Summer Olympics 2020

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Games of the XXXII. Olympics
2020 Olympic Games logo
United by Emotion
United by emotion
Venue: Tokyo , JapanJapanJapan 
Stadion: Tokyo Olympic Stadium
Opening ceremony: July 23, 2021
Closing ceremony: August 8, 2021
Opened by: Naruhito
Olympic oath : Ryōta Yamagata (athlete)
Kasumi Ishikawa (athlete)
Masato Kato (
referee ) Asumi Tsuzaki ( referee )
Kōsei Inoue (trainer)
Reika Utsugi (trainer)
Disciplines: 50 in 33 sports
Competitions: 339
Countries: 208
Athletes: 11,090
← Rio de Janeiro 2016
Paris 2024 →
Medal table
city ​​square country G S. B. Ges.
1. United StatesUnited States United States 39 41 33 113
2. China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China China 38 32 18th 88
3. JapanJapan Japan 27 14th 17th 58
4th United KingdomUnited Kingdom Great Britain 22nd 21 22nd 65
5. OlympiaRussian Olympic Committee ROC 20th 28 23 71
6th AustraliaAustralia Australia 17th 7th 22nd 46
7th NetherlandsNetherlands Netherlands 10 12th 14th 36
8th. FranceFrance France 10 12th 11 33
9. GermanyGermany Germany 10 11 16 37
10. ItalyItaly Italy 10 10 20th 40
... ... ... ... ... ...
24. SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland 3 4th 6th 13th
... ... ... ... ... ...
53. AustriaAustria Austria 1 1 5 7th
Complete medal table

The 2020 Summer Olympics (after the venue also Tokyo 2020 , officially: Games of the XXXII Olympiad , Japanese: 2020 年 東京 オ リ ン ピ ッ ク) took place in the Japanese capital Tokyo from July 23 to August 8, 2021 . July the first soft and soccer games were played. The archery and rowing competitions (from July 23, 2021) had also started before the opening ceremony.

Originally, the Summer Olympics were supposed to be held from July 24th to August 9th, 2020, but have been postponed for a year due to the COVID-19 pandemic ; this was the first time that the Summer Olympics were scheduled outside of the usual 4-year cycle . Due to the pandemic, they mostly took place without spectators and without relatives of athletes. Only a few volunteers from abroad were allowed.

Applications

Six applications had been submitted to the IOC by the end of the application period. On December 8, 2011, a drawing was drawn to determine the order in which applicants should make all presentations, including the one on decision day in Buenos Aires . This order was: Istanbul , Tokyo , Rome , Baku , Doha and Madrid . After Rome withdrew its bid, five possible venues remained, and about three months later, on May 23, 2012, the IOC announced that Istanbul, Tokyo and Madrid had achieved candidate city status.

The members of the IOC decided on the venue on September 7, 2013 in Buenos Aires. In the first round of voting, Tokyo received 42 votes. There was a tie of 26-26 votes between Madrid and Istanbul. A runoff election (49:45 votes) decided that Istanbul came into the final vote. There Tokyo received 60 votes (Istanbul 36).

location country Round 1 Runoff round 2
Tokyo JapanJapan Japan 42 - 60
Istanbul TurkeyTurkey Turkey 26th 49 36
Madrid SpainSpain Spain 26th 45 -

The Japanese capital hosted the games as early as 1964 . Also in 1940 Tokyo was scheduled to host the games, they had but after the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War returned on 16 July 1938 at the IOC. Tokyo competed unsuccessfully for the 1960 and 2016 Olympic Games .

Allegation of corruption

According to the Paris financial prosecutor in July and October 2013 two payments with the subject "Tokyo 2020 Olympic Game Bid" shall ( "Tokyo 2020 Olympic bid") from a Japanese account to the company Black Tidings in Singapore have flowed, which is a sum in Amount of 2.8 million Singapore dollars (around 1.8 million euros) went. The owner of Black Tidings was close to Papa Massata Diack , the son of the former President of the World Athletics Federation (IAAF) , Lamine Diack , against whom the French judiciary is investigating in connection with doping and corruption at the IAAF, was made aware of the suspicious payments in this context and opened a separate corruption investigation.

