Adolf Hitler as an honorary citizen

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Honorary citizenship certificate for Adolf Hitler dated May 25, 1932, (signature of Heinrich Ritter )
Honorary Citizen's Letter Adolf Hitler in Delitzsch (1933)

Adolf Hitler was an honorary citizen of numerous German and Austrian cities and communities.

An honorary citizenship is usually awarded for life, although some communities perform historical freeman lists. For war criminals, a directive of the Allied Control Council in Germany stipulated the loss of honorary citizenship, but this did not apply to Adolf Hitler in the absence of a judicial conviction . Many cities expressly revoked Hitler's honorary citizenship posthumously . A few cities have not withdrawn on the grounds that honorary citizenship has expired with death anyway. Conflicts over this question have continued until very recently.

Examples

Coburg

As the first German city gave Coburg on 26 February 1932, after an urgent application by the NSDAP -Stadtratsfraktion, Hitler, who on that day a German citizen had become the honorary citizenship . The honorary citizenship certificate was handed over on October 16, 1932 on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of Hitler's "Train to Koburg", on the so-called Hitler Day . At the request of the SPD city council Grosser, the city council decided on February 20, 1946 to withdraw honorary citizenship. Neustadt an der Aisch was the second city to receive the award on March 7, 1932.

Eppingen

An example of the process of awarding and withdrawing are the processes in the Baden city of Eppingen :

Just five weeks after Hitler was appointed Reich Chancellor by Reich President Hindenburg , the NSDAP local group Eppingen, represented by Karl Doll and Karl Zutavern , applied to the local council on March 7, 1933, to make Adolf Hitler an honorary citizen of the city of Eppingen and at the same time to give a street the name Adolf-Hitler-Straße . This was done on the grounds that almost two thirds of the voters had voted for the National Socialist movement. In the last, meanwhile, no longer free Reichstag election in Eppingen on March 5, 1933 , 1173 (59.9%) of the votes cast in 1959 went to the NSDAP. The explanation also says:

"If the applications are accepted, Eppingen would be the first municipality in the Sinsheim district and beyond in the immediate vicinity to appoint the Reich Chancellor as an honorary citizen."

On March 13, 1933, the local council under Mayor Albert Wirth decided that Adolf Hitler should be made an honorary citizen of the city of Eppingen and that Brettener Strasse should be named Adolf-Hitler-Strasse . The local councilors were present: Pfründer, Doll, Stroh, Welz, Lang, Hecker, Zorn and Wieser. On the same evening a telegram was sent to "Reich Chancellor Hitler in Berlin: The municipality of Eppingen has made you an honorary citizen and offers you the most respectful greetings with the most sincere wish of the benevolent government." The Eppinger Zeitung reported on March 14, 1933:

“The local branch of the NSDAP expressed its joy at the honor of its leader by pulling in a closed procession in front of the town hall in the evening to thank the local council, who had gathered on the balcony of the town hall, for its decision. The fire brigade band opened the celebration in front of the town hall. "

In the fourth session of the provisional council on January 10, 1946, chaired by Mayor Jakob Dörr, the honorary citizenship granted to Adolf Hitler by the council was revoked.

List of honorary citizenships of Adolf Hitler

Since Hitler received a large number of honorary citizenships, this list does not claim to be complete.

Germany

City / municipality country Date of award Date of withdrawal Comments / sources
Aachen Prussia March 29, 1933 1945 According to a determination by the council in 1983, Hitler's honorary citizenship expired in 1945.
Ahrensmoor Prussia 4th July 1932 Stader Tageblatt from July 20, 1932
Aichach Bavaria April 5, 1933 November 6, 1945 With resolution no. 45 of the Aichach city council of November 6, 1945, the names Hindenburg, Hitler, Ritter von Epp and Adolf Wagner were deleted from the list of honorary citizens.
Albersdorf Prussia March 29, 1933 September 21, 2009 unanimous resolution of the municipal council of September 21, 2009, source: Albersdorf press archive, entry v. September 23, 2009
Aschersleben Prussia April 4, 1933 May 6, 2006 unanimous decision of the city council
augsburg Bavaria April 25, 1933 August 1946
Bad Doberan Mecklenburg August 1932 April 2, 2007
Bad Kissingen Bavaria March 17, 1933 The honorary citizenship is only valid during the lifetime of the honored person and expires with his death.
Bad Kreuznach
Bad Oeynhausen Prussia April 5, 1933 May 7, 2014 2014 expressly declared null and void
Bad Reichenhall Bavaria March 31, 1933 January 4, 1946
Baden-Baden to bathe April 20, 1933 ?
Balingen Württemberg March 23, 1933 June 14, 1946
Bayreuth Bavaria March 23, 1933 November 27, 2013 1988 distancing by the city council
Berchtesgaden Bavaria March 25, 1933 December 18, 2008 revoked by local council resolution
Bergisch Gladbach Prussia 1933 December 15, 1988 revoked at the request of the SPD parliamentary group on November 2, 1988 by a council decision of December 15, 1988
Berlin Prussia April 1, 1933 December 16, 1948
Biedenkopf Prussia March 23, 1933 July 25, 1946 Withdrawal on July 25, 1946 by resolution of the city council. Renewed withdrawal on April 26, 2007 by resolution of the city council due to the assumption that Adolf Hitler was still an honorary citizen of the city.
Bochum Prussia 1933 1984 Hitler was removed from the list in 1984 by a resolution of the city council.
Bonn Prussia 1933 1945 revoked again by council decision in 1983.
Borken (Hesse) Hesse April 11, 1933 June 27, 2017 The city council of Borken (Hesse) canceled the resolution of April 11, 1933 to grant Adolf Hitler honorary citizenship.
Bornheim (Rheinhessen) People's State of Hesse June 2, 1932 “Even if, according to current law, an honorary citizenship has expired with death and must therefore be regarded as invalid, the Bornheim municipal council has distanced itself from the decision of June 2, 1932 as a sign against any kind of National Socialist tendencies and racism and for democracy and tolerance . "
Brandenburg on the Havel Prussia 1991
Braunschweig Braunschweig 1933 January 16, 1946
January 16, 1946: Decision of the City Council of Braunschweig regarding the removal of the entries of Adolf Hitler, Hermann Göring, Dietrich Klagges and Baldur von Schirachs from the Golden Book of the City of Braunschweig and the revocation of the honorary citizenship.

