Béost
| Béost | ||
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| region | Nouvelle-Aquitaine | |
| Department | Pyrénées-Atlantiques | |
| Arrondissement | Oloron-Sainte-Marie | |
| Canton | Oloron-Sainte-Marie-2 | |
| Community association | Vallée d'Ossau | |
| Coordinates | 43 ° 0 ′ N , 0 ° 25 ′ W | |
| height | 484-2,688 m | |
| surface | 43.50 km 2 | |
| Residents | 217 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 5 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 64440 | |
| INSEE code | 64110 | |
| Website | www.mairie-beost.fr | |
 View of Béost |
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Béost is a French municipality with 217 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in the region Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2016: Aquitaine ). The municipality belongs to the Arrondissement of Oloron-Sainte-Marie and the Canton of Oloron-Sainte-Marie-2 (until 2015: Canton Laruns ).
The inhabitants are called Beostois or Beostoises .
geography
Béost is located about 35 km southeast of Oloron-Sainte-Marie and about 40 km south of Pau in the Vallée d'Ossau in Béarn on the eastern edge of the department to the Hautes-Pyrénées .
The highest point (2688 m) is the Pic du Grand Gabizos on the south-eastern border of the municipality.
The place is surrounded by the neighboring communities:
| Louvie-Soubiron | ||
| Laruns |
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Arbéost (Hautes-Pyrénées) |
| Eaux-Bonnes |
Béost is located in the Adours catchment area . The Ouzom , a tributary of the Gave de Pau , flows through the eastern part of the municipality with its tributaries
- Arrec d'Arbaze,
- Ruisseau Le Baudès and its tributary
- Arrec de Lagnères,
- Arrec de Groute, with its tributary
- Arrec Arrendau, with its tributary
- Arrec de Hournatèch,
- Arrec Arrendau, with its tributary
- Ruisseau Le Laussiès.
The Gave d'Ossau flows through the eastern part of the municipality with its tributaries
- Canceigt, with its tributaries
- Arrec de Badeigs,
- Arrec de Carbouéras,
- Arrec de Bareilles,
- Arrec Gros,
- Arrec de Serrémédat.
In the southern part of the municipality's territory, tributaries of the Valentin flow:
- Ruisseau Le Cély and its tributary
- Arrec l'Arcascou,
- Ruisseau de Portaig.
history
The place Béost has been in the archives since 1328. The hamlet of Bagès, which belongs to the municipality, is mentioned as early as the 12th century under the toponym Baiss on a document from Gabas, now part of Laruns. In the copy book or livre rouge , Béost is mentioned in its current form in 1355. In the census of 1385 25 households were counted in Béost and 7 households in Bagès under the toponym Bayees , and it was noted that the settlements are in the Bailliage des Viscounts of Ossau. Some of these families still live in Béost today. When recorded in 1538 on the occasion of the Reformation in Béarn, Bagès was named as Bagees . On the map of Cassini 1750, Béost is entered as Beost and Bagès as Bagés . During the French Revolution in 1793, Béost was run under the name of Beost , and eight years later during the French Consulate, alongside Beost , as Béost .
Lay monasteries were used in the period before the French Revolution in 1789 to raise the tithe and to appoint the pastor of the local church. Béost had three lay monasteries at the same time, which shared the tithe.
Population development
After highs of more than 400 inhabitants at the beginning of the 19th century, the number steadily declined to around 40% until the 1950s. There was an interim high in the 1960s before the number of residents fell below 200. Since the turn of the millennium she has been able to recover easily.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2009 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 284 | 275 | 229 | 219 | 204 | 197 | 210 | 211 | 217 |
Culture and sights
Every year from mid-June onwards, cows, sheep and goats are driven to higher pastures for the next three months. In the Ossau Valley, the animals are traditionally accompanied by a folk festival.
Buildings
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- Parish church dedicated to James the Elder . From Romanesque building from the 12th and 13th centuries only the semicircular has apse survived the centuries. The remaining parts of the church were built in the 15th century. In the 16th century the church and the bell tower were fortified with loopholes . The current building, which was restored in the 19th century, consists of a Gothic nave with simple pointed arches , a side aisle on the south side, two chapels on the north side and a church tower with a square floor plan on three floors. The Gothic windows in the church tower are domed and decorated with bars . The portal of marble dates back to the 15th century and falls through the unusually sculpted tympanum on. Each wedge of the outer arch has a figure in relief . John the Baptist is depicted on the top stone , to the left and right of him six apostles each with two angels making music on the bottom stones. The apostles can be recognized by their attributes , e.g. B. Peter with the key to heaven or Paul with the sword by which he is supposed to be executed. The faces of three people have been mutilated since the French Revolution. Above the arch there is an image of God . The interior of the church contains a pietà made of marble, a holy water basin , two bells from the late Middle Ages and an altarpiece from the 18th century as interesting furnishings . During a restoration in 1968, around 30 human skeletons were discovered above the ceiling. It is believed that they were pilgrims who were on the Camino de Santiago to Santiago de Compostela around 1600 . They were walled up dead or dying in order to allegedly avoid further contamination of the population during the great plague epidemic that broke out at the time .
