Syam
| Syam | ||
|---|---|---|
|
||
| region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | |
| Department | law | |
| Arrondissement | Lons-le-Saunier | |
| Canton | Champagnole | |
| Community association | Champagnole Nozeroy Jura | |
| Coordinates | 46 ° 42 ' N , 5 ° 57' E | |
| height | 521-794 m | |
| surface | 6.90 km 2 | |
| Residents | 189 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 27 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 39300 | |
| INSEE code | 39523 | |
Syam is a commune in the French department of Jura in the region Bourgogne Franche-Comté .
geography
Syam is located at 560 m , about six kilometers south-southeast of the city of Champagnole (as the crow flies). The village extends in the Jura , slightly elevated on the eastern edge of a valley basin in which the Saine and Ain meet , at the western foot of the Côte Poire forest.
The area of the 6.90 km² municipal area covers a section of the French Jura. The central part of the area is occupied by the Syam basin, which stretches in a north-south direction, is 2.5 kilometers long and around one kilometer wide and averages 540 m . This valley basin is traversed by the Saine, which enters from the south-east, shortly afterwards takes in the Lemme from the left and then flows into the Ain at the northern border of the municipal ban. This only touches the valley basin in the extreme north and draws a sharp arc around the ridge of the Bois de Sapois before it flows through a narrow valley to Champagnole.
The community area extends to the surrounding heights. The Syam basin is flanked in the west by the Bois de la Liège (up to 660 m ), in the north by the Bois de Sapois , in the east by the Côte Poire (at 802 m the highest elevation of Syam) and the Bois des Chênes . In the south, the forest heights of the Bois de Derrière Cornu , which is partly criss-crossed by ledges, rises steeply. It is bordered by the deeply cut valleys of the Lemme and the Saine. The municipality is part of the Upper Jura Regional Nature Park (French: Parc naturel régional du Haut-Jura ).
The settlement of Les Forges ( 525 m ) on the Ain and at the southern foot of the Bois de Sapois belongs to Syam . Neighboring municipalities of Syam are Champagnole , Bourg-de-Sirod and Sirod in the north, Crans and Les Planches-en-Montagne in the east, Chaux-des-Crotenay in the south and Le Vaudioux and Cize in the west.
history
Syam has belonged to the barony of Château-Vilain since the Middle Ages. Together with Franche-Comté , the village came to France with the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678.
Workshops that were dependent on hydropower set up shop on the Ain very early on. An iron hammer has existed here since the 17th century. In the 18th century the factory of the Pery family, who mainly specialized in the production of scythes, was one of the most important companies in the region. When, after the French Revolution, various factories in the Vosges and Alsace began to manufacture scythes, the Pery factory went bankrupt in 1810. In the same year it was bought by Claude Jobez from Morez . From 1811 to 1820 the new factory with iron and rolling mill was built, which was later expanded with a workers' settlement, a school and a post office. The steel mill is still in operation today after numerous modernizations have been carried out over the years.
Attractions
The village church of Syam was built in the 19th century. To the east of the factory building is the Château de Syam, which was built from 1826 to 1828 in the Palladian style for the owner of the ironworks. It has a rich interior. The ensemble of the factory buildings of the ironworks from the early 19th century, the old iron hammer from the 18th century and the associated Château Carnot form a remarkable industrial monument. There is also an exhibition on the history and development of the Syam ironworks.
population
| Population development | |
|---|---|
| year | Residents |
| 1962 | 243 |
| 1968 | 243 |
| 1975 | 232 |
| 1982 | 226 |
| 1990 | 234 |
| 1999 | 221 |
| 2004 | 212 |
With 189 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) Syam is one of the small communities in the Jura department. After the population had decreased significantly in the first half of the 20th century (492 people were still counted in 1886), only relatively minor fluctuations have been recorded since the early 1960s.
Economy and Infrastructure
Syam has been shaped by ironwork since the 18th century. To streamline production and administration, the Syam ironworks merged in 1976 with the Experton-Revollier steelworks in Domène in the Isère department. Today the plant operates under the name SDEPM (Société d'étirage et de profilage des métaux) and has established itself as a rolling and stamping plant for highly specialized metal parts (e.g. for automobiles, lifts and locksmiths).
The village is located off the main thoroughfares on a departmental road that leads from Champagnole to Les Planches-en-Montagne. There are other road connections with Bourg-de-Sirod, Crans and La Billaude.