Withdrawal of honorary citizenship for Adolf Hitler, Bernhard Rust , Dietrich Klagges , Hermann Göring , Baldur von Schirach , because they "have shown themselves to be unworthy of permanent honor through their behavior"
Bruehl (Rhineland) Prussia 1933 2009 In a council resolution of March 2, 2009, the city council of Brühl declared that it considered the honorary citizenship of the city of Brühl granted to war criminal Adolf Hitler from 1933 and the honorary citizenship of Paul von Hindenburg null and void.
Bühl (Baden) to bathe 1933 The honorary citizenship expires with death.
Chemnitz Saxony 1933 September 26, 1990 On September 26, 1990, the city council decided to remove the name "Adolf Hitler" from the register of honorary citizens.
Coburg Bavaria February 26, 1932 April 20, 1946 revoked by a unanimous city council resolution on February 20, 1946
Danzig Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia 1939
Delitzsch Saxony April 11, 1933 November 24, 2011 In the public city council meeting on November 24, 2011, the Delitzsch city councils made a joint symbolic declaration of intent not to bind the city of Delitzsch to the former honorary citizenship of Adolf Hitler.
Dinkelsbühl Bavaria March 13, 1933 September 26, 2012 revoked by a unanimous city council resolution on September 26, 2012
Dortmund Prussia April 20, 1933 1945 revoked immediately after the Second World War in one of the first council meetings
drone Prussia 4th August 1933 July 7, 2010 Unanimously revoked by a municipal council resolution of the legal successor, the municipality of Stemwede , in a municipal council meeting on July 7, 2010
Dresden Saxony March 25, 1933 June 25, 1945
Dusseldorf Prussia 1933 2000 At the meeting of the city council on September 21, 2000, the council of the city of Düsseldorf revoked Adolf Hitler's honorary citizenship with a resolution proposal by all council groups.
Eggenfelden Bavaria June 11, 1933 April 5, 2011
Eisenach Thuringia 1933 December 5, 1946 Awarded centrally in 1933 and revoked again at the end of 1946 by a municipal council resolution
Eppingen to bathe March 13, 1933 January 10, 1946
gain Bavaria 1933 March 23, 1983
Esens Prussia 1933 2011 The honorary citizenship became known in 2010 through the publication of a newspaper report from 1933. Although there is no reference to Hitler's honorary citizenship in the city's documents, the city council unanimously withdrew his presumed honorary citizenship posthumously on January 31, 2011, “to be on the safe side that Hitler could in no way be mentioned anywhere as an honorary citizen of the city of Esens ”.
Essenheim People's State of Hesse 1932/1933
Ettenkirch Württemberg November 25, 2013 symbolic withdrawal by resolution of the Friedrichshafen municipal council
Euskirchen Prussia April 3, 1933 April 16, 1945 Revocation of honorary citizenship in the first council meeting after the war
Wet cheeks Bavaria 1933 1946 Revoked again in 1946 by resolution of the Feuchtwang city council
Forst (Lausitz) Prussia March 28, 1933 September 24, 2009
Frankfurt am Main Prussia 1933 June 2, 1947 On June 2, 1947, the magistrate decided to revoke Göring and Hitler's honorary citizenship.
Frankfurt (Oder) Prussia 1991
Fulda Prussia the corresponding entries were deleted in 1945/46, with which the honorary citizenship was revoked
Gau-Odernheim People's State of Hesse May 25, 1932 August 1, 2007 By resolution of the municipal council on August 1, 2007, honorary citizenship was unanimously revoked.
Gera Thuringia April 20, 1933 October 30, 1946 By resolution of the city of Gera on October 30, 1946, the honorary citizenships awarded from 1933 to 1945 were canceled.
Gladbeck Prussia April 7, 1933 December 9, 2010 The city council unanimously revoked honorary citizenship posthumously. At the same time, Paul von Hindenburg was also deprived of his honorary citizenship.
Großniedesheim Bavaria September 1932 November 27, 2014 Issued at the end of September 1932. Repealed by a unanimous resolution of the local council on November 27, 2014 for subsequent withdrawal
Goerlitz Prussia 1933 1990
Goslar Prussia October 2013
Hall Prussia 1933 May 29, 1991
Hamburg Hamburg April 20, 1933 (probably 6th) June 1945 Revocation by Mayor Rudolf Petersen , together with that of Hermann Göring . He pleaded that, as mayor, he had the right to revoke honorary citizenship within the framework of the German municipal code that is still in force .
Hamelin Prussia April 13, 1933 20th September 2017 together with Paul Hindenburg and the mother of the Nazi martyr Horst Wessel, Margarete Wessel
Hanau Prussia March 28, 1933 June 24, 1946 Withdrawal on June 24, 1946 by unanimous decision of a freely elected city council
Hann. Münden Prussia March 30, 1933 March 27, 2008 On March 27, 2008 the honorary citizenship was unanimously revoked by the city council.
Hanover Prussia April 6, 1933 November 9, 1978 On November 9, 1978, the 40th anniversary of the destruction of the synagogue and the Reichspogromnacht, the council of the state capital of Hanover passed a resolution in a special meeting with which Adolf Hitler and the Hanover Nazi Gauleiter Bernhard Rust from the list of honorary citizens of the city Hanover were repaid. This was confirmed by the members of the city council "in the common awareness that everything must be done to protect the democratic constitutional state from attacks by right-wing and left-wing extremist forces" by signing the declaration in the city's golden book.
Haslach i. K. to bathe 1933 1946
Hattingen / Ruhr Westphalia March 28, 1933 1945
Hausach to bathe March 27, 1933 February 21, 2011 (Following a resolution of the municipal council on February 21, 2011, Adolf Hitler was revoked his honorary citizenship on the initiative of regional associations and students.)
Heilgersdorf Bavaria September 25, 1932
Heligoland Prussia June 10, 1936 April 27, 2016 revoked by resolution of the municipal council at the request of the SSW parliamentary group, according to Wikipedia entry from February 4, 2016
Helmbrechts Bavaria 1933 December 30, 1946
Hemer Prussia January 30, 1936 March 29, 2011 Hemer made Hitler an honorary citizen in the course of becoming a town in 1936. At the request of the Greens, the city council dealt with this issue again for the first time in 1995. The local politicians unanimously regarded honorary citizenship as having expired with death, but sharply condemned the decision at the time. As part of the city's 75th anniversary, a new debate arose in 2011, which, following an SPD motion, also unanimously led to the posthumous revocation of the honorary citizen title by the council on March 29, 2011. Today's Lauthausen district, at that time still an independent municipality, followed this example.
Hennef (victory) Prussia April 10, 1933 (extinguished) Hennef made Hitler and Hindenburg honorary citizens in the course of the official and municipal representative elections on March 11, 1933 at the ceremonial opening meeting in April 1933.