At the end of October 2017, an email communication between Lamine Diack and his son Papa Massata Diack on the day of the IOC's decision for Tokyo became public, which from the point of view of the criminal investigators of the Parisian special prosecutor's office "Parquet National Financier" (PNF) has particular evidential value because, according to this, Lamine Diack actually had an impact on the voting behavior of the African bloc, which under no circumstances should speak in favor of Madrid. Unlike Lamine Diack, who is under house arrest in France, Papa Massata Diack was able to go underground in Senegal, which is why Interpol has been looking for him since 2016 .

In January 2019, it was announced that an investigation into Tsunekazu Takeda , the President of the Japanese Olympic Committee, had been initiated in France for active corruption in the award of the 2020 Olympic Games to Tokyo. The focus is particularly on a suspicious payment of two million euros, in which Takeda is said to have been involved in the course of the application. In March 2019, Takeda announced that it would step down as JOC President and member of the International Olympic Committee in June 2019.

preparation

On June 25, 2015, Prime Minister Shinzō Abe established the cabinet post of "Olympic Minister ", which was carried out by five different people until 2020:

Effects of the corona pandemic

The games were originally scheduled for the period from July 24th to August 9th, 2020. On March 24, 2020, however, the International Olympic Committee decided to postpone the Summer Olympics due to the corona pandemic that had broken out a few weeks earlier . At this point in time, several teams had already canceled their participation for 2020. In numerous countries there were massive restrictions on public life at the time. The Olympic torch relay had already started at this time and was interrupted. Apart from the canceled games during the two world wars, it was the first time that the Summer Olympics did not take place every four years.

On March 20, 2021, the International Olympic Committee announced that the Games would take place without foreign spectators due to the still rampant pandemic; the Organizing Committee had rejected another postponement as impossible. In addition, no relatives of the athletes and hardly any volunteers from abroad can enter Japan. All athletes, officials and media workers should circulate in their own "hygiene bubble" during the games, without contact with the population.

In view of the rising number of infections, the Japanese government declared Tokyo a corona emergency on July 8, 2021. It is to apply from July 12 to August 22, 2021 and thus cover the entire duration of the Olympic Games. Thereupon the Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games, the International Olympic and Paralympic Committee as well as the Tokyo Metropolitan Government and the Japanese Government jointly decided to let the Summer Olympic Games take place completely without spectators.

As an alternative to the real backdrop, sound systems are used in the competition venues that play back the reactions of spectators from previous summer games, explained the President of the IOC, Thomas Bach, after a meeting of the executive branch.

Competition venues

Most of the competitions are held within eight kilometers of the Olympic village. Badminton, track cycling, basketball, fencing, soccer games, golf, modern pentathlon, mountain bike competitions, horse riding, wrestling, rugby, shooting, sailing and taekwondo take place outside this area. Within the 8-kilometer radius, the sports facilities are divided into the Heritage Zone in the north (including the Olympic Stadium ; sports: athletics, table tennis, handball, judo, road bike races, weightlifting and boxing) and the Tokyo Bay Zone in the south (including the media center; sports: volleyball, BMX, gymnastics, tennis, triathlon, marathon, beach volleyball, hockey, equestrian sports, rowing, canoeing, archery and swimming).

The old Olympic Stadium from 1964 was demolished and replaced by a new building costing around 1.1 billion euros by 2019.

Due to the high hotel capacity of over 100,000 rooms in Tokyo, the construction of a media village is not necessary.

