Chamesol
| Chamesol | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | |
| Department | Doubs | |
| Arrondissement | Montbeliard | |
| Canton | Maîche | |
| Community association | Pays de Maîche | |
| Coordinates | 47 ° 21 ′ N , 6 ° 50 ′ E | |
| height | 400-835 m | |
| surface | 10.21 km 2 | |
| Residents | 378 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 37 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 25190 | |
| INSEE code | 25114 | |
| Website | www.chamesol.fr | |
 Mairie Chamesol |
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Chamesol is a French municipality with 378 inhabitants (as of January 1 2017) in Doubs in the region Bourgogne Franche-Comté .
geography
Chamesol is located at 659 m , four kilometers northeast of Saint-Hippolyte and about 18 kilometers south of the city of Montbéliard (as the crow flies). The village extends in the Jura , on the Lomont high plateau at the southern foot of the Fort du Lomont, north of the deeply cut Doube valley , near the border with Switzerland .
The area of the 10.21 km² municipality covers a section of the French Jura. The main part of the area is occupied by the high plateau of the Lomont, which is an average of 650 m. It consists mainly of meadow land, but also shows some larger forest areas ( La Forêt ). The plateau has no above-ground watercourses because the rainwater seeps into the karstified subsoil. The heights of Petit Mont ( 703 m ) and Les Baraques ( 716 m ) drop steeply to the south to the Doubs, which is around 300 m lower, with the municipal boundary mostly running above the steep slope crowned by a ledge. The communal soil in the area of the grotto of the Château de la Roche extends almost down to the Doubs with only a narrow tip .
To the north, the community area extends over the slope of Chamesol to the height of the Lomont chain. From a geological and tectonic point of view, this chain forms an anticline of the Jura folds , which extends in a west-east direction. At 842 m, the highest point of Chamesol is reached in the area of Fort du Lomont.
Chamesol includes the hamlet Journal ( 691 m ) on the western outskirts and various individual farms. Neighboring municipalities of Chamesol are Pierrefontaine-lès-Blamont and Villars-lès-Blamont in the north, Montjoie-le-Château and Soulce-Cernay in the east, Saint-Hippolyte in the south and Montécheroux in the west.
history
Chamesol is first mentioned in a document in 1239 under the name Chalnisso . The names Chamesoz and Chamessol (14th and 15th centuries) followed later . The place name means something like sun fields (Champs du Soleil). As early as the 10th century, a large cave was fortified in the rock face above the Doubstal and subsequently expanded into the castle of Château de La Roche . The rule belonged to a sideline of the Counts of Montbéliard. Around 1600 the initially small dominion, to which Chamesol also belonged, was united with Saint-Hippolyte and raised to the county of La Roche-Saint-Hippolyte. Together with Franche-Comté , Chamesol came to France with the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678. In 1757 the rule of La Roche became dependent on the Counts of Montjoie, with whom it remained until the French Revolution . From 1875 to 1879, the Fort du Lomont was built on the heights above Chamesol, an extensive fortification that served as a mobilization center for the region from 1935 to 1939. In 1939 the fortress was captured by German troops and remained in their hands until 1945.
Attractions
The village church of Saint-Ermenfroi was built in 1781 on the site of a previous medieval building. Various farmhouses from the 17th to 19th centuries in the traditional Franche-Comté style have been preserved in the town center. Only a few remains of the wall of the former Château de la Roche are visible.
Saint-Ermenfroi Church
Interior of the Saint-Ermenfroi church
Grave cross, Monument historique
Lavoir on rue de la caserne
Lavoir on Grande rue 28
Fountain in the rue de l'église
population
| Population development | |
|---|---|
| year | Residents |
| 1962 | 336 |
| 1968 | 300 |
| 1975 | 282 |
| 1982 | 306 |
| 1990 | 310 |
| 1999 | 328 |
| 2005 | 361 |
| 2016 | 377 |
With 378 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017), Chamesol is one of the small communities in the Doubs department. After the population had declined markedly in the first half of the 20th century (882 people were still counted in 1886), slight population growth has been recorded again since the beginning of the 1980s.
Economy and Infrastructure
Until well into the 20th century, Chamesol was a village dominated by agriculture (cattle breeding and dairy farming, some arable and fruit growing). In addition, there are now some local small businesses. Many workers are also commuters who work in the larger towns in the area.
The municipality is located off the major thoroughfares on a departmental road that leads from Saint-Hippolyte to Pierrefontaine-lès-Blamont. Further road connections exist with Montécheroux and Villars-lès-Blamont.
literature
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Doubs. Volume 2, Flohic Editions, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-84234-087-6 , pp. 1237-1239.
