Bérenx
| Bérenx | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Oloron-Sainte-Marie | |
| Canton | Orthez et Terres des Gaves et du Sel | |
| Community association | Bearn des Gaves | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 30 ′ N , 0 ° 51 ′ W | |
| height | 25-176 m | |
| surface | 13.59 km 2 | |
| Residents | 435 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 32 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64300 | |
| INSEE code | 64112 | |
| Website | www.berenx.fr | |
 Bérenx Town Hall |
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Bérenx is a French municipality with 435 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Oloron-Sainte-Marie (until 2016: Arrondissement Pau ) and the canton of Orthez et Terres des Gaves et du Sel (until 2015: Canton Salies-de-Béarn ).
The name in the Gascognic language is Berencs .
geography
Bérenx is located in the northern part of the department, about 55 kilometers northwest of Oloron-Sainte-Marie , about 10 km west of Orthez on the left bank of the Gave de Pau in the historic province of Béarn .
The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
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Ramous Baigts-de-Béarn |
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| Bellocq |
.svg)
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Salles-Mongiscard |
| Salies-de-Bearn |
Bérenx lies in the catchment area of the Adour River and lies on the left bank of the Gave de Pau, one of its tributaries. The Arriou de Cazaubon, a tributary of the Gave de Pau, marks a large part of the western municipal boundary. The Arriou de Mondran, a tributary of the Saleys , crosses the southern area of the commune.
history
The Saint Picq hill offers a wide view of the Gave de Pau valley. People took advantage of this advantage very early on and set up a fortified camp on this hill. A moth with a diameter of 60 meters with a double ring of embankments and ditches was erected. In 1103 a castle was built on the site with two towers that allowed an estimated visibility of 60 km. Vice-Count Gaston IV of Béarn commissioned the construction after returning from Jerusalem from the First Crusade .
Gilhem de Berencs is mentioned in 1240 in the copial book of the Abbey of Saint-Jean de Sorde , and in 1241 as Gilhem de Berens . In the census of 1385, 71 households were counted and it was noted that the village is in the Bailliage of Rivière-Gave , an archpriesthood of the diocese of Dax at the time . Further toponyms were subsequently Berenxs (1461, documents from Béarn), Verencxs (1548, Reformation from Béarn), Berenlx (1582, disposal of the diocese of Dax).
During the Huguenot Wars around 1620 the castle, which was occupied by Protestant troops, was besieged. King Louis XIII finally let them drag. The towers were completely destroyed, only earthfills and wall remnants are left. On the map of Cassini 1750 it is entered as a ruin near Berenx . During the French Revolution in 1793, Bérenx was run as Bereux , and eight years later as a Bérenx alongside Bereux during the French Consulate .
During the Napoleonic wars , the community played a certain minor role. When the Allied armies marched under the command of Arthur Wellesleys , later Duke of Wellington , some of his units crossed the Gave over a ford near Bérenx in February 1814 on the eve of the Battle of Orthez , as the French general Éloi-Charlemagne Taupin had crossed the bridge had previously destroyed the river.
Population development
After peaking at 941 inhabitants in the mid-19th century, the number fell in waves by more than half by the 1950s. Since then it has remained at the same level.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 479 | 461 | 444 | 471 | 496 | 475 | 480 | 485 | 435 |
Attractions
- Church dedicated to the apostles Simon Peter and John the Baptist . A church in Bérenx was mentioned as early as 1343. The local church was restored from 1784 to 1789 and completely rebuilt in 1878. The current single-nave building has a flat apse and a steeple above the entrance. The stained glass windows were created by the renowned Toulouse glass painter Louis-Victor Gesta in 1934.
Economy and Infrastructure
The economy is mainly determined by agriculture. Bérenx is located in the AOC zones of the Béarn and Ossau-Iraty wine-growing regions , a traditionally made cheese made from sheep's milk.
total = 33
traffic
Bérenx is crossed by Routes départementales 29 and 933 (former Route nationale 133 ). The Autoroute A64 , called La Pyrénéenne , leads in sections through the northern local area, but without a direct exit.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bérenx ( fr ) Gasconha.com. Retrieved February 26, 2017.
- ↑ Ma commune: Bérenx ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved February 26, 2017.
- ↑ a b Regional Council of Aquitaine: Touron de Saint-Pic ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on February 27, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 26, 2017.
- ^ Paul Raymond: Cartulaire de l'abbaye Saint-Jean de Sorde ( Latin and French ) Librairie archéologique de Dumoulin, Paris, Librairie de Léon Ribaut, Pau. P. 62, 1873. Retrieved February 26, 2017.
- ^ Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées ( fr ) In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France . Imprimerie nationale. P. 28, 1863. Retrieved February 26, 2017.
- ^ France 1750 ( en ) David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates. Retrieved February 26, 2017.
- ↑ a b Notice Communale Bérenx ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved February 26, 2017.
- ↑ Major-General FC Beatson: Wellington: Crossing The Gaves And The Battle Of Orthez ( en ) Pickle Partners Publishing. November 6, 2015. Accessed February 26, 2017.
- ^ Arthur Wellesley Wellington: The Dispatches of Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington: During His Various Campaigns in India, Denmark, Portugal, Spain, the Low Countries, and France ( en ) Cambridge University Press . November 18, 2010. Retrieved February 26, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Bérenx (64112) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved February 26, 2017.
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Bérenx (64112) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved February 26, 2017.
- ^ Église Saint-Pierre Saint-Jean-Baptiste ( fr ) Visites en Aquitaine. Archived from the original on February 27, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 26, 2017.
- ↑ List des produits par commune ( fr ) Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité . Archived from the original on February 5, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 26, 2017.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune de Bérenx (64112) ( fr ) INSEE . Archived from the original on March 2, 2017. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 26, 2017.
