Systematics of the hummingbirds

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The hummingbird family (Trochilidae) includes over 300 species. Traditionally, the hummingbirds were divided into two subfamilies, the hermits (Phaethornithinae) and the real hummingbirds (Trochilinae). However, recent phylogenetic studies show that the hummingbirds consist of nine main clades , one of which is the Phaethornithinae. The topazini belong to the other eight clades and are basal to all other clades, i.e. the sister group of all other hummingbirds. The Trochilinae are therefore not a monophyletic group, so do not include all descendants of the last common ancestor, and can therefore no longer be used in a modern system. In the following classification of the hummingbirds , the genera and species were arranged according to the nine main clades.

Cladogram of the hummingbirds according to McGuire et al. (2007 and 2008)
  Hummingbirds  

 Topazini


   

 Hermits (Phaethornithinae)


   

 Polytmini (Mangoes)


   


 Lophornitini (Coquettes)


   

 Coeligini (Brilliants)



   

 Patagonini


   


 Lampornithini (Mountain gems)


   

 Mellisugini (Bees)



   

 Trochilini (Emeralds)








Template: Klade / Maintenance / Style

literature

  • Jimmy Adair McGuire, Christopher Cooper Witt, James Vanderbeek Remsen Jr, Ammon Corl, Daniel Lee Rabosky, Douglas Leonard Altshuler, Robert Dudley: Molecular phylogenetics and the diversification of hummingbirds . In: Current Biology . tape 24 , no. 8 , 2014, p. 910-916 , doi : 10.1016 / j.cub.2014.03.016 .
  • Jimmy A. McGuire, Christopher C. Witt, Douglas L. Altshuler, JV Remsen Jr (2007): Phylogenetic Systematics and biogeography of hummingbirds: Bayesian and maximum-likelihood analyzes of partitioned data and selection of an appropriate partitioning strategy. Syst Biol 56: 837-856. doi: 10.1080 / 10635150701656360 .
  • Jimmy A. McGuire, Christopher C. Witt, JV Remsen Jr, R. Dudley, Douglas L. Altshuler (2008): A higher-level taxonomy for hummingbirds. Journal of Ornithology , doi: 10.1007 / s10336-008-0330-x .
  • with Vítor de Queiroz Piacentini , James Vanderbeek Remsen Jr: A brief history of the generic classification of the Trochilini (Aves: Trochilidae): the chaos of the past and problems to be resolved . In: Zootaxa . tape 4269 , no. 3 , 2017, p. 396-412 , doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.4269.3.4 .
  • Frank Garfield Stiles III, James Vanderbeek Remsen Jr, Jimmy Adair McGuire: The generic classification of the Trochilini (Aves: Trochilidae): Reconciling taxonomy with phylogeny . In: Zootaxa . tape 4353 , no. 3 , 2017, p. 401-424 , doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.4353.3.1 .
  • Frank Garfield Stiles III, James Vanderbeek Remsen Jr .: The generic nomenclature of the Trochilini: a correction . In: Zootaxa . tape 4691 , no. 2 , 2019, p. 195–196 , doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.4691.2.10 .
  • Blanca Estela Hernández-Baños, Luz Estela Zamudio Beltrán, Borja Milá: Phylogenetic relationships and systematics of a subclade of Mesoamerican emerald hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae: Trochilini) . In: Zootaxa . tape 4784 , no. 3 , March 9, 2020, p. 581-591 , doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.4748.3.11 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Trochilidae in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved September 21, 2016.
  2. ↑ McGuire et al. (2007 and 2008)
  3. ↑ Recognize Colibri cyanotus as a separate species from C. thalassinus. Page 287 in AOU Classification Committee - North and Middle America - Proposal Set 2016 - C
  4. ↑ Leonardo E. Lopes, Marcelo F. De Vasconcelos and Luiz P. Gonzaga. 2017. A Cryptic New Species of Hummingbird of the Campylopterus largipennis complex (Aves: Trochilidae). Zootaxa . 4268 (1); 1-33. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa.4268.1.1 PDF

Web links