Heritage Zone

The new national stadium
Yoyogi National Sports Hall
The Ryogoku Kokugikan
Competition venue sports capacity
Olympic Stadium athletics athletics 68,000 seats
Soccer Soccer
Opening and closing ceremonies
Tōkyō Taiikukan Table tennis Table tennis 10,000 seats
Kokuritsu Yoyogi Kyōgijō Handball Handball 13,291 seats
Nippon Budōkan Judo Judo 11,000 seats
karate karate
Tokyo International Forum Weightlifting Weightlifting 05,012 seats
Ryogoku Kokugikan BoxingBoxing 11,098 seats
Baji Koen Dressage riding dressage 09,300 seats
Show jumping Show jumping
Eventing riding Eventing (dressage, jumping)
Musashino Forest Sport Plaza badminton badminton 07,200 seats
Modern pentathlon Modern pentathlon (fencing)
Tokyo Stadium 7 rugby 7-a-side rugby 50,000 seats
Soccer Soccer
Modern pentathlon Modern pentathlon (swimming, fencing, horse riding, laser run)
Musashinonomori Park Road cycling Cycling (start of road races ) 01,000 seats

Tokyo Bay Zone

The Ariake Arena in January 2020
Ariake Gymnastics Center
Tatsumi Water Polo Center
Ariake Tennis Park
Competition venue sports capacity
Ariake Arena Volleyball (hall) volleyball 15,000 seats
Ariake Gymnastics Center do gymnastics Apparatus gymnastics 12,000 seats
Rhythmic sports gymnastics Rhythmic sports gymnastics
Trampoline gymnastics Trampoline gymnastics
Ariake Urban Sports Park BMX racing BMX race 05,000 seats
BMX freestyle BMX freestyle 06,600 seats
skateboard skateboard 07,000 seats
Ariake Tennis Park tennis tennis 20,000 seats
(10,000 / 5,000 / 3,000 / 2,000 seats)
Odaiba Marine Park Triathlon Triathlon 05,500 seats,
unlimited standing room along the route
Open water swimming Open water swimming
Shiokaze Park beach volleyball beach volleyball 12,000 seats
Aomi Urban Sports Park 3 × 3 basketball 3 × 3 basketball 07,100 seats
Sport climbing Sport climbing 08,400 seats
Oi Hockey Stadium hockey hockey 15,000 seats
Sea Forest Cross-Country Course Eventing riding Eventing (cross-country) 16,000 seats
Sea Forest Waterway canoe canoe 12,800 seats
rowing rowing 16,000 seats
Kasai Canoe Slalom Center Canoe slalom Canoe slalom 07,500 seats
Yumenoshima Park Archery Field Archery Archery 05,600 seats
Tokyo Aquatics Center swim swim 15,000 seats
Jumping in the water Jumping in the water
Synchronized swimming Synchronized swimming
Tatsumi Water Polo Center Water polo Water polo 04,700 seats
Makuhari Messe (Hall A) Wrestling Wrestling 10,000 seats
Taekwondo Taekwondo
Makuhari Messe (Hall B) fencing fencing 08,000 seats

More competition venues

Izu Velodrome
The Enoshima Marina
Tokyo Stadium
Competition venue location sports capacity
Tsurigasaki Surfing Beach Ichinomiya surfing surfing 06,000 seats
Saitama Super Arena Saitama basketball basketball 21,000 seats
Asaka shooting range Asaka shoot shoot 03,000 seats
Kasumigaseki Country Club Kawagoe golf golf 25,000 seats
(24,000 standing and 1,000 seats)
Enoshima Marina Fujisawa sail sail 03,600 seats
Izu Velodrome Izu Track cycling Track cycling 03,600 seats
Izu Mountain Bike Course Izu Mountain bike Mountain bike 11,500 seats
Fuji International Speedway Oyama Road cycling Cycling 22,000 seats
Fukushima Azuma Baseball Stadium Fukushima baseball baseball 14,300 seats
Softball Softball
Yokohama Stadium Yokohama baseball baseball 35,000 seats
Softball Softball
Ōdōri Park Sapporo athletics Marathon , walking