In November 2013, the city council distanced itself from the decision made at the time
Herne Prussia 1933 1984 revoked by a council decision in September 1984
Herrenberg Württemberg March 24, 1933 February 15, 1946
Hildesheim Prussia 1933 February 7, 1983 In its session on February 7, 1983, the City Council of Hildesheim unanimously passed a resolution in which it expressly distances itself from granting Adolf Hitler and other National Socialist persons honorary citizenship.
Hirsau Württemberg April 1933
court Bavaria March 29, 1933 June 0, 2007 revoked by city council resolution in June 2007
Your singing to bathe July 0, 1932 At the meeting of the local council on April 15, 1991, it was unanimously confirmed that Adolf Hitler's right of honorary citizenship expired upon his death.
Ichenhausen April 27, 1933
Jena Thuringia April 20, 1933 ? denied
Kalkar Prussia May 2, 1933 (extinguished) On July 17, 2003, and again on April 29, 2015, the city council stated that honorary citizenship expired with the death of Adolf Hitler. On April 29, 2015, the city council also distanced itself from the decision of 1933 and found that Hitler was unworthy of honorary citizenship in Kalkar. The city council combined this with a reference to the city's responsibility for racist and neo-Nazi attacks in 2015.
Candelabra March 31, 1933
Karlsruhe to bathe May 10, 1933 April 25, 1946
Kaufbeuren Bavaria March 27, 1933 1971 revoked by city council resolution in 1971
Kelheim Bavaria 2008 revoked in 2008.
Kevelaer Prussia 1933 In the minutes of the Main and Finance Committee of the City of Kevelaer from May 27, 2003 it says: "[...] Since the honorary citizenship expires with the death of the honorary citizen, a revocation of the honorary citizenship is only possible as long as the person concerned lives (cf. Comment by Rehn / Cronauge / von Lennep on Section 34 of the Municipal Code for the State of North Rhine-Westphalia). In addition, the city of Kevelaer is taking the public discussion on this topic as an opportunity to expressly distance itself from the honor of Adolf Hitler issued by the community of Kevelaer in 1933. [...] "
Kiel Prussia 1933 December 27, 1945
Kirchardt to bathe 1933 May 2020 In 1978 and again in 2010, the Kirchardter municipal council established in public that Hitler's honorary citizenship had expired upon his death. In May 2020, the local council formally revoked Hitler's honorary citizenship.
Cologne Prussia March 30, 1933 April 27, 1989
Kolbermoor Bavaria March 27, 1933 February 22, 1946
Kleve Prussia June 30, 1933 April 23, 2008
Koblenz Prussia March 29, 1933 June 27, 1985
Kulmbach Bavaria April 27, 1933 1945 withdrawn at the end of 1945
Landsberg am Lech Bavaria April 24, 1933 "Deleted from the annals of the city"
Landshut Bavaria December 1935 1946 by resolution of the provisional city council
To run Bavaria March 31, 1933 June 11, 1945
Leipzig Saxony 1933 December 20, 1990 The granting of honorary citizenship to Adolf Hitler and three other National Socialist persons was subsequently revoked.
Fiefdom to bathe April 20, 1933 In October 2013, the community representatives distanced themselves from the decision in meetings of the local council, feudal court, and the town council of Schiltach
Lengfeld Bavaria May 29, 1933 Confirmed by Hitler in a letter dated November 22, 1934
Leutershausen Bavaria June 6, 1932 May 20, 1948
Lindau (Lake Constance) Bavaria 1933 2005
Luebben (Spreewald) Prussia June 26, 2008
Lübeck Lübeck 1933 June 0, 1946
Ludenscheid Prussia April 18, 1933 ? Adolf Hitler and Paul von Hindenburg were deprived of their honorary citizenship.
Luenen Prussia June 1, 1934 12/15/2016 Adolf Hitler and Paul von Hindenburg were revoked their honorary citizenship by unanimous council resolution
Magdeburg Prussia 1933 1946
Mainz People's State of Hesse 1933 December 12, 2002 Adolf Hitler was never made an honorary citizen by the Mainz city council, but was an honorary citizen of the independent communities of Gonsenheim (May 1933) and Hechtsheim ; when Gonsenheim was incorporated in 1938, he automatically became an honorary citizen of Mainz. This honorary citizenship was unanimously revoked by the Mainz city council in 2002.
Marbach am Neckar Württemberg May 5, 1933 July 22, 2010 Honorary citizenship symbolically canceled by local council parliamentary group resolution, but "history cannot be changed retrospectively".
Marburg Prussia April 3, 1933 1946 Withdrawal as early as 1946 by order of the American military authorities.
Maulbronn Württemberg 1933 2007
Meissen Saxony 1933 1996
Memmingen Bavaria 1933 1945 denied
Mindelheim Bavaria March 25, 1933
Mittenwald Bavaria April 29, 1933
Munich Bavaria 1939 1946
Muenster Prussia 1933 Revoked on June 19, 1945 if Hitler was still alive.
Murnau am Staffelsee Bavaria March 15, 1933 June 20, 1945
Neunburg vorm Wald Bavaria 1933 It is assumed that their honorary citizenship expired with death and could therefore no longer be revoked.
Neuruppin Prussia 2004
Neunkirchen (Saar) Saar area October 9, 1934 Honorary citizenship expires upon death.
Neustadt an der Aisch Bavaria March 7, 1932 February 5, 1946
Nordhausen Prussia April 20, 1933 August 29, 1990 deleted by city council
Nortorf Prussia April 3, 1933 April 23, 2013 On the 60th anniversary of the granting of honorary citizenship to Adolf Hitler, all Nortorf local politicians agreed that there were more important things for them than dealing with Hitler's honorary citizenship, wrote the Kieler Nachrichten on April 3, 1993. A citizens' initiative continued 80 years later Awarded for pronouncing the withdrawal of Hitler's honorary citizenship (as well as that of Gauleiter Hinrich Lohse ). Finally, the city council voted unanimously for it.
Oelsnitz / Vogtl. Saxony April 1, 1933 2003 officially revoked by a council resolution
Oldenburg Oldenburg 1937 1948
Passau Bavaria April 1, 1933 The award took place on April 1, 1933 together with Paul Hindenburg.
Penzberg Bavaria April 27, 1933 February 21, 1946 Awarded together with Gauleiter Wagner
Plauen Saxony March 1, 1933 1945
Potsdam Prussia 1933 August 15, 1990
Radebeul Saxony 1933 Honorary citizen of Radebeul and Kötzschenbroda; Withdrawal unknown
Radolfzell on Lake Constance to bathe 1933 after 1945 Withdrawal after 1945
Recklinghausen Prussia April 19, 1933 17th September 1984 Subsequent nullification by unanimous declaration by the Recklinghausen City Council with the tenor that the Nazis and the undemocratic-dictatorial conditions imposed Hitler's honorary citizenship on the city of Recklinghausen in April 1933 and that “Adolf Hitler was never a rightly honorary citizen of Recklinghausen. Anyone who was not legally an honorary citizen cannot and does not need to be denied honorary citizenship 39 years after his death. The City Council of Recklinghausen therefore [...] states that a criminal like Adolf Hitler was never an honorary citizen of Recklinghausen and is therefore not included in the list of honorary citizens in our city. "
