List of heads of state 1359

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Africa

• Egypt ( Bahri Dynasty )
  • Sultan : an-Nasir al-Hasan (1347-1351) (1354-1361)

• Algeria ( Abdalwadiden )
  • Sultan : Abu Hammu II. Musa (1359-1360) (1360-1370) (1372-1383) (1384-1387) (1387-1389)

• Ethiopia
  • Emperor (Negus Negest) : Newaya Krestos (1344–1372)

• Ifriqiya (East Algeria, Tunisia) ( Hafsiden )
  • Caliph : Ishaq II. (1350-1368)

• Jolof (in what is now Senegal )
  • Buur-ba Jolof : N'Dyadya N'Dyaye (1350-1370)

• Kano
  • Emir : Yaji I (1349-1385)

• Kingdom of Mali
  • King : Suleyman (1341-1360)

• Morocco ( Merinids )
  • Sultan : Muhammad II. As Said (1358-1359)
  • Sultan: Abu Salim Ali II (1359-1361)

• Empire Kanem
  • King : Idris I. Nikale (1335-1359)
  • King: Dawud I. Nikale (1359-1369)

America

• Aztec Empire
  • Tlatoani : Ténoch (1325-1371)

• Inca Empire
  • Inca : Inca Roca (approx. 1350-1380)

Asia

• Kingdom of the White Mutton (Ak Koyunlu)
  • Ruler: Tur Ali Bey (1340 – ca. 1362)

• Ayutthaya
  • King : Ramathibodi I (1350-1369)

• Champa
  • King : Tra Hoa Bo-dê (1352-1360)

• China and Mongolia ( Yuan Dynasty )
  • Emperor : Toghan Timur (1333-1368)
    • in southern China uprising of the red turban , Zhu Yuanzhang in Nanking

• Khorasan
  • Sultan ( Kartiden ): Muizz ad-Din (1349-1370)

• Delhi
  • Sultan : Firuz Shah Tughluq (1351-1388)

• Georgia
  • King : David IX. (1346-1360)

• Empire of the Golden Horde
  • Khan: Berdi Beg (1357–1359), then war of succession and rapid succession of individual pretenders
  • Partial ruler in Western Siberia: Cimtay (around 1344–1361)

• Iraq
  • Ruler ( Jalairids ): Uwais (1356-1374)

• Iran: see Persia

• Japan
  • Emperor ( Südhof ): Go-Murakami (1339–1368)
  • Emperor (north court): Go-Kōgon (1352-1371)
  • Shogun Ashikaga : Ashikaga Yoshiakira (1358-1367)

• Yemen
  • Ruler ( Zaidites ): ??

• Lesser Armenia
  • King : Constantine V (1344-1362)

• Korea ( Goryeo Dynasty )
  • King : Gongmin Wang (1351-1374)

• Ottoman Empire
  • Sultan : Orhan I (1326-1359)
  • Sultan: Murat I (1359-1389)

• Persia
  • Ruler ( Muzaffariden ): Qutb Al-Din Shah Mahmud (in Isfahan) (1358-1366)
  • Emir Ahiguq in Tabriz

• Sukhothai
  • King : Li Thai (1347-1370)

• Trebizond
  • Emperor : Alexios III. (1349-1390)

• Chagatai Khanate
  • Khan: Tughluk Timur (1347-1363)
  • in the western part of Emir Abdallah (1357-1359) overthrown

Europe

• Andorra
  • Co-princes :
    • Count of Foix : Gaston III. (1343-1391)
    • Bishop of Urgell : Hugó Desbach (1351-1361)

• Burgundy
  • Duke : Philip I (Philip of Rouvres), (1349-1361)

• Byzantine Empire
  • Emperor : John V (1341-1391)

• Denmark
  • King : Waldemar IV. (1340-1376)

• Teutonic Order State
  • Grand Master : Winrich von Kniprode (1351–1382)

• England
  • King : Edward III. (1327-1377)

