Grézian
| Grézian | ||
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| region | Occitania | |
| Department | Hautes-Pyrénées | |
| Arrondissement | Bagneres-de-Bigorre | |
| Canton | Neste, Aure and Louron | |
| Community association | Aure Louron | |
| Coordinates | 42 ° 52 ′ N , 0 ° 21 ′ E | |
| height | 732-1,200 m | |
| surface | 1.98 km 2 | |
| Residents | 81 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 41 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 65440 | |
| INSEE code | 65209 | |
_1.jpg) View of the center of Grézian |
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Grézian is a French commune with 81 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in the Occitanie region (before 2016: Midi-Pyrénées ). The municipality belongs to the arrondissement of Bagnères-de-Bigorre and the canton of Neste, Aure et Louron (until 2015: canton of Arreau ).
The inhabitants are called Grézianais and Grézianaises .
geography
Grézian is about 27 kilometers southeast of Bagnères-de-Bigorre .
Grézian is surrounded by the six neighboring communities:
| Cadéac | Lançon | |
| Ancizan |
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| Guchen | Bazus aure | Gouaux |
Grézian lies in the catchment area of the Garonne River above the right bank of the Neste , one of its tributaries.
The Ruisseau de Gouaux rises in the neighboring municipality of Gouaux, crosses the area of Grézian and flows into the Neste near the center of the municipality.
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history
The manor had its seat in the municipality with a castle, which has now disappeared. It initially belonged to the Haget family and later to various merchants in the valley. With the communities of Ancizan, Cadéac and Guchen, Grézian formed a group of pastures called Quatre Véziaux ( four neighbors in German ), whose origins go back to the 13th century. The common pastureland extends over 2,770 hectares above the Campan valley in the area of the municipality of Ancizan.
In the northern area of the municipality of Grézian, at the place with the field name Coume de Balugue, there was a limestone quarry that was in operation for a long time and provided building material for, for example, larger buildings in Arrau in the 18th century and for churches in the 19th century. Textile production in the village lasted until the end of the 19th century with a spinning mill that employed more than 20 workers in 1850.
Toponymy
The Occitan name of the community is Gredian. It has its origins in a country estate in antiquity . It is derived from the Latin proper name Gratius or Graecinius with the suffix -anum ("Landgut des Gratius" or "Landgut des Graecinius").
A nickname of the inhabitants of the community is Eths corbelhons de Gredia ( German for the basket of Grézian ), a reference to the baskets on the donkey's pack saddles, which were previously used to transport all goods. They were also included in the municipality's coat of arms.
Toponyms and mentions of Grézian were:
- Bernat Col de Grisigna and Bernard Col de Grizinga (around 1125, copy book of the County of Bigorre),
- Jordan de Grisigna and Grizigna (around 1180, Copial Book of County Bigorre),
- De Gresinhano and de Gresilhano (1387, parish register of Tarbes ),
- Grezian (1750 and 1793 and 1801, map by Cassini or Notice Communale ),
- Greziau (1801, Bulletin des lois ).
Population development
After records began, the population rose to a high of 220 by the first half of the 19th century. In the following period, the size of the community fell with short recovery periods until the 1980s to the lowest level of 60 before a relatively short one The growth phase ceased, which increased it to around 90 inhabitants in the first decade of the 19th century and then fell again.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2011 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 101 | 100 | 94 | 60 | 64 | 78 | 89 | 94 | 81 |
Attractions
Parish Church of Saint-Just-et-Saint-Pasteur
It is dedicated to Saint Justus and Pastor , who are also the patron saints of the community. Its origins lie in the Romanesque style of the 12th century, recognizable by its semicircular apse . In the second half of the 16th century, a north aisle was added, which is provided with a ribbed vault . This was likely done in two steps. First a side chapel Notre-Dame-de-Pitié was added next to the choir by the mason Pierre Treschat, then in 1586 a second side chapel was added on the side of the bell tower by the mason Joan Baiso. The keystone of the Notre-Dame-de-Pitié chapel is decorated with an unidentifiable coat of arms that could belong to the Seigneurs von Grézian. The year "1586" can be seen on the keystone of the second yoke . The main nave is provided with a basket-shaped vault, the choir with a boiler vault. The walls of the nave were renewed at the same time, as can be seen in the window on the south side, which was embellished with a keel arch . The Romanesque entrance portal also on the south side has remained in place with the exception of the tympanum , which has now been moved above the entrance to the cemetery. The church was damaged by the earthquake on December 5, 1855 and secured in 1856. The interior was revised on this occasion. The earlier bell gable was converted into a square bell tower, which is partially covered with slate and has a square helmet . The exterior plastering of the walls of the church building has recently been removed and now allows a view of the quarry stones .
The interior of the church contains a large number of items of equipment , four of which have been classified as Monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture :
- a wooden sculpture from 1776 depicting the Pietà ,
- a crucifix made of painted and gilded wood from the early 17th century,
- a wooden bas-relief from the 17th century depicting the Assumption of Mary and
- a statue made of painted wood from the end of the 13th century or the beginning of the 14th century depicting Mary and the baby Jesus .
Parish Church of Saint-Just-et-Saint-Pasteur
West facade
Entrance portal
Window with Christ's monogram
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More Attractions
- Fountain with water basin from the 17th century
- Rouys farmhouse, built in 1813
- Three floor crosses, two of which are dated 1805 and 1900
Fountain with a water basin
Farmhouse Rouys
Economy and Infrastructure
Grézian is in the AOC zones of the Porc noir de Bigorre pig breed and the Jambon noir de Bigorre ham .
total = 15
traffic
Grézian can be reached via Routes départementales 19 and 30, which branch off from Route départementale 929, the former Route nationale 129 . In addition, routes 25 and 155 cross the territory of the commune.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hautes-Pyrénées ( fr ) habitants.fr. Retrieved November 19, 2019.
- ↑ Ma commune: Grézian ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved November 19, 2019.
- ↑ Pierre-Yves Corbel: Présentation de la commune ( fr ) French Ministry of Culture . December 30, 2018. Retrieved November 19, 2019.
- ↑ Grézian ( fr ) Hautes-Pyrénées department. Retrieved November 19, 2019.
- ^ David Rumsey Historical Map Collection France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved November 19, 2019.
- ↑ a b Notice Communale Grézian ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved November 19, 2019.
- ↑ Populations légales 2016 Commune de Grézian (65209) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved November 19, 2019.
- ^ Pierre-Yves Corbel: Église paroissiale Saint-Just-et-Saint-Pasteur ( fr ) French Ministry of Culture . December 30, 2018. Retrieved November 19, 2019.
- ↑ église Saint-Just-et-Saint-Pasteur ( fr ) French Ministry of Culture . Retrieved November 19, 2019.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Retrieved November 19, 2019.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Grézian (65209) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved November 19, 2019.