Football stadiums outside Tokyo

The final of the men's soccer tournament will be held at the International Stadium Yokohama .
Competition venue city sports capacity
Sapporo Dome Sapporo Soccer Soccer 41,000 seats
Miyagi Stadium Rifu Soccer Soccer 49,000 seats
Ibaraki Kashima Stadium Kashima Soccer Soccer 40,000 seats
Saitama Stadium Saitama Soccer Soccer 64,000 seats
International Stadium Yokohama Yokohama Soccer Soccer 72,000 seats

Further

Tokyo Big Sight

The following locations served as additional locations for organization and public relations:

location function
Imperial Hotel Headquarters of the IOC
Harumi Futo Olympic Village
Tokyo Big Sight Media Center and International Broadcast Center

Ceremonies

Torch relay

The route of the torch relay passed through all 47 prefectures
Yoshirō Mori (left) and Shinzō Abe (right) with the torch stick
The Olympic flame was kept in a lantern for several months

The Olympic flame was lit on March 12, 2020 in the presence of IOC President Thomas Bach in the sacred grove of ancient Olympia with a parabolic mirror by the rays of the sun. The Olympic torch relay was supposed to run about 3500 kilometers across Greece, but the torch relay in Greece had to be ended after only one day due to the rampant COVID-19 pandemic in Greece , as several onlookers were on the roadside. Without a spectator, the Olympic flame in the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens was handed over to the Japanese Organizing Committee on March 19, 2020 . The torch reached the Japanese military airport of Matsushima near Higashimatsushima in the northeast of the main island of Honshu on March 20, 2020 . There the multiple Olympic champions Tadahiro Nomura and Saori Yoshida lit the torch on Japanese soil at a small arrival ceremony. A day later, the fire was presented in a golden cauldron at Sendai station , around 50,000 Japanese visited the Olympic flame on the first day of the exhibition - the queue was around 500 meters. The torch relay should begin on March 26, 2020 and end on July 24, 2020 and in Tokyo. Following the decision to postpone the Summer Olympics due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the fire was placed in a special lantern that was on display in the city of Fukushima for a month from April 1, 2020 . The lantern was then taken to the Olympic Museum in Tokyo , where it was safely kept until the torch relay restart in 2021.

The torch relay began on March 25, 2021 in the Miyagi , Iwate and Fukushima areas affected by the Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami in 2011 , and covered all 47 prefectures with a total length of 9,600 kilometers in 121 days. The Japanese soccer world champions of 2011 were the first torchbearers to start the torch relay on Japanese soil - in J-Village  ; Azusa Iwashimizu was the first runner in the torch relay. Another 10,000 Japanese torch-bearers followed as far as Tokyo.

Opening ceremony

The opening ceremony took place on July 23, 2021 with an elaborate cultural program and the traditional invasion of the participating athletes from 205 nations and 29 athletes with refugee status in the Olympic Stadium. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the opening ceremony took place without regular spectators, only state guests and representatives of Olympic teams were allowed to attend the opening ceremony. A minute's silence was observed for the dead from the COVID pandemic, but also, for the first time, a minute's silence for the victims of the 1972 Olympic attack in Munich . The economist Muhammad Yunus from Bangladesh was awarded the newly created Olympic Laurel Award for his services to education, development, culture and sport . The Emperor Naruhito formally opened the Games. The tennis player Naomi Osaka then lit the Olympic flame with a torch.

participant

So far, athletes from the following 206 National Olympic Committees have qualified for the Olympic Games in Tokyo (as of July 21, 2021). On December 9, 2019, the World Anti-Doping Agency announced that Russia would be banned from all major sporting events for the next four years. As at the 2018 Winter Olympics , athletes from Russia are allowed to start under a neutral flag.

On April 6, 2021, North Korea announced that it would not send any athletes to Tokyo due to health risks arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. On July 21, 2021, Guinea decided not to participate. On July 23, Guinea agreed again.