• France
  • King : John II (le Bon) (1350–1364)

• Golden Horde: see #Asia

• Holy Roman Empire
  • King : Charles IV (1346–1378), emperor from 1355
  • Electorates
    • Archbishopric of Cologne
      • Archbishop : Wilhelm von Gennep (1349-1362)
    • Archbishopric Mainz
      • Archbishop : Gerlach von Nassau (1346-1371)
    • Archbishopric Trier
      • Archbishop : Boemund II of Saarbrücken (1354-1362)
    • Bohemia
      • King : Charles IV (1346-1378)
    • Brandenburg
      • Margrave : Ludwig II. (1351-1365)
      • Margrave: Otto V. (1351 / 1365–1373) co-regent (1351–1365)
    • Electoral Palatinate
      • Count Palatine : Ruprecht I (1353-1390)
    • Saxony
      • Elector : Rudolf II. (1356-1370)
  • spiritual principalities
    • Hochstift Augsburg
      • Bishop : Marquard I of Randeck (1348-1365)
    • Bamberg Monastery
      • Bishop : Lupold III. von Bebenburg (1353-1363)
    • Hochstift Basel
      • Bishop : Johann II. Senn von Münsingen (1335–1365) (1337–1338 administrator of Strasbourg)
    • Besançon Archbishopric
      • Archbishop : Jean III. de Vienne (1355-1361)
    • Brandenburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Dietrich II. Kothe (1347–1365)
    • Archbishopric Bremen
      • Archbishop : Godfried Graf von Arnsberg (1348–1359)
      • Archbishop: Albert II of Braunschweig-Lüneburg (1359-1395)
      • Administrator: Moritz Graf von Oldenburg (1348–1359)
    • Brixen monastery
      • Bishop : Matthew an der Gassen (1336-1363)
    • Cambrai Monastery
      • Bishop : Pierre IV d'André (1349–1368)
    • Hochstift Cammin
      • Bishop : Johann I of Saxony-Lauenburg (1344–1372)
    • Chiemsee Abbey
      • Bishop : Gerhoh von Waldeck (1354–1359)
      • Bishop: Hugo von Schärfenberg (1359)
    • Chur Monastery
      • Bishop : Peter Jelito (1356-1368)
    • Eichstätt Monastery
      • Bishop : Berthold von Zollern (1351 / 53-1365)
    • Hochstift Freising
      • Bishop : Albert II of Hohenberg (1349–1359)
      • Bishop: Paul von Jägerndorf (1359-1377)
    • Geneva Monastery
      • Bishop : Alamand de Saint-Jeoire (1342-1366)
    • Halberstadt Monastery
      • Bishop : Ludwig von Meißen (1357-1366)
    • Hochstift Havelberg
      • Bishop : Burkhard II. Count von Lindow-Ruppin (1348–1370)
    • Hildesheim Monastery
      • Bishop : Heinrich III. from Braunschweig-Lüneburg (1331-1362)
    • Constance monastery
      • Bishop : Heinrich III. by Brandis (1357–1383)
    • Lausanne bishopric
      • Bishop : Aymon I de Cossonay (1355-1375)
    • Lübeck bishopric
      • Bishop : Bertram Cremon (1350–1377)
    • Liège Monastery
      • Bishop : Engelbert von der Mark (1345–1364)
    • Archbishopric Magdeburg
      • Archbishop : Otto von Hessen (1327-1361)
    • Meissen Abbey
      • Bishop : Johann I. von Isenburg (1341 / 42–1370)
    • Merseburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Frederick II of Hoym (1357-1382)
    • Metz bishopric
      • Bishop : Ademar von Monteil (1327-1361)
    • Hochstift Minden
      • Bishop : Dietrich Kagelwit (1353-1361)
    • Monastery of Münster
      • Bishop : Adolf III. von der Mark (1357–1363)
    • Naumburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Rudolf von Nebra (1352-1359)
    • Osnabrück Monastery
      • Bishop : Johann II hat (1349-1366)
    • Paderborn Monastery
      • Bishop : Baldwin von Steinfurt (1341-1361)
    • Passau bishopric
      • Bishop : Gottfried von Weißeneck (1342-1362)
    • Ratzeburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Wipert von Blücher (1356–1367)
    • Regensburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Friedrich of Nuremberg (1340-1365)
    • Archbishopric Salzburg
      • Archbishop : Ortolf von Weißeneck (1343–1365)
    • Schwerin Monastery
      • Bishop : Albrecht von Sternberg (1356–1364) (1368–1371 Archbishop of Magdeburg)
    • Hochstift Sitten
      • Bishop : Witschard Tavelli (1342-1375)
    • Speyer Monastery
      • Bishop : Gerhard von Ehrenberg (1336-1363)
    • Strasbourg Monastery
      • Bishop : Johann II. Von Lichtenberg (1353-1365)
    • Toul Monastery
      • Bishop : Bertram de la Tour (1353-1361)
    • Hochstift Trento
      • Bishop : Meinhard von Neuhaus (1349–1362)
    • Utrecht Monastery
      • Bishop : John IV of Arkel (1342-1364)
    • Verden Monastery
      • Bishop : Daniel von Wichtrich (1342–1363)
    • Verdun Monastery
      • Bishop : Hugo III. von Bar (1352-1361)
    • Hochstift Worms
      • Bishop : Salmann Cleman (1332-1359)
      • Bishop: Dietrich I. Bayer von Boppard (1359–1365) (1365–1384 Bishop of Metz)
    • Würzburg Monastery
      • Bishop : Albrecht II of Hohenlohe (1350-1371)
  • secular principalities
    • Stop
      • Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg
        • Prince : Heinrich IV. (1354-1374)
      • Anhalt-Zerbst
        • Prince : Albrecht II (1316–1362)
    • to bathe
      • Margrave : Rudolf VI. (1353-1372)
    • Bavaria
      • Bavaria-Landshut
        • Duke : Stephan II. (1353-1363 / 75)
      • Bavaria-Straubing-Holland
        • Duke : Wilhelm I (1353-1358 / 1389)
        • Duke: Albrecht I (1353-1404)
      • Upper Bavaria
        • Duke : Ludwig V (1347 / 1349-1361)
    • Berg (1348–1395 personal union with Ravensberg)
      • Count : Gerhard (1348-1360)
    • Brabant and Limburg
      • Duchess : Johanna (1356-1406)
      • Duke: Wenceslaus (1356-1389) ( de iure uxoris )
    • Duchy of Brunswick-Lueneburg
      • Braunschweig-Göttingen
        • Duke : Ernst I (1344-1367)
      • Braunschweig-Grubenhagen
        • Duke: Ernst I (1322-1361)
        • Duke: Wilhelm (1322-1360)
      • Braunschweig-Lüneburg
        • Duke : Wilhelm II. (1330-1369)
      • Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
        • Duke : Magnus I, the Pious (1344–1369)
    • Flanders
      • Count : Ludwig von Maele (1346–1384)
    • Funds
      • Duke : Rainald III. (1343-1361)
    • Hanau
      • Lord : Ulrich III. (1346–1369 / 70)
    • Hainaut (personal union with Holland)
      • Count : Wilhelm III. (1346-1389)
    • Hesse
      • Landgrave : Heinrich II. (1328–1376)
    • Holland (personal union with Hainaut)
      • Count : Wilhelm V. (1346 / 1354-1358 / 1389)
      • Count: Albrecht I (1358 / 1389–1404)
    • Jülich
      • Duke : Wilhelm I (1328–1361) count until 1336, margrave until 1356
    • Kleve
      • Count : Johann (1347-1368)
    • Lorraine (list of rulers )
      • Upper Lorraine , Duke: Johann I (1346–1390)
    • Luxembourg (list of rulers ), Limburg and Brabant
      • Duke: Wenceslaus I (1354-1383)
    • Ortenburg
      • Count : Heinrich IV. (1346-1395)
    • Austria
      1. Archduke : Rudolf IV. (1358–1365)
    • Ravensberg (1348–1395 personal union with Berg)
      • Count : Gerhard I. (1346-1360)
    • Styria , Carinthia , Carniola and Friuli
      • Duke : Leopold III. (1358-1386)
    • Württemberg
      • Count : Eberhard II, the Greiner (1344–1392)
      • Count: Ulrich IV. (1344-1362)