- Lay monastery. The origins of the building not far from the church go back to the end of the 12th or the beginning of the 13th century as a festival house . A wing of the building was added in the 14th century to accommodate the growing number of pilgrims on the Camino de Santiago. The tower that protrudes from the residential wing was built in the 14th century. Bertrand d'Espalungue acquired the lay monastery in the 16th century and redesigned the buildings. He enlarged it to the south, embellished it with coupling windows in the Renaissance style and built a gateway to the central square and church. The lay monastery remained in the possession of the d'Espalungue family for the next three centuries. The building has been owned by an association for popular education since 1951.
Sports
The Col d'Aubisque , a 1,709 meter high mountain pass , is located in the southern municipal area and is one of the well-known climbs of the Tour de France . For the “Big Loop” 2018, a passage over the Col d'Aubisque from the east is planned on July 27, 2018 during the 19th stage from Lourdes to Laruns .
Economy and Infrastructure
The economy is mainly determined by services, tourism and agriculture. Béost is located in the zone AOC of Ossau-Iraty , a traditionally produced cheese from sheep milk.
total = 25
traffic
Béost is crossed by Route départementales 240 and 918 (former Route nationale 618 ).
Personalities
- Pierre Gaston Sacaze (born May 20, 1797 in Bagès, died February 18, 1893) was a shepherd and botanist . He came from the Cagots , a group of people who were discriminated against in Spain and France from the 13th to well into the 19th century and who were largely excluded from social life. After an animal epidemic in 1825, he began to self-taught to record more than 6000 plants and more than 600 varieties of lichen . One type of stone seed , the Lithospermum gastonii , has been named after him since then. Pierre Gaston Sacaze also devoted himself to the study of stones and fossils and recognized the mineralogical wealth of his community in relation to iron and lead. He also made watercolors , made music and danced.
- Robert Brefeil (1913–1962) was a highly respected folklorist from the Ossau Valley , who set many dances to music.
Web links
- Béost on the website of the Tourist Office of the Association of Municipalities (French)
- Béost on the Pyrénées Béarnaises Tourist Office website (French)
- Website of the AOP Ossau-Iraty association (French)
- Béost on the map by Cassini 1750
Individual evidence
- ↑ Pyrénées-Atlantiques Gentile. habitant.fr, accessed on February 26, 2017 (French).
- ↑ géoportail Béost. Institut national de l'information geographique et forestière , accessed on February 26, 2017 (French).
- ↑ Ma commune: Béost. Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne, accessed on February 26, 2017 (French).
- ↑ France 1750. David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates, accessed February 26, 2017 .
- ↑ a b Notice Communale Béost. EHESS , accessed on February 26, 2017 (French).
- ↑ a b Historique de Béost. Municipality of Béost, accessed on February 26, 2017 (French).
- ^ Paul Raymond: Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées. In: Dictionnaire topographique de la France. Imprimerie nationale, 1863, pp. 18, 28 , accessed on February 26, 2017 (French).
- ↑ Populations légales 2006 Commune de Béost (64110). INSEE , accessed on February 26, 2017 (French).
- ↑ Populations légales 2014 Commune de Béost (64110). INSEE , accessed on February 26, 2017 (French).
- ↑ La transhumance Ossau Pyrénées. Laruns / Artouste tourist office, accessed on February 26, 2017 (French).
- ^ Eglise Saint-Jacques le Majeur. Ministry of Culture and Communication , accessed February 26, 2017 (French).
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Église Saint-Jacques-le-Majeur. (No longer available online.) Visites en Aquitaine, archived from the original on February 27, 2017 ; Retrieved on February 26, 2017 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Portail de l'église Saint-Jacques-le-Majeur. (No longer available online.) Visites en Aquitaine, archived from the original on February 27, 2017 ; Retrieved on February 26, 2017 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Conseil régional d'Aquitaine: Abbaye laïque de Béost. (No longer available online.) Visites en Aquitaine, archived from the original on February 27, 2017 ; Retrieved on February 26, 2017 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité: Rechercher un produit. Institut national de l'origine et de la qualité , accessed on October 20, 2017 (French).
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2014 Commune de Béost (64110). (No longer available online.) INSEE , archived from the original on March 2, 2017 ; Retrieved on February 26, 2017 (French).
- ↑ Regional Council of Aquitaine: Pierre Gaston Sacaze. (No longer available online.) Visites en Aquitaine, archived from the original on February 27, 2017 ; Retrieved on February 26, 2017 (French). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
