List of wars and battles in Estonia
The list of wars and battles in Estonia chronologically shows the most important armed conflicts with wars, battles and skirmishes on the territory of today's Estonia or with significant Estonian participation from around 1200 AD .
Overview
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13th Century
| date | Battle name | Place, region, state (today) | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1180–1290: Nordic / Baltic Crusades | |||
| 1203 | Battle of Gotland (1203) | Gotland , Gotland County , Sweden | Archdiocese of Riga and Crusaders defeat Estonians |
| 1206 , summer | Battle for Ösel (1206) | Saaremaa , Estonia | Ösel – Esten defeat Denmark and the crusaders |
| 1210 , beginning | Battle of Wenden (1210) | Cēsis , Livonia , Latvia | Order of the Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia and Latgals (Tālava) defeat Estonians (Ugandi) |
| 1210 , August / September | Battle of Ümera (1210) | South of Valmiera , Livonia , Latvia | Estonians (Ugandi, Sakala and Sontagana) defeat Brotherhood of the Sword, Livonia (Turaida) and Latgale (Tālava) |
| 1211 , February – March | Siege of Fellin (1211) | Viljandi , Viljandimaa , Estonia | Order of the Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia (Turaida) and Latgale (Tālava) defeat Estonians (Sakala) |
| 1211 , summer | Battle of Treiden (1211) | Turaida , Livonia , Latvia | Order of the Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga Livonia and Latgale (Tālava) defeat Estonians, Ösel – Estonians and Revala |
| 1215 , beginning | Battle of Lehola | At Olustvere , Viljandimaa , Estonia | Brotherhood of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga and Livonians defeat Estonians (Sakala) |
| 1215 , spring | Battle of Riga (1215) | Riga , Livonia , Latvia | Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia and Latgale (Tālava) defeat Estonians and Ösel – Estonians |
| 1215 , summer | Battle for Ösel (1215) | Saaremaa , Estonia | Estonians and Ösel – Estonians defeat crusaders |
| 1217 , February | Battle of Odenpah | Otepää , Valgamaa , Estonia | Novgorod and Pleskau Russians and Estonians (Ösel – Esten, Sakala, Harrien) defeat the Order of the Sword Brothers, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia, Latgale (Tālava) and Estonians (Ugandi) |
| 1217 , September 21 | Battle on St. Matthew's Day | Suure-Jaani , Viljandimaa , Estonia | Order of the Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia (Turaida) and Latgale (Tālava) defeat Estonians (Sakala, Wiek, Harrien, Jerwen, Revala and Wierland) |
| 1219 , June 15th | Battle of Lyndanisse | Tallinn , Harrien , Estonia | Kgr.Denmark and Rügen Wenden defeated Estonians (Revala and Harrien) |
| 1220 , August 8th | Battle of Leal | Lihula , Parnumaa , Estonia | Ösel – Esten and Esten (Wiek) defeat Kgr. Sweden |
| 1221 , April | Siege of Reval (1221) | Tallinn , Harrien , Estonia | Kgr. Denmark defeats Ösel – Esten and Esten (Revala, Harrien and Wierland) |
| 1223 , February – March | Siege of Reval (1223) | Tallinn , Harrien , Estonia | Kgr. Denmark defeated Ösel – Esten and Esten (Wiek, Varbola, Jerwen and Wierland) |
| 1223 , August 1st - 15th | Siege of Fellin (1223) | Viljandi , Viljandimaa , Estonia | Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia and Latgall defeat Estonians (Sakala), Novgorodians and Pleskau Russians |
| 1224 , August 15th | Siege of Dorpat (1224) | Tartu , Tartumaa , Estonia | Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia and Latgals defeat Estonians (Ugandi, Sakala) and Novgorod Russians |
| 1227 , January 29th - February 3rd | Siege of Moon | Muhu , Saare maakond , Estonia | Brothers of the Sword, Archdiocese of Riga, Livonia, Latgale and converted Estonians defeat Ösel – Estonians and Estonians (Muhu) |
| 1236 , September 22 | Sun battle of Schaulen | Šiauliai , Schaulen District , Lithuania | Samogites, Lithuanians and Zemgallians defeat Brotherhood of the Sword, Pleskau Russians, Livonians, Latgals and Kgr. Denmark |
| 1242 , April 5th | Battle on Lake Peipus | Lake Peipus , Estonia / Russia | Novgorod and Pleskau Russians and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the Livonian Order, Diocese of Dorpat and Kgr. Denmark |
| 1245 | Battle of Wenden (1245) | Cēsis , Livonia , Latvia | Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Nalšia defeat the Livonian Order, Latvia-Wenden and Latgale |