• Italian states
  • Estonian
    • Margrave : Francesco II (1343–1384)
  • Ferrara, Modena and Reggio
    • Lord : Aldobrandino III. d'Este (1352-1361)
  • Genoa
    • Doge : Simone Boccanegra (1356-1363)
  • Papal States
    • Pope : Innocent VI. (1352-1362)
  • Milan
    • Lord : Bernabò Visconti (1354–1385)
    • Lord: Galeazzo II. Visconti (1354-1378)
  • Mantua
    • Imperial Vicar : Luigi I. Gonzaga (1328-1360)
  • Montferrat
    • Margrave : Johann II. (1338–1372)
  • Naples
    • Queen : Joan I (1343–1382)
  • Rimini
    • Lord : Malatesta Malatesta (1353–1364)
  • Saluzzo
    • Margrave : Friedrich II. (1357-1391)
  • San Marino
    • Capitano Reggente: Giovanni di Bianco (1357-1359)
    • Capitano Reggente: Giovanni di Guiduccio (1359-1360)
    • Capitano Reggente: Corbello di Vita (1359-1360)
  • Savoy
    • Count : Amadeus VI. (1343-1383)
  • Sicily
    • King : Friedrich III. the simple-minded (1355–1377)
  • Tarent
    • Prince : Ludwig of Taranto (1346-1362)
  • Venice
    • Doge : Giovanni Dolfin (1356-1361)
  • Verona
    • Podesta : Cangrande II. Della Scala (1352-1359)
    • Podesta: Alboino II. Della Scala (1359-1365)

• Order of St. John in Rhodes
  • Grand Master : Roger de Pins (1355-1365)

• Lesbos
  • Archon : Francesco I. Gattilusio (1355–1384)

• Lithuania
  • Grand Duke : Algirdas (1345–1377)

• Livonia
  • Landmeister : Goswin von Herike (1345–1359)

• Moldova
  • Prince : Bâlc (1359)
  • Prince: Bogdan I (1359-1365)

• Monaco
  • Seigneur (in exile): Rainier II. (1357–1407)

• Norway
  • King : Haakon VI. Magnusson (1343-1380)

• Poland
  • King : Casimir III. (1333-1370)

• Portugal
  • King : Peter I (1357-1367)

• Russia
  • Grand Duke of Moscow : Ivan II the Handsome (1353-1359)
  • Grand Duke of Moscow: Dmitri Donskoy (1359-1389)

• Scotland
  • King : David II (1329-1371)

• Sweden
  • King : Magnus II (1319-1364)

• Serbia
  • Prince : Stefan Uroš V. (1355–1371)

• Spain
  • Aragon
    • King : Peter IV (1336-1387)
  • Cerdanya
    • Count : Jacob IV (1349-1375)
  • Granada
    • Nasrid ruler : Muhammad V (1354-1359)
    • Nasrid ruler: Ismail II (1359-1360)
  • Castile
    • King : Peter I the Cruel (1350-1369)
  • Navarre
    • King : Charles II, the Evil (1349-1387)
  • Urgell
    • Count : Peter (1347–1408)

• Hungary
  • King : Ludwig I (1342-1382)

• Wallachia
  • Prince : Alexandru I, the Old (1352–1364)

• Cyprus
  • King : Hugo IV. (1324-1359)
  • King: Peter I (1359-1369)