regensburg Bavaria 1933 With the city council resolution of September 29, 2011, the allegedly common practice of the city administration since 1966 of not including Adolf Hitler in the list of honorary citizens was confirmed . The recognition of the honorary dignity of 1933 was expressly condemned, but it was not withdrawn for formal legal reasons.
Reichenbach Prussia 1933 1946 deleted from the official list after the end of the war
Reilingen to bathe March 20, 1933 1946 Reilingen municipality
Roth Bavaria 1934 December 9, 1947 revoked by city council resolution of December 9, 1947
Saarbrücken Saar area October 9, 1934 2001 (Removed from the list of honorary citizens in 2001 due to a city council resolution)
Sankt Andreasberg Prussia April 4, 1933 accepted by hand-signed letter on June 17, 1933. The mayor sees no need for action to revoke Hitler's honorary citizenship, because in Lower Saxony an honorary citizenship expires upon death.
Schrobenhausen Bavaria 1933 August 1, 1946 repealed by city council resolution
Schwabach Bavaria September 15, 1933 March 27, 2009 The city council unanimously distanced itself on March 27, 2009 in a symbolic act.
Schwabmünchen Bavaria Late April 1933 March 21, 1947
Schwalmtal Prussia 1933 January 19, 2010 In Amern appointed St. George on April 12, 1933 an honorary citizen. Symbolic distancing on January 19, 2010 by the legal successor of the community of Schwalmtal.
Schwandorf Bavaria February 23, 1948 Revoked by the city council.
Wins Prussia April 1, 1933 August 29, 2007 The city council of Siegen posthumously revoked honorary citizenship on August 29, 2007. A political declaration was not made when the city council withdrew. The city council was responding to public pressure caused by the coverage of a citizen's application in local media. Several motions or attempts by political groups from the city council and from outside the council, including the Society for Christian-Jewish Cooperation, to expressly revoke honorary citizenship posthumously, had been rejected in the 1980s and later in the city council. The majority of the city council had taken the legal opinion that the right to honorary citizenship expired with Hitler's death.
Simmern / Hunsrück Prussia 1933 December 12, 2002
Sommerach Bavaria April 11, 1933
Speyer Bavaria April 27, 1933 June 21, 1946 Revoked again in June 1946 by resolution of the Speyr city council
Spremberg Prussia February 1, 1934 3rd November 2014 An article in the home calendar of the city of Spremberg for 2015 made it known that Adolf Hitler had become an honorary citizen of the city in 1934. After the public but false allegation by a local editor that Adolf Hitler was still an honorary citizen of Spremberg, the city council withdrew honorary citizenship from Paul von Hindenburg , Adolf Hitler and Wilhelm Kube on November 3, 2014 .
Stavenhagen Mecklenburg April 1933 17th October 2013 The city council of Stavenhagen recognized the honorary rights on October 17, 2013 with a unanimous decision.
Stutensee to bathe May 1933 17th December 2018 The municipal council decided to revoke the honorary citizenship of Adolf Hitler, Robert Wagner and Walter Köhler in accordance with Section 22 (2) of the municipal code of Baden-Württemberg.
Stuttgart Württemberg 1933 August 5, 1946
Tegernsee Bavaria 1933 5th April 2016 The withdrawal took place on April 5, 2016 by a unanimous city council resolution.
Traunstein Bavaria March 31, 1933 March 14, 1946 Honorary citizenship was granted at the request of the local branch of the NSDAP as a result of an urgent order from Mayor Vonficht. At the same time, Rosenheimer Strasse was renamed Adolf-Hitler-Strasse.
Formally repealed by the city council on March 14, 1946. In a meeting on January 12, 1998, the main committee of the city council decided to distance itself from the honorary citizenship rights granted to Adolf Hitler, Paul von Hindenburg, Ludwig Siebert and Adolf Wagner .
trier Prussia 1933 September 2, 2010 Revocation by the city council (one vote against) on September 2, 2010. Before 2010, honorary citizenship was already considered invalid, because it was “forfeited through criminal and undignified behavior. [The withdrawal is a] sign against racism and nationalism and for democracy and tolerance ”, said the applicant Mayor Klaus Jensen .
Trostberg Bavaria March 31, 1933 Honor no longer appears in any list of honorary citizens, and there was no formal withdrawal.
Uetersen Prussia 1934 December 15, 2015 Hitler was made an honorary citizen in absentia in 1934 on the occasion of the 700th anniversary of the city and the inauguration of the Rosarium. On November 1, 1934, he accepted honorary citizenship in writing. After the provisional city council did not find any written evidence for a revocation after the end of the Second World War, the city council decided on December 15, 2015 to revoke Hitler's honorary citizenship.
Ulm Württemberg May 15, 1933 June 23, 1945 Hitler was made an honorary citizen together with Reichsstatthalter Wilhelm Murr and the local NSDAP member of the Reichstag, Wilhelm Dreher , on the occasion of the first meeting of the "harmonized" council . On November 1, 1934, Hitler thanked him in writing for being granted honorary citizenship. In the edition of the first official journal of the city of Ulm after the end of the Second World War, the honorary citizenships granted in May 1933 were revoked.
Untersambach Bavaria March 20, 1934
Waldheim Saxony April 20, 1933 ?
Willows idOpf. Bavaria November 9, 1933 ?
Weilburg Prussia 1933 1946 Revoked again in 1946 by a resolution of the Weilburg city council.
Weinberg Württemberg March 16, 1933 March 12, 1946 Honorary citizenship was revoked on March 12, 1946.
Wertheim to bathe 1933 December 7, 1945 Announced by a municipal council resolution of December 7, 1945
Wilhelmshaven Prussia, from 1937 Oldenburg March 10, 1933 February 15, 1984 Honored together with Hindenburg on March 10, 1933. After the unification of the cities of Wilhelmshaven and Rüstringen to form the city of Wilhelmshaven, another honor on June 29, 1937. Both awards were canceled by a unanimous council decision on February 15, 1984.
Wittstock / Dosse Prussia 1999
Worms People's State of Hesse May 2, 1933 December 18, 1946 revoked by the city council on December 18, 1946
Wolfach to bathe March 25, 1933 ? Together with Hindenburg
Wuppertal Prussia April 4, 1933 ? revoked after the Second World War
Zaisenhausen to bathe February 2, 1933 November 27, 2018 Officially revoked by a municipal council resolution of November 27, 2018
Zwickau Saxony 1933 In the city of Zwickau it is assumed that honorary citizenship expires with death.