Europe (4,761 athletes from 51 nations registered)
America (2299 athletes from 41 nations)
Asia (2077 athletes from 43 nations)
Africa (984 athletes from 54 nations)
Oceania (791 athletes from 17 nations)
Other (358 athletes)
(Number of athletes)
* first participation in summer games
A. Canada would have waived the posting of athletes in the summer of 2020 (without postponement).
B. Australia advised its athletes to prepare for the Summer Olympics in 2021.

Competition program

First of all, on February 12, 2013, the executive of the IOC announced the decision to remove rings from the Olympic competition program for 2020. The sport has been an integral part of the program since the reintroduction of the Olympic Games in 1896, with the exception of the 1900 Olympic Games in Paris . The Modern Pentathlon , on the other hand, remained in the program, although there were rumors in advance that it would be dropped from the program. At the same meeting, the IOC confirmed 25 core sports and two other sports for the 2020 Games. A 28th sport remained open.

At its meeting in May 2013, the IOC Executive Committee selected three of eight possible sports ( baseball / softball , karate , roller sports , sport climbing , squash , wakeboarding , wushu and wrestling ), among which the General Assembly could select one to complement the 2020 program. This selection included baseball / softball and squash as well as wrestling, which has reapplied for a place in the competition program after being excluded from the competition program following a complete overhaul of the FILA world federation and numerous prominent protests against the cancellation. In the run-up to this decision, the previously separate world associations for baseball and softball merged at the end of 2012 to form the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC).

The venue for the baseball games will include the Tokyo Dome be

Ultimately, on September 8, 2013, the IOC General Assembly took the sport of wrestling back into the Olympic program for 2020 and 2024.

To make the Olympic Games more attractive to a younger audience, the IOC added streetball (a basketball variant in which two teams of three players each play on a basket) and BMX freestyle as new disciplines on June 9, 2017 .

As part of the IOC's Agenda 2020, the host has the opportunity to name additional sports that are to be played at the Olympic Games. Although the IOC has set an upper limit for athletes and sports, no sports will be removed from the program of the previous games.

On August 3, 2016, the IOC announced that the following five sports would be added to the Olympic Sports program for 2020 : baseball (men only) / softball (women only) , karate, sport climbing, skateboarding and surfing. Base and softball were part of the Olympic program between 1992 and 2008.

339 competitions in 33 sports / 51 disciplines are to be held (165 for men, 156 for women, 12 mixed and 6 open competitions). This will be 5 sports / 9 disciplines and 33 competitions more than in Rio de Janeiro in 2016 , with a great deal of attention being paid to additional mixed team competitions. The planned changes are detailed below:

  • After the reorganization of the two sports baseball and softball or the merger to form the world association WBSC , the two disciplines baseball (for men) and softball (for women) will again be part of the Olympic program after a 12-year break.
  • In basketball , the 3 × 3 basketball discipline for men and women will be played for the first time at the Olympic Games.
  • In archery , judo and triathlon , a mixed team competition will be added to the program.
  • In athletics , there will be a mixed relay over 4 × 400 m.
  • In swimming , the program will be expanded to include 800 m freestyle for men, 1500 m freestyle for women and a mixed layer relay over 4 × 100 m.
  • In table tennis there is also a mixed doubles.
  • Karate is newly included in the Olympic program with the two disciplines Kata and Kumite . In the kata there will be one competition for men and one for women. In the Kumite there are three Olympic weight classes for men (-67 kg, -75 kg and +75 kg) and women (-55 kg, -61 kg and +61 kg).
  • The track cycling is to Madison extended to women for the first time for men to twelve-year absence.
  • In BMX , freestyle competitions will be held for the first time in the individual park discipline for men and women.
  • Skateboard will be added to the Olympic program with the two disciplines Park and Street . There will be one competition for men and one for women in each of the disciplines.
  • Sport climbing becomes Olympic as a combined all-around competition consisting of bouldering , lead and speed for men and women.
  • With surfing another water sport for men and women is Olympic - while the competitions are held with a shortboard.
  • In boxing , the weight classes for women are expanded to include featherweight and welterweight, while for men, half-fly and light-welterweight are deleted. In addition, the feather weight replaces the bantamweight for men.
  • In weightlifting , one weight class (light heavyweight) is deleted for men.
  • In canoe racing , two men's decisions (C1 - 200 m, K2 - 200 m) are replaced by two women's decisions (C1 - 200 m, C1 - 500 m), and the men's four-person kayak (K4) is shortened from 1000 m to 500 m .
  • In the canoe slalom , a men's decision (C2) is replaced by a women's decision (C1).
  • When rowing , the female four-man without a helmsman replaces the men's lightweight four-man without a helmsman.
  • When shooting , three mixed competitions (air rifle team, air pistol team and trap team) replace three men's competitions (double trap, small bore rifle - prone - 50 m and free pistol - 50 m).
  • When sailing , the mixed competition starts with a modified Nacra 17 (plug-in swords).
  • In fencing , the competition program is expanded to include a team competition, in foil for women and in saber fencing for men.

