Fábrica Nacional de Motores

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Logo of the FNM with the snake motif of the Alfa Romeo logo.

The Fábrica Nacional de Motores (FNM) was a Brazilian manufacturer of engines and motor vehicles based in Duque de Caxias near Rio de Janeiro . The company, which was founded in 1942 and had manufactured modified trucks and passenger cars for the Italian manufacturer Alfa Romeo for years, was merged with the Iveco Group after Fiat took over this company in 1988 .

history

FNM trucks.

The company was founded in 1942 by the Brazilian state as part of the Estado Novo policy under President Getúlio Dornelles Vargas . Initially, aircraft engines were manufactured under license from the American manufacturer Curtiss-Wright .

After the Second World War it was decided to convert the production program to the manufacture of trucks. A license agreement was signed with the Italian manufacturer Isotta Fraschini in 1949. A little later, however, Isotta Fraschini had to close the gates for economic reasons. Two years later, a new truck technology partner was found in Alfa Romeo . For many years, FNM was the only manufacturer of heavy and medium-duty trucks in Brazil.

In 1961, the collaboration with Alfa Romeo was extended to include passenger cars. The beginning was the four-door sedan of the Alfa Romeo 2000 Berlina model , which was sold under the name FNM 2000. The engines were throttled compared to the original 2000 cm³ with 105 HP to 1975 cm³ with 95 HP.

In 1963 the brand name FNM was given up for passenger cars. After that, the vehicles were marketed as Alfa Romeo .

With the two-door Coupé Onça , an independent, elegant model was developed in 1966, the lines of which are unmistakably reminiscent of the first generation of the Ford Mustang .

1971 FNM Alfa Romeo 2150

In 1968 Alfa Romeo took over the majority in FNM. The car engines were enlarged to 2150 cm³ and then to 2300 cm³. In 1974 there was a model change; Outwardly, this FNM 2300 was similar to the Alfa Romeo Alfetta introduced in 1972 , but was based on the technical basis of the previous model. For example, the wheelbase of the 2300 was 21 cm longer and the body 41 cm longer than the Alfetta, and the gearbox was not placed together with the differential on the rear axle, but was conventionally flanged to the engine. This model was produced until November 1986 and was also offered briefly by Alfa Romeo Germany in 1981 under the name Alfa Rio.

After the takeover of Alfa Romeo by Fiat in 1986, FNM was integrated into the Fiat group. In 1988 the brand name FNM was replaced by the Fiat brand Iveco and production was concentrated on delivery vans and trucks from the Iveco range.

Production figures FNM 2000/2150, as far as can be determined:

  • 1966: 474
  • 1967: 714
  • 1968:
  • 1969: 555
  • 1970: 1,209
  • 1971: 800
  • 1972: 600
Technical data FNM 2000 / Onça / 2150/2300
Technical data FNM 2000 / Onça / 2150/2300
FNM: 2000 2000 TIMB Onça 2150 2300 (1975) 2300 ti (1975) TI4 (1985)
Engine:  4-cylinder in-line engine (four-stroke)
Displacement:  1975 cc 2132 cc 2310 cc
Bore × stroke:  84.5 x 88 mm 84.5 x 95 mm 88 × 95 mm
Performance at 1 / min:  70 kW (95 PS)
at 5400		 77 kW (105 PS) at 5700 85 kW (115 PS) at 5900 81 kW (110 PS)
at 5700		 103 kW (140 SAE PS ) at 5700 110 kW (149 SAE PS)
at 5700		 95 kW (130 PS)
at 5500
Max. Torque at 1 / min:  153 Nm at 3600 167 Nm at 3900 214 Nm at 3500 235 Nm at 3500 235 Nm at 3500
Mixture preparation:  1
downdraft twin carburetor Solex 35 APAIG		 2 carburettors
Solex 44 PHH		 1
downdraft twin carburetor Solex 35 APAIG		 1 double carburetor 2 double carburetors 1 double carburetor
Valve control:  DOHC , chain
Cooling:  Water cooling
Transmission:  5-speed gearbox, steering wheel gearshift 5-speed gearbox, center shift
Front suspension:  two triangular links of unequal length each, coil springs
Rear suspension:  Rigid axle, trailing arm, coil springs
Brakes:  Four wheel drum brakes
2150: aW front disc brakes		 Discs in front, drums in the back Discs all around
Steering:  Worm steering
Body:  Sheet steel, self-supporting
Track width front / rear:  1400/1370 mm 1397/1400 mm
Wheelbase:  2720 ​​mm
Onça: 2500 mm		 2730 mm
Dimensions:  4715 × 1700 × 1450 mm
Onça: 4425 × 1670 × 1290 mm		 4690-4719 × 1692 × 1362 mm
Empty weight:  1360 kg
Onça: 1100 kg		 1412 kg
Top speed:  155 km / h 165 km / h 175 km / h 165 km / h 170 km / h 175 km / h 170 km / h
0-100 km / h:  not specified 12.0 s
Consumption (liters / 100 kilometers):  10.5 N not specified

literature

  • Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia . United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8 , chapter FNM.
  • George Nick Georgano (Editor-in-Chief): The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Volume 1: A – F. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago 2001, ISBN 1-57958-293-1 , p. 556 (English)
  • Automobil Revue , catalog numbers 1968 to 1973 (technical data, quantities)

Web links

Commons : Fábrica Nacional de Motores  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Harald H. Linz, Halwart Schrader : The International Automobile Encyclopedia . United Soft Media Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8032-9876-8 , chapter FNM.
  2. ↑ George Nick Georgano (Editor-in-Chief): The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago 2001, ISBN 1-57958-293-1 , p. 556. (English)
  3. ↑ auto motor und sport , issue 3/81, p. 37
  4. ↑ according to Automobil Revue , catalog numbers 1968–1973