Luhansk

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Luhansk
Луганськ
Luhansk coat of arms
Luhansk (Ukraine)
Luhansk
Luhansk
Basic data
Oblast : Luhansk Oblast
Rajon : District-free city
Height : 105 m
Area : 257 km²
Residents : 414,509 (2016)
Population density : 1,613 inhabitants per km²
Postcodes : 91000
Area code : +380 642
Geographic location : 48 ° 33 '  N , 39 ° 18'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 33 '0 "  N , 39 ° 18' 0"  E
KOATUU : 4410100000
Administrative structure : 4 Stadtrajone, 2 cities, 1 SsT , 2 settlements
Mayor : Serhiy Kravchenko
Address: вул. Коцюбинського 14
91000 м. Луганськ
Website : http://gorod.lugansk.ua/
Statistical information
Luhansk (Luhansk Oblast)
Luhansk
Luhansk
i1

Luhansk ( Ukrainian Луганськ ; Russian Луганск / Lugansk ) is the capital of the Luhansk Oblast in Ukraine with 414,500 inhabitants (2016). The city is located at the confluence of the Luhan and Olchowa rivers , hence its name. From 1935 to 1958 and from 1970 to 1992 the city was named in honor of the Soviet functionary Kliment Voroshilov Voroschylowhrad (Ukrainian Ворошиловград , Russian Ворошиловград / Voroshilovgrad ).

Political structure

Luhansk is in the four urban districts zhovtnevyi raion , Rajon Lenin , Rajon Kamjany Brid and Rajon Artemivsk divided. There is also the city of Oleksandrivsk , with the settlements Dzerzhynske (Дзержинське - officially since 2016 Sraskowe / Зразкове) and Teplychne (Тепличне) and the urban-type settlement Juwilejne (officially since 2016 Kateryniwka / Канвер). The entire municipality has 464,881 inhabitants (November 2012).

history

The Russian Orthodox Cathedral of St. Vladimir
Protesters in Luhansk, March 1, 2014

On November 14, 1795, Catherine II issued a decree to found a factory, which was officially founded on November 25, 1795 with the British industrialist Charles Gascoigne . The first blast furnace went into operation on October 4, 1800. In 1812 the factory was an important manufacturer of military bullets and ammunition for the Russian army that was at war with Napoléon Bonaparte . In 1882 Luhansk was promoted to city. On May 3, 1896, Gustav Hartmann founded the company "Russische Maschinenbaugesellschaft Hartmann in Lugansk". The city developed into an important industrial center for heavy machinery and locomotive construction.

At the end of the First World War , the city was occupied by Red Guards, Austrian troops and White troops. In April 1918, Luhansk was the capital of the Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic . In 1934 the tram, which is still in operation today, was opened in the village. In 1935, the city was renamed Voroschylowhrad (Russian: Voroshilovgrad) after the Soviet military leader and politician Kliment Yefremovich Voroshilov . In 1938 it became the capital of the newly created Vorozhylovhrad Oblast . During the Second World War , German troops reached the city on July 14, 1942 as part of the Voronezh-Voroshilovgrad operation . It fell a few days later. The Red Army retook Voroshilovgrad on February 14, 1943. There were two POW camps in the city, 144 (until 1954) and 474 (from 1949) for German POWs from World War II . Seriously ill people were cared for in the prisoner-of-war hospitals 1243 , 5928 and 6014 .

In 2006, archaeological findings near Luhansk were interpreted in various media as prehistoric structures of a pyramid, which indicate an early settlement. However, this later turned out to be a false report; The findings are about a grave-temple complex that, according to the excavation manager Viktor Klochko, was built around 4000 BC. Built by Proto-Indo-Europeans and until about 400 BC. Was used.

During the crisis in Ukraine , the OSCE sent observers to Luhansk on March 21, 2014. In the days and weeks before that, there had been pro-Russian protests in Luhansk , during which demonstrators had called for a referendum modeled on the Crimea . On March 21, a tent camp set up the day before by pro-Russian demonstrators was removed from the central square in Luhansk. There were clashes between activists and the police.