Austria

City / municipality country Date of award Date of withdrawal Comments / sources
Amstetten Lower Austria 1939 May 24, 2011 In the early 2000s, there was still the opinion that honorary citizenship expires with death. The local councilor Raphael Lueger ( Greens ) drew attention to the topic again in 2011. An urgency motion submitted by Mayor Herbert Katzengruber ( SPÖ ) on May 24, 2011 was accepted by the municipal council and took effect on the same day. The FPÖ mandataries abstained from voting.
Anif Salzburg April 1933
Autendorf (today part of the municipality of Drosendorf-Zissersdorf ) Lower Austria July 23, 1932
Braunau am Inn Upper Austria July 7, 2011 Honorary citizenship revoked (July 7, 2011)
Döllersheim (today part of the municipality of Pölla ) Lower Austria
Eisenstadt Burgenland
Fuegen (Zillertal) Tyrol 1933
Gloggnitz Lower Austria 1938
Graz Styria Currently not an honorary citizen. An entry in the Golden Book of the City of Graz, according to the mayor's office, dated November 7, 2014, however, not.
Gut am Steg (today part of the municipality of Spitz (Lower Austria) ) Lower Austria July 16, 1932
Haslach an der Mühl Upper Austria
Imst Tyrol 1933 It was withdrawn by the Tyrolean state parliament against the will of the community
Kirchberg am Wagram Lower Austria 1938 The community wanted to give him honorary citizenship in May 1933, but the NSDAP's ban got in the way.
Klagenfurt am Wörthersee Carinthia April 9, 1938 2011 Currently not an honorary citizen. Ceremony on April 4, 1938, withdrawal in 2011
Kramsach Tyrol March 1933 September 1933
Kufstein Tyrol until May 2011 no decision to withdraw
Leibnitz Styria Honorary citizenship revoked (date unknown)
Mariazell Styria 1938
Ottenschlag (Lower Austria) Lower Austria 1938
Puchenstuben Lower Austria Honorary citizenship revoked (date unknown)
Reisberg (today part of the Wolfsberg community ) Carinthia 1932 20th December 2019 Honorary citizenship was granted by the Reisberg community, which was later incorporated into Wolfsberg. Since there were different legal opinions as to whether honorary citizenship expired upon death or not, honorary citizenship was explicitly revoked by the Wolfsberg municipal council in 2019.
Rohrmoos-Untertal Styria Honorary citizenship revoked (date unknown)
Schalchen (Upper Austria) Upper Austria until May 2011 no decision to withdraw
Völkermarkt Carinthia 1938
Waidhofen an der Ybbs Lower Austria April 9, 2012 The magistrate said in May 2011 that the legal opinion was shared that honorary citizenship is a "highly personal right that expires with death". A revocation is therefore not legally possible. On April 9, 2012, the local council revoked honorary citizenship.
Weizelsdorf (Carinthia) (today part of Feistritz im Rosental ) Carinthia

