Plancher Bas
| Plancher Bas | ||
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| region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | |
| Department | Haute-Saône | |
| Arrondissement | Lure | |
| Canton | Héricourt-1 | |
| Community association | Rahin et Cherimont | |
| Coordinates | 47 ° 43 ' N , 6 ° 44' E | |
| height | 366-850 m | |
| surface | 29.12 km 2 | |
| Residents | 1,965 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 67 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 70290 | |
| INSEE code | 70413 | |
 Saint Pancras Church |
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Plancher-Bas is a commune in the French department of Haute-Saône in the region Bourgogne Franche-Comté .
geography
Plancher-Bas is located at an altitude of 421 m above sea level, about 13 kilometers northwest of the city of Belfort (as the crow flies). The village extends in the far east of the department, in the wide valley of the Rahin , in the south Vosges between the heights of the Roc du Plainet in the west and the Mont Ménard in the east.
The area of the municipal area of 29.12 km² covers a section of the landscape on the southern edge of the Vosges. From north to south the area is crossed by the Rahin valley, which curves to the west south of Plancher-Bas and provides drainage to the Ognon . The flat floodplain is 420 m on average and has a maximum width of two kilometers. It is mainly used for agriculture. In the municipality, the Rahin receives tributaries from numerous side streams, including the Ruisseau de Malembre and the Ruisseau de la Goutte from the east and the Ruisseau d'Ambiez from the west, which marks the south-western boundary with its valley. The side streams are dammed up several times to form ponds for fish farming.
A large forest area extends east of Plancher-Bas, culminating in the heights of the Grande Côte (600 m). North of the Ruisseau de la Goutte valley, the terrain rises steeply to the summit of Mont Ménard , on which the highest elevation of Plancher-Bas is reached at 850 m. In the west, the Rahin valley is flanked by the heights of the Roc du Plainet (up to 800 m) and the Forêt d'Arobert . To the south the community area extends over the hill of the Grand Gibey (486 m) into the valley basin of the upper Lizaine .
From a geological and tectonic point of view, the Plancher-Bas valley plain consists of alluvions of the Tertiary and Quaternary . The heights are mainly made up of crystalline bedrock. Permian strata also emerge only in the southern section . The entire municipality is part of the Ballons des Vosges Regional Nature Park .
In addition to the actual village, Plancher-Bas also includes numerous settlements, hamlets and farms:
- Le Pré Besson (409 m) on the Ruisseau de Malembre
- Les Charrières (420 m) on the Ruisseau de la Goutte on the eastern edge of the Rahin valley
- Le Magny (432 m) in the Rahin valley
- La Rue (445 m) in the Rahin valley
- Rupt des Gouttes (450 m) at the southwest foot of Mont Ménard
- Le Rapois (457 m) on the western edge of the Rahin valley
- Le Clos Ladeu (465 m) in the Rahin valley
- Le Mont (468 m) in the Rahin valley
Neighboring municipalities of Plancher-Bas are Fresse and Plancher-les-Mines in the north, Auxelles-Haut , Auxelles-Bas and Lachapelle-sous-Chaux in the east, Errevet and Frahier-et-Chatebier in the south and Champagney and Ronchamp in the west.
history
The place name is derived from the French word planche , which translates into German with board, plank, meaning small wooden footbridge (over a watercourse). In the Middle Ages, Plancher-Bas was part of the Free County of Burgundy and in that part of the Bailliage d'Amont area . The local rulership was held by the Lure monastery, which had extensive forests here, and the rulership of Passavant (Champagney). In 1552 the residents were granted certain freedoms. Together with Franche-Comté , the place finally came to France with the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678. For a long time the population lived on oak plantations for the extraction of the tan . Trades that were dependent on water power (mills, paper mills and tanneries) settled along the Rahin. Today, Plancher-Bas is a member of the community association Communauté de communes Rahin et Cherimont, which comprises nine localities .
Attractions
The Saint-Pancras church originally dates from 1488; After a fire in 1771, the nave and bell tower were largely rebuilt. The interior includes furniture from the 18th century and numerous statues.
population
| Population development | |
|---|---|
| year | Residents |
| 1962 | 1,341 |
| 1968 | 1,293 |
| 1975 | 1,402 |
| 1982 | 1,538 |
| 1990 | 1,644 |
| 1999 | 1,637 |
| 2006 | 1,816 |
With 1965 inhabitants (January 1, 2017) Plancher-Bas is one of the largest municipalities in the Haute-Saône department. Plancher-Bas already reached its highest level in terms of population in 1886 with 2365 people. In the first half of the 20th century, the population decreased continuously. Since the beginning of the 1970s, however, population growth has been recorded again.
Economy and Infrastructure
The economic life of Plancher-Bas was marked early on by a paper mill and metal processing industry. Thanks to the extensive municipal area, agriculture (arable farming, fruit growing and cattle breeding), forestry and fish farming also have a certain importance. Today there are numerous small and medium-sized businesses in Plancher-Bas. The important industries include metal processing, textile industry, plastics industry and the construction industry. There are also businesses and service providers for daily needs. In the last few decades the village has also turned into a residential community. Many workers are therefore commuters who go to work in the Belfort-Montbéliard agglomeration.
The village is located off the major thoroughfares on a department road that leads from Ronchamp to Giromagny . Further road connections exist with Fresse, Plancher-les-Mines and Frahier-et-Chatebier.