The Olympic sports / disciplines

Number of competitions in brackets

Competition dates

Time schedule
discipline Wed.
21.		 Thursday
22.		 Fri.
23.		 Sat.
24.		 Sun.
25.		 Mon.
26.		 Tuesday,
27.		 Wed.
28.		 Thursday
29.		 Fr.
30.		 Sat.
31.		 Sun.
1.		 Mon.
2.		 Tuesday
3rd		 Wed.
4.		 Thursday
5.		 Fr.
6.		 Sat.
7.		 Sun.
8.		 Decision-
disk-
applications
July 2021 August 2021
Olympic rings.svg Opening ceremony
Badminton pictogram.svg badminton 1 1 1 2 5
Base / softball Baseball pictogram.svg baseball 1 1
Softball pictogram.svg Softball 1 1
basketball Basketball pictogram.svg basketball 1 1 2
3x3 basketball pictogram.svg 3x3 basketball 2 2
Archery pictogram.svg Archery 1 1 1 1 1 5
Boxing pictogram.svg Boxing 2 1 1 1 4th 4th 13th
Fencing pictogram.svg fencing 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 12th
Football pictogram.svg Soccer 1 1 2
Weightlifting pictogram.svg Weightlifting 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 14th
Golf pictogram.svg golf 1 1 2
Handball pictogram.svg Handball 1 1 2
Field hockey pictogram.svg hockey 1 1 2
Judo pictogram.svg Judo 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 15th
Canoeing Canoeing (flatwater) pictogram.svg Canoe racing 4th 4th 4th 12th
Canoeing (slalom) pictogram.svg Canoe slalom 1 1 1 1 4th
karate Karate pictogram.svg Kata 1 1 2
Karate Kumite pictogram.svg Kumite 2 2 2 6th
Athletics pictogram.svg athletics 1 3 4th 5 6th 5 8th 8th 7th 1 48
Modern pentathlon pictogram.svg Modern pentathlon 1 1 2
Cycling Cycling (track) pictogram.svg rail 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 12th
BMX BMX freestyle pictogram.svg Freestyle 2 2
Cycling (BMX) pictogram.svg Race 2 2
Cycling (mountain biking) pictogram.svg Mountain bike 1 1 2
Cycling (road) pictogram.svg road 1 1 2 4th
Equestrian sport Equestrian Dressage pictogram.svg dressage 1 1 2
Equestrian Jumping pictogram.svg Leap 1 1 2
Equestrian Eventing pictogram.svg versatility 2 2
Wrestling Wrestling Freestyle pictogram.svg Freestyle 1 1 1 3 3 3 12th
Wrestling pictogram.svg Greco-Roman 2 2 2 6th
Rowing pictogram.svg rowing 6th 4th 4th 14th
Rugby Sevens pictogram.svg 7-a-side rugby 1 1 2
Shooting pictogram.svg shoot 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 15th
Swimming Open water swimming pictogram.svg Open water swimming 1 1 2
Swimming pictogram.svg swim 4th 4th 4th 5 5 4th 4th 5 35
Synchronized swimming pictogram.svg Synchronized swimming 1 1 2
Water polo pictogram.svg Water polo 1 1 2
Diving pictogram.svg Jumping in the water 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8th
Sailing pictogram.svg sail 2 2 4th 2 10
Skateboarding pictogram.svg skateboard 1 1 1 1 4th
Climbing pictogram.svg Sport climbing 1 1 2
Surfing pictogram.svg surfing 2 2
Taekwondo pictogram.svg Taekwondo 2 2 2 2 8th
Tennis pictogram.svg tennis 1 1 3 5
Table tennis pictogram.svg Table tennis 1 1 1 1 1 5
Triathlon pictogram.svg Triathlon 1 1 1 3
Gymnastics Gymnastics (artistic) pictogram.svg Gymnastics 1 1 1 1 4th 3 3 14th
Gymnastics (rhythmic) pictogram.svg Rhythmic sports gymnastics 1 1 2
Gymnastics (trampoline) pictogram.svg Trampoline gymnastics 1 1 2
volleyball Volleyball (beach) pictogram.svg beach volleyball 1 1 2
Volleyball (indoor) pictogram.svg volleyball 1 1 2
Olympic rings.svg Closing ceremony
decisions 11 18th 21 22nd 23 17th 21 21 25th 20th 26th 17th 27 23 34 13th 339
discipline Wed.
21.		 Thursday
22.		 Fri.
23.		 Sat.
24.		 Sun.
25.		 Mon.
26.		 Tuesday,
27.		 Wed.
28.		 Thursday
29.		 Fr.
30.		 Sat.
31.		 Sun.
1.		 Mon.
2.		 Tuesday
3rd		 Wed.
4.		 Thursday
5.		 Fr.
6.		 Sat.
7.		 Sun.
8.		 Decision-
disk-
applications
July 2021 August 2021