special cases

Adolf Hitler was not made an honorary citizen in Vienna . The historian Gerhard Botz suspects that Hitler himself did not want this.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Joachim Albrecht: The avant-garde of the Third Reich - The Coburg NSDAP during the Weimar Republic 1922-1933 . Peter Lang European Science Publishing House, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 3-631-53751-4 , p. 130.
  2. ↑ Harald Sandner: Coburg in the 20th century. The chronicle of the city of Coburg and the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from January 1, 1900 to December 31, 1999 - from the "good old days" to the dawn of the 21st century. Against forgetting . Verlagsanstalt Neue Presse, Coburg 2002, ISBN 3-00-006732-9 , p. 193.
  3. ↑ Stadtarchiv Eppingen: A 1204. Reinhard K. Hauke: No industrial accident in history. A chapter from the Nazi era in Eppingen / Adolf Hitler honorary citizen of the city. In: Heilbronn voice . July 19, 1983. Reinhard K. Hauke: Triumphal procession for honorary citizen Adolf Hitler. A “brown” chapter in Eppinger's history. In: Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung . July 20, 1983.
  4. ^ Chancellor Adolf Hitler honorary citizen of the city of Eppingen. In: Eppinger Zeitung . March 14, 1933.
  5. ↑ Honorary citizen in Aschersleben. Hitler finally deleted. Message from n-tv.de, May 6, 2006
  6. ^ Bad Oeynhausen strikes Adolf Hitler from the list of honorary citizens. In: nw-news.de. May 8, 2014, accessed May 18, 2014 .
  7. ^ Honorary citizen of the city of Baden-Baden. (PDF; 63 KB) Retrieved June 18, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Berchtesgadener Anzeiger. , December 18, 2008, p. 4.
  9. ^ Stadtarchiv Bergisch Gladbach, signature G1 / 33.
  10. ↑ Hitler deleted as an honorary citizen . In: Allgemeine Zeitung Alzey. March 2, 2012.
  11. ↑ a b c d e Jens Blankennagel: Hitler no longer an honorary citizen. In: Berliner Zeitung . September 15, 2009.
  12. ↑ Braunschweig - A Chronology of Memories. (PDF; 283 kB).
  13. ↑ Illustrated guide through Chemnitz and the surrounding area . Woerl's travel manuals, Leipzig 1936; after: Detlev Lücke: About Kurt, other Saxon kings and the radical opportunism of their subjects: Make your dirt avenues! . In: Berliner Zeitung . January 12, 2012.
  14. ^ Gerfrid Arnold: Jews in Dinkelsbühl . Ed .: Historical Association Alt Dinkelsbühl. Dinkelsbühl 2010, p. 523 .
  15. ↑ Ralf Blank: Honorary Citizenship in the "Third Reich". The Hagen honorary citizenship letter for Adolf Hitler . In: Barbara Stollberg-Rilinger (Hrsg.): Westphalian research . tape 53 , 2003, p. 345-378 ( review ). P. 350.
  16. ↑ Esens: Hitler no longer an honorary citizen. OZ-Online, February 2, 2011, archived from the original on September 11, 2012 ; accessed on January 28, 2016 .
  17. ^ The National Socialists in Essenheim . regionalgeschichte.net
  18. ↑ Heinz Leiwig : It was nothing - National Socialism in Rheinhessen . Mainz 2005, ISBN 3-00-017338-2 , pp. 55, 112.
  19. ↑ Schwäbische Zeitung , November 27, 2013.
  20. ^ Written answers to queries by the main and personnel office of the city of Fulda , minutes of the city council meeting of June 8, 2017, pdf, p. 14.
  21. ^ Certificate of honorary citizenship, deposited today in the Alzey Museum.
  22. ↑ Heinz Leiwig: It was nothing. National Socialism in Rheinhessen. Mainz 2005, ISBN 3-00-017338-2 , pp. 12, 55.
  23. ↑ Michael Bresgott: Hitler is no longer an honorary citizen of Gladbeck. In: Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung . FUNKE MEDIEN NRW GmbH, December 9, 2010, accessed on July 20, 2016 .
  24. ↑ a b Michael Schepua: Nazism in the Palatinate Province. Rule practice and everyday life in the municipalities of today's Ludwigshafen district 1933–1945. (= Mannheim historical research . Volume 20). Palatium, Mannheim 2000, ISBN 3-920671-40-6 , p. 128.
  25. ↑ Waltraud Werdelis (ww): Honor of Adolf Hitler is revised . In: Die Rheinpfalz , local edition Frankenthaler Zeitung . Ludwigshafen November 26, 2014.
  26. ↑ gnk (author's abbreviation): line under the Hitler case . In: Die Rheinpfalz , local edition Frankenthaler Zeitung . Ludwigshafen November 27, 2014.
  27. ^ Goslar recognizes Hitler's honorary citizenship. ndr.de, October 29, 2013, archived from the original on February 10, 2014 ; accessed on January 28, 2016 .