| 1257 | Battle of Memel (1257) | Klaipėda , Memel District , Lithuania | Samogites defeat Livonian orders and cures |
| 1259 | Battle of Schoden | Luknė near Skuodas , Memel District , Lithuania | Samogites defeat Livonian orders and cures |
| 1260 , July 13th | Battle of the Durbe | Durbe , Kurzeme , Latvia | The Samogites and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the Livonian Order with the Kurds, Prussians, Kgr. Denmark and Kgr. Sweden |
| 1262 , February 3rd | Battle of Lennewarden | Lielvārde , Livonia , Latvia | Samogites defeat the Livonian Order |
| 1263 , February | Battle of Dünamünde (1263) | Daugavgrīva , Livonia , Latvia | Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Samogites against Livonian Order |
| 1268 , February 18 | Battle of Wesenberg (1268) | Rakvere , West Wierland , Estonia | Novgorod and Pleskauer Russians defeat the Livonian Order, Diocese of Dorpat, Diocese of Ösel-Wiek and Kgr.Denmark (Hzt. Estonia) |
| 1270 , February 16 | Battle of Karusen | Karuse , Parnumaa , Estonia | Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Zemgallia defeat the Livonian Order, Diocese of Dorpat, Diocese of Ösel-Wiek, and Kgr. Denmark (Hzt. Estonia) |
| 1277 | Siege of Dünaburg (1277) | Daugavpils , Latgale , Latvia | Grand Duchy of Lithuania against Livonian Order |
| 1279 , March 5th | Battle of Asherades (1279) | Aizkraukle , Livonia , Latvia | Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats Livonian Order |
| 1287 , March 26th | Battle of the Garoza | At Ozolnieki , Zemgale , Latvia | Zemgall defeats the Livonian Order, Livonia, Latgale and the city of Riga |
| 1298 , June 1st | Battle of Treiden (1298) | Turaida , Livonia , Latvia | The Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the City of Riga defeat the Livonian Order |
14th Century
| date | Battle name | Place, region, state (today) | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1343–1345 Estonian popular uprising against Denmark | |||
| 1343 , April 23 | Uprising on St. George's Night | Harju County , Estonia | Beginning of the Estonian uprising |
| 1343 , May 11th | Battle of Kanavere | Kanavere ( Harju County ), Estonia | Brothers of the Sword order defeats Hzt. Estonia |
| 1343 , May 14th | Battle of Kimmole | Sõjamäe , ( Tallinn ), Estonia | Brothers of the Sword order defeats Hzt. Estonia |
15th century
| date | Battle name | Place, region, state (today) | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1480–1481: Russo-Livonian War | |||
| 1481 | Siege of Karkus (1481) | Karksi , Viljandi County , Estonia | Grand Duchy of Moscow and Rep. Pleskau defeated the Livonian Confederation |
| 1481 | Siege of Tarwast (1481) | Tarvastu , Viljandi County , Estonia | Grand Duchy of Moscow and Rep. Pleskau defeated the Livonian Confederation |
| 1481 , March 1 - | Siege of Fellin (1481) | Viljandi , Viljandimaa , Estonia | Grand Duchy of Moscow and Rep. Pleskau defeated the Livonian Confederation |
16th Century
| date | Battle name | Place, region, state (today) | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1500–1502: Russo-Livonian War | |||
| 1501 , August 27 | Battle of the Seriza | Izborsk near Pskov , Pskov , Russia | Livonian Confederation defeats Grand Duchy of Moscow |
| 1502 , September 13 | Battle of Lake Smolina | Palkino near Pskow , Pskov , Russia | Livonian Confederation defeats Grand Duchy of Moscow |
| 1558–1583: Livonian War ( First Northern War ) | |||
| 1558 , April 1st - May 11th | Siege of Narva (1558) | Narva , East Wierland , Estonia | Tsarism Russia defeats Livonian Confederation |
| 1558 - June 29 | Siege of Neuhausen | Vastseliina , Võrumaa , Estonia | Tsarism Russia defeats Livonian Confederation |
| 1558 , 8 - 18 July | Siege of Dorpat (1558) | Tartu , Tartumaa , Estonia | Tsarism Russia defeats the Diocese of Dorpat |
| 1558 , August | Siege of Weißenstein (1558) | Paide , Jerwen , Estonia | Tsarism Russia defeats Livonian Confederation |
| 1558 , September - October | Siege of Rings | Rõngu , Tartumaa , Estonia | Livonian Confederation defeats Tsarism Russia |
| 1559 , January 17th | Battle of Tirsen | Tirza, Livonia , Latvia | Tsarism Russia defeats Livonian Confederation and Archdiocese of Riga |
| 1560 , August 2nd | Battle of Ermes | Ērģeme , Livonia , Latvia | Tsarism Russia defeats Livonian Order, Kgr. Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania |
| 1560 - August 20 | Siege of Fellin (1560) | Viljandi , Viljandimaa , Estonia | Tsarism Russia defeats Livonian Order |
| 1570 , August 21 - March 30, 1571 | Siege of Reval (1570–1571) | Tallinn , Harrien , Estonia | Sweden defeats Tsarist Russia |
| 1572 , December 21 - January 1, 1573 | Siege of Weißenstein (1572–1573) | Paide , Jerwen , Estonia | Tsarism Russia defeats Kgr. Sweden |
| 1573 , January 23 | Battle of Lode | In Koluvere , Wiek , Estonia | Sweden defeats Tsarist Russia |
| 1574 , January - March | Siege of Wesenberg (1574) | Rakvere , West Wierland , Estonia | Tsarism Russia defeats Kgr. Sweden |
| 1577 , January 27th - March 13th | Siege of Reval (1577) | Tallinn , Harrien , Estonia | Sweden defeats Tsarist Russia |
| 1579 , September 14th - end of September | Siege of Narva (1579) | Narva , East Wierland , Estonia | Tsarism Russia defeats Kgr. Sweden |
| 1580 , October - December | Siege of Padis | Padise , Harrien , Estonia | Sweden defeats Tsarist Russia |
| 1581 , August 18 - September 6 | Siege of Narva (1581) | Narva , East Wierland , Estonia | Sweden defeats Tsarist Russia |
| 1590–1595: Russo-Swedish War | |||
17th century
18./19. century
20th century
| date | Battle name | Place, region, state (today) | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1914 - 18 - World War I | |||
| 1918–1920: Estonian War of Independence and Latvian War of Independence → also Russian Civil War |
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| 1918 , November 28th | Battle of Narva (1918) | Narva , East Wierland , Estonia | Soviet Russia defeats Estonia and the German Empire |
| 1918 , November 28th | Skirmish at Joala | Joala ( Narva ), East Wierland , Estonia | Estonia and the German Empire defeat Soviet Russia |
| 1918 , December 15th | Battle at Rägavere | Rägavere , West Wierland , Estonia | Soviet Russia defeats Estonia |
| 1918 , December 23 | Battle at Punapargi | Tihemetsa, Pärnumaa , Estonia | German Empire defeats Estonia |
| 1919 , January 3rd | Battle at Wallküll | Valkla mõis, Harrien , Estonia | Soviet Russia defeats Estonia |
| 1919 , January 4th | Battle at Kedder | Kehra , Harrien , Estonia | Estonia and Finland defeat Soviet Russia |
| 1919 , January 9th | Battle of Taps | Tapa , West Wierland , Estonia | Soviet Russia defeats Estonia and Finland |
| 1919 , 13 - 14 January | Battle of Tartu (1919) | Tartu , Tartumaa , Estonia | Estonia and Finland defeat Soviet Russia |
| 1919 , 17th - 19th January | Battle of Utria | Udria , East Wierland , Estonia | Estonia and Finland defeat Soviet Russia |
| 1919 , January 18 | Battle at Laagna | Laagna , East Wierland , Estonia | Estonia and Finland defeat Soviet Russia |
| 1919 , 18th - 19th January | First battle at Narva | Narva , East Wierland , Estonia | Estonia and Finland defeat Soviet Russia |
| 1919 , January 31 | Battle of Paju | Paju manor near Valga , Valgamaa , Estonia | Estonia and Finland defeat Soviet Russia and the Latvian Soviet Republic |
| 1919 , 20th - 23. March | Battle of Sänna | Sänna to Suure – Ruuga, Võrumaa , Estonia | Estonia defeats Soviet Russia |
| 1919 , 19 - 20 June | Battle of Lemsal | Limbaži to Straupe , Livonia , Latvia | Estonia and Latvia defeat Baltic National Army and Iron Division (German Reich) |
| 1919 , 19 - 23 June | Battle of Wenden (1919) | Cēsis , Livonia , Latvia | Estonia and Latvia defeat Baltic National Army and Iron Division (German Reich) |
| 1919 , October 13th - November 9th | Operation Krasnaya Gorka | Ingermanland , Russia | Soviet Russia defeats Estonia, Ingermanland and the United Kingdom |
| 1919 , November 11th | Battle of Riga (1919) | Riga , Livonia , Latvia | Rep. Latvia, Estonia and United Kingdom defeat the West Russian Liberation Army |
| 1919 , 18th - the 30th November | Third battle at Narva | Narva , East Wierland , Estonia | Estonia defeats Soviet Russia |
| 1919 , 18th - 30th December | Battle of Krivasoo | Krivasoo, East Wierland , Estonia | Estonia defeats Soviet Russia |
| 1919 , November 22nd | Battle of Radwilischken | Radviliškis , Šiauliai District , Lithuania | Rep. Latvia, Estonia and United Kingdom defeat the West Russian Liberation Army |
| 1939 - 45 - World War II | |||
| 1940 , summer | Occupation of Estonia in 1940 | Estonia | Forced occupation of the Republic of Estonia by the Soviet Union |
| 1944 , 17th - 22. September | Company Aster | Estonia | Soviet Union defeats Germany |