An Ilyushin Il-76 of the Ukrainian Air Force was shot down on June 14, 2014 while approaching Luhansk Airport by a 9K38 Igla surface-to-air missile , killing 9 crew members and 40 paratroopers.

The city has been under the control of the internationally unrecognized Luhansk People's Republic since 2014 and, according to the Ukrainian government, belongs to an area in which the organs of state power temporarily do not exercise their powers.

Population development

1897 1923 1926 1939 1959 1970 1979 1989 2001 2016
20,404 43,966 71.006 214,607 274,520 382,774 463.047 496.813 463.097 414.509

Source:

The predominantly Russian-speaking city is one of the centers of the Russian language in Ukraine .

Sports

The local soccer club Zorya was in 1972 as Zorya Voroshilovgrad Soviet football champion and 1992 founding member of the highest Ukrainian league. The club is currently playing its games in Zaporizhia .

Town twinning

Luhansk has five twin cities and three city friendships:

city country status since
Cardiff WalesFlag of Wales (1959 – present) .svg Wales Twin town
Lublin PolandPoland Poland Twin town 1996
Daqing China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China City friendship
Pernik BulgariaBulgaria Bulgaria Twin town 1948
Rostov on Don RussiaRussia Russia City friendship
Saint-Etienne FranceFrance France Twin town 1959
Székesfehérvár HungaryHungary Hungary Twin town 1978
Vansbro SwedenSweden Sweden City friendship

economy

The locomotive factory , which employs more than 7,000 people , delivered large numbers of diesel locomotives for freight transport to the Eastern Bloc countries . It is considered the largest locomotive factory in Europe.

transport

Until the Ukraine crisis in 2014 was located near the town, in the suburb Peremoschne of, Luhansk Airport . This was in operation until June 11, 2014 and was almost completely destroyed shortly afterwards in August 2014 during fighting between Ukrainian government troops and pro-Russian fighters.

Luhansk International Airport

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

In the city worked

  • Charles Gascoigne (1739–1806), entrepreneur of Scottish origin

Web links

Commons : Luhansk  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Demography of Ukrainian cities on pop-stat.mashke.org
  2. ↑ Верховна Рада України; Постанова від 05.12.2016 № 1351-VIII Про перейменування окремих населених пунктів та районів на тимчасово окупованих територіях Донецької та Луганської областей
  3. ↑ Верховна Рада України; Постанова від 05.12.2016 № 1351-VIII Про перейменування окремих населених пунктів та районів на тимчасово окупованих територіях Донецької та Луганської областей
  4. ↑ Demography on the statistics pages of Luhansk Oblast ( Memento of the original from November 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Ukrainian) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lugastat.lg.ua
  5. ↑ Maschke, Erich (ed.): On the history of the German prisoners of war of the Second World War. Verlag Ernst and Werner Gieseking, Bielefeld 1962–1977.
  6. ↑ PRAVDA: Ancient pyramids found in Ukraine ; BBC News: 'Pyramids' discovered in Ukraine
  7. ↑ Fact Check: Ukrainian "Pyramid" , Archeology on September 26, 2015
  8. ^ Crimean crisis: OSCE sends 100 observers to Ukraine , Spiegel Online on March 22, 2014
  9. ↑ pro-Russian protests in southern and eastern Ukraine , Kleine Zeitung on March 16, 2014
  10. ↑ Lugansk authorities to remove the “Lugansk Guard” tent city ( memento of the original from March 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Kharkov News Agency on March 21, 2014 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / nahnews.com.ua
  11. ↑ Spiegel.de
  12. ↑ Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine , November 7, 2014 N 1085-р (Ukrainian)
  13. ^ Lugansk region . Retrieved November 30, 2014.
  14. ↑ Three airports in the East Ukraine closed until better times ( Memento of the original from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Ukrinform . 19th June 2014 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ukrinform.ua
  15. ↑ Battles leave Lugansk airport, busy tourist hub, in ruins
  16. ↑ Viktoriya Mazur in the database of Sports-Reference (English)