  28. ↑ The Nazi past: Adolf Hitler is no longer an honorary citizen of Goslar. In: Spiegel Online . Retrieved October 14, 2014 .
  29. ^ Heinrich Erdmann (editor): Hamburg in the Third Reich. Seven posts. State Office for Political Education, Hamburg 1998, ISBN 3-929728-42-7 , p. 174, source: Hamburg State Archives (Senate Chancellery Presidential Department, 1933 A 37).
  30. ↑ Hameln revokes Hitler's honorary citizenship
  31. ↑ ndr.de
  32. ↑ Larissa Armbruster: The pressure must have been huge. In: Black Forest Messenger . February 26, 2013, accessed March 26, 2019 .
  33. ^ Honorary citizenship in Hennef Nie distanced from Hitler's appointment. Kölner Stadtanzeiger, November 13, 2013.
  34. ^ Hennefer Volkszeitung , April 11, 1933. on da.stadt-hennef.de.
  35. ^ Council distances itself from honorary citizens . In: Rhein-Sieg-Anzeiger . November 26, 2013; Retrieved November 27, 2013.
  36. ^ Letter of thanks from Hitler
  37. ^ Ulrich Baumann: Destroyed Neighborhoods. Christians and Jews in Baden rural communities 1862–1940. (= Studies on Jewish History . Volume 7). Dölling and Galitz, Hamburg 2000, ISBN 3-933374-42-1 , p. 192.
  38. ^ Minutes of the municipal council meeting of April 15, 1991 .
  39. ^ Ichenhausen distances itself from honorary citizen Hitler
  40. ↑ a b Andreas Gebbink: Adolf Hitler. Kalkar council distances itself from honorary citizenship. WAZ online , as of April 30, 2015, accessed: April 30, 2015.
  41. ↑ Kandel no longer wants Hitler as an honorary citizen
  42. ↑ The delicate handling of the Nazi legacy . ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) “Forced Labor” project group e. V., Berlin, July 3, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.projektgruppe-zwangsarbeit.de
  43. ↑ Kiel's honorary citizen
  44. ↑ Alexander Hettich: Municipal Council: Hitler not an honorary citizen . In: Heilbronn voice . September 14, 2010 ( Stimme.de [accessed on September 19, 2010]).
  45. ↑ rnz.de: Kirchardt recognizes Adolf Hitler's honorary citizenship , accessed on May 23, 2020
  46. ↑ The German Youth "pilgrimage" to the "Hitler City" by Anton Posset
  47. ↑ landsberger-zeitgeschichte.de
  48. ↑ wochenblatt.de
  49. ↑ Leipzig City Council, Resolution No. 134/1990 of December 12, 1990/20. December 1990.
  50. ↑ Sybille Grübel: Lengfeld 1814 to 2004. In: Ulrich Wagner (Ed.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 1177-1193 and 1372-1275; here: pp. 1182 and 1184, fig. 524, and p. 1373, note 35.
  51. ↑ You feel caught out . In: Der Spiegel . No. 49 , 1966 ( online ).
  52. ↑ Lindau removes Hitler from the list of honorary citizens. In: Berliner Zeitung . March 14, 2005.
  53. ^ Rolf Ebert: On the history of the city of Lübben (Spreewald). Chronological outline. Heimat-Verlag, Lübben 2003, ISBN 3-929600-27-7 , p. 637 f.
  54. ↑ Lübben recognizes honorary citizenship from Nazi criminals. ( Memento from April 26, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) In: Lausitzer Rundschau . June 19, 2008.
  55. ↑ Alexander Smoltczyk: Item 31: Adolf Hitler. On-site meeting: The Mainz City Council decides to repay an honorary citizenship - late, but unanimously . In: Der Spiegel . No. 1 , 2003 ( online ).
  56. ^ Symbolic cancellation of the honorary citizenship of Adolf Hitler - joint application of the municipal council groups. TOP 8 / GR July 22, 2010.
  57. ^ Hitler loses honorary citizenship in Maulbronn ( Memento from September 12, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (accessed on July 30, 2011).
  58. ↑ augsburger-allgemeine.de
  59. ↑ Münster honorary citizen 1933–1945
  60. ^ Marion Hruschka: Murnau market on the Staffelsee . Murnau 2002 (=  contributions to history. Volume 1). P. 103.
  61. ↑ a b Delivery of honorary citizenship. In: Google Arts & Culture . October 9, 1934, Retrieved March 25, 2019 .
  62. ^ Rainer Hambrecht: The rise of the NSDAP in Middle and Upper Franconia (1925–1933) . Nuremberg City Archives, Nuremberg 1976, ISBN 3-87432-039-1 , p. 231.
  63. ^ Peter Kuhlbrodt: Adolf Hitler and Nordhausen ... In: Nordhäuser Nachrichten. Volume 9.4, 2000, p. 5.
  64. ↑ Years of discussion. Nortorf revokes Hitler's honorary citizenship . In: shz.de , April 24, 2013, accessed April 24, 2013.
  65. ^ Sächsische Zeitung: Archivist discovered brown eyesore in SZ-online, March 4, 2003, accessed on October 5, 2015.
  66. ^ PNP , April 1, 1947.
  67. ↑ Karl Luberger: history of the city Penzberg. 1st edition. 1969, p. 148.
  68. ↑ Excerpt from the minutes of the Council resolution on the revocation of February 21, 1946.
  69. ↑ Matthias Kordes: The award of honorary citizenship of the city of Recklinghausen to Adolf Hitler on April 19, 1933. Notes on local history on a thousandfold process in German urbanism at the beginning of the “Third Reich”. In: Vestischer Calendar. 83 (2012), ISSN  0938-8745 , pp. 232-245.
  70. ↑ Excerpt - Deletion of honorary citizenship for Adolf Hitler; Proposal by the CSU city council group dated August 29, 2011. (No longer available online.) Srv19.regensburg.de, archived from the original on April 4, 2015 ; Retrieved October 14, 2011 .
  71. ↑ reilingen.de, accessed on January 31, 2012.
  72. ^ Article of the NDR magazine Panorama from December 6, 2016 "Honorary Citizen Adolf Hitler"
  73. ^ Joachim Jahn: Schwabmünchen. History of a Swabian city. 1984.
  74. ↑ Reinhold Willfurth: The flaw in the list of honorary citizens . In: Mittelbayerische Zeitung . 19th September 2014.
  75. ^ Mainz and Simmern
  76. ↑ Winfried Kraus: Sommerach. New chronicle of the romantic wine village on the Mainschleife . Sommerach 2007, p. 71.
  77. ↑ Nazi dictator remained an honorary citizen. In: Lausitzer Rundschau Online , October 29, 2014.
  78. ↑ City councilors revoke honorary citizenship resolution. In: Lausitzer Rundschau Online from November 4, 2014.
  79. ^ Stavenhagen removes Hitler's honorary citizenship. In: faz.net. 18th October 2013.
  80. ↑ City council recognizes Adolf Hitler's honorary citizenship In: bnn.de. December 18, 2018.
  81. ↑ Tegernsee recognizes Adolf Hitler honorary citizenship ( Memento from April 10, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  82. ↑ List of honorary citizens of the city of Traunstein (PDF) ( Memento from November 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on November 8, 2013.
  83. ^ Spiegel Online : Honorary Citizen Hitler - Schoolchildren Embarrass the City of Uetersen , January 30, 2016
  84. ^ Ulm Official Gazette , June 23, 1945.
  85. ↑ above: Festschrift for the 200th anniversary of the Church of St. Barbara. September 12, 71 Untersambach . Untersambach 1972, p. 37.
  86. ↑ n ° 63: ALLEMAGNE - III REICH - DIPLOME DE CITOYEN D'HONNEUR DE LA VILLE DE ( Memento of October 23, 2015 in the web archive archive.today )
  87. ↑ Weidener OB Harbauer presents Adolf Hitler honorary citizenship certificate. In: It was in the new day - 75 years ago : Time archive at steghoefer.de , accessed on April 12, 2015.
  88. ↑ Uwe Jacobi: The missing council minutes. 3. Edition. Verlag Heilbronner Demokratie, Heilbronn 1995, ISBN 3-921923-09-3 , p. 47.
  89. ↑ Daily newspaper Der Kinzigtäler , March 25, 1933.
  90. ↑ a b Hitler no longer an honorary citizen in Amstetten. In: noe. orf.at , May 24, 2011. Retrieved May 24, 2011.
  91. ↑ a b c d e f g Hitler as an honorary citizen: FPÖ abstained from voting in the local council. Amstetten revokes Hitler's honorary citizenship. In: The Standard . May 25, 2011 (print edition); accessed on May 24, 2011. “Amstetten is by no means the only city that has to deal with honorary citizenship of Hitler. The municipal councils in [listing municipalities] have not yet been able to bring themselves to pass a revocation decision. [Enumeration of churches] did this in the past few years. "
  92. ↑ Braunau - City Council recognized Hitler's honorary citizenship . In: The Standard . July 8, 2011. Hitler's Legacy - How Adolf Hitler's native city deals with its precarious legacy . In: Profile. July 7, 2011.
  93. ↑ Honorary Citizens of the City of Graz
  94. ↑ Adolf Hitler in the Golden Book of the City of Graz
  95. ^ Adolf Hitler in Graz: "His visits in 1938 and 1941"
  96. ↑ Neues Wiener Tagblatt , July 21, 1938, p. 4.
  97. ^ Klagenfurt: honorary citizen
  98. ^ Honorary citizenship of Hitler in Klagenfurt revoked
  99. ^ Hitler no longer an honorary citizen in Wolfsberg
  100. ↑ Hitler no longer an honorary citizen of Wolfsberg. In: orf.at . December 18, 2019, accessed December 18, 2019.
  101. ↑ Honorary citizenship: Waidhofen / Ybbs reacts and Hitler honorary citizenship: Waidhofen / Ybbs before the decision and Waidhofen / Ybbs: Hitler no longer an honorary citizen
  102. ^ Statement by the historian Gerhard Botz in ZiB 2 of the ORF on May 24th 2011. (7 days on demand in the ORF TVthek).