Color legend

  • Opening ceremony
  • Competition day (no decisions)
  • Competition day (x decisions)
  • Closing ceremony

    • symbolism

    The originally planned logo was presented to the public on July 24, 2015. It should represent a stylized "T". A red circle in the upper right corner should symbolize a beating heart, the flag of Japan and a “united world”, and a black bar in the middle stands for diversity. The logo was very similar to the logo of the Théâtre de Liège in the Belgian city ​​of Liège , which the author had a lawyer check for copyright infringement.

    On September 1, 2015, it was announced that the logo would be dispensed with. The choice of logo was then rewritten.

    • Logo of the Belgian Théâtre de Liège

    • Originally planned logo for the Olympic Games

    • New Olympic Games logo

    On April 25, 2016, a new logo by the artist Asao Tokolo was presented. It was selected from around 15,000 submissions and shows a blue checkerboard pattern, which is intended to symbolize “refined elegance and complexity” as well as the different countries, cultures and ways of thinking. The design also shows references to the history of Japan : the checkered pattern was often used in the Edo period and is known in Japan as ichimatsu moyō (Japanese市 松 模 様). In addition, the indigo color used is a traditional Japanese color.

    mascot

    The Olympic mascot was created by Ryo Taniguchi and is called Miraitowa , which is made up of the Japanese words “mirai” (future) and “towa” (eternity). The name was chosen to promote a "future of eternal hope in the hearts of all people around the world". With a combination of modern and traditional elements, it should combine the old and the new. It bears the emblem of the games on its forehead, the checkerboard pattern of which is composed of indigo-colored rectangles of three different sizes.

    The Organizing Committee held an open competition to which anyone over the age of 18 living in Japan could submit proposals and designs. In a multi-stage selection process, three finalists were selected from 2,042 proposals received by August 2017. These were published in early December 2017.

