Austria and Slovakia

The Eurovelo 13 runs in Slovakia along the March to its confluence with the Danube .

The route begins at the Hohenau an der March - Moravský Svätý Ján border crossing . The route continues along the March past Gajary to Suchohrad . Then via Záhorská Ves , Vysoká pri Morave , Devínska Nová Ves to the confluence of the March with the Danube below the Devín castle (Thebes). A few kilometers later you reach the capital of Slovakia, Bratislava . Over the Danube bridge Most SNP on the right bank of the Danube and through the Petržalka district to the border to Austria at Kittsee .

Austria (Burgenland) and Hungary

The route leads along the Austrian-Hungarian border from Slovakia to Slovenia .

The section begins at the border crossing at Kittsee , then goes via Pama , Deutsch Jahrndorf , Nickelsdorf to Albertkázmérpuszta in Hungary and back to Austria via Halbturn , Andau . The Austro-Hungarian border is crossed over the Andau bridge and the route runs along the Einser Canal until it crosses the border again to Wallern and Pamhagen . In Hungary, Fertőújlak and Fertőd are visited. Our route follows the Lake Neusiedl cycle path to Fertőrákos . It goes back to Burgenland , past Mörbisch am See and at the border, the monument "Upheaval" reminds of one of the first gaps in the Iron Curtain. But only after Klingenbach and Schattendorf is Hungary reached, where it is via Ágfalva and Sopron , Harka . In Burgenland you can visit Neckenmarkt , Horitschon , Raiding , Kleinwarasdorf, Croatian Minihof , Nikitsch , Lutzmannsburg , Frankenau and Klostermarienberg . The cycle path runs over the green border to Ólmod and Kőszeg in Hungary and on via Bozsok, Bucsu, Narda to Felsőcsatár, Pornóapáti , briefly to Austrian Bildein , further to Hungarian Szentpéterfa and finally to Austria one last time via Moschendorf , Strem , Heiligenbrunn , Großmürbisch to Inzenhof . The route ends via the Hungarian Szentgotthárd and Felsőszölnök to the border with Slovenia .

Slovenia

A short part of the route leads through the northeastern part of Slovenia: between the border with Hungary in Domanjševci and the border with Croatia in Dobrovnik .

Croatia

The route follows the Drava River on the Croatian side through the UNESCO Mura-Drava-Danube Biosphere Reserve and through the Baranja region to the Serbian border.

Serbia / Romania

In the Serbian / Romanian border area, the route runs sometimes on Serbian and sometimes on Romanian territory. The route partially overlaps with the Danube Cycle Path EuroVelo 6 .

Signage

Signet of the Iron Curtain Trail

The signage with the signet of the Iron Curtain Trail has only been used on half of the route, but is constantly being expanded.

Individual evidence

  1. Iron Curtain Trail - EuroVelo. Retrieved August 10, 2020 .
  2. a b EuroVelo 13: experience the history of the division of Europe. Retrieved December 17, 2019 .
  3. Slide of a lecture on transnational cooperation regarding the ICT at the "Iron Curtain Trail - EuroVelo 13 Workshop"
  4. ^ Iron Curtain Trail - Support by the EU. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 19, 2017 ; accessed on April 21, 2017 .
  5. National Cycling Plan 2020, published by BMVBS September 2012 pdf
  6. Council of Europe: Explore all cultural routes
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  51. Iron Curtain Trail - Through Germany. Archived from the original ; accessed on April 21, 2017 .
  52. Lemma "Green Belt Germany" . radreise-wiki.de

literature

Web links

Commons : Iron Curtain Trail  - collection of images, videos and audio files