    The selection of the winner was left to the Japanese elementary school children, with each school class being able to cast one vote. 205,755 school classes from 16,769 schools took part in the voting, which lasted from December 11, 2017 to February 22, 2018. Ryo Taniguchi's project won with a total of 109,041 votes.

    Medals

    The medals were designed by Junichi Kawanishi. On the front you can see an image of the Greek goddess of victory Nike in front of the Panathinaiko Stadium and on the back the name and logo of the event as well as the Olympic five-ring symbol. The medals were made by the Japanese Mint using recycled precious metals obtained from donated electronic devices. While the silver medals consist of pure silver , the gold medals only consist of 1.2% gold (and 98.8% silver). Both medal variants therefore weigh almost the same (gold medal: 556 grams, silver medal 550 grams). The bronze medals consist of 95% copper and 5% zinc and weigh 450 grams each.

    Attempted forced departure from Kryszina Zimanouskaya

    On August 1, 2021, the Belarusian sprinter Kryszina Zimanouskaja announced that she would be sent back to Minsk by employees of her training team against her will . On the Tokyo International Airport could turn to the police and stated that it would not return to Belarus. Before the incident, Zimanouskaja had publicly criticized her coaches after she was accepted into the 4 x 400 meter relay without her knowledge. Her head coach then stated that there had been an "order from above" to "remove" her. Zimanouskaja eventually went into exile with her family in Poland.

    media

    The IOC sold the European television and multiplatform transmission rights to Discovery Communications , the mother of Eurosport .

    On August 11, 2017, the media group as well as ARD and ZDF agreed on the acquisition of sub-licenses after long negotiations. The two German broadcasters are now allowed to broadcast “live broadcasts” from the next four Olympic Games on radio, television and also in their media libraries.

    criticism

    According to Andreas Singler, the games met with rejection from the Japanese anti-nuclear movement. The event will be used to make the Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011 forgotten. In early December 2019, Greenpeace pointed out radioactive hot spots near the starting point for the Olympic torch relay in J-Village .

    Another point of criticism is the selected period. The Tokyo climate is particularly humid from mid-July to the end of August with an average daytime temperature of 31.1 ° C and an average humidity of 76% (July) to 73% (August), so that participants, employees and spectators suffer from heat damage up to Heat death are feared. However, the IOC refused to postpone the games to October 2020, as this would have resulted in lower ratings in the United States because of football and baseball games . After it at the 2019 World Championships in Athletics in Doha had come with several athletes due to the climatic conditions to health problems, the IOC in October 2019 announced at the games the marathon and the walking into the cooler Sapporo on Hokkaido to install. The new venue is now Ōdōri Park .

    New COVID-19 infections in Japan. Daily values ​​at the bottom, cumulative values ​​at the top

    In May 2021, an association of around 6,000 doctors in Tokyo appealed to the government and organizers to cancel the games because they could increase the number of COVID-19 infected people and deaths. The fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan is even heavier than the previous waves. The medical system is stretched to its limits. The government is only gradually starting to vaccinate on a large scale.

    According to several polls, a majority of the residents of Japan opposed these Olympic Games. The project costs $ 15.4 billion according to the official budget.

    Web links

    Commons : Summer Olympics 2020  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

    Individual evidence

    1. ^ IOC, IPC, Tokyo 2020 Organizing Committee and Tokyo Metropolitan Government announce new dates for the Olympic and Paralympic Games Tokyo 2020 - Olympic News. March 30, 2020, accessed March 30, 2020 .
    2. ↑ Olympia 2021 in Tokyo: schedule, dates and participants: an overview. July 16, 2021, accessed July 17, 2021 .
    3. ↑ Tokyo Olympics postponed to 2021 Sports show, accessed March 23, 2020
    4. ^ Süddeutsche Zeitung: Olympia in Tokyo: No foreign viewers. Retrieved March 22